Antenna module, laminated assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to an antenna module, a laminated assembly and a vehicle, currents on two feed branches of a dipole antenna in the antenna module go in and out respectively, so that the currents on the two feed branches of the same dipole antenna are in the same phase, and the currents on two radiation branches are in the same direction and in the same phase. The currents on the radiation branches of the plurality of dipole antennas are in the same phase and are transmitted along the same direction, an annularly distributed radiation branch is constructed, and when an excitation signal is accessed to the feed port, a current loop is formed on the plurality of radiation branches so as to support an annular current resonance mode at a target frequency band. The planar antenna can be arranged on any non-conductor planar substrate, when the antenna module is applied to a vehicle, metal arrangement such as a vehicle bumper can be avoided, a single antenna module can support omnidirectional radiation of a target frequency band, the number of the antenna modules is reduced, and the antenna cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of radio frequency technology, and in particular to an antenna module, a laminated component and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Traditional vehicle-mounted Bluetooth antennas are generally board-mounted antennas, which are often located at the vehicle's bumper. Due to the reflection of the metal plate on the vehicle body at the bumper, the Bluetooth antenna at this location has a large blind spot. Usually 4-5 Bluetooth anchor points are required to achieve omnidirectional coverage, and the antenna cost is high. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a low-cost antenna module, a laminated component and a vehicle.

[0004] In a first aspect, an antenna module is provided, comprising:

[0005] At least two dipole antennas, each dipole antenna comprising at least one pair of symmetrically arranged antenna arms, each antenna arm having a feeding point, a feeding branch connected to the feeding point, and a radiating branch connected to an end of the feeding branch away from the feeding point, and the radiating branches of the plurality of antenna arms are distributed in a ring shape;

[0006] Feed port, the positive and negative electrodes of the feed port are respectively connected to the corresponding feeding points; the feed port is used to access the excitation signal to support the radiating branches of the antenna module to support the circular current resonance mode in the target frequency band.

[0007] In one embodiment, the radiating branches are arc-shaped, straight-line-shaped or polygonal-shaped.

[0008] In one embodiment, the antenna module further includes:

[0009] An impedance structure is connected to the feeding port, and a resonant frequency of the impedance structure matches a target frequency band.

[0010] In one embodiment, the impedance structure is connected to the feeding port to form a gap.

[0011] In one embodiment, the radiation branch supports a 1 / 4λ to 1 / 2λ resonance mode of the target frequency band; and / or the feeding branch supports a 1 / 4λ resonance mode of the target frequency band, wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the target frequency band.

[0012] In one embodiment, the two antenna arms of each dipole antenna are arranged axially symmetrically.

[0013] In one embodiment, the antenna module further includes:

[0014] A plurality of parasitic branches are respectively coupled with the plurality of radiation branches.

[0015] In the second aspect, a stacked component is provided, comprising: a substrate, and the above-mentioned antenna module; the antenna module is arranged on the substrate, and the feeding branch and the radiation branch are respectively arranged on different layers of the stacked component, or the feeding branch and the radiation branch are arranged on the same layer of the stacked component.

[0016] In one embodiment, the substrate comprises:

[0017] a first transparent substrate;

[0018] A second transparent substrate, the second transparent substrate is arranged farther away from the ambient light than the first transparent substrate;

[0019] The antenna module is arranged between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate.

[0020] In a third aspect, a vehicle is provided, comprising the above-mentioned laminated assembly.

[0021] The above antenna module, laminated assembly and vehicle have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The currents on the two feeding branches of the dipole antenna are in one direction and out the other. Therefore, the currents on the two feeding branches of the same dipole antenna are in phase, the currents on the two radiating branches are in the same direction and in phase, and the currents on the radiating branches of multiple dipole antennas are in phase and transmitted in the same direction, constructing a circularly distributed radiating branch. When the feeding port is connected to the excitation signal, a current loop is formed on multiple radiating branches to support the circular current resonance mode in the target frequency band. That is, the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application can be arranged on a substrate by a planar antenna. When applied to a vehicle, it does not need to be arranged in a position such as a vehicle bumper. The distribution of the antenna module can be achieved based on any non-conductive planar substrate on the vehicle body to avoid the influence of metal reflections such as vehicle bumpers. At this time, only a single antenna module needs to be arranged to achieve omnidirectional radiation in the target frequency band, which can reduce the number of antenna modules and reduce costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the conventional technology, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stacked assembly of one or more embodiments;

[0025] Figure 2 A partial schematic diagram of a stacked assembly of one or more embodiments;

[0026] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Schematic diagram of current distribution in the antenna module;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 The standing wave ratio curve of the antenna module;

[0028] Figure 5 It is a horizontal cross-sectional diagram of the vertical polarization and horizontal polarization of the antenna when the antenna module is placed horizontally at 2.45GHz;

[0029] Figure 6 It is the horizontal plane average gain distribution diagram in the Bluetooth frequency band when the antenna module is placed horizontally;

[0030] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module of one or more embodiments;

[0031] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module of one or more embodiments;

[0032] Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of the structure of an antenna module of one or more embodiments;

[0033] Fig.10 A schematic diagram of the structure of a stacked assembly of one or more embodiments;

[0034] Fig.11 A cross-sectional view of a stacked assembly of one or more embodiments;

[0035] Fig.12 A schematic diagram of a vehicle structure of one or more embodiments;

[0036] Fig.13 One of the schematic diagrams of the distribution of antenna modules of one or more embodiments on the sunroof glass of a vehicle;

[0037] Fig.14 The second schematic diagram of the distribution of antenna modules of one or more embodiments on the sunroof glass of a vehicle;

[0038] Fig.15 The third schematic diagram of the distribution of antenna modules of one or more embodiments on the sunroof glass of a vehicle;

[0039] Fig.16 The fourth schematic diagram is a distribution diagram of antenna modules on a sunroof glass of a vehicle according to one or more embodiments.

[0040] Description of reference numerals:

[0041] 1. Vehicle; 100. Laminated component; 10. Substrate; 120. First transparent substrate; 130. Second transparent substrate; 20. Antenna module; 21. Dipole antenna; 22. Feed port; 23. Impedance structure; 231. Gap; 200. Vehicle body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to facilitate understanding of the present application, the present application will be described more fully below with reference to the relevant drawings. Embodiments of the present application are provided in the drawings. However, the present application can be implemented in many different forms and is not limited to the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, the purpose of providing these embodiments is to make the disclosure of the present application more thorough and comprehensive.

[0043] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this application.

[0044] It is understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in this application can be used in this article to describe various elements, but these elements are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish a first element from another element. For example, without departing from the scope of this application, the first transparent substrate can be referred to as the second transparent substrate, and similarly, the second transparent substrate can be referred to as the first transparent substrate. Both the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate are transparent substrates, but they are not the same transparent substrate.

[0045] It is understood that “plurality” refers to two or more than two, and “at least a portion of an element” refers to a portion or all of an element.

[0046] When used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "said / the" may also include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the terms "include / comprise" or "have" and the like specify the presence of stated features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not exclude the possibility of the presence or addition of one or more other features, wholes, steps, operations, components, parts, or combinations thereof. At the same time, the term "and / or" used in this specification includes any and all combinations of the relevant listed items.

[0047] In one embodiment, an antenna module is provided, such as Figure 1 As shown, the antenna module 20 includes at least two dipole antennas 21 and a feeding port 22 .

[0048] Each dipole antenna 21 includes at least one pair of symmetrically arranged antenna arms (for example, antenna arm 211 and antenna arm 212 in the figure), such as Figure 2 As shown, the description is given when there are two dipole antennas 21. Each dipole antenna 21 has a feeding point (a positive feeding point and a negative feeding point) and a feeding branch (e.g. Figure 1 1, 3, 6, 8 in the feed point), and a radiating branch connected to the end of the feed branch away from the feed point (for example, Figure 1 The radiation branches of multiple antenna arms are distributed in a ring shape (branch 2, 5, 4, 7).

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, the positive pole + and the negative pole - of the feeding port 22 are respectively connected to the positive feeding point and the negative feeding point; the feeding port 22 is used to access the excitation signal to support the radiating branches of the antenna module 20 to support the circular current resonance mode in the target frequency band.

[0050] Among them, a single dipole antenna can be formed by bending and then rotating to form a feeding branch and a radiating branch, and a current loop is constructed based on the radiating branch to support omnidirectional radiation. In order to better illustrate the implementation process of the stacked component provided in the embodiment of the present application, here, as shown in Figure 1 The following structure is used as an example to illustrate:

[0051] The antenna module 20 includes two dipole antennas 21 , and each dipole antenna 21 includes an antenna arm 211 and an antenna arm 212 that are symmetrically arranged.

[0052] The antenna arm 211 of one dipole antenna 21 includes a feeding branch 1 and a radiating branch 2, and the other antenna arm 212 includes a feeding branch 3 and a radiating branch 4. The currents on the feeding branch 1 and the feeding branch 3 are one in and one out, so the currents on the feeding branch 1 and the feeding branch 3 are in phase, and the currents on the radiating branch 2 and the radiating branch 4 are in phase clockwise (e.g. Figure 3 as shown).

[0053] Similarly, the antenna arm 211 of another dipole antenna 21 includes a radiating branch 7 and a feeding branch 8, and the antenna arm 212 includes a radiating branch 5 and a feeding branch 6. The currents on the feeding branch 6 and the feeding branch 8 are in phase, and the currents on the radiating branch 5 and the radiating branch 7 are in phase. The radiating branches 2, 5, 4 and 7 are distributed in a ring shape as a whole. Therefore, when the feeding port 22 is connected to the excitation signal, a current ring is formed on the radiating branches 2, 5, 4 and 7 to support the ring current resonance mode in the target frequency band. That is, the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize omnidirectional radiation in the target frequency band.

[0054] When the antenna module is used in a vehicle, it does not need to be set in a position such as a vehicle bumper. The distribution of the antenna module can be achieved based on any non-conductive plane substrate of the laminated component on the vehicle body to avoid the influence of metal reflections such as vehicle bumpers. Only a single antenna module needs to be set to achieve omnidirectional radiation in the target frequency band, which can reduce the total number of antenna modules in the application scenario and reduce costs.

[0055] Taking the target frequency band as the Bluetooth frequency band as an example, a test is performed. The test results of the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application are as follows: Figure 4-Figure 6 See the Figure 4 From the VSWR curve, we can see that the VSWR of the antenna module in the frequency range of 2.4GHz-2.5GHz is less than 2. This means that when the antenna module is connected to the excitation signal, the transmission efficiency in the target frequency band is high and the signal loss is small. Figure 5 As shown in the horizontal cross-sectional diagram of the vertical polarization and horizontal polarization of the antenna module when placed horizontally at 2.45GHz, it can be seen that the horizontal polarization of the antenna module is the main polarization, and the vertical polarization is the cross polarization (the blue curve is the radiation direction distribution of the Phi horizontal plane, and the red curve is the radiation direction distribution of the Theta vertical plane), and the cross-polarization ratio in the entire plane is greater than 30dB. This shows that the polarization purity of the antenna module is very high, that is, the antenna module can more effectively transmit and receive RF signals that match its designed polarization direction, and the cross-polarization interference is small, which is conducive to improving communication quality, reducing bit error rate, and thus improving overall communication performance.

[0056] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, when the antenna module is placed horizontally, the average omnidirectional gain in the horizontal plane at 2.45 GHz is 0.6 dBi ( Figure 6 The corresponding average gain of each frequency is shown in Table 1), and the antenna out-of-roundness is less than 4.5dB.

[0057] The average gain of 0.6dBi indicates that the radiation power of the antenna module in all directions in the horizontal plane is relatively uniform, without obvious directional deviation or uneven radiation intensity. This is conducive to ensuring consistent communication quality of the antenna module in all directions in the horizontal plane and improving communication stability and reliability.

[0058] Antenna non-circularity is an important indicator to measure the uniformity of radiation of an omnidirectional antenna in a plane. It indicates the degree of fluctuation of the radiation intensity of the antenna module in all directions in the plane. The antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application has a non-circularity of less than 4.5dB, which means that the radiation intensity of the antenna module in all directions in the plane is relatively uniform, and there is no obvious difference in radiation intensity, which is conducive to ensuring the consistent communication quality of the antenna module within the coverage range, reducing communication blind spots or weak signal areas caused by uneven radiation intensity, and improving communication quality.

[0059] Table 1

[0060]

[0061] By attaching Figure 4-Figure 6 As shown in Table 1, the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application can support omnidirectional radiation in the target frequency band and has excellent communication quality.

[0062] In one embodiment, the radiating branches are arc-shaped (e.g., Figure 1 arcs as shown), straight lines (e.g. Figure 7 straight lines as shown) or polygons.

[0063] When the radiating branches are arc-shaped, the annular distribution pattern formed by multiple radiating branches is circular or elliptical. When multiple radiating branches are circular or elliptical as a whole surrounding the feeding branch, there is no sharp inflection point, which can suppress the current from gathering at the inflection point. The annular current is evenly distributed, and a uniform radiation field can be formed in all directions, ensuring high-quality communication of the antenna module in all directions.

[0064] When the radiating branches are straight, for example, the radiating branches are L-shaped (such as Figure 7 When multiple radiating branches are arranged in a rectangular shape around the feeding branch, the length of the radiating branches in the direction of the two sides of the rectangle can be set more flexibly to adapt to the installation requirements of the antenna module in different scenarios. For example, the antenna module is used in a long strip installation area (for example, the black edge area of ​​the glass). At this time, most of the radiating branches can also be placed in the length direction of the installation area for arrangement. At this time, the communication requirements of omnidirectional radiation can be taken into account, and the installation area can be adapted more flexibly.

[0065] In addition, the radiating branches may also be in the shape of a polygon, and a plurality of radiating branches may also be in the shape of a polygon surrounding the feeding branch as a whole, so as to adapt to the layout requirements in different application scenarios.

[0066] In one embodiment, some of the multiple radiation branches may be linear and some may be arc-shaped and distributed around the feeding branch. Specifically, the arrangement may be made according to the shape of the object to which the antenna module is applied.

[0067] In one embodiment, the target frequency band includes but is not limited to at least one frequency band under at least one network standard of Bluetooth communication, WiFi communication, 2G communication, 3G communication, radio communication, 4G communication and 5G communication. For example, the target frequency band may include the 2.4GHz frequency band of Bluetooth communication. For another example, the target frequency band may also include the 1.8GHz frequency band to support vehicles equipped with antenna modules to establish a vehicle-to-ground wireless communication network at radio frequency. The target frequency band may be determined according to the application scenario of the antenna module.

[0068] In one embodiment, if Figure 2 As shown, the antenna module 20 further includes an impedance structure 23 .

[0069] The impedance structure 23 is correspondingly connected to the feeding port 22, which can effectively realize the tuning of the dipole antenna 21, wherein the resonant frequency of the impedance structure 23 matches the target frequency band, so that the antenna module 20 can perform high-quality communication in the target frequency band.

[0070] In one embodiment, the impedance structure 23 is connected to the feeding port 22 to form a gap 231. Specifically, the two ends of the impedance structure 23 are respectively connected to the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the feeding port 22 to form a gap, so that the impedance structure 23 is similar to an inductor connected in parallel with the feeding port 22 to achieve the tuning function of the antenna arm of the dipole antenna.

[0071] The impedance structure may be rectangular (e.g. Figure 8 The impedance structure is a rectangular block in the figure, a circular, elliptical and polygonal structure, which is not limited here. A gap is formed at the position where the impedance structure is connected to the feeding port. The gap is a semi-annular gap as a whole (the annular gap can be a diamond or a rectangle or a semicircle, etc.). By adjusting the size of the semi-annular gap, the resonant frequency of the impedance structure can be changed. For example, in one embodiment, by adjusting the length and width of the rectangular gap, the impedance of the impedance structure is approximately equal to 50 ohms, ensuring the high efficiency of the antenna module in transmitting and receiving radio frequency signals.

[0072] By forming an impedance structure, the antenna arm can be supported to better transmit the excitation signal corresponding to the target frequency band, so that it can mainly transmit the excitation signal, suppress the transmission of other excitation signals, and improve the anti-interference ability of the antenna module.

[0073] In one embodiment, the extending direction of the slot 231 may be non-parallel to at least one feeding branch. In the case of being non-parallel to at least one feeding branch, when the coaxial cable is routed along the extending direction of the slot 231, the influence of the coaxial cable (not shown) on the performance of the dipole antenna can be reduced, thereby improving the communication quality.

[0074] In one embodiment, there are two dipole antennas 21, and one of the dipole antennas 21 is rotated 90 degrees and overlaps with the other dipole antenna 21. Figure 3 The electromagnetic waves on the feeding branch 3 and the feeding branch 8 shown are of equal amplitude and opposite direction, and the far-field energy cancels each other out. The current on the feeding branch 1 and the feeding branch 6 is small, and the far-field radiation is weak. The entire antenna module is mainly supported by the current loop formed on the radiating branch 2, the radiating branch 5, the radiating branch 4, and the radiating branch 7 to support the electromagnetic wave radiation, and a horizontal omnidirectional radiation pattern is realized in the far field. The antenna polarization is horizontal polarization.

[0075] In one embodiment, the radiation branch supports a 1 / 4λ to 1 / 2λ resonance mode of the target frequency band; and / or the feeding branch supports a 1 / 4λ resonance mode of the target frequency band, wherein λ is the wavelength corresponding to the target frequency band.

[0076] The feeding branch supports the 1 / 4λ resonance mode of the target frequency band, and can support the transmission of the excitation signal and the generation of electromagnetic waves. The radiating branch works in the 1 / 2λ wavelength mode, and its communication quality is excellent. Among them, when the number of dipole antennas is greater than 2, the size of the radiating branch can be less than 1 / 2λ, and can be between 1 / 4λ and 1 / 2λ to support the 1 / 4λ to 1 / 2λ resonance mode and ensure the omnidirectional radiation effect.

[0077] The size of the branches (feed branches and radiating branches) needs to match the resonant mode supported by the branches. The matching here can be understood as the effective electrical length of the branches matching the resonant mode supported by the branches. For example, if the branches support the 1 / 4λ resonant mode, the size of the branches matches the 1 / 4 wavelength corresponding to the target frequency band, that is, it is an integer multiple of the 1 / 4λ corresponding to the target frequency band. Taking the target frequency band f as the 2.4GHz band of the Bluetooth communication band as an example, the wavelength corresponding to the target frequency band f is = At this time, the sum of the electrical lengths of the branches should be equal to The match, for example, could be 3.125 cm to support the 1 / 4λ resonant mode.

[0078] by Figure 1The structure shown is used as an example for explanation. The antenna module includes two dipole antennas 21, wherein the size of each feeding branch section matches 1 / 4λ, the longer the feeding branch section, the lower the resonant frequency, and the shorter the feeding branch section, the higher the resonant frequency. The size of each radiating branch section matches 1 / 2λ, and its length is inversely proportional to the resonant frequency of the antenna. The longer the feeding branch section, the lower the resonant frequency, and the shorter the feeding branch section, the higher the resonant frequency. The width of the radiating branch section mainly affects the input impedance of the antenna module. At the same time, after adjusting the length and width of the gap of the impedance structure, the input impedance of the antenna module will be adjusted accordingly. For example, under one structure, the input impedance of the antenna module is stable at around 50 ohms. The shape of the radiating branch section can be arc-shaped or straight-line-shaped, or can be some other deformed structures. It only needs to keep the length approximately equal to 1 / 2 of the circumference to form a ring current.

[0079] The impedance structure is used to adjust the input impedance of the antenna module. Its branches are connected to the positive and negative poles of the feed port, which is similar to connecting an inductor in parallel to the input end of the antenna module. It can effectively adjust the input impedance of the antenna module to around 50 ohms.

[0080] In one embodiment, the antenna module provided in the embodiment of the present application can realize a horizontal omnidirectional Bluetooth antenna. Of course, the resonant frequency of the antenna module can be expanded to other target frequency bands by adjusting the lengths of the radiation branch and the feeding branch.

[0081] In one embodiment, if Figure 1 As shown, the two antenna arms 211 and 212 of each dipole antenna 21 are arranged axially symmetrically.

[0082] Since the two antenna arms 211 and 212 of the dipole antenna 21 are symmetrically arranged, there will be far-field energy cancellation in the feeding branches in the antenna arms of two adjacent dipole antennas 21, which is beneficial to mainly support the transmission and reception of target frequency band signals on the radiation branches, and is beneficial to improving the omnidirectional radiation effect.

[0083] In one embodiment, the antenna module further includes a plurality of parasitic branches (such as Fig. 9 The parasitic branches 21, 51, 41, 71 shown in the figure are respectively coupled with each radiation branch (for example, Fig. 9 In the embodiment, parasitic branch 21 is coupled with radiating branch 2, parasitic branch 51 is coupled with radiating branch 5, parasitic branch 41 is coupled with radiating branch 4, and parasitic branch 71 is coupled with radiating branch 7), and multiple parasitic branches are distributed in a ring shape. When a ring current distribution is formed on multiple radiating branches, a ring current distribution can also be formed on multiple parasitic branches based on magnetic field coupling. The parasitic branches can be distributed on the periphery of the radiating branches to expand the radiation range of the antenna module and enhance the omnidirectional communication strength of the antenna module.

[0084] In one embodiment, Fig.10 As shown, a stacked component 100 is provided, including: a substrate 10 and an antenna module 20 .

[0085] The antenna module 20 is disposed on the substrate 10 , and the feeding branch and the radiating branch are respectively disposed on different layers of the stacked component 100 , or the feeding branch and the radiating branch are disposed on the same layer of the stacked component 100 .

[0086] The substrate 10 refers to a device that can provide support. The substrate 10 can be a single-layer or multi-layer structure. The substrate 10 has little effect on the radiation of electromagnetic waves and can be a non-conductive material. For example, the substrate 10 can be a multi-layer structure composed of glass, PVB (Polyvinyl Butyral, polyvinyl butyral), etc.

[0087] In one embodiment, if Fig.11 As shown, the substrate 10 includes: a first transparent substrate 120 and a second transparent substrate 130 .

[0088] The second transparent substrate 130 is disposed farther from the ambient light than the first transparent substrate 120 . The antenna module 20 is disposed between the first transparent substrate 120 and the second transparent substrate 130 .

[0089] The first transparent substrate 120 and the second transparent substrate 130 refer to substrates that are light-transmissive and can provide a certain support. For example, the first transparent substrate 120 and the second transparent substrate 130 can be, but are not limited to, a glass plate or a transparent polyimide (PI) plate or a transparent plastic plate, such as a PET (Polyethylene terephthalate) substrate.

[0090] The antenna module 20 can be set on the first transparent substrate 120 or on the second transparent substrate 130. When it is set between the first transparent substrate 120 and the second transparent substrate 130, the first transparent substrate 120 and the second transparent substrate 130 can protect the antenna module 20 to prevent damage to the antenna module 20 and improve the service life of the antenna module 20.

[0091] The antenna module 20 is arranged in Fig.11 The understanding between the first transparent substrate 120 and the second transparent substrate 130 shown may include the following situations:

[0092] The antenna module 20 is arranged on a side of the first transparent substrate 120 close to the second transparent substrate 130. The antenna module 20 is arranged on a side of the second transparent substrate 130 close to the first transparent substrate 120. The antenna module 20 is embedded in a blind groove opened on the side of the first transparent substrate 120 close to the second transparent substrate 130. The antenna module 20 is embedded in a blind groove opened on the side of the second transparent substrate 130 close to the first transparent substrate 120. Under these several settings, both the first transparent substrate 120 and the second transparent substrate 130 can protect the antenna module 20.

[0093] In one embodiment, when the feeding branch and the radiation branch are arranged on the same layer of the stacked component, the feeding branch, the feeding port and the radiation branch are all arranged on a side of the second transparent substrate close to the first transparent substrate.

[0094] The feed source that provides the excitation signal is usually arranged on the side of the stacked component away from the ambient light. Therefore, by arranging the antenna module on the second transparent substrate on the side away from the ambient light, it is beneficial to connect with the feed source in the stacked component (the side away from the ambient light), which is beneficial to reducing the length of the feed line connecting the feed source and the feeding port.

[0095] The feeder can also be arranged in a non-lighting area. Optionally, the feeder can be made of transparent or semi-transparent material to reduce the negative impact on the lighting effect.

[0096] In one embodiment, the laminated component further includes: a functional layer (not shown).

[0097] The functional layer is sandwiched between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. The functional layer refers to a layer structure that can support at least one function. The functional layer may include but is not limited to a dimming layer, a temperature adjustment layer, a display layer, etc.

[0098] When the feeding branch and the radiation branch are respectively arranged on different layers of the stacked component, the feeding branch and the feeding port are arranged on a side of the second transparent substrate close to the first transparent substrate, and the radiation branch is arranged on the functional layer.

[0099] By arranging radiation branches on the functional layer and arranging a feeding port and a feeding branch on the side of the second transparent substrate close to the first transparent substrate, on the one hand, it is beneficial to connect the feed source to the feeding port, and on the other hand, it is beneficial to reduce the distribution area of ​​the antenna module and reduce the impact on the lighting effect of the transparent stacked component.

[0100] The radiation branch can be set on the side of the functional layer away from the second transparent substrate. At this time, when viewing the display layer and other real images from the side of the second transparent substrate away from the ambient light, only the feeding port and the feeding branch exist before the display image, thereby reducing the impact on the image, that is, the negative impact of the antenna module on the performance of the functional layer can be reduced.

[0101] In one embodiment, the feeding branch, the radiating branch and the impedance structure of the antenna module can be realized by silver paste printing, copper foil patch, etc. Optionally, the feeding branch, the radiating branch and the impedance structure of the antenna module can be realized by silver paste printing.

[0102] In one embodiment, the antenna module is a printed antenna. Compared with a board-mounted antenna, a printed antenna, which is a planar antenna, has a more flexible layout space and a larger layout area.

[0103] In one embodiment, the substrate is a vehicle glass. Combining the antenna module and the vehicle glass as a whole laminated assembly for subsequent installation can reduce the installation process in the vehicle assembly process, which is conducive to improving the production efficiency of the vehicle and reducing the production time cost.

[0104] In one embodiment, the substrate is a skylight glass. When the antenna module is arranged on the skylight glass, omnidirectional radiation can be achieved in the horizontal direction. When the skylight glass is mounted on a vehicle, since the skylight glass is located at a higher position, the reflection of electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna module by the metal on the vehicle body can be reduced, thereby improving the omnidirectional radiation performance. Only one antenna module is needed to achieve omnidirectional communication in a vehicle-mounted scenario, thereby reducing the number of antenna modules and saving costs.

[0105] In one embodiment, if Fig.12 As shown, a vehicle 1 is provided, comprising the above-mentioned laminated assembly 100.

[0106] The vehicle 1 equipped with the above-mentioned stacked assembly 100 can achieve any beneficial effects of the above-mentioned stacked assembly 100, which will not be elaborated here.

[0107] The laminated assembly 100 may be installed on a vehicle body 200 of a vehicle 1 , for example, the laminated assembly 100 may be a vehicle-mounted glass, such as a sunroof, a side window, a windshield, and the like.

[0108] In one embodiment, Fig.11 As shown, the laminated component is a skylight. The installation position of the skylight can achieve horizontal radiation in the target frequency band. In addition, since the installation position of the skylight is high, the electromagnetic waves emitted by the antenna module are little affected by the metal of the vehicle body, and thus, under the setting of one antenna module, omnidirectional radiation can be achieved, and high-quality omnidirectional communication can be guaranteed.

[0109] In one embodiment, according to communication requirements, the laminated component can also be a side window glass, a windshield, etc.

[0110] As described in the above embodiments, the antenna module provided in the embodiments of the present application only needs to be provided with one on the stacked component to achieve omnidirectional communication.

[0111] When the vehicle body is large, the omnidirectional communication range can be expanded by appropriately adding antenna modules. Fig.13 As shown, two antenna modules are set at the front and rear positions of the sunroof glass (which can be set correspondingly at the dot positions shown in the figure) to achieve full coverage of the vehicle body.

[0112] According to the requirements of communication distance, four antenna modules can be symmetrically arranged on the skylight glass. For example, Figure 14-15 The rectangular arrangement shown can also be Fig.16 The diamond arrangement shown in the figure (each dot in the figure represents the installation position of the antenna module).

[0113] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "some embodiments", "other embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0114] The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. To make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0115] The above-described embodiments only express several implementation methods of the present application, and the descriptions thereof are relatively specific and detailed, but they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be pointed out that, for a person of ordinary skill in the art, several variations and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the attached claims.

Claims

1. An antenna module, characterized in that: include: A plurality of dipole antennas, each of which comprises at least one pair of symmetrically arranged antenna arms, each of which comprises a feeding point, a feeding branch connected to the feeding point, and a radiating branch connected to an end of the feeding branch away from the feeding point, and the radiating branches of the plurality of antenna arms are distributed in a ring shape; A feeding port, wherein the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the feeding port are respectively connected to each of the feeding points; the feeding port is used to access an excitation signal to support the radiating branches of the antenna module to support a circular current resonance mode in a target frequency band.

2. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiating branches are in arc, straight line or polygonal shape.

3. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The antenna module also includes: An impedance structure, wherein the impedance structure is connected to the feeding port, and a resonant frequency of the impedance structure matches the target frequency band.

4. The antenna module according to claim 3, characterized in that: The impedance structure is connected to the feeding port to form a gap.

5. The antenna module according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiation branch supports a 1 / 4λ to 1 / 2λ resonance mode of the target frequency band; and / or the feeding branch supports a 1 / 4λ resonance mode of the target frequency band, wherein λ is a wavelength corresponding to the target frequency band.

6. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The two antenna arms of each dipole antenna are arranged axially symmetrically.

7. The antenna module according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: Also includes: A plurality of parasitic branches are respectively coupled with the plurality of radiation branches.

8. A laminated assembly, characterized in that: include: A substrate, and an antenna module as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7; The antenna module is arranged on the substrate, the feeding branch and the radiating branch are respectively arranged on different layers of the stacked component, or the feeding branch and the radiating branch are arranged on the same layer of the stacked component.

9. The stacked assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: The substrate comprises: a first transparent substrate; a second transparent substrate, wherein the second transparent substrate is disposed farther away from the ambient light than the first transparent substrate; The antenna module is arranged between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate.

10. A means of transport, characterized in that: A stacked assembly comprising any one of claims 8-9.

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