A sampling device for soil environment detection and its operation method

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil environment detection, and specifically relates to a sampling device for soil environment detection and its operation method. The device includes a cylinder body; a spiral blade is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the cylinder body, and an annular disc is fixedly connected to the top end of the cylinder body through a first bolt; the inner walls of the top opening of the cylinder body and the inner wall of the annular disc are on the same annular surface; the bottom end of the cylinder body is conical; a sampling tube is arranged inside the cylinder body, and the outer wall of the bottom opening of the sampling tube is in close contact with the inner wall of the bottom opening of the cylinder body; the cross-section of the bottom opening of the sampling tube is an isosceles trapezoid; a handle is threadedly connected to the outer ring wall of the annular disc; a pair of symmetrically distributed first grooves are opened at the inner wall of the annular disc, and the top ends of the first grooves are in an open state; a fixing block is fixed in the first groove through a fixing member, and the middle part of the fixing block covers the top opening of the cylinder body; to solve the problems of the existing sampling device being too heavy, inconvenient to carry, and the sampling depth of manual operation being insufficient.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of soil environment detection, and specifically relates to a sampling device for soil environment detection and its operation method. Background Art

[0002] Soil environment monitoring is one of the important contents of environmental monitoring. The purpose is to find out the background value, monitor, predict and control the soil environmental quality; by monitoring the degree and development trend of soil pollution, soil problems can be discovered and solved in time, preventing the spread of soil pollution to other environmental media and causing more serious environmental problems. At the same time, soil environment detection is of great significance in protecting agricultural production, ensuring human health, maintaining ecological balance and promoting sustainable agricultural development; when detecting the soil environment, soil sampling is an important link.

[0003] The sampling devices in the prior art are generally operated by electric or hydraulic drive. However, when scientific researchers conduct soil environment sampling in the wild, the load generally cannot be too heavy. Whether the sampling device is driven by electricity or hydraulics, it is too heavy for scientific researchers to carry, and it is not convenient to carry too many backup power supplies for field operation. At the same time, when sampling without using electric or hydraulic drive, the deeper the sampling cylinder goes, the greater the force required for it to go deeper, resulting in a limited sampling depth. Sometimes when it is necessary to sample deeper into the soil, it is very difficult for scientific researchers to screw the sampling cylinder into the required depth position for sampling.

[0004] Therefore, the present invention provides a sampling device for soil environment detection and its operation method. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art and solve the problems of the existing sampling device being too heavy, inconvenient to carry, and the sampling depth of manual operation being insufficient, the present invention proposes a sampling device for soil environment detection and its operation method.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is as follows: A sampling device for soil environment detection described in the present invention includes a cylinder body; a spiral piece is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the cylinder body, and an annular disk is fixedly connected to the top end of the cylinder body through a first bolt; the inner walls of the top end opening of the cylinder body and the inner wall of the annular disk are on the same annular surface; the bottom end of the cylinder body is conical; a sampling tube is arranged inside the cylinder body, and the outer wall of the bottom end opening of the sampling tube and the inner wall of the bottom end opening of the cylinder body are mutually attached; the cross section of the bottom end opening of the sampling tube is an isosceles trapezoid; a handle is threadedly connected to the outer ring wall of the annular disk; a pair of symmetrically distributed first grooves are opened at the inner wall of the annular disk, and the top ends of the first grooves are in an open state; a fixing block is fixed in the first groove through a fixing member, and the middle part of the fixing block covers the top end opening of the cylinder body; the center of the top end of the sampling tube is installed at the center of the bottom end of the fixing block through a positioning member; inverted U-shaped rods are fixedly connected to both sides of the top end of the fixing block; the sampling tube is located inside the cylinder body, and when the sampling tube needs to perform downward independent sampling, a pressing member is used to press down for sampling operation.

[0007] Preferably, the fixing member includes a first clamping block; first clamping grooves are opened on the inner walls of a pair of the first grooves symmetrically distributed about the center of the cylinder body; second grooves are opened on both side walls of the fixing block; a first clamping block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second groove through a spring; a pulling plate is fixedly connected to the middle of the top end of the fixing block through an elastic telescopic shaft; the pulling plate is parallel to the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod, and the pulling plate is located directly below the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod; a first pulling rope is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first clamping block, and the other end of the first pulling rope passes through the inside of the fixing block and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the pulling plate.

[0008] Preferably, the positioning member includes a square block; a square block is fixedly connected to the middle of the top end of the sampling tube; a square groove is opened at the middle of the bottom end of the fixing block; second clamping grooves are opened on both side walls of the square block; third grooves are opened on both side walls of the square groove; a second clamping block is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third groove through a spring; a second pulling rope is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second clamping block, and the other end of the second pulling rope passes through the fixing block and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the pulling plate.

[0009] Preferably, the pressing member includes a pressing column; a pressing column is arranged on the outer side wall of the sampling tube; a first straight groove is opened on the inner wall of the annular disk; a second straight groove is opened on the inner wall of the cylinder body; the first straight groove and the second straight groove are in corresponding positions and are mutually communicated; a spiral groove is opened on the inner wall of the cylinder body, and the top end opening of the spiral groove is in communication with the bottom end position of the second straight groove; the pressing column slides in the first straight groove, the second straight groove and the spiral groove; the sampling tube moves downward through a guiding unit.

[0010] Preferably, the guiding unit includes a guiding column and a guiding block; a pair of guiding columns symmetrically distributed about the sampling tube are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed block, and the guiding columns are located inside the cylinder; guiding blocks are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sampling tube; guiding grooves are formed in the guiding blocks, and the guiding columns are slidably arranged in the guiding grooves.

[0011] Preferably, the top end inside the sampling tube is lower than the top opening of the cylinder body and the pressing column; the end cross sections of the first clamping block and the second clamping block are both inverted right-angled trapezoids, and the inclined surfaces of the first clamping block and the second clamping block are arranged downward.

[0012] Preferably, a first cavity is formed inside the top end of the sampling tube; a first slider is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first cavity through a spring; the pressing column is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider, and the other end of the pressing column penetrates out of the sampling tube and is slidably connected to the first straight groove, the second straight groove and the spiral groove; an inverted right-angled trapezoidal through groove is formed in the first slider; a third straight groove is formed in the sampling tube and the square block, and the bottom end of the third straight groove communicates with the first cavity, and the top end of the third straight groove penetrates through the top ends of the sampling tube and the square block; a fourth straight groove is formed in the fixed block, and the top end of the fourth straight groove communicates with the square groove, and the top end of the fourth straight groove penetrates through the fixed block, the pull plate and the inverted U-shaped rod; the third straight groove and the fourth straight groove communicate with each other; a pressing rod slides in the third straight groove and the fourth straight groove, and the pressing rod can be drawn out of the third straight groove and the fourth straight groove; a limiting unit is arranged at the bottom end position of the guiding column.

[0013] Preferably, the limiting unit includes an inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove; an inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove is formed on the outer side wall at the bottom end position of the guiding column; inclined grooves are formed on the inner walls on both sides of the inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove; a limiting block is slidably connected in the inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove; a sliding rod is fixedly connected to the limiting block, and both sides of the sliding rod are slidably connected in the inclined grooves, and a spring is fixedly connected between the sliding rod and the top end of the inclined groove; a third pulling rope is fixedly connected to the limiting block, and the top end of the third pulling rope penetrates through the guiding column and the fixed block and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pull plate.

[0014] Preferably, a group of second cavities are formed in the sampling tube; a number of counterweight balls are placed in each of the group of second cavities; a plurality of threaded grooves are formed in the annular disc; a threaded limiting rod is threadedly installed in each of the threaded grooves.

[0015] An operation method of a sampling device for soil environment detection, which uses the above-mentioned sampling device for soil environment detection, and the steps of the method are as follows:

[0016] S1: First, install the sampling tube on the fixed block through the clamping member, then place the sampling tube into the cylinder body, and then install the fixed block in the first groove of the annular disc;

[0017] S2: When sampling, align the bottom end of the cylinder with the sampling soil position, then rotate the annular disc through the handle to make the cylinder rotate, and then insert it into the soil. At this time, the bottom end of the sampling tube is in an open state. When the cylinder moves directly downward, the soil can be collected through the sampling tube.

[0018] S3: When the sampling tube takes samples separately, release the fixing part of the fixing block and the clamping part of the sampling tube. At this time, the sampling tube is located inside the cylinder, the cylinder does not rotate, rotate the inverted U-shaped rod to drive the fixing block and the sampling tube to rotate, and at the same time drive the sampling tube to move downward through the pressing part, so as to drive the sampling tube to take soil samples.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] 1. For the sampling device for soil environment detection provided by the present invention, the fixing block, sampling tube, cylinder and annular disc in the whole device can all be disassembled, which is convenient for storage and carrying. Moreover, the overall weight is lighter than that of the sampling device driven by electricity or hydraulics, and no additional power supply is required for operation, which is convenient for field sampling operations of scientific research personnel, and the soil samples at the required depth can be collected through manual operation.

[0021] 2. For the sampling device for soil environment detection provided by the present invention, when the cylinder is at the lowest point, the cylinder must be kept stationary to allow the sampling tube to take samples separately. Therefore, the threaded limit rod can be threaded into the threaded groove. When the sampling device penetrates into the ground, the cylinder can be ensured to be stationary. When the cylinder takes samples, the threaded limit rod can not be used and can be used according to the situation. The function of the counterweight ball is that when the sampling tube takes samples separately and the sampling tube breaks away from the fixation of the clamping part, it can ensure that the pressing column enters the spiral groove at this time. Description of the Drawings

[0022] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional view of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is the partial cross-section of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0025] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the partial enlarged view at A in

[0026] Figure 4 is the partial cross-section of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 5 is the partial cross-section of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0028] Figure 6It is a perspective view of a cylinder body and an annular disc;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a perspective view of a fixing block and a sampling tube;

[0030] Figure 8 It is Figure 1 A partial top sectional view of the first groove in

[0031] Figure 9 It is a perspective view of the cylinder body;

[0032] Figure 10 It is a sectional view of the fixing block;

[0033] Figure 11 It is a sectional view of the sampling tube;

[0034] In the figure: 1. Cylinder body; 11. Spiral fin; 12. First bolt; 13. Annular disc; 14. Handle; 15. First groove; 16. Fixing block; 17. Sampling tube; 18. Inverted U-shaped rod; 2. Second groove; 21. First clamping block; 22. First clamping groove; 23. First pull rope; 24. Pulling plate; 25. Elastic telescopic shaft; 3. Square block; 31. Square groove; 32. Third groove; 33. Second clamping groove; 34. Second clamping block; 35. Second pull rope; 4. First straight groove; 41. Second straight groove; 42. Spiral groove; 43. Pressing column; 44. Guide column; 45. Guide block; 46. Guide groove; 5. First cavity; 51. First slider; 52. Third straight groove; 53. Fourth straight groove; 54. Inverted right trapezoidal through groove; 55. Pressing rod; 56. Inverted right trapezoidal groove; 57. Inclined groove; 58. Limit block; 59. Slide bar; 591. Third pull rope; 6. Second cavity; 61. Counterweight ball; 62. Threaded groove; 63. Threaded limit rod. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] In order to make the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention easy to understand, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific implementation manners.

[0036] As Figures 1 to 11As shown in the figure, a sampling device for soil environment detection according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a cylinder body 1; a spiral blade 11 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the cylinder body 1, and an annular disc 13 is fixedly connected to the top end of the cylinder body 1 through a first bolt 12; the inner walls of the top end opening of the cylinder body 1 and the inner wall of the annular disc 13 are on the same annular surface; the bottom end of the cylinder body 1 is conical; a sampling tube 17 is arranged inside the cylinder body 1, and the outer wall of the bottom end opening of the sampling tube 17 fits with the inner wall of the bottom end opening of the cylinder body 1; the cross section of the bottom end opening of the sampling tube 17 is an isosceles trapezoid; a handle 14 is threadedly connected to the outer ring wall of the annular disc 13; a pair of symmetrically distributed first grooves 15 are formed in the inner wall of the annular disc 13, and the top ends of the first grooves 15 are in an open state; a fixing block 16 is fixed in the first groove 15 through a fixing member, and the middle part of the fixing block 16 covers the top end opening of the cylinder body 1; the center of the top end of the sampling tube 17 is installed at the center of the bottom end of the fixing block 16 through a clamping member; inverted U-shaped rods 18 are fixedly connected to both sides of the top end of the fixing block 16; the sampling tube 17 is located inside the cylinder body 1, and when the sampling tube 17 needs to perform downward independent sampling, a pressing member is used to press down for sampling operation; in the prior art, the sampling device is generally driven by electricity or hydraulics. However, when scientific researchers conduct soil environment sampling in the wild, the load they can bear is generally not too heavy. Whether the sampling device is driven by electricity or hydraulics, it is too heavy for scientific researchers to carry, and it is not convenient to carry too many backup power supplies for field operations. At the same time, when sampling without using electric or hydraulic drive, the deeper the sampling tube goes, the greater the force required for it to go deeper, resulting in a limited sampling depth. Sometimes when it is necessary to sample deeper into the soil, it is very difficult for scientific researchers to screw the sampling tube into the required depth position for sampling; for this reason, when the present invention works, first install the sampling tube 17 on the fixing block 16 through a clamping member, then put the sampling tube 17 into the cylinder body 1, and then install the fixing block 16 in the first groove 15 of the annular disc 13. When sampling is required, align the bottom end of the cylinder body 1 with the sampling soil position, and then rotate the annular disc 13 through the handle 14 to rotate the cylinder body 1, so that it rotates into the soil. At this time, the bottom end of the sampling tube 17 is in an open state, and when the cylinder body 1 moves directly downward, soil can be collected through the sampling tube 17;

[0037] However, the above operations have the following situations:

[0038] In the first situation, when a scientific researcher rotates the cylinder body 1 for sampling, the cylinder body 1 rotates to the lowest position, or the selected soil depth is lower than the length of the cylinder body 1 itself. At this time, the sampling by the sampling tube 17 is completed. Then, the fixing member is removed, the fixing block 16 and the sampling tube 17 are first taken out of the cylinder body 1, and then the clamping member is removed to separately remove and place the sampling tube 17, that is, the sampling at this soil position is completed;

[0039] The second case: When the cylinder body 1 is screwed in, it does not reach the lowest point of the cylinder body 1 or the depth of the selected soil (the soil softness is too hard or too soft, and the researchers do not have enough strength. At this time, the depth of the selected soil is lower than the body length of the cylinder body 1). At this time, the fixing piece of the fixing block 16 and the clamping piece of the sampling tube 17 are also released. However, at this time, the sampling tube 17 is still located inside the cylinder body 1. At this time, the cylinder body 1 does not rotate, and the inverted U-shaped rod 18 is rotated to rotate the fixing block 16 and the sampling tube 17. At the same time, the sampling tube 17 is driven to move downward by the pressing member (the cylinder body 1 does not move). At this time, the cylinder body 1 has moved downward by a certain amount. And at this time, the downward movement of the sampling tube 17 will not be interfered by the friction of the soil that has been blocked by the cylinder body 1. Moreover, based on the depth that has already moved downward and then moving downward again, it can effectively save the downward movement force of the sampling tube 17 (reduce the pressure and friction force driven by the soil at the depth that has already moved downward). At this time, the sampling tube 17 can be moved downward by using human power, and then the sampling tube 17 can be extended to the required depth.

[0040] The third case: The soil sampling extends too deep, and the depth position is deeper than the body length of the cylinder body 1 (the soil softness is moderate). First, conduct the initial sampling. Rotate the cylinder body 1, and at the same time drive the fixing block 16 and the sampling tube 17 to rotate (at this time, mainly the cylinder body 1 is in contact with the outer soil). After reaching the lowest point of the cylinder body 1, first release the fixing piece, and take out the fixing block 16 and the sampling tube 17 from the cylinder body 1 (the cylinder body 1 is below the ground). Then release the clamping piece, remove the sampling tube 17 that has been filled with soil samples and seal it. Then replace it with a new sampling tube 17 and put it into the cylinder body 1. Then drive the sampling tube 17 to rotate through the pressing member, and only rotate and move the sampling tube 17 downward (the cylinder body 1 does not move. At this time, only the sampling tube 17 is in contact with the soil), and conduct a separate sampling operation (the cylinder body 1 does not move). After reaching the required depth, take out the sampling tube 17 and seal it. The soil collected by the two sampling tubes 17 is the soil sample at the required depth. And when the sampling tube 17 conducts separate sampling, it can effectively reduce the influence caused by the soil pressure above the position where the cylinder body 1 is located, can save manpower, and can also complete the collection of the required soil samples (there are multiple sampling tubes 17 and they can be replaced for use);

[0041] The above operations can also avoid the situation of soil pollution (the sampling tube 17 can be quickly replaced);

[0042] The bottom opening cross-section of the sampling tube 17 is an isosceles trapezoid, which can ensure that the collected soil is partially squeezed inside the sampling tube 17, avoiding the soil inside the sampling tube 17 from loosening and preventing the soil sample from scattering when the sampling tube 17 is taken out. At the same time, in the whole device, the fixing block 16, the sampling tube 17, the cylinder 1 and the annular disc 13 can all be disassembled, which is convenient for storage and carrying. Moreover, the overall weight is lighter than that of the sampling device driven by electricity or hydraulics, and no additional power supply is required for operation, which is convenient for the field sampling operation of scientific researchers (a level gauge or the like can be provided inside the top of the annular disc 13 for convenient vertical sampling. The level gauge is a prior art and will not be elaborated here).

[0043] The fixing member includes a first clamping block 21; first clamping grooves 22 are formed on the inner walls of a pair of the first grooves 15 symmetrically distributed about the center of the cylinder 1; second grooves 2 are formed on both side walls of the fixing block 16; the first clamping block 21 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second groove 2 through a spring; the middle part of the top end of the fixing block 16 is fixedly connected to a pull plate 24 through an elastic telescopic shaft 25; the pull plate 24 is arranged parallel to the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod 18, and the pull plate 24 is located directly below the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod 18; a first pull rope 23 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first clamping block 21, and the other end of the first pull rope 23 penetrates through the fixing block 16 and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the pull plate 24. During operation, when it is necessary to install the fixing block 16 in the first groove 15 or remove the fixing of the fixing block 16, only need to align the hand with the inverted U-shaped rod 18, then hold the hand to hook the pull plate 24 and pull up the pull plate 24, and the first clamping block 21 can be contracted into the second groove 2 by pulling the first pull rope 23, so that the first clamping block 21 is disengaged from the first clamping groove 22, and thus the installation or disassembly of the fixing block 16 is completed.

[0044] The clamping member includes a square block 3; the square block 3 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the top end of the sampling tube 17; a square groove 31 is formed in the middle part of the bottom end of the fixing block 16; second clamping grooves 33 are formed on both side walls of the square block 3; third grooves 32 are formed on both side walls of the square groove 31; the second clamping block 34 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third groove 32 through a spring; a second pull rope 35 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second clamping block 34, and the other end of the second pull rope 35 penetrates through the fixing block 16 and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the pull plate 24. During operation, when it is necessary to install or disassemble the sampling tube 17, pull the pull plate 24 to move the pull plate 24 upward, thereby driving the second pull rope 35 to contract the second clamping block 34 into the third groove 32, so that the second clamping block 34 is disengaged from the second clamping groove 33, that is, the installation or disassembly of the sampling tube 17 is completed. At the same time, there are multiple gears when the pull plate 24 is held by hand. During the upward movement of the pull plate 24, first let the first clamping block 21 disengage, and then let the second clamping block 34 disengage.

[0045] The pressing member includes a pressing column 43; the outer side wall of the sampling tube 17 is provided with the pressing column 43; a first straight groove 4 is formed on the inner wall of the annular disc 13; a second straight groove 41 is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder body 1; the first straight groove 4 and the second straight groove 41 are in corresponding positions and communicate with each other; a spiral groove 42 is formed on the inner wall of the cylinder body 1, and the top opening of the spiral groove 42 communicates with the bottom end position of the second straight groove 41; the pressing column 43 slides in the first straight groove 4, the second straight groove 41 and the spiral groove 42; the sampling tube 17 moves downward through the guiding unit;

[0046] The guiding unit includes a guiding column 44 and a guiding block 45; a pair of guiding columns 44 symmetrically distributed with respect to the sampling tube 17 are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing block 16, and the guiding columns 44 are located inside the cylinder body 1; guiding blocks 45 are symmetrically and fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sampling tube 17; a guiding groove 46 is formed on the guiding block 45, and the guiding column 44 slides in the guiding groove 46;

[0047] During operation, first install the sampling tube 17 on the fixing block 16 through the clamping member, and then the pressing column 43 enters the cylinder body 1 along the first straight groove 4 and the second straight groove 41. At this time, the placement of the sampling tube 17 is completed. At the same time, the fixing block 16 is installed in the first groove 15 through the fixing member. At this time, the pressing column 43 is located at the top opening position of the spiral groove 42. When the sampling tube 17 needs to sample alone, both the fixing member and the clamping member are released from fixation, pull the fixing block 16 out of the first groove 15 upward, and then rotate the fixing block 16 through the inverted U-shaped rod 18. The fixing block 16 drives the guiding block 45 to rotate through the guiding column 44, thereby driving the sampling tube 17 to rotate. When the sampling tube 17 rotates, it will drive the pressing column 43 to rotate in the spiral groove 42, thereby driving the sampling tube 17 to move downward, so as to complete the rotation and downward movement operation of the sampling tube 17.

[0048] The top end inside the sampling tube 17 is lower than the top opening of the cylinder body 1 and the pressing column 43; the end cross sections of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 34 are both inverted right trapezoids, and the inclined surfaces of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 34 face downward; during operation, the top end inside the sampling tube 17 is lower than the top opening of the cylinder body 1 and the position where the pressing column 43 is located. When the cylinder body 1 is in the lowest position, the soil sample inside the sampling tube 17 is generally in a compacted state, which can effectively prevent the soil sample from loosening. When the sampling tube 17 is taken out, it can not only prevent the soil inside the sampling tube 17 from falling (in the case of taking out the sampling tube 17), but also ensure that the soil sample forms a column; at the same time, the end cross sections of the first clamping block 21 and the second clamping block 34 are both inverted right trapezoids, which can facilitate the installation of the fixing block 16 and the connection between the sampling tube 17 and the fixing block 16 (there is no need to pull up the pull plate 24, and only when disassembling the fixing block 16 and the sampling tube 17, it is necessary to pull up the pull plate 24).

[0049] A first cavity 5 is formed inside the top end of the sampling tube 17; a first slider 51 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first cavity 5 through a spring; the pressing column 43 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider 51, and the other end of the pressing column 43 penetrates through and extends out of the sampling tube 17 and is slidably connected to the first straight groove 4, the second straight groove 41 and the spiral groove 42; an inverted right trapezoidal through groove 54 is formed inside the first slider 51; a third straight groove 52 is formed in the sampling tube 17 and the square block 3, and the bottom end of the third straight groove 52 is communicated with the first cavity 5, and the top end of the third straight groove 52 penetrates through the top ends of the sampling tube 17 and the square block 3; a fourth straight groove 53 is formed in the fixed block 16, and the top end of the fourth straight groove 53 is communicated with the square groove 31, and the top end of the fourth straight groove 53 penetrates through the fixed block 16, the pull plate 24 and the inverted U-shaped rod 18; the third straight groove 52 and the fourth straight groove 53 are communicated with each other; a pressing rod 55 is slidably arranged in the third straight groove 52 and the fourth straight groove 53, and the pressing rod 55 can be pulled out of the third straight groove 52 and the fourth straight groove 53; a limiting unit is arranged at the bottom end position of the guiding column 44; during operation, when the sampling tube 17 samples alone, it is necessary to move downward through the spiral groove 42. After sampling is completed, it is also necessary to reverse the rotation of the sampling tube 17 again to completely take out the sampling tube 17 from the cylinder body 1. In order to facilitate the removal of the sampling tube 17 from the cylinder body 1, the pressing rod 55 can enter the first cavity 5 through the third straight groove 52 and the fourth straight groove 53, and then through the inclined surface of the inverted right trapezoidal through groove 54, the first slider 51 is pushed to move, so that the pressing column 43 is separated from the spiral groove 42, and then the inverted U-shaped rod 18 is moved upward to take out the fixed block 16 and the sampling tube 17 as a whole, which is simple and convenient. At the same time, the limiting unit is clamped into the guiding block 45.

[0050] The limiting unit includes an inverted right trapezoidal groove 56; an inverted right trapezoidal groove 56 is formed on the outer side wall at the bottom end position of the guiding column 44; inclined grooves 57 are formed on both inner side walls of the inverted right trapezoidal groove 56; a limiting block 58 is slidably connected in the inverted right trapezoidal groove 56; a sliding rod 59 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 58, and both sides of the sliding rod 59 are slidably connected in the inclined grooves 57, and a spring is fixedly connected between the sliding rod 59 and the top end of the inclined groove 57; a third pulling rope 591 is fixedly connected to the limiting block 58, and the top end of the third pulling rope 591 penetrates through the guiding column 44 and the fixed block 16 and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pull plate 24; during operation, the sampling tube 17 is installed on the bottom side of the fixed block 16 through a clamping member. At this time, the guiding column 44 enters the guiding groove 46 of the guiding block 45, and then the guiding block 45 first pushes up the limiting block 58 to move the limiting block 58 upward. Through the arrangement of the inclined groove 57, the whole limiting block 58 can enter the inverted right trapezoidal groove 56. Then the guiding block 45 moves upward as a whole with the sampling tube 17 and is installed on the bottom side of the fixed block 16 through the clamping member. At the same time, when the sampling tube 17 is taken out subsequently, only the pull plate 24 needs to be pulled upward, and when the pull plate 24 is pulled to the highest point (the last gear), it is convenient to take out the sampling tube 17 subsequently. Specifically, in implementation, the cross section of the sliding rod 59 is square.

[0051] A set of second cavities 6 are formed in the sampling tube 17; a number of counterweight balls 61 are placed in each of the set of second cavities 6; a plurality of threaded grooves 62 are formed in the annular disc 13; a threaded limiting rod 63 is threadedly installed in each of the threaded grooves 62; during operation, when the cylinder body 1 is at the lowest point, the cylinder body 1 must be kept stationary to allow the sampling tube 17 to sample alone. Therefore, the threaded limiting rod 63 can be threaded into the threaded groove 62. When the sampling device extends into the ground, the cylinder body 1 can be ensured to be stationary. When the cylinder body 1 samples, the threaded limiting rod 63 may not be used and can be used according to the situation. The function of the counterweight ball 61 is that when the sampling tube 17 samples alone and the sampling tube 17 is detached from the fixing of the clamping member, it can ensure that the pressing column 43 enters the spiral groove 42 at this time.

[0052] An operation method of a sampling device for soil environment detection, which uses the above-mentioned sampling device for soil environment detection. The steps of the method are as follows:

[0053] S1: First, install the sampling tube 17 on the fixing block 16 through the clamping member, then place the sampling tube 17 into the cylinder body 1, and then install the fixing block 16 in the first groove 15 of the annular disc 13;

[0054] S2: When sampling, align the bottom end of the cylinder body 1 with the sampling soil position, and then rotate the annular disc 13 through the handle 14 to rotate the cylinder body 1, so as to rotate it into the soil. At this time, the bottom end of the sampling tube 17 is in an open state, and when the cylinder body 1 moves straight down, the soil can be collected through the sampling tube 17;

[0055] S3: When the sampling tube 17 samples alone, release the fixing member of the fixing block 16 and the clamping member of the sampling tube 17. At this time, the sampling tube 17 is located in the cylinder body 1, the cylinder body 1 does not rotate, rotate the inverted U-shaped rod 18 to drive the fixing block 16 and the sampling tube 17 to rotate, and at the same time drive the sampling tube 17 to move down through the pressing member, so as to drive the sampling tube 17 to sample the soil.

[0056] Working principle: First, install the sampling tube 17 on the fixed block 16 through the clamping member, then place the sampling tube 17 into the cylinder body 1, and then install the fixed block 16 in the first groove 15 of the annular disk 13; when sampling is required, align the bottom end of the cylinder body 1 with the sampling soil position, and then rotate the annular disk 13 through the handle 14 to make the cylinder body 1 rotate and thus penetrate into the soil. At this time, the bottom end of the sampling tube 17 is in an open state, and when the cylinder body 1 moves directly downward, soil can be collected through the sampling tube 17; when it is necessary to install the fixed block 16 in the first groove 15 or remove the fixed block 16, only need to pull up the pull plate 24, and the first clamping block 21 can be contracted into the second groove 2 by pulling the first pull rope 23, so that the first clamping block 21 disengages from the first clamping groove 22, thus completing the installation or disassembly of the fixed block 16; when it is necessary to install or disassemble the sampling tube 17, also pull the pull plate 24 to make the pull plate 24 move upward, thereby driving the second pull rope 35 to contract the second clamping block 34 into the third groove 32, so that the second clamping block 34 disengages from the second clamping groove 33, that is, the installation or disassembly of the sampling tube 17 is completed. At the same time, the pull plate 24 has multiple gears when held by hand. During the upward movement of the pull plate 24, first let the first clamping block 21 disengage, and then let the second clamping block 34 disengage; after the sampling tube 17 is installed on the fixed block 16 through the clamping member, the sampling tube 17 enters the cylinder body 1 along the first straight groove 4 and the second straight groove 41 through the pressing column 43. At this time, the placement of the sampling tube 17 is completed. At the same time, when the fixed block 16 is installed in the first groove 15 through the fixing member, the pressing column 43 is located at the top opening position of the spiral groove 42. When it is necessary for the sampling tube 17 to sample alone, both the fixing member and the clamping member are released from fixation, pull the fixed block 16 out of the first groove 15 upward, and then rotate the fixed block 16 through the inverted U-shaped rod 18. The fixed block 16 drives the guide block 45 to rotate through the guide column 44, thereby driving the sampling tube 17 to rotate. And when the sampling tube 17 rotates, it will drive the pressing column 43 to rotate in the spiral groove 42, thereby driving the sampling tube 17 to move downward, thus completing the rotation and downward movement operation of the sampling tube 17.

[0057] The above front, back, left, right, up, and down are all based on the Figure 1 description in the attached drawings of the specification. Taking the perspective of the person observing as the standard, the side of the device facing the observer is defined as the front, and the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and so on.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0059] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only to illustrate the principle of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will also have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present invention claimed. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A sampling device for soil environment detection, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cylinder (1); a spiral sheet (11) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the cylinder (1); an annular disk (13) is fixedly connected to the top of the cylinder (1) via a first bolt (12); the inner wall of the top opening of the cylinder (1) and the inner wall of the annular disk (13) are located on the same annular surface; the bottom end of the cylinder (1) is conical; a sampling tube (17) is arranged in the cylinder (1), and the outer wall of the bottom opening of the sampling tube (17) and the inner wall of the bottom opening of the cylinder (1) are in contact with each other; the cross section of the bottom opening of the sampling tube (17) is an isosceles trapezoid; a handle (14) is threadedly connected to the outer ring wall of the annular disk (13); the annular disk (13) A pair of symmetrically distributed first grooves (15) are provided on the inner wall, and the top of the first groove (15) is in an open state; a fixing block (16) is fixed in the first groove (15) by a fixing member, and the middle of the fixing block (16) covers the top opening of the cylinder (1); the center of the top of the sampling tube (17) is installed at the center of the bottom of the fixing block (16) by a locking member; inverted U-shaped rods (18) are fixedly connected to both sides of the top of the fixing block (16); the sampling tube (17) is located in the cylinder (1), and when the sampling tube (17) needs to be sampled downward separately, the sampling operation is performed by pressing down the pressing member; The pressing member comprises a pressing column (43); the outer wall of the sampling tube (17) is provided with a pressing column (43); the inner wall of the annular disk (13) is provided with a first straight groove (4); the inner wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with a second straight groove (41); the first straight groove (4) and the second straight groove (41) are located in corresponding positions and are interconnected; the inner wall of the cylinder (1) is provided with a spiral groove (42), and the top opening of the spiral groove (42) and the bottom position of the second straight groove (41) are interconnected; the pressing column (43) slides in the first straight groove (4), the second straight groove (41) and the spiral groove (42); the sampling tube (17) moves downward through the guide unit; The guide unit comprises a guide column (44) and a guide block (45); a pair of guide columns (44) symmetrically distributed about the sampling tube (17) are fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixed block (16), and the guide columns (44) are located in the cylinder (1); a guide block (45) is symmetrically fixedly connected to the outer wall of the sampling tube (17); a guide groove (46) is formed on the guide block (45), and the guide column (44) slides in the guide groove (46).

2. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing member comprises a first locking block (21); a pair of first grooves (15) are symmetrically distributed about the center of the cylinder (1) and are each provided with a first locking groove (22); second grooves (2) are each provided on the side walls of both sides of the fixing block (16); the bottom of the second groove (2) is fixedly connected to the first locking block (21) via a spring; the middle part of the top end of the fixing block (16) is fixedly connected to a pull plate (24) via an elastic telescopic shaft (25); the pull plate (24) and the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod (18) are arranged in parallel, and the pull plate (24) is located directly below the horizontal rod of the inverted U-shaped rod (18); a first pull rope (23) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first locking block (21), and the other end of the first pull rope (23) passes through the fixing block (16) and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the pull plate (24).

3. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The locking member comprises a square block (3); a square block (3) is fixedly connected to the middle of the top end of the sampling tube (17); a square groove (31) is provided at the middle of the bottom end of the fixing block (16); second locking grooves (33) are provided on both side walls of the square block (3); third grooves (32) are provided on both side walls of the square groove (31); a second locking block (34) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the third groove (32) via a spring; a second pull rope (35) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the second locking block (34), and the other end of the second pull rope (35) passes through the fixing block (16) and is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the pull plate (24).

4. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top end of the sampling tube (17) is lower than the top opening of the cylinder (1) and the lower pressure column (43); the end sections of the first clamping block (21) and the second clamping block (34) are both inverted right-angled trapezoids, and the inclined surfaces of the first clamping block (21) and the second clamping block (34) are arranged downward.

5. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first cavity (5) is provided in the top of the sampling tube (17); a first slider (51) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first cavity (5) via a spring; the lower pressure column (43) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the first slider (51), and the other end of the lower pressure column (43) extends through the sampling tube (17) and is slidably connected to the first straight groove (4), the second straight groove (41) and the spiral groove (42); a chamfered right-angled trapezoidal through groove (54) is provided in the first slider (51); a third straight groove (52) is provided in the sampling tube (17) and the square block (3), and the bottom end of the third straight groove (52) and the first cavity (5) are communicated with each other, and the third straight groove ( The top of the third straight groove (52) passes through the sampling tube (17) and the top of the square block (3); a fourth straight groove (53) is provided in the fixed block (16), and the top of the fourth straight groove (53) and the square groove (31) are connected to each other, and the top of the fourth straight groove (53) passes through the fixed block (16), the pull plate (24) and the inverted U-shaped rod (18); the third straight groove (52) and the fourth straight groove (53) are connected to each other; a pressing rod (55) is slidable in the third straight groove (52) and the fourth straight groove (53), and the pressing rod (55) can be pulled out of the third straight groove (52) and the fourth straight groove (53); a limiting unit is provided at the bottom end of the guide column (44).

6. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The limiting unit comprises an inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove (56); an inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove (56) is provided on the outer wall at the bottom end of the guide column (44); inclined grooves (57) are provided on the inner walls on both sides of the inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove (56); a limiting block (58) is slidably connected in the inverted right-angled trapezoidal groove (56); a sliding rod (59) is fixedly connected to the limiting block (58), and both sides of the sliding rod (59) are slidably connected in the inclined groove (57), and a spring is fixedly connected between the sliding rod (59) and the top of the inclined groove (57); a third pull rope (591) is fixedly connected to the limiting block (58), and the top end of the third pull rope (591) passes through the guide column (44) and the fixed block (16) and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the pull plate (24).

7. A soil environment detection sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: A group of second cavities (6) is provided in the sampling tube (17); a plurality of weighted balls (61) are placed in each of the second cavities (6); a plurality of thread grooves (62) are provided in the annular disk (13); a threaded limiting rod (63) is threadedly installed in each of the thread grooves (62).

8. A method for operating a sampling device for soil environment detection, the method using the sampling device for soil environment detection according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps of this method are as follows: S1: firstly, the sampling tube (17) is mounted on the fixing block (16) through the clamping member, and then the sampling tube (17) is placed in the cylinder (1), and then the fixing block (16) is mounted in the first groove (15) of the annular disk (13); S2: When sampling, align the bottom end of the cylinder (1) with the sampling soil position, and then rotate the annular disk (13) through the handle (14) to rotate the cylinder (1) and then move into the soil. At this time, the bottom end of the sampling tube (17) is in an open state. When the cylinder (1) moves downward, the soil can be collected through the sampling tube (17); S3: When the sampling tube (17) is sampling alone, the fixing part of the fixing block (16) and the locking part of the sampling tube (17) are released. At this time, the sampling tube (17) is located in the cylinder (1), and the cylinder (1) does not rotate. The inverted U-shaped rod (18) is rotated to drive the fixing block (16) and the sampling tube (17) to rotate. At the same time, the sampling tube (17) is driven downward through the pressing part, thereby driving the sampling tube (17) to sample the soil.

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