A strong magnetic field environment corrosion product migration experimental device and method

Abstract

This invention discloses an experimental apparatus and method for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment. The apparatus includes a superconducting magnet, a water tank, a buffer section, a water pump, a gate valve, a heat transfer tube experimental section, measuring instruments, and auxiliary equipment. Under pressure, temperature, and magnetic field strength designed based on fusion reactor operating conditions, high-purity deionized water and Fe3O4 particles are circulated in the experimental loop for 24 hours. The difference in particle mass before and after the experiment is measured, and the particle deposition at different heat transfer tube sections is compared to analyze the influence of the strong magnetic field environment on the migration behavior of metal corrosion particles in a multi-bend heat transfer section. This invention, targeting the operating environment and strong magnetic field characteristics of fusion reactors, conducts corrosion particle migration experiments in multi-bend heat transfer sections. Locations with a high concentration of corrosion particles within the heat transfer tube indicate that the deposition of corrosion products in that section needs to be carefully monitored in actual engineering applications, especially regarding radiation dose rate, material loss, and corrosion status.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fusion reactor corrosion product migration and deposition research, specifically to an experimental apparatus and method for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment. Background Technology

[0002] Fusion energy, as the ultimate goal of nuclear energy development and application, will occupy a central position in the world's future energy landscape. There are two main methods to achieve controlled nuclear fusion: inertial confinement fusion and magnetic confinement fusion. Tokamak devices, based on the principle of magnetic confinement fusion, are among the fastest-developing and most promising fusion devices. The accident analysis report of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) indicates that ITER has two main safety functions: containing radioactive materials and limiting radioactive irradiation. In fusion reactors using water as a coolant, gamma rays from activated corrosion products (ACPs) are the primary source of occupational radiation exposure (ORE) for workers. Water in the cooling loop contacts the surface of the system's structural materials, initiating corrosion and producing large amounts of metal oxides and corrosion products (CPs). These are carried by the coolant to neutron-irradiated areas, such as the first wall, blanket, divertor, and vacuum chamber, where they are subsequently activated by neutron bombardment, generating ACPs. Alternatively, materials located in the neutron-irradiated region are first activated by neutron bombardment, and then oxidized and corroded during contact with the coolant. The corrosion products are then carried by the coolant and deposited in heat exchangers, pipes, valves, pumps, filters, and other components. In water-cooled fusion reactors, the activation corrosion products mainly originate from the physical and chemical interactions between water and stainless steel, producing active corrosive compounds (ACPs) primarily consisting of Cr-51, Mn-54, Mn-56, Fe-55, Ni-58, Co-57, Co-58, and Co-60. Furthermore, neutron activation of copper alloys in divertor components can also produce Cu-64, Co-60, Ni-63, Zn-65, Co-58, and Fe-59. ACPs are critical radioactive source terms in radiation safety analysis under normal operating conditions of fusion reactors using water as the coolant; therefore, assessing ACPs, as well as their content and distribution, is a crucial task in fusion reactor engineering design and operation maintenance.

[0003] Regarding water-cooled fusion reactors, there are currently no publicly published experimental measurement results. However, in the field of pressurized water reactors (PWRs), an experimental system for studying the deposition mechanism of primary loop corrosion products has been established to conduct experimental research on the deposition of corrosion products within the main cooling loop. For example, the PCCL (PWR Coolant Chemistry Loop) is an experimental loop built at MIT (Massachusetts Institute of Technology). It is established based on parameters such as the temperature, flow state, heat flux density and heat transfer coefficient, surface area fraction of structural metal materials, and neutron flux density of a typical PWR, and is used to simulate the main cooling loop of a typical PWR. Although the experience of pressurized water reactors can be drawn upon, the two reactor types have significant differences in terms of average neutron energy, thermal and magnetic field environment, water chemistry, and cooling circuit structure: (1) The average neutron energy of pressurized water reactors is 2 MeV, while that of fusion reactors is 14.1 MeV; (2) When the coils of a fusion reactor are operating normally, the background magnetic field can reach up to 10 T, which will not only exert a strong electromagnetic force on the device components, but may also affect the formation of corrosion products of metal materials. Pressurized water reactors do not require a magnetic field; (3) Due to the high heat load of the cladding, the cooling circuit will adopt more bends in order to increase the contact area of ​​the coolant. These differences will cause the generation and deposition behavior of ACPs in the water cooling circuits of pressurized water reactors and fusion reactors to exhibit different characteristics.

[0004] Currently, research on the migration and deposition of corrosion products in water-cooled fusion reactors under strong magnetic field environments is scarce, and the deposition distribution patterns of corrosion products within the main cooling loop are unknown. Therefore, it is necessary to design an experimental apparatus and method suitable for the strong magnetic field environment of fusion reactors to study the migration and deposition behavior of corrosion products within the fusion reactor cooling loop. This would also provide a reliable reference for the mechanistic analysis of the generation, migration, and deposition of corrosion products in strong magnetic field environments. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides an experimental apparatus and method for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment. The experimental apparatus system mainly consists of a superconducting magnet, a water tank, a buffer section, a water pump, a gate valve, a heat transfer tube experimental section, measuring instruments, and auxiliary equipment. Under pressure, temperature, and magnetic field strength designed based on fusion reactor operating conditions, high-purity deionized water and Fe3O4 particles are circulated in the experimental loop for 24 hours. The difference in particle mass before and after the experiment is measured, and the deposition of particles at different heat transfer tube sections is compared to analyze the influence of the strong magnetic field environment on the migration behavior of metal corrosion particles in a multi-bend heat transfer section.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] An experimental apparatus for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment includes a stirring device, a water tank, deionized water and Fe3O4 particles, a first control switch, a buffer section, a water pump, a gate valve, a pressure gauge, a flow meter, a superconducting magnet, a heat transfer tube experimental section, and a second control switch. All devices and equipment are connected by 304 stainless steel pipes as the main pipeline. The stirring device and the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles are located inside the water tank, and during the experiment, the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles circulate within the experimental loop. The buffer section is connected to the water tank via a pipeline. The first control switch is located inside the water tank. The water pump is connected to the buffer section via a pipeline, and its function is to pressurize and transport the deionized water, Fe3O4 particles, and metal particles. The gate valve and the water pump are connected via a pipeline. The flow meter and the pressure gauge are located after the gate valve, and their functions are to collect the flow rate and pressure data of the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles, respectively. The heat transfer tube experimental section is connected to the gate valve and the water tank via a pipeline. The heat transfer tube experimental section is placed in the superconducting magnet, and the superconducting magnet provides the 12 T magnetic field environment required for the experiment. The second control switch is located on the pipeline between the water tank and the superconducting magnet.

[0008] This invention also provides an experimental method for an experimental apparatus for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Add 0.25 m³ of water to the tank. 3 High-purity deionized water and Fe3O4 particles weighed according to experimental needs;

[0010] Step 2: Turn on the stirring device and stir thoroughly for 1 hour;

[0011] Step 3: Turn on the current to the superconducting magnet and wait for the magnetic field to stabilize and increase to 12 T;

[0012] Step 4: Turn on the water pump, turn on the first control switch and the second control switch to circulate the high-purity deionized water and Fe3O4 particles in the loop for 24 hours.

[0013] Step 5: Turn off the current to the superconducting magnet and the water pump, and remove the heat transfer tube experimental section as experimental group A;

[0014] Step 6: Repeat steps 1-5, but without turning on the superconducting magnet current. After 24 hours of cycling, remove the heat transfer tube experimental section as control group B.

[0015] Step 7: Organize and record the experimental data, and then analyze it.

[0016] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0017] This invention allows for experimental research on the deposition of Fe3O4 particles within heat transfer tubes under pressure, temperature, and magnetic field strength conditions designed for fusion reactor operation. It also provides comparative analysis of particle deposition amounts in different bend sections of the tube. Furthermore, this invention, considering the operating environment and strong magnetic field characteristics of fusion reactors, conducts corrosion particle migration experiments in multi-bend heat transfer sections. The experiments provide a clear visual representation of the maximum deposition location of corrosion particles within the heat transfer tubes, highlighting the importance of monitoring this section in practical engineering, particularly regarding radiation dose rate, material loss, and corrosion status.

[0018] This invention can experimentally determine the distribution patterns of particulate corrosion products within heat transfer tubes, investigate the migration and deposition mechanisms of corrosion products in cooling circuits within heat transfer tubes, and examine the influence of magnetic field strength on the migration behavior of corrosion products. This provides a reference for corrosion product control and safety analysis in fusion reactors. The experimental apparatus and methods provided by this invention offer researchers the most intuitive data and serve as a reference for the design and engineering maintenance of cooling circuits in fusion reactors, as well as for corrosion product control and radiation safety assessment. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental apparatus for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment according to the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental section of the heat transfer tube.

[0021] The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Stirring device; 2. Water tank; 3. Deionized water and Fe3O4 particles; 4. First control switch; 5. Buffer section; 6. Water pump; 7. Gate valve; 8. Pressure gauge; 9. Flow meter; 10. Superconducting magnet; 11. Heat transfer tube experimental section; 12. Second control switch; 13. Bending section A; 14. Bending section B; 15. Straight section. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other. The invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] This invention is implemented as follows: In the experimental method for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment, the pressure in the experimental section is maintained at 15 MPa, the temperature at 300 ℃, and the magnetic field strength at 12 T using an autoclave and a superconducting magnet. During the experiment, the magnetic field and a circulation pump are activated, allowing deionized water and Fe3O4 particles to circulate in the experimental loop for 24 hours. After the experiment, the difference in particle mass before and after the experiment is measured, and the deposition of metal particles at different heat transfer tube sections is compared.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, the experimental apparatus for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment of the present invention comprises a stirring device 1, a water tank 2, deionized water and Fe3O4 particles 3, a first control switch 4, a buffer section 5, a water pump 6, a gate valve 7, a pressure gauge 8, a flow meter 9, a superconducting magnet 10, a heat transfer tube experimental section 11, and a second control switch 12. All devices and equipment are connected by 304 stainless steel pipes as the main pipelines. The stirring device 1, the deionized water, and the Fe3O4 particles 3 are arranged in the water tank 2. During the experiment, the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles 3 circulate within the experimental loop. The buffer section 5 is connected to the water tank 2 via a pipe. The first control switch 4 is located on the pipe between the water tank 2 and the buffer section 5. The water pump 6 is connected to the buffer section 5 via a pipe. The function of the water pump 6 is to pressurize and transport the deionized water, Fe3O4 particles 3, and metal particles. The gate valve 7 is connected to the water pump 6 via a pipe. The flow meter 9 and the pressure gauge 8 are located after the gate valve 7. The function of the flow meter 9 and the pressure gauge 8 is to collect the flow rate and pressure data of the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles 3, respectively. The heat transfer tube experimental section 11 is connected to the gate valve 7 and the water tank 2 via a pipe. The heat transfer tube experimental section 11 is placed in the superconducting magnet 10. The function of the superconducting magnet 10 is to provide the 12 T magnetic field environment required for the experiment. The second control switch 12 is located on the pipe between the water tank 2 and the superconducting magnet 10.

[0025] The system includes a water tank 2 for holding deionized water and Fe3O4 particles 3, a stirring device 1 to keep the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles 3 uniform, a buffer section 5 to reduce the pressure of the solution in the pipe, a first control switch 4 to control the flow rate of deionized water and Fe3O4 particles 3 in the pipe, a water pump 6 to drive the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles 3 to flow in the pipe, a gate valve 7 to control the opening and closing of the pipe, a pressure gauge 8 to measure the temperature of the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles 3 at this location, a flow meter 9 to measure the flow rate of the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles 3 at this location, a superconducting magnet 10 to generate a magnetic field at the experimental section 11 of the heat transfer tube, and a second control switch 12 to control the flow rate of deionized water and Fe3O4 particles 3 in the pipe.

[0026] The superconducting magnet 10 consists of a superconducting coil, a cooling system, and a teslameter or gaussmeter. The superconducting coil is made of wound superconducting wire and cooled using liquid helium. The superconducting coil encloses a cylindrical space with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 300 mm. When the superconducting coil is energized, a 12 T magnetic field environment parallel to the cylinder axis can be generated within this cylindrical space by adjusting the current intensity. The teslameter or gaussmeter is used to measure the magnetic field strength within the cylindrical space.

[0027] The water tank 2 is equipped with a stirring device 1, and a mixture of high-purity deionized water and Fe3O4 particles 3 is used for circulation. The circulating water in the experiment is high-purity deionized water (resistivity ≥15). The volume of circulating water is 0.25 m³. 3 Weigh out Fe3O4 particles with a purity >98% according to the experimental requirements.

[0028] like Figure 2 As shown, the heat transfer tube experimental section 11 consists of segmented heat transfer tubes, an autoclave, a sealing membrane, sealant, stainless steel pipes, and fasteners on the outside of the pipes. The segmented heat transfer tubes are made of 690 alloy, with an inner diameter of 10 mm and an outer diameter of 20 mm at each point. There are two bends: bend A 13 has a radius of 150 mm along the center of the pipe, and bend B 14 has a radius of 400 mm along the center of the pipe. The two bends are connected by a straight section 15 of 40 mm in length. The segmented heat transfer tubes are used to simulate the multi-bend design of the fusion reactor cooling loop, and the particle deposition distribution changes of bend A 13, bend B 14, and straight section 15 are compared experimentally. The autoclave is used to heat the circulating water and circulating particles in the pressurization loop, maintaining the experimental pressure and temperature at 15 MPa and 300 °C, respectively. A superconducting magnet is used to provide the magnetic field environment for the experimental section, maintaining the magnetic field strength at 12 T. The sealing film is used to prevent the sealant from contaminating the surface of the heat transfer tube. The sealant is used to seal any possible water leakage between the segmented heat transfer tubes. The outermost stainless steel tube serves to maintain the geometry and provide fixed support for the heat transfer tube. Fasteners are used to reinforce the experimental section of the heat transfer tube.

[0029] The heat transfer tube experimental section 11 is covered with a heat insulation layer and inserted into a cylindrical space with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 300 mm enclosed by the superconducting coil of the strong magnetic field generating device.

[0030] The measuring instruments include a flow meter 9 and a pressure gauge 8, used to monitor the flow rate and pressure of water in the circuit.

[0031] After the experiment, the difference in particle mass before and after the experiment was measured. The segmented heat transfer tube was cut open along the central axis using electric spark cutting. The distribution pattern of metal particles at different bend positions was observed and recorded.

[0032] The experimental method of the experimental apparatus for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0033] Step 1: Add 0.25 m³ of water to water tank 2. 3 High-purity deionized water and Fe3O4 particles weighed according to experimental needs;

[0034] Step 2: Turn on stirring device 1 and stir thoroughly for 1 hour;

[0035] Step 3: Turn on the current to the superconducting magnet 10 and wait for the magnetic field to rise to 12 T;

[0036] Step 4: Turn on water pump 6, turn on first control switch 4 and second control switch 12 to circulate high-purity deionized water and Fe3O4 particles in the loop for 24 hours.

[0037] Step 5: Turn off the current to the superconducting magnet 10 and the water pump 6, and remove the heat transfer tube experimental section 11 as experimental group A.

[0038] Step 6: Repeat steps 1-5 above, but without turning on the superconducting magnet current. After 24 hours of cycling, remove the heat transfer tube experimental section 11 as control group B.

[0039] Step 7: Organize and record experimental data, and analyze the data, including but not limited to: measuring the deposition amount of Fe3O4 particles in the bent sections A13, B14, and straight section 15, and recording the mass difference before and after each section; cutting the bent sections A13, B14, and straight section 15 along the central axis using electrical discharge machining, observing and recording the distribution pattern of Fe3O4 particles at different bend positions; comparing the experimental data of experimental group A and control group B, analyzing the influence of strong magnetic field on the migration and deposition of Fe3O4 particles, and studying the migration mechanism of metal corrosion particles in the bent sections A13, B14, and straight section 15 under strong magnetic field conditions.

[0040] like Figure 2 As shown, the segmented heat transfer tubes in experimental section 11 are made of 690 alloy, with an inner diameter of 10 mm and an outer diameter of 20 mm at each location. There are two bends: bend A 13 has a radius of 150 mm along the center of the tube, and bend B 14 has a radius of 400 mm along the center of the tube. The two bends are connected by a straight section 15 with a length of 40 mm. This segmented heat transfer tube is used to simulate the multi-bend design of a fusion reactor cooling circuit, and experiments compare the changes in particle deposition distribution at different tube sections. Experimental section 11 is covered with an insulation layer and inserted into a cylindrical space with a diameter of 100 mm and a height of 300 mm enclosed by the superconducting coil of the aforementioned strong magnetic field generating device.

[0041] In step 7, according to the experimental data measurement and analysis process, the steps for recording and processing experimental data are as follows:

[0042] (1) The deposition amount of Fe3O4 particles in each bend section was measured, and the recorded experimental data were the mass difference before and after the experiment in each section. .

[0043] (2) Use electrical discharge machining to cut the test section of the bent pipe along the central axis, observe and record the distribution pattern of Fe3O4 particles at different bend positions.

[0044] (3) Compare the experimental data of experimental group A and control group B, analyze the influence of strong magnetic field on the migration and deposition of Fe3O4 particles, and study the migration mechanism of metal corrosion particles in the bent pipe section under strong magnetic field environment.

[0045] This invention analyzes the influence of a strong magnetic field environment on the migration behavior of metal corrosion particles in a multi-bend heat transfer section by circulating high-purity deionized water and Fe3O4 particles in an experimental loop for 24 hours, measuring the difference in particle mass before and after the experiment, and comparing the particle deposition at different heat transfer pipe sections. In the above experimental method, the high-purity deionized water can be modified to other circulating water with specific pH values ​​and other water chemistry conditions; the Fe3O4 particles can be modified to other combinations of metal oxide particles with specific components; the particle size / flow rate of the working fluid / diameter of the metal pipe / number, radius, and curvature ratio of the bends can be adjusted according to specific experimental needs to more closely approximate the actual operating conditions of a fusion reactor, or to study the influence of different factors on the migration behavior of metal corrosion particles, as well as the particle size range, magnetic field strength, and bend diameter corresponding to the maximum deposition amount. This invention, targeting the operating environment and strong magnetic field characteristics of fusion reactors, conducted corrosion particle migration experiments in multi-bend heat transfer sections. The experiments provide a clear visual representation of the maximum deposition location of corrosion particles within the heat transfer tubes, indicating that this section deserves significant attention in practical engineering, particularly for monitoring radiation dose rate, material loss, and corrosion status. These results provide researchers with intuitive data and offer valuable insights for the design and maintenance of cooling circuits in fusion reactors, as well as for corrosion product control and radiation safety assessment.

[0046] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the quantity, orientation, or positional relationship of the components shown in the accompanying drawings are merely for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific quantity, a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. In this invention, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances. Although specific implementation methods of the invention have been described above, those skilled in the art should understand that these are merely illustrative examples. Various changes or modifications can be made to these implementations without departing from the principles and implementation of the invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An experimental apparatus for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment, characterized in that, The system includes a stirring device, a water tank, deionized water and Fe3O4 particles, a first control switch, a buffer section, a water pump, a gate valve, a pressure gauge, a flow meter, a superconducting magnet, a heat transfer tube experimental section, and a second control switch. All devices and equipment are connected via 304 stainless steel pipes as the main pipeline. The stirring device and the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles are located inside the water tank, and during the experiment, the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles circulate within the experimental loop. The buffer section is connected to the water tank via a pipeline. The first control switch is located on the pipeline between the water tank and the buffer section. The water pump is connected via a pipeline... The buffer section includes a water pump that pressurizes and transports the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles. A gate valve and the water pump are connected via a pipeline. A flow meter and a pressure gauge are located downstream of the gate valve, respectively collecting flow rate and pressure data for the deionized water and Fe3O4 particles. The heat transfer tube experimental section is connected to the gate valve and the water tank via a pipeline. The heat transfer tube experimental section is placed inside the superconducting magnet, which provides the required 12T magnetic field environment for the experiment. The second control switch is located on the pipeline between the water tank and the superconducting magnet. The heat transfer tube experimental section includes segmented heat transfer tubes, an autoclave, a sealing membrane, sealant, stainless steel tubes, and fasteners on the outside of the tubes; the segmented heat transfer tubes are made of 690 alloy, with an inner diameter of 10 mm and an outer diameter of 20 mm at each point, and have two bends: bend A has a radius of 150 mm along the center of the tube, and bend B has a radius of 400 mm along the center of the tube, and the two bends are connected by a straight section of 40 mm in length. The superconducting magnet consists of a superconducting coil, a cooling system, and a teslameter or gaussmeter; Superconducting coils are made by winding superconducting wires and are cooled using liquid helium; A superconducting coil encloses a cylindrical space; after the superconducting coil is energized, a 12 T magnetic field environment parallel to the cylindrical axis is generated in the cylindrical space by adjusting the current intensity.

2. The experimental apparatus for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water tank is equipped with a stirring device, and a mixture of high-purity deionized water and Fe3O4 particles is added to the water tank for circulation.

3. The experimental apparatus for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The circulating water used in the experiment was high-purity deionized water with a resistivity ≥15 MΩ·cm, and the circulating water volume was 0.25 m³. 3 Weigh out Fe3O4 particles with a purity >98% according to the experimental requirements.

4. The experimental apparatus for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The segmented heat transfer tubes are used to simulate the multi-bend design of the fusion reactor cooling loop. The experiment compares the changes in particle deposition distribution in the bend section A, bend section B, and straight section. The autoclave is used to heat the circulating water and circulating particles in the pressurization loop, maintaining the experimental pressure and temperature at 15 MPa and 300℃, respectively. The superconducting magnet is used to provide the magnetic field environment for the experimental section, maintaining the magnetic field strength at 12 T. The outermost stainless steel tubes maintain the geometry and provide fixed support for the heat transfer tubes, and fasteners are used to reinforce the experimental section of the heat transfer tubes.

5. The experimental method of the experimental apparatus for the migration of corrosion products in a strong magnetic field environment according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Add 0.25 m³ of water to the tank. 3 High-purity deionized water and Fe3O4 particles weighed according to experimental needs; Step 2: Turn on the stirring device and stir thoroughly for 1 hour; Step 3: Turn on the current to the superconducting magnet and wait for the magnetic field to stabilize and increase to 12 T; Step 4: Turn on the water pump, turn on the first control switch and the second control switch to circulate the high-purity deionized water and Fe3O4 particles in the loop for 24 hours. Step 5: Turn off the current to the superconducting magnet and the water pump, and remove the heat transfer tube experimental section as experimental group A; Step 6: Repeat steps 1-5, but without turning on the superconducting magnet current. After 24 hours of cycling, remove the heat transfer tube experimental section as control group B. Step 7: Organize and record the experimental data, and then analyze it.

6. The experimental method according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step 7 includes: measuring the deposition amount of Fe3O4 particles in the bent section A, bent section B, and straight section, and recording the experimental data as the mass difference before and after the experiment in each section; cutting the bent section A, bent section B, and straight section along the central axis using electrical discharge machining, observing and recording the distribution pattern of Fe3O4 particles at different bend positions; comparing the experimental data of experimental group A and control group B, analyzing the influence of strong magnetic field on the migration and deposition of Fe3O4 particles, and studying the migration mechanism of metal corrosion particles in the bent section A, bent section B, and straight section under strong magnetic field environment.

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