Pinyin letter coding and decoding method and system
By encoding and decoding the pinyin letters and using bit operations to obtain pinyin encoding and decoding, the problem of difficulty in identifying pinyin input errors is solved, and the effect of rapid identification and correction of errors is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411820331.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-11
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-18
AI Technical Summary
After the existing pinyin input method, many input errors are often found after input, and the inability to quickly identify pinyin errors can lead to the inability to accurately output the correct Chinese characters.
By encoding the pinyin letters into numbers and storing the pinyin letters with 8 bytes and 64-bit long integer types, a letter bit chart is constructed, the initial consonant and final vowel are encoded, the proofreading numbers of the initial consonant and final vowel are obtained, and the encoding and decoding of the pinyin letters are obtained through bit operations.
It realizes rapid recognition of pinyin input errors, improves the efficiency of pinyin comparison, and can correct misaligned letters without increasing the time spent.
Smart Images
Figure CN119647411A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of encoding and decoding, and in particular to an encoding and decoding method and system for phonetic letters. Background Art
[0002] With the development of society and the popularization of computers, the pinyin input of Chinese characters has become increasingly important to people's lives, work and studies.
[0003] The pinyin input method for Chinese characters is simple and easy to learn, although most people know Chinese pinyin, but after inputting, many input errors are often found, such as "zhuang" is input as "zhunag", and the pinyin error cannot be quickly identified, resulting in the inability to accurately output the correct Chinese characters. Summary of the invention
[0004] Based on this, the present invention provides a method for encoding and decoding pinyin letters to solve the problem of how to quickly identify pinyin input errors.
[0005] The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for encoding and decoding phonetic letters, comprising:
[0006] Encode the phonetic letter into a number and store the phonetic letter using an 8-byte 64-bit long integer type;
[0007] 26 pinyin letters are encoded using 32 bits to construct a letter bitmap table;
[0008] Encode the initial consonants and finals respectively based on the letter bitmap table to obtain initial consonant proofreading numbers and final proofreading numbers;
[0009] Sequentially read the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonant part and the final consonant part of the pinyin letter, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonants and the initial consonant proofreading numbers one by one, obtain the initial consonant code, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the final consonants and the final consonant proofreading numbers one by one, obtain the final consonant code, and obtain the pinyin letter code based on the initial consonant code and the final consonant code;
[0010] The pinyin letter code is respectively ANDed with the initial consonant proofreading number and the final consonant proofreading number to obtain the initial consonant code and the final consonant code, and the final consonant code is compared with the final consonant table to obtain the pinyin letter.
[0011] The specific operation of storing the pinyin letters using the 8-byte 64-bit long integer type includes:
[0012] A 64-bit long integer type is used to store the initial consonant part and the final consonant part of the pinyin letter, wherein the initial consonant part is identified by the upper 32 bits of the long integer, and the final consonant part is identified by the lower 32 bits of the long integer.
[0013] The acquisition of the initial consonant proofreading digits includes:
[0014] Initial consonant proofreading digits include the first initial consonant proofreading digit and the second initial consonant proofreading digit;
[0015] Encode the initial consonant according to the letter bit table to obtain an initial consonant coding table, and perform an OR operation on all the bits in the initial consonant coding table to obtain a first initial consonant proofreading number X1;
[0016] When the initial consonant is a retroflex consonant, the bit corresponding to the retroflex consonant is marked as 1, and the second initial consonant proofreading number X2 is obtained.
[0017] The acquisition of the final decoding digits includes:
[0018] The finals are encoded according to the letter bit table to obtain a final encoding table, all finals begin with a, o, e, i, u, ü, and the 23rd to 28th bits corresponding to a, o, e, i, u, ü are marked as 1 respectively, and the complex finals are encoded again, and all bits in the final table are ORed to obtain the final proofreading number X3.
[0019] The specific operation of the initial consonant encoding includes:
[0020] Read the bitmap code corresponding to the first letter of the pinyin letter, and perform an AND operation on the bitmap code corresponding to the first letter and the first initial consonant proofreading number X1 to obtain a first operation result;
[0021] If the result of the first operation is 0, the pinyin letter has no initial consonant;
[0022] If the first operation result is not 0, then read the bitmap code corresponding to the second letter and perform an OR operation with the bitmap code corresponding to the first letter to obtain a second operation result;
[0023] Perform an AND operation on the second operation result and the second initial consonant calibration number X2 to obtain a third operation result;
[0024] If the result of the third operation is 0, the first letter is an initial consonant, and a 32-bit initial consonant code is obtained;
[0025] If the third operation result is not 0, the second operation result is an initial consonant, and a 32-bit initial consonant code is obtained.
[0026] The specific operation of the final encoding includes:
[0027] Read the first letter of the vowel part, and initialize the vowel part according to the phonetic code of a, o, e, i, u, ü;
[0028] All characters of the final part are read in sequence to obtain a 32-bit final code.
[0029] The acquisition of the pinyin letters includes:
[0030] Perform an AND operation on the pinyin code and the final verification number X3 to obtain a final code, and compare the final code with the final code table to obtain a final;
[0031] Shift the pinyin code right by 32 bits and perform an AND operation with the first initial consonant proofreading number X1 to obtain an initial consonant code, and compare the initial consonant code with the initial consonant code table to obtain an initial consonant;
[0032] The initial consonant and the final vowel are combined to obtain the pinyin letter.
[0033] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for encoding and decoding phonetic letters, comprising:
[0034] A storage module, used for encoding a phonetic letter into a number and storing the phonetic letter using an 8-byte 64-bit long integer type;
[0035] A proofreading digit acquisition module is used to encode 26 pinyin letters using 32 bits to construct a letter bitmap table; based on the letter bitmap table, initial consonants and finals are respectively encoded to obtain proofreading digits for initial consonants and finals;
[0036] The encoding module is used to sequentially read the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonant part and the final consonant part of the pinyin letter, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonants and the initial consonant proofreading numbers one by one to obtain the initial consonant codes, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the final consonants and the final consonant proofreading numbers one by one to obtain the final consonant codes, and obtain the pinyin letter codes based on the initial consonant codes and the final consonant codes;
[0037] The decoding module is used to perform AND operations on the pinyin letter code with the initial consonant proofreading number and the final consonant proofreading number to obtain the initial consonant code and the final consonant code, and compare the final consonant code with the final consonant table to obtain the pinyin letter.
[0038] A third aspect of the present invention provides a device, comprising:
[0039] processor;
[0040] a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;
[0041] The processor is configured to call the instructions stored in the memory to execute the method described above.
[0042] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer program instructions implement the above-described method when executed by a processor.
[0043] Beneficial effect: The present invention encodes pinyin letters into numbers through simple bit operations, which is more efficient than pinyin strings. The use of bit operations to obtain encoding and decoding can achieve rapid identification of pinyin input errors.
[0044] It should be understood that the contents described in this section are not intended to identify the key or important features of the embodiments of the present invention, nor are they intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Other features of the present invention will become easily understood through the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0045] The accompanying drawings are used to better understand the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.
[0046] Figure 1 is a flow chart provided according to the present invention;
[0047] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a letter bitmap table provided according to the present invention;
[0048] Figure 3 It is the initial consonant coding representation provided by the present invention;
[0049] Figure 4 It is a coding representation of the finals provided by the present invention;
[0050] Figure 5 It is a comparison diagram of encoding and decoding time of the pinyin "zhuang" provided by the present invention;
[0051] Figure 6 It is a comparison diagram of the encoding and decoding time of the pinyin "a" provided according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0052] The following is a description of exemplary embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, including various details of the embodiments of the present invention to facilitate understanding, which should be considered as merely exemplary. Therefore, it should be recognized by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes and modifications may be made to the embodiments described herein without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention. Similarly, for clarity and conciseness, the description of well-known functions and structures is omitted in the following description.
[0053] The first aspect of the present invention provides a method for encoding and decoding phonetic letters, comprising:
[0054] S1: Encode the phonetic letter into a number and store the phonetic letter using an 8-byte 64-bit long integer type. It should be noted that:
[0055] The specific operation of storing the pinyin letters using the 8-byte 64-bit long integer type includes:
[0056] A 64-bit long integer type is used to store the initial consonant part and the final consonant part of the pinyin letter, wherein the initial consonant part is identified by the upper 32 bits of the long integer, and the final consonant part is identified by the lower 32 bits of the long integer.
[0057] In the pinyin letters, the longest initial consonant part is 2 letters, the longest final part is 4 letters, and the longest part is 6 letters in total, so the pinyin letters are stored using an 8-byte 64-bit long integer type.
[0058] S2: Encode the 26 pinyin letters using 32 bits to construct a letter bitmap table (such as Figure 2 It should be noted that:
[0059] One letter can only correspond to one bit.
[0060] S3: Encode the initial consonants and finals respectively based on the letter bitmap table to obtain the initial consonant proofreading numbers and final proofreading numbers. It should be noted that:
[0061] The acquisition of the initial consonant proofreading digits includes:
[0062] Initial consonant proofreading digits include the first initial consonant proofreading digit and the second initial consonant proofreading digit;
[0063] The initial consonant is encoded according to the letter bitmap table to obtain an initial consonant encoding table (such as Figure 3 As shown), perform an OR operation on all the bits in the initial consonant code table to obtain the first initial consonant proofreading number X1;
[0064] like Figure 3 As shown, X1 is 0x034FBEEE, which is used to implement fast encoding and decoding operations of initial consonants.
[0065] When the initial consonant is a retroflex consonant, the bit corresponding to the retroflex consonant is marked as 1, and the second initial consonant proofreading number X2 is obtained.
[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, X2 is 0x02040084, which is used to determine whether the initial consonant is a retroflex consonant.
[0067] The acquisition of the final decoding digits includes:
[0068] The finals are encoded according to the letter bit table to obtain a final encoding table, all finals begin with a, o, e, i, u, ü, and the 23rd to 28th bits corresponding to a, o, e, i, u, ü are marked as 1 respectively, and the complex finals are encoded again, and all bits in the final table are ORed to obtain the final proofreading number X3.
[0069] like Figure 4 As shown, X3 is 0x1FB26151, which is used to implement fast encoding and decoding operations of finals.
[0070] S4: Read the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonant part and the final consonant part of the pinyin letter in sequence, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonants and the initial consonant proofreading numbers one by one, obtain the initial consonant code, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the final consonants and the final consonant proofreading numbers one by one, obtain the final consonant code, and obtain the pinyin letter code based on the initial consonant code and the final consonant code. It should be noted that:
[0071] The specific operation of the initial consonant encoding includes:
[0072] Read the bitmap code corresponding to the first letter of the pinyin letter, and perform an AND operation on the bitmap code corresponding to the first letter and the first initial consonant proofreading number X1 to obtain a first operation result;
[0073] If the result of the first operation is 0, the pinyin letter has no initial consonant;
[0074] If the first operation result is not 0, then read the bitmap code corresponding to the second letter and perform an OR operation with the bitmap code corresponding to the first letter to obtain a second operation result;
[0075] Perform an AND operation on the second operation result and the second initial consonant calibration number X2 to obtain a third operation result;
[0076] If the result of the third operation is 0, the first letter is an initial consonant, and a 32-bit initial consonant code is obtained;
[0077] If the third operation result is not 0, the second operation result is an initial consonant, and a 32-bit initial consonant code is obtained.
[0078] The specific operation of the final encoding includes:
[0079] Read the first letter of the vowel part, and initialize the vowel part according to the phonetic code of a, o, e, i, u, ü;
[0080] All characters of the final part are read in sequence to obtain a 32-bit final code.
[0081] The encoding of finals is relatively complex. For example, although the pinyin of "luo" and "lou" are different, they express completely different things. Through the analysis of finals, it is found that all finals begin with 6 different single vowels a, o, e, i, u, ü. In addition to these 6 letters, the final part also contains three letters r, n, and g, a total of 9 letters. The 6 bits 23-28 are marked as 1 corresponding to the first 6 single vowels, so a non-repeating final encoding table is obtained. Figure 4 .
[0082] S5: Perform AND operations on the pinyin letter code, the initial consonant proofreading number and the final consonant proofreading number to obtain the initial consonant code and the final consonant code, and compare the final consonant code with the final consonant table to obtain the pinyin letter. It should be noted that:
[0083] The acquisition of the pinyin letters includes:
[0084] Perform an AND operation on the pinyin code and the final verification number X3 to obtain a final code, and compare the final code with the final code table to obtain a final;
[0085] Shift the pinyin code right by 32 bits and perform an AND operation with the first initial consonant proofreading number X1 to obtain an initial consonant code, and compare the initial consonant code with the initial consonant code table to obtain an initial consonant;
[0086] The initial consonant and the final vowel are combined to obtain the pinyin letter.
[0087] To encode and decode the pinyin letters, in order to achieve efficient and fast conversion operations, bit operations are used to obtain encoding and decoding. The algorithm idea can be transplanted to simple logic circuits to achieve fast encoding and decoding.
[0088] The second aspect of the present invention provides a method for encoding and decoding phonetic letters, comprising:
[0089] A storage module, used for encoding a phonetic letter into a number and storing the phonetic letter using an 8-byte 64-bit long integer type;
[0090] A proofreading digit acquisition module is used to encode 26 pinyin letters using 32 bits to construct a letter bitmap table; based on the letter bitmap table, initial consonants and finals are respectively encoded to obtain proofreading digits for initial consonants and finals;
[0091] The encoding module is used to sequentially read the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonant part and the final consonant part of the pinyin letter, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonants and the initial consonant proofreading numbers one by one to obtain the initial consonant codes, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the final consonants and the final consonant proofreading numbers one by one to obtain the final consonant codes, and obtain the pinyin letter codes based on the initial consonant codes and the final consonant codes;
[0092] The decoding module is used to perform AND operations on the pinyin letter code with the initial consonant proofreading number and the final consonant proofreading number to obtain the initial consonant code and the final consonant code, and compare the final consonant code with the final consonant table to obtain the pinyin letter.
[0093] A third aspect of the present invention provides a device, comprising:
[0094] processor;
[0095] a memory for storing processor-executable instructions;
[0096] The processor is configured to call the instructions stored in the memory to execute the method described above.
[0097] A fourth aspect of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, wherein the computer program instructions implement the above-described method when executed by a processor.
[0098] The reference algorithm is designed with 8 bytes, each byte contains a letter in Pinyin. The ASCII code of the letter is written as a number from high to low in the corresponding byte, and the 8 bytes are converted into a 64-bit integer as the code. The decoding reads the data of each byte separately and obtains the letter by comparing it with the ASCII code table.
[0099] The test case uses the longest pinyin "zhuang" and the shortest final pinyin "a" to perform 10 million encoding and decoding operations respectively to compare the response efficiency and time. Figure 5 , 6 shown.
[0100] It only takes 368 milliseconds to encode and decode the vowel pinyin "a" 10 million times, and it only takes 766 milliseconds to encode and decode the longest pinyin "zhuang" 10 million times. Compared with the reference algorithm, the encoding and decoding method adopted by the present invention can correct the problem of disordered pinyin. For example, if "zhuang" is input as "zhunag", the algorithm can correct the misplaced letters without increasing the time consumed. The reference algorithm cannot correct the misplacement. If it is corrected by traversal, the decoding time of the reference algorithm will increase.
[0101] In the several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic, for example, the division of the modules or units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another device, or some features can be ignored or not executed.
[0102] The units may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may be one physical unit or multiple physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed in multiple different places. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the present embodiment.
[0103] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units.
[0104] If the integrated unit is implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as an independent product, it can be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a device (which can be a single-chip microcomputer, chip, etc.) or a processor (processor) to perform all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present invention. The aforementioned storage medium includes: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.
[0105] The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
Claims
1. A method for encoding and decoding phonetic letters, characterized in that: include: Encode the phonetic letter into a number and store the phonetic letter using an 8-byte 64-bit long integer type; 26 pinyin letters are encoded using 32 bits to construct a letter bitmap table; Encode the initial consonants and finals respectively based on the letter bitmap table to obtain initial consonant proofreading numbers and final proofreading numbers; Sequentially read the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonant part and the final consonant part of the pinyin letter, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonants and the initial consonant proofreading numbers one by one, obtain the initial consonant code, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the final consonants and the final consonant proofreading numbers one by one, obtain the final consonant code, and obtain the pinyin letter code based on the initial consonant code and the final consonant code; The pinyin letter code is respectively ANDed with the initial consonant proofreading number and the final consonant proofreading number to obtain the initial consonant code and the final consonant code, and the final consonant code is compared with the final consonant table to obtain the pinyin letter.
2. A method for encoding and decoding phonetic letters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific operation of storing the pinyin letters using the 8-byte 64-bit long integer type includes: A 64-bit long integer type is used to store the initial consonant part and the final consonant part of the pinyin letter, wherein the initial consonant part is identified by the upper 32 bits of the long integer, and the final consonant part is identified by the lower 32 bits of the long integer.
3. A method for encoding and decoding phonetic letters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The acquisition of the initial consonant proofreading digits includes: Initial consonant proofreading digits include the first initial consonant proofreading digit and the second initial consonant proofreading digit; Encode the initial consonants according to the letter bit table to obtain an initial consonant coding table, and perform an OR operation on all the bits in the initial consonant coding table to obtain a first initial consonant proofreading number X1; When the initial consonant is a retroflex consonant, the bit corresponding to the retroflex consonant is marked as 1, and the second initial consonant proofreading number X2 is obtained.
4. A method for encoding and decoding phonetic letters according to claim 3, characterized in that: The acquisition of the final decoding digits includes: The finals are encoded according to the letter bit table to obtain a final encoding table, all finals begin with a, o, e, i, u, ü, and the 23rd to 28th bits corresponding to a, o, e, i, u, ü are marked as 1 respectively, and the complex finals are encoded again, and all bits in the final table are ORed to obtain the final proofreading number X3.
5. A method for encoding and decoding phonetic letters according to claim 4, characterized in that: The specific operation of the initial consonant encoding includes: Read the bitmap code corresponding to the first letter of the pinyin letter, and perform an AND operation on the bitmap code corresponding to the first letter and the first initial consonant proofreading number X1 to obtain a first operation result; If the result of the first operation is 0, the pinyin letter has no initial consonant part; If the first operation result is not 0, then read the bitmap code corresponding to the second letter and perform an OR operation with the bitmap code corresponding to the first letter to obtain a second operation result; Perform an AND operation on the second operation result and the second initial consonant calibration number X2 to obtain a third operation result; If the result of the third operation is 0, the first letter is an initial consonant, and a 32-bit initial consonant code is obtained; If the third operation result is not 0, the second operation result is an initial consonant, and a 32-bit initial consonant code is obtained.
6. A method for encoding and decoding phonetic letters according to claim 5, characterized in that: The specific operation of the final encoding includes: Read the first letter of the vowel part, and initialize the vowel part according to the phonetic code of a, o, e, i, u, ü; All characters of the final part are read in sequence to obtain a 32-bit final code.
7. A method for encoding and decoding phonetic letters according to claim 4 or 6, characterized in that: The acquisition of the pinyin letters includes: Perform an AND operation on the pinyin code and the final proofreading number X3 to obtain a final code, and compare the final code with the final code table to obtain a final; Shift the pinyin code right by 32 bits and perform an AND operation with the first initial consonant proofreading number X1 to obtain an initial consonant code, and compare the initial consonant code with the initial consonant code table to obtain an initial consonant; The initial consonant and the final vowel are combined to obtain the pinyin letter.
8. A system based on the encoding and decoding method of phonetic letters according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: A storage module, used for encoding a phonetic letter into a number and storing the phonetic letter using an 8-byte 64-bit long integer type; A proofreading digit acquisition module is used to encode 26 pinyin letters using 32 bits to construct a letter bitmap table; based on the letter bitmap table, initial consonants and finals are respectively encoded to obtain proofreading digits for initial consonants and finals; The encoding module is used to sequentially read the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonant part and the final consonant part of the pinyin letter, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the initial consonants and the initial consonant proofreading numbers one by one to obtain the initial consonant codes, perform AND operations on the bitmap codes corresponding to the final consonants and the final consonant proofreading numbers one by one to obtain the final consonant codes, and obtain the pinyin letter codes based on the initial consonant codes and the final consonant codes; The decoding module is used to perform AND operations on the pinyin letter code with the initial consonant proofreading number and the final consonant proofreading number to obtain the initial consonant code and the final consonant code, and compare the final consonant code with the final consonant table to obtain the pinyin letter.
9. A device, characterized in that: include: processor; a memory for storing processor-executable instructions; The processor is configured to call the instructions stored in the memory to execute the method described in any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium having computer program instructions stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program instructions are executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.