Power converter and power supply device

Abstract

The application provides a power converter and a power supply device, the power converter realizes secondary communication between a primary side control module and a secondary side control module through a transformer and an optical coupler; the secondary side control module is configured to output a first signal through an optical coupler output module when a load at an output end of a secondary circuit changes, and send an acknowledgement signal to the secondary side control module when receiving an encoded signal; an optical coupler receiving module changes a voltage value of a second end of the primary side control module based on the first signal; the primary side control module transmits the encoded signal to the transformer according to the voltage value of the second end of the primary side control module corresponding to the first signal, and controls a working state of the power converter according to the voltage value of the second end of the primary side control module corresponding to the acknowledgement signal. Thus, the application can accurately and stably control the working state of the power converter when the load state changes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power supplies, and more particularly to a power converter and power supply equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Power converters are typically used in power adapters to provide power to battery-powered devices.

[0003] In existing power converters, the primary-side control module and the secondary-side control module typically communicate in one direction to feed back the status of the secondary-side control module to the primary-side control module. However, this communication method may cause the power converter to incorrectly enter the zero-power mode or the normal operation mode.

[0004] Therefore, how to accurately control the operating state of the power converter has become a pressing technical problem that needs to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a power converter that solves the technical problem of being unable to accurately control the operating state of the power converter when the load state changes.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power converter, comprising: a primary circuit, a transformer, and a secondary circuit; the primary circuit and the secondary circuit transmit electrical energy and signals through the transformer;

[0007] The primary-side circuit includes a primary-side control module, a first switching transistor, and an optocoupler receiving module; the secondary-side circuit includes an optocoupler output module and a secondary-side control module.

[0008] The first terminal of the primary-side control module is coupled to the control terminal of the first switching transistor, the first terminal of the first switching transistor is coupled to the first terminal of the transformer, and the second terminal of the first switching transistor is grounded; the second terminal of the primary-side control module is coupled to the first terminal of the optocoupler receiving module, the third terminal of the primary-side control module is grounded, and the second terminal of the optocoupler receiving module is grounded.

[0009] The second end of the transformer is coupled to the first end of the optocoupler output module and the first end of the secondary side control module, respectively. The second end of the secondary side control module is coupled to the second end of the optocoupler output module. The third end of the secondary side control module is coupled to the output end of the secondary circuit. The fourth end of the secondary side control module is coupled to the third end of the transformer or the second end of the transformer to receive the coded signal fourth end transmitted by the primary side circuit.

[0010] The secondary-side control module is configured to: output a first signal via the optocoupler output module when the load at the output terminal of the secondary-side circuit changes; and

[0011] Upon receiving the encoded signal, an acknowledgment signal is sent through the optocoupler output module. The acknowledgment signal is used to indicate that the secondary circuit is in normal working condition.

[0012] The optocoupler receiving module is configured to: change the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module based on the first signal and the acknowledgment signal;

[0013] The primary-side control module is configured to: transmit the coded signal to the transformer based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the first signal; and

[0014] The operating state of the power converter is controlled based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the confirmation response signal.

[0015] Optionally, the power converter's operating states include a zero-power state and a normal operating state. The operating state of the power converter is controlled based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the acknowledgment signal, including:

[0016] When the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the confirmation response signal is greater than the first set voltage value, the power converter is controlled to enter a zero-power state; when the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the confirmation response signal is less than the first set voltage value, it enters a normal operating state; or

[0017] When the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the confirmation response signal is greater than the first set voltage value, the power converter is controlled to enter the normal operation state. When the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the confirmation response signal is less than the first set voltage value, the power converter is controlled to enter the zero power consumption state.

[0018] Optionally, the secondary circuit further includes a first resistor, with a first end coupled to a first end of the optocoupler output module and a second end coupled to a first end of the secondary control module.

[0019] Optionally, the secondary circuit further includes a voltage regulator unit, the first end of which is coupled to the second end of the secondary control module and the second end of the optocoupler output module, and the second end of which is coupled to the fifth end of the secondary control module.

[0020] Optionally, the voltage regulating unit includes a first voltage regulating subunit, comprising: a first voltage regulating resistor and a first voltage regulating capacitor;

[0021] The first end of the first voltage-regulating resistor is coupled to the second end of the secondary-side control module and the second end of the optocoupler output module, respectively. The second end of the first voltage-regulating resistor is coupled to the first end of the first voltage-regulating capacitor, and the second end of the first voltage-regulating capacitor is coupled to the fifth end of the secondary-side control module.

[0022] Optionally, the voltage regulating unit further includes a second voltage regulating subunit, which includes a second voltage regulating resistor and a second voltage regulating capacitor;

[0023] The first end of the second voltage-regulating resistor is coupled to the second end of the secondary-side control module and the second end of the optocoupler output module, respectively. The second end of the second voltage-regulating resistor is coupled to the first end of the second voltage-regulating capacitor, and the second end of the second voltage-regulating capacitor is coupled to the sixth end of the secondary-side control module.

[0024] Optionally, the secondary circuit further includes a first diode, the anode of which is coupled to the ground terminal of the secondary control module, and the cathode of which is coupled to the third terminal of the transformer and the fourth terminal of the secondary control module.

[0025] Optionally, the secondary circuit further includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor;

[0026] The first end of the first voltage divider resistor is coupled to the third end of the transformer and the negative terminal of the first diode, the second end of the first voltage divider resistor is coupled to the first end of the second voltage divider resistor and the fourth end of the secondary side control module, and the second end of the second voltage divider resistor is coupled to the ground terminal of the secondary side control module and the positive terminal of the first diode.

[0027] Optionally, the secondary circuit further includes a second diode, the positive terminal of which is coupled to the second terminal of the transformer and the fourth terminal of the secondary control module, and the negative terminal of which is coupled to the first terminal of the secondary control module.

[0028] Optionally, the secondary circuit further includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor;

[0029] The first end of the third voltage divider resistor is coupled to the second end of the transformer and the positive terminal of the second diode, the second end of the third voltage divider resistor is coupled to the first end of the fourth voltage divider resistor and the fourth end of the secondary side control module, and the second end of the fourth voltage divider resistor is coupled to the ground terminal of the secondary side control module and the third end of the transformer.

[0030] Optionally, the primary-side control module further includes a pull-up resistor and a primary-side control unit;

[0031] The first end of the pull-up resistor is coupled to the second end of the primary-side control module. The second end of the pull-up resistor receives a first set voltage. The first end of the pull-up resistor is also coupled to the first end of the primary-side control unit. The second end of the primary-side control unit is coupled to the first end of the primary-side control module.

[0032] Optionally, the primary-side control module further includes a pull-down resistor and a primary-side control unit;

[0033] The first end of the pull-down resistor is coupled to the second end of the primary-side control module, and the second end of the pull-down resistor receives a first set voltage. The first end of the pull-down resistor is also coupled to the first end of the primary-side control unit, and the second end of the primary-side control unit is coupled to the first end of the primary-side control module. According to a second aspect of the present invention, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power supply device, including the power converter provided in the first aspect of the present invention.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the embodiments of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0035] This invention provides a power converter and power supply device. In this power converter, secondary communication between a primary-side control module and a secondary-side control module is achieved through a transformer and an optocoupler. The secondary-side control module is configured to output a first signal via the optocoupler output module when the load at the output of the secondary circuit changes, and to send an acknowledgment signal to the secondary-side control module upon receiving an encoded signal. The optocoupler receiving module changes the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module based on the first signal. The primary-side control module transmits the encoded signal to the transformer based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the first signal. Finally, the power converter's operating state is controlled based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the acknowledgment signal. Therefore, this invention can achieve accurate and stable control of the power converter's operating state when the load condition changes. Attached Figure Description

[0036] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0037] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the power converter structure according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the power converter structure according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power converter structure according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the power converter structure according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the power converter structure according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 6 This is the power converter structure of the sixth embodiment of the present invention. Figure 5 picture;

[0043] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the power converter structure according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the power converter structure according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the power converter structure according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the power converter structure according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the power converter structure according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the control waveform of a power converter according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power supply device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0050] 10-Transformer;

[0051] 21-Primary side control module;

[0052] 211-Primary side control unit;

[0053] 22-Optical coupler receiver module;

[0054] 31 - Secondary control module;

[0055] 32-Optical Coupler Output Module;

[0056] 23-AC / DC conversion circuit;

[0057] 24-Power Grid;

[0058] C - Filter capacitor;

[0059] OUT - The first terminal of the primary control module;

[0060] The second end of the FB primary-side control module;

[0061] VPWR - the first terminal of the secondary side control module;

[0062] OPTO - the second terminal of the secondary control module;

[0063] The third terminal of the VBUS secondary control module;

[0064] VDS - the fourth terminal of the secondary side control module;

[0065] The fifth terminal of the CVCV-secondary control module;

[0066] The sixth terminal of the CC-secondary side control module. Detailed Implementation

[0067] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0068] The terms “first,” “second,” “third,” “fourth,” etc. (if present) in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms “comprising” and “having,” and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0069] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments.

[0070] As described in the background section, existing power converters typically use one-way communication between the primary and secondary control modules to feed back the status of the secondary control module to the primary control module, without performing secondary communication to confirm the status of the secondary control module received by the primary side. This results in the primary control module being unable to accurately control the operating status of the power converter.

[0071] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides a power converter and power supply device. In this power converter, secondary communication between the primary-side control module and the secondary-side control module is achieved through a transformer and an optocoupler. The secondary-side control module is configured to output a first signal via the optocoupler output module when the load at the output terminal of the secondary circuit changes, and to send an acknowledgment signal to the secondary-side control module upon receiving an encoded signal. The optocoupler receiving module changes the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module based on the first signal. The primary-side control module transmits the encoded signal to the transformer based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the first signal. Finally, it controls the operating state of the power converter based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the acknowledgment signal. This achieves accurate and stable control of the power converter's operating state when the load condition changes.

[0072] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and beneficial effects of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0073] Please refer to Figure 1 An embodiment of the present invention provides a power converter, including: a primary circuit, a transformer 10, and a secondary circuit; the primary circuit and the secondary circuit transmit electrical energy and signals through the transformer 10.

[0074] The primary-side circuit includes a primary-side control module 21, a first switching transistor S1, and an optocoupler receiving module 22; the secondary-side circuit includes a secondary-side control module 31 and an optocoupler output module 32; wherein:

[0075] The first terminal OUT of the primary side control module 21 is coupled to the control terminal of the first switch S1, the first terminal of the first switch S1 is coupled to the first terminal of the transformer 10, and the second terminal of the first switch S1 is grounded; the second terminal FB of the primary side control module 21 is coupled to the first terminal of the optocoupler receiving module 22, and the second terminal of the optocoupler receiving module 22 is grounded.

[0076] The second terminal of the transformer 10 is coupled to the first terminal of the optocoupler output module 32 and the first terminal VPWR of the secondary-side control module 31. The second terminal OPTO of the secondary-side control module 31 is coupled to the second terminal of the optocoupler output module 32. The third terminal VBUS of the secondary-side control module 31 is coupled to the output terminal Vout of the secondary circuit. The fourth terminal VDS of the secondary-side control module 31 is coupled to the third terminal of the transformer or the second terminal of the transformer (e.g., ...). Figure 8 As shown), the fourth terminal VDS receives the encoded signal transmitted by the primary-side circuit;

[0077] The secondary-side control module 31 is configured to: output a first signal through the optocoupler output module 32 when the load at the output terminal Vout of the secondary-side circuit changes; and

[0078] Upon receiving the encoded signal, an acknowledgment signal is sent through the optocoupler output module 32. The acknowledgment signal is used to indicate that the secondary circuit is in normal working condition.

[0079] The optocoupler receiving module 22 is configured to: change the voltage value of the second terminal FB of the primary side control module 21 based on the first signal and the confirmation response signal;

[0080] The primary-side control module 21 is configured to: transmit the encoded signal to the transformer 10 based on the voltage value of the second terminal FB of the primary-side control module 21 corresponding to the first signal; and

[0081] The operating state of the power converter is controlled based on the voltage value of the second terminal FB of the primary-side control module 21 corresponding to the confirmation response signal.

[0082] In summary, the power converter uses a transformer and an optocoupler to achieve secondary communication between the primary-side control module and the secondary-side control module, enabling the primary-side control module 21 to accurately and stably control the operating state of the power converter when the load state changes.

[0083] For details, please continue to refer to Figure 1 In one embodiment, the power converter operates in two states: a zero-power state and a normal operating state.

[0084] In this case, the operating state of the power converter is controlled based on the voltage value of the second terminal FB of the primary-side control module 21 corresponding to the confirmation response signal, including:

[0085] When the voltage value at the second terminal FB of the primary-side control module 21 corresponding to the confirmation response signal is greater than the first set voltage value V1, the power converter is controlled to enter a zero-power state; when the voltage value at the second terminal FB of the primary-side control module 21 corresponding to the confirmation response signal is less than the first set voltage value V1, the power converter is controlled to enter a normal operating state; or

[0086] When the voltage value of the second terminal FB of the primary-side control module 21 corresponding to the confirmation response signal is greater than the first set voltage value V1, the power converter is controlled to enter the zero power consumption state. When the voltage value of the second terminal FB of the primary-side control module 21 corresponding to the confirmation response signal is less than the first set voltage value V1, the power converter is controlled to enter the normal operation state.

[0087] When the voltage value of the second terminal FB of the primary-side control module 21 corresponding to the confirmation response signal is less than the first set voltage value V1, it can be understood that the load connection state of the output terminal of the secondary circuit is either a power supply required state or a no-operation state, and the power converter is controlled to enter the normal operation state or the zero power consumption state.

[0088] In practical use, please refer to Figure 2 The secondary circuit also includes a first resistor R1, with the first end of the first resistor R1 coupled to the first end of the optocoupler output module 32 and the second end coupled to the first end VPWR of the secondary side control module 31.

[0089] The first resistor is used to limit the current flowing through the optocoupler output unit.

[0090] In practical use, please refer to Figure 3 The secondary circuit also includes a voltage regulator unit 33. The first end of the voltage regulator unit 33 is coupled to the second end OPTO of the secondary control module 31 and the second end of the optocoupler output module 32, respectively. The second end of the voltage regulator unit 33 is coupled to the fifth end CV of the secondary control module 31.

[0091] The voltage regulator unit 33 is used to stabilize the voltage output from the secondary-side control module 31 to the optocoupler output unit 33.

[0092] For a specific implementation method, please refer to Figure 4 The voltage regulating unit 31 includes a first voltage regulating subunit, which includes a first voltage regulating resistor R2 and a first voltage regulating capacitor C2.

[0093] The first end of the first voltage regulator R2 is coupled to the second end OPTO of the secondary side control module 31 and the second end of the optocoupler output module 32, respectively. The second end of the first voltage regulator R2 is coupled to the first end of the first voltage regulator C2, and the second end of the first voltage regulator C2 is coupled to the fifth end CV of the secondary side control module 31.

[0094] In the preferred embodiment, please refer to Figure 5 The voltage regulating unit further includes a second voltage regulating subunit, which includes a second voltage regulating resistor R3 and a second voltage regulating capacitor C3.

[0095] The first end of the second voltage regulator R3 is coupled to the second end OPTO of the secondary control module 31, the second end of the optocoupler output module 32, and the first end of the first voltage regulator R2. The second end of the second voltage regulator R3 is coupled to the first end of the second voltage regulator C3. The second end of the second voltage regulator C3 is coupled to the sixth end CC of the secondary control module 31.

[0096] By adding a second voltage regulator subunit, the voltage regulator unit 33 can stabilize the voltage output from the secondary-side control chip 31 to the optocoupler output module 32 in the event of a failure of the first voltage regulator subunit.

[0097] In practical applications, please refer to Figure 6 The secondary circuit further includes a first diode D1, the anode of which is coupled to the ground terminal of the secondary control module 31, and the cathode of which is coupled to the third terminal of the transformer and the fourth terminal VDS of the secondary control module 31.

[0098] The first diode D1 is used for synchronous rectification.

[0099] In this case, a preferred embodiment is described below. Figure 7 The secondary circuit also includes a first voltage divider resistor R4 and a second voltage divider resistor R5;

[0100] The first end of the first voltage divider resistor R4 is coupled to the third end of the transformer 10 and the negative terminal of the first diode D1, respectively. The second end of the first voltage divider resistor R4 is coupled to the first end of the second voltage divider resistor R5 and the fourth terminal VDS of the secondary side control module 31, respectively. The second end of the second voltage divider resistor R5 is coupled to the ground terminal of the secondary side control module 31 and the positive terminal of the first diode D1.

[0101] The first voltage divider resistor R4 and the second voltage divider resistor R5 are used to limit the voltage flowing to the secondary side control module 31.

[0102] Of course, the present invention does not limit the placement of the first diode D1. In another alternative embodiment, please refer to... Figure 8 The secondary circuit also includes a second diode D2, the positive terminal of which is coupled to the second terminal of the transformer 10 and the fourth terminal of the secondary control module, and the negative terminal of which is coupled to the first terminal VPWR of the secondary control module 31.

[0103] It should be understood that the function of the second diode D2 is the same as that of the first diode D1.

[0104] In this case, the fourth terminal VDS1 of the secondary-side control module 31 is coupled to the second terminal of the transformer 10 to receive the encoded signal.

[0105] Figure 8 The other parts of the circuit shown are... Figure 6 The same applies, so I won't repeat it here.

[0106] With the positive terminal of the second diode D2 coupled to the second terminal of the transformer 10 and the fourth terminal of the secondary-side control module 31, and the negative terminal of the second diode D2 coupled to the first terminal VPWR of the secondary-side control module 31, in a preferred embodiment, please refer to... Figure 9 The secondary circuit also includes a third voltage divider resistor R6 and a fourth voltage divider resistor R7;

[0107] The first end of the third voltage divider resistor is coupled to the second end of the transformer 10 and the positive terminal of the second diode D2, respectively. The second end of the third voltage divider resistor R6 is coupled to the first end of the fourth voltage divider resistor R7 and the fourth terminal VDS of the secondary side control module 31, respectively. The second end of the fourth voltage divider resistor R7 is coupled to the ground terminal of the secondary side control module 31 and the third end of the transformer 10, respectively.

[0108] The third voltage divider resistor R6 and the fourth voltage divider resistor R7 serve the same purpose as the first voltage divider resistor R4 and the second voltage divider resistor R5. Figure 9 The other parts of the circuit shown are... Figure 7 The same applies, so I won't repeat it here.

[0109] The internal structure of the primary control module 21 will now be further described:

[0110] In one implementation method, please refer to Figure 10The primary-side control module 21 also includes a pull-up resistor R8 and a primary-side control unit 211;

[0111] The first end of the pull-up resistor R8 is coupled to the second end FB of the primary side control module 21. The second end of the pull-up resistor R8 receives the first set voltage V1. The first end of the pull-up resistor R8 is also coupled to the first end of the primary side control unit 211. The second end of the primary side control unit 211 is coupled to the first end OUT of the primary side control module.

[0112] The pull-up resistor R8 is used to stabilize the primary-side control module at a first set voltage when it receives the first signal and the confirmation response signal.

[0113] In this case, if the first signal indicates a change in load, the voltage at the second terminal of the primary side control unit can be pulled up or down, thereby causing the primary side control unit to transmit the coded signal to the transformer.

[0114] If the confirmation response signal indicates that the secondary circuit is working normally, the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary side control module can rise or fall again, so that the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary side control module is greater than or less than the first set voltage value, thereby controlling the power converter to enter the zero power consumption state or the normal operation state.

[0115] Of course, the present invention is not limited thereto. For another specific embodiment, please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 11 The primary-side control module 21 also includes a pull-down resistor R9 and a primary-side control unit 211;

[0116] The first end of the pull-down resistor R9 is coupled to the second end FB of the primary side control module 21. The second end of the pull-down resistor R9 receives a first set voltage V1. The first end of the pull-down resistor R9 is also coupled to the first end of the primary side control unit 211. The second end of the primary side control unit 211 is coupled to the first end OUT of the primary side control module 21.

[0117] Figure 11 The other parts of the circuit shown are... Figure 10 The same applies, so I won't repeat it here.

[0118] The pull-down resistor R9 is used to stabilize the primary-side control module at a first set voltage when the primary-side control module does not receive the first signal and the confirmation response signal at the second terminal.

[0119] in, Figure 11 circuit and Figure 10 The circuit works on the same principle, so I will not repeat it here.

[0120] Now combined Figure 10 circuit and Figure 12 The control waveforms of the power converter shown further illustrate the working process of this invention. Figure 12 In the example, the operating states of the power converter include: normal operating state, entering zero power consumption process, zero power consumption state, exiting zero power consumption state process, and normal operating state.

[0121] The connection status of the load includes: power supply required and power supply not required.

[0122] OPTO (IO) can be understood as the first signal output by the optocoupler output module 32.

[0123] FB(IO) can be understood as the first signal received by the optocoupler receiving module 22 and fed back to the second terminal of the primary side control module 21.

[0124] VDS(IN) can be understood as the encoded signal received by the fourth terminal of the secondary control module 31.

[0125] Among them, Figure 12 In the example, at time t1, the connection state of the load changes from a state requiring power to a state not requiring power.

[0126] During the time period t1~t2, the secondary-side control module 31 identifies the load change at the output terminal Vout of the secondary circuit;

[0127] During the time period t2~t3, the secondary side control module 31 outputs the first signal through the optocoupler output module 32 based on the load change of the output terminal Vout of the secondary circuit. The optocoupler receiving module 22 pulls up the voltage of the second terminal FB of the primary side control module 21 to a value greater than the first set voltage according to the first signal.

[0128] The time period t3~t4; the delay state before the primary side control module 21 transmits the encoded signal to the transformer 10;

[0129] During the time period t4~t5, the primary side control module 21 transmits the encoded signal to the transformer 10, and the fourth terminal of the secondary side control module 31 receives the encoded signal.

[0130] During the time period t5~t6, there is a delay before the secondary control module 31 sends an acknowledgment signal to the optocoupler output module 32;

[0131] During the time period t6~t7, an acknowledgment signal is sent to the optocoupler output module 32. The acknowledgment signal is used to indicate that the secondary circuit is in normal working condition. The second terminal FB of the primary side control module 21 receives the acknowledgment signal.

[0132] At time t7, the optocoupler receiving module 22 pulls up the voltage of the second terminal FB of the primary side control module 21 based on the confirmation response signal, and the primary side control module 21 controls the power transformer to enter the zero power consumption state.

[0133] During the time period t7~t8, the power converter is in a zero-power state.

[0134] After t8, the load connection status changes from no power required to power required. Through transformer 10 and optocoupler, secondary communication is realized between primary side control module 21 and secondary side control module 31, controlling the power converter to enter normal working state.

[0135] As can be seen, by using transformer 10 and optocoupler to achieve secondary communication between primary side control module 21 and secondary side control module 31, the present invention can achieve accurate and stable control of the power converter's operating state when the load state changes.

[0136] It should be understood that, in another embodiment, during the process of entering the zero power consumption state, the voltage of the second terminal of the primary side control module 21 can also be pulled down to less than the first set voltage, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0137] Of course, the secondary communication of the present invention can also be used in the case of power converter failure. For example, the secondary side control module can also be configured to detect whether the secondary circuit has a fault. In the case of secondary circuit failure, the secondary side control module and the primary side control module realize secondary communication through transformer and optocoupler, so that the primary side control module can accurately and stably control the working state of the power converter.

[0138] Of course, the present invention is not limited to this, and can also be used for secondary communication when the circuit is in other states. Those skilled in the art can choose the appropriate scenario for secondary communication as needed.

[0139] In addition, please refer to Figure 13 The present invention also provides a power supply device, which includes the power converter described above.

[0140] In the case where the power converter of this invention is an AC / DC converter, please continue to refer to... Figure 13 For example, in practical use, the power supply equipment also includes an AC / DC conversion circuit 23 and a filter circuit. The AC / DC conversion circuit 23 is, for example, a rectifier circuit composed of diodes. The AC / DC conversion circuit 23 is used to connect to the power grid 24 to convert the AC power in the power grid 24 into DC power. The filter circuit includes a filter capacitor C to filter noise in the AC / DC conversion circuit 23 and the power converter.

[0141] Although the present invention has been disclosed above, the present invention is not limited thereto. The power converter of the present invention can also be a DC / DC converter, and those skilled in the art can choose the appropriate converter type as needed.

[0142] In summary, this invention provides a power converter that enables secondary communication between a primary-side control module and a secondary-side control module via a transformer and an optocoupler. The secondary-side control module is configured to output a first signal via the optocoupler output module when the load at the output of the secondary circuit changes, and to send an acknowledgment signal to the secondary-side control module upon receiving an encoded signal. The optocoupler receiving module changes the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module based on the first signal. The primary-side control module transmits the encoded signal to the transformer based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the first signal. Finally, the invention controls the operating state of the power converter based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the acknowledgment signal. Therefore, this invention can accurately and stably control the operating state of the power converter when the load condition changes.

[0143] While the present invention has been disclosed above, it is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art can make various modifications and alterations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be determined by the scope defined in the claims.

Claims

1. A power converter, characterized in that, include: The circuit consists of a primary circuit, a transformer, and a secondary circuit; the primary circuit and the secondary circuit transmit electrical energy and signals through the transformer. The primary-side circuit includes a primary-side control module, a first switching transistor, and an optocoupler receiving module; the secondary-side circuit includes an optocoupler output module and a secondary-side control module. The first terminal of the primary-side control module is coupled to the control terminal of the first switching transistor, the first terminal of the first switching transistor is coupled to the first terminal of the transformer, and the second terminal of the first switching transistor is grounded; the second terminal of the primary-side control module is coupled to the first terminal of the optocoupler receiving module, the third terminal of the primary-side control module is grounded, the second terminal of the optocoupler receiving module is grounded, the first terminal of the transformer is one end of the primary winding, and the other end of the primary winding receives the input voltage; The second end of the transformer is coupled to the first end of the optocoupler output module and the first end of the secondary-side control module, respectively. The second end of the secondary-side control module is coupled to the second end of the optocoupler output module. The third end of the secondary-side control module is coupled to the output end of the secondary circuit. The fourth end of the secondary-side control module is coupled to the third end or the second end of the transformer to receive the encoded signal transmitted by the primary circuit. The second end and the third end of the transformer are the opposite ends of the secondary winding. The first end of the secondary-side control module is the power supply port. The second end of the secondary-side control module is the optocoupler feedback port of the secondary-side control module. The fourth end of the secondary-side control module is the level detection port of the secondary-side control module. The secondary-side control module is configured to: output a first signal via the optocoupler output module when the load at the output terminal of the secondary-side circuit changes; and Upon receiving the encoded signal, an acknowledgment signal is sent through the optocoupler output module. The acknowledgment signal is used to indicate that the secondary circuit is in normal working condition. The optocoupler receiving module is configured to: change the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module based on the first signal and the acknowledgment signal; The primary-side control module is configured to: transmit the coded signal to the transformer based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the first signal; and The operating state of the power converter is controlled based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the confirmation response signal.

2. The power converter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The power converter operates in two states: a zero-power state and a normal operating state. The operating state of the power converter is controlled based on the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the acknowledgment signal, including: When the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the confirmation response signal is greater than the first set voltage value, the power converter is controlled to enter a zero-power state; when the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the confirmation response signal is less than the first set voltage value, it enters a normal operating state; or When the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the confirmation response signal is greater than the first set voltage value, the power converter is controlled to enter the normal operation state. When the voltage value at the second terminal of the primary-side control module corresponding to the confirmation response signal is less than the first set voltage value, the power converter is controlled to enter the zero power consumption state.

3. The power converter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary circuit also includes a first resistor, with a first end coupled to the first end of the optocoupler output module and a second end coupled to the first end of the secondary control module.

4. The power converter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary circuit also includes a voltage regulator unit. The first end of the voltage regulator unit is coupled to the second end of the secondary control module and the second end of the optocoupler output module, respectively. The second end of the voltage regulator unit is coupled to the fifth end of the secondary control module, and the fifth end of the secondary control module is the voltage regulator terminal of the secondary control module.

5. The power converter as described in claim 4, characterized in that, The voltage regulation unit includes a first voltage regulation subunit, comprising: a first voltage regulation resistor and a first voltage regulation capacitor; The first end of the first voltage-regulating resistor is coupled to the second end of the secondary-side control module and the second end of the optocoupler output module, respectively. The second end of the first voltage-regulating resistor is coupled to the first end of the first voltage-regulating capacitor, and the second end of the first voltage-regulating capacitor is coupled to the fifth end of the secondary-side control module.

6. The power converter as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The voltage regulating unit further includes a second voltage regulating subunit, which includes a second voltage regulating resistor and a second voltage regulating capacitor. The first end of the second voltage-stabilizing resistor is coupled to the second end of the secondary-side control module and the second end of the optocoupler output module, respectively. The second end of the second voltage-stabilizing resistor is coupled to the first end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor. The second end of the second voltage-stabilizing capacitor is coupled to the sixth end of the secondary-side control module. The sixth end of the secondary-side control module is the current-stabilizing end of the secondary-side control module.

7. The power converter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary circuit also includes a first diode, the positive terminal of which is coupled to the ground terminal of the secondary control module, and the negative terminal of which is coupled to the third terminal of the transformer and the fourth terminal of the secondary control module.

8. The power converter as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The secondary circuit also includes a first voltage divider resistor and a second voltage divider resistor; The first end of the first voltage divider resistor is coupled to the third end of the transformer and the negative terminal of the first diode, the second end of the first voltage divider resistor is coupled to the first end of the second voltage divider resistor and the fourth end of the secondary side control module, and the second end of the second voltage divider resistor is coupled to the ground terminal of the secondary side control module and the positive terminal of the first diode.

9. The power converter as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The secondary circuit also includes a second diode, the positive terminal of which is coupled to the second terminal of the transformer and the fourth terminal of the secondary control module, and the negative terminal of which is coupled to the first terminal of the secondary control module.

10. The power converter as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The secondary circuit also includes a third voltage divider resistor and a fourth voltage divider resistor; The first end of the third voltage divider resistor is coupled to the second end of the transformer and the positive terminal of the second diode, the second end of the third voltage divider resistor is coupled to the first end of the fourth voltage divider resistor and the fourth end of the secondary side control module, and the second end of the fourth voltage divider resistor is coupled to the ground terminal of the secondary side control module and the third end of the transformer.

11. The power converter as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The primary-side control module also includes a pull-up resistor and a primary-side control unit; The first end of the pull-up resistor is coupled to the second end of the primary-side control module. The second end of the pull-up resistor receives a first set voltage. The first end of the pull-up resistor is also coupled to the first end of the primary-side control unit. The second end of the primary-side control unit is coupled to the first end of the primary-side control module.

12. The power converter as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The primary-side control module also includes a pull-down resistor and a primary-side control unit; The first end of the pull-down resistor is coupled to the second end of the primary-side control module. The second end of the pull-down resistor receives a first set voltage. The first end of the pull-down resistor is also coupled to the first end of the primary-side control unit. The second end of the primary-side control unit is coupled to the first end of the primary-side control module.

13. A power supply device, characterized in that, Includes the power converter according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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