A cooling liquid control method and cooling device for a liquid-cooled data center box

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of cooling control technology. The present invention discloses a cooling liquid control method and cooling device for a liquid-cooled data center cabinet. Based on the monitoring of server temperature changes, the initial flow rate of the cooling liquid is calculated, and the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling liquid is further calculated in combination with multi-dimensional data such as the real-time temperature, pressure difference, and ambient temperature of the cooling liquid to evaluate the actual performance of the current cooling system. Based on this heat exchange efficiency, a proportional factor is dynamically generated, which reflects the adjustment range required to achieve the best cooling effect under the current working conditions. Next, the initial flow rate is corrected using this proportional factor to obtain the target flow rate, thereby achieving more accurate coolant distribution. Finally, by real-time monitoring of the actual flow rate of the coolant and comparing it with the target flow rate, the system can automatically adjust the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve to ensure that the coolant flow rate is always in the optimal state.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of cooling control technology, and in particular to a cooling liquid control method and a cooling device for a liquid-cooled data center box. Background Art

[0002] At present, the liquid supply design of liquid cooling cabinets in data centers on the market usually dispatches the cooling liquid as a whole. However, the cooling situation of liquid cooling data centers is complicated. Distributing the cooling liquid flow according to the operating conditions of different servers can greatly improve energy utilization efficiency and reduce unnecessary energy consumption. When a single server is running at high power, there is a problem that the corresponding server cannot be cooled down in time. When one or several servers have problems, the cabinet needs to be shut down for maintenance, which greatly affects the work efficiency of the data center.

[0003] The existing technology currently has a liquid delivery control method for a single-phase immersion liquid-cooled data center cabinet, including chassis internal monitoring and control software, temperature detectors, liquid cooling cabinets, several servers, several electronically controlled valves, a coolant circulation pump, and an external coolant pipeline. Through the chassis internal monitoring and control software, the server is cooled by the coolant imported from the lower part of the liquid cooling chassis in the standby state. When the server is running at high power or a single server is running at high power, the software conducts autonomous monitoring and makes corresponding adjustments. The opening of the electronically controlled valve on the external coolant pipeline and the power control of the corresponding circulation pump of the external pipeline form a reasonable distribution of the coolant and accurate cooling of the corresponding servers, thereby improving the utilization efficiency of the coolant. When one or several servers have problems, the software performs accurate early warning processing. The grouped design can correspond to the maintenance of the server unit, and in this case it will not affect the normal operation of other servers.

[0004] The existing technology uses software to monitor in real time and perform predictive control. When the server unit is running at high power, the software uses a liquid cooling cabinet flow control method, which includes obtaining the average heat dissipation margin of the server nodes on each liquid cooling cabinet in each interval time period, comparing the average heat dissipation margin with the set threshold, and when the corresponding data does not match, the control system autonomously adjusts the valve opening size and the frequency conversion pump frequency to ensure that the server can operate normally at a given temperature. The software uses the temperature sensor inside the server to monitor the temperature change of the server. Once the temperature exceeds the preset threshold, it indicates that a single server has a thermal management disorder. The monitoring system will issue a real-time warning and report the relevant server situation. If the fault cannot be eliminated, the software will automatically shut down the corresponding server. However, the existing technology only regulates according to the temperature change inside the server, ignoring the change in heat exchange efficiency of the coolant at different temperatures. The heat exchange efficiency of the coolant depends not only on the temperature of the server, but also on the coolant's own characteristics, its own temperature, flow rate, pressure difference and other factors. For example, in a high temperature environment, the viscosity of the coolant decreases and the thermal conductivity increases, but at the same time it may be accompanied by higher evaporation losses or bubble formation, affecting the actual heat exchange effect. The coolant flow cannot be adjusted in time, resulting in local overheating, which in turn affects server performance and even damages the hardware. Summary of the invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a cooling liquid control method and a cooling device for a liquid-cooled data center cabinet, so as to solve the existing problem that the cooling liquid flow rate cannot be adjusted in time.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a cooling liquid control method for a liquid-cooled data center cabinet, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: define a historical time period according to the current time, collect the historical temperature of each position of each server in the historical time period through a temperature sensor, and obtain the average historical temperature and historical temperature gradient of the server according to the historical temperature;

[0008] Step 2, obtaining the specific heat capacity, viscosity, thermal conductivity, temperature of the coolant and the real-time temperature of the environment, substituting the viscosity, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity into the Prandtl number to obtain a first coupling coefficient, and correcting the first coupling coefficient by the temperature of the coolant to obtain a first coupling correction coefficient; substituting the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the coolant into the Prandtl number to obtain a second coupling coefficient, and correcting the second coupling coefficient by the real-time temperature of the environment to obtain a second coupling correction coefficient;

[0009] Step 3, calculating the initial flow rate according to the average historical temperature, the historical temperature gradient, the first coupling correction coefficient and the second coupling correction coefficient;

[0010] Step 4, obtaining the coolant temperature of the externally connected liquid main pipe and the coolant temperature of the coolant outlet;

[0011] According to the historical temperature, the upper and lower temperature limits of the server are obtained; a reference pressure is preset;

[0012] Obtain the coolant pressure of the externally connected liquid main pipe and the coolant pressure of the coolant outlet to obtain the pressure difference;

[0013] The target flow rate of the coolant is obtained by using the Nusselt number and the Reynolds number, and the real-time flow rate of the coolant is obtained;

[0014] Calculate the heat exchange efficiency of the coolant according to the upper temperature limit, the lower temperature limit, the coolant temperature of the externally connected liquid main pipe, the coolant temperature of the coolant outlet, the reference pressure, the pressure difference, the target flow rate of the coolant, the real-time flow rate of the coolant, the first coupling correction factor and the second coupling correction factor;

[0015] Step 5, obtaining the historical heat exchange efficiency of the coolant, dividing the historical heat exchange efficiency into a first step range and a second step range, taking the upper limit value of the first step range as the first step value, taking the upper limit value of the second step range as the second step value, and the second step value is greater than the first step value;

[0016] Step 6, calculating a proportional factor according to the first step value, the second step value, and the heat exchange efficiency of the coolant;

[0017] Step 7, calculating the target flow rate according to the proportional factor and the initial flow rate;

[0018] Step 8, obtaining the real-time flow rate of the coolant, comparing the real-time flow rate with the target flow rate, and adjusting the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve according to the comparison result.

[0019] In another embodiment, the calculation formula of the initial flow rate is:

[0020] ;

[0021] In the formula, represents the initial flow, Represents the average historical temperature of the server, represents the historical temperature gradient, represents the first coupling correction coefficient, represents the second coupling correction coefficient, , Represent the index parameters, , , , , , Represent weight factors respectively.

[0022] In another embodiment, the heat exchange efficiency of the coolant is calculated as follows:

[0023] ;

[0024] In the formula, E represents the heat transfer efficiency of the coolant, Represents the coolant pressure of the externally connected liquid main pipe. represents the coolant pressure at the coolant outlet of the coolant, Represents the upper temperature limit of the server. Represents the lower temperature limit of the server. represents the pressure difference, represents the reference pressure, represents the target flow rate, Represents the real-time flow rate, , , , Represent the adjustment coefficients respectively.

[0025] In another embodiment, the first coupling coefficient is corrected by the temperature of the coolant to obtain a first coupling correction coefficient, including: obtaining the historical temperature of the coolant, obtaining the historical average temperature of the coolant as a reference temperature of the coolant, obtaining the real-time temperature of the coolant, calculating the first correction term according to the real-time temperature and the reference temperature of the coolant, and obtaining the first coupling correction coefficient by multiplying the first correction term and the first coupling coefficient.

[0026] In another embodiment, the calculation formula of the first coupling correction coefficient is:

[0027] ;

[0028] In the formula, represents the first coupling coefficient, Represents the real-time temperature of the coolant. Represents the coolant reference temperature, , Represent the adjustment factors, , The influencing factors respectively.

[0029] In another embodiment, the calculation formula of the second coupling correction coefficient is:

[0030] ;

[0031] In the formula, represents the second coupling coefficient, Represents the real-time temperature of the environment. represents the sine function, , , Represent the weight coefficients respectively.

[0032] In another embodiment, the calculation formula of the proportional factor is:

[0033] ;

[0034] In the formula, represents the scale factor, represents the first step value, Represents the second step value.

[0035] In another embodiment, the target flow rate is calculated as follows:

[0036] ;

[0037] In the formula, Represents the target flow.

[0038] In another embodiment, the real-time flow rate of the coolant is obtained, the real-time flow rate is compared with the target flow rate, and the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve is adjusted according to the comparison result, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0039] Step 81, calculating an error term according to the real-time flow rate and the target flow rate of the coolant;

[0040] Step 82, presetting a tolerance threshold for the error term;

[0041] Step 83, compare the error term with the fault tolerance threshold. When the error term is less than the fault tolerance threshold and the heat exchange efficiency is less than the first step value, increase the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve; when the error term is greater than the fault tolerance threshold and the heat exchange efficiency is greater than the second step value, reduce the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve; when the error term is equal to the fault tolerance threshold or the heat exchange efficiency is greater than or equal to the first step value and less than or equal to the second step value, maintain the current opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve.

[0042] The present invention also provides a liquid-cooled data center box cooling device, comprising a liquid-cooled data center box, a plurality of servers arranged on the liquid-cooled data center box, an external liquid main pipe, a branch pipe liquid inlet pipe, a main pipe electric control regulating valve, and a branch pipe electric control regulating valve;

[0043] The liquid-cooled data center box serves as a cooling chamber for loading coolant; several servers are inserted in parallel in the liquid-cooled data center box; several temperature sensors are arranged on the servers; several branch liquid inlet pipes are vertically installed on the external liquid access main pipe, and liquid outlets are provided on the side walls of the branch liquid inlet pipes facing the liquid-cooled data center box for injecting coolant into the liquid-cooled data center box; branch liquid inlet pipes are installed with branch pipe electric-controlled regulating valves, and the external liquid access main pipe is installed with main pipe electric-controlled regulating valves for controlling the injection flow of coolant; a coolant outlet is arranged on the top of the liquid-cooled data center box for discharging coolant.

[0044] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0045] The present invention proposes a more refined and dynamically adaptive cooling liquid control method by integrating multiple parameters and their coupling effects. First, based on the monitoring of server temperature changes in the prior art, the initial flow of the cooling liquid is calculated to ensure that the cooling requirements are initially met under different load conditions. Subsequently, the heat exchange efficiency of the cooling liquid is further calculated in combination with multi-dimensional data such as the real-time temperature, pressure difference, and ambient temperature of the cooling liquid to evaluate the actual performance of the current cooling system. Based on this heat exchange efficiency, a proportional factor is dynamically generated, which reflects the adjustment range required to achieve the best cooling effect under the current working conditions. Next, the initial flow is corrected using this proportional factor to obtain the target flow, thereby achieving more accurate cooling liquid distribution. Finally, by real-time monitoring of the actual flow of the cooling liquid and comparing it with the target flow, the system can automatically adjust the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve to ensure that the cooling liquid flow is always in the optimal state. This method not only effectively solves the limitation of traditional cooling systems that rely only on a single temperature parameter for control, but also significantly improves the dynamic response capability and overall energy efficiency of the system by introducing heat exchange efficiency calculation and proportional factor adjustment mechanisms, ensuring that the data center can still maintain efficient and stable operation in a complex and changeable working environment. This multi-level control strategy, which comprehensively considers historical data and real-time feedback, greatly improves the reliability and flexibility of the cooling system and reduces the risk of energy waste and hardware damage caused by local overheating or excessive cooling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] Figure 1 A flow chart of a cooling liquid control method for a liquid-cooled data center cabinet provided in this embodiment;

[0047] Figure 2 A three-dimensional diagram of a liquid-cooled data center box cooling device provided in this embodiment;

[0048] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of a liquid-cooled data center cabinet cooling device provided in this embodiment;

[0049] Figure 4 A three-dimensional diagram of a hidden liquid-cooled data center box of a liquid-cooled data center box cooling device provided in this embodiment.

[0050] In the figure, 1-liquid cooling data center cabinet, 2-server, 3-external access liquid main pipe, 4-main pipe electric control valve, 5-branch pipe liquid inlet pipe, 6-branch pipe electric control valve, 7-upper cover plate, 8-lower cover plate, 9-temperature sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0051] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clarify the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention; it is clearly described in detail. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0052] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a cooling liquid control method for a liquid-cooled data center cabinet, comprising the following steps:

[0053] Step 1: define a historical time period according to the current time, collect the historical temperature of each position of each server in the historical time period through the temperature sensor, and obtain the average historical temperature and historical temperature gradient of the server according to the historical temperature.

[0054] This embodiment uses the past 24 hours as the historical time period, which can capture the temperature change trend of the server in different time periods. It is preferred to install temperature sensors at key locations of the server. For example, near the CPU heat sink, near the memory module, near the power supply unit, and at the air inlet and outlet of the chassis. The weighted sum of the average temperature of the sensors at all locations of each server is obtained to obtain the overall average historical temperature of the server. For each sensor location, the historical temperature gradient is calculated. . It can be calculated by the following formula:

[0055] ;

[0056] and They are the historical temperature values ​​at the end and beginning of the past 24-hour period, The historical time period is 24 hours.

[0057] Step 2, obtain the specific heat capacity, viscosity, thermal conductivity, temperature of the coolant and the real-time temperature of the environment, substitute the viscosity, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity into the Prandtl number to obtain a first coupling coefficient, and correct the first coupling coefficient by the temperature of the coolant to obtain a first coupling correction coefficient; substitute the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the coolant into the Prandtl number to obtain a second coupling coefficient, and correct the second coupling coefficient by the real-time temperature of the environment to obtain a second coupling correction coefficient.

[0058] Furthermore, the first coupling coefficient is corrected by the temperature of the coolant to obtain a first coupling correction coefficient, including: obtaining the historical temperature of the coolant, obtaining the historical average temperature of the coolant as the reference temperature of the coolant, obtaining the real-time temperature of the coolant, calculating the first correction term according to the real-time temperature and the reference temperature of the coolant, and obtaining the first coupling correction coefficient by multiplying the first correction term and the first coupling coefficient.

[0059] In the process of calculating the flow control of the coolant, by introducing the first coupling coefficient based on the Prandtl number and further correcting it, the heat transfer characteristics of the coolant under the actual working state can be more accurately reflected. First, the historical temperature data of the coolant is obtained to determine a representative historical average temperature as the reference temperature, and the current working temperature of the coolant is monitored in real time. The first correction term is calculated based on the difference between the real-time temperature and the reference temperature, which reflects the changes in the specific heat capacity and viscosity of the coolant due to temperature changes. This correction term is multiplied by the original first coupling coefficient to obtain a first coupling correction coefficient that is closer to the actual situation. This re-correction based on the Prandtl number not only considers the influence of the basic physical properties of the coolant on the heat transfer process, but also dynamically adjusts the effects of these properties with temperature changes. Therefore, under different working conditions, especially in the face of rapidly changing load conditions, this method can provide a more accurate and faster response flow control strategy, thereby effectively improving the adaptability and energy efficiency of the cooling system, ensuring that the data center equipment operates under optimal temperature conditions, and reducing the risks and energy consumption caused by overheating or overcooling. In addition, this precise control can also help extend the service life of equipment and reduce maintenance costs.

[0060] Further:

[0061] ;

[0062] In the formula, represents the first coupling correction coefficient, represents the first coupling coefficient, Represents the real-time temperature of the coolant. Represents the coolant reference temperature, , Represent the adjustment factors, , The influencing factors respectively.

[0063] ,The real-time temperature of the coolant is presented as an exponential function. As the coolant temperature increases, the value of the exponential function decreases rapidly, which means that at higher temperatures, the heat transfer efficiency of the coolant decreases relative to its baseline state, thereby adjusting the flow demand to adapt to this change. , taking into account the difference between the real-time temperature of the coolant and the reference temperature of the coolant, and presenting it in the form of a power function. When the coolant temperature deviates significantly from the reference temperature, this part will have a greater impact on the correction factor, ensuring that the system can dynamically adjust the cooling strategy according to the actual temperature difference, improving the cooling effect while optimizing energy consumption. Therefore, through the comprehensive application of these two correction items, more accurate flow control can be achieved under different working conditions, improving the response speed and efficiency of the entire cooling system.

[0064] Furthermore: In the process involving fluid flow and heat transfer, the Prandtl number (Pr) reflects the coupling relationship between momentum transfer and heat transfer inside the fluid. Therefore, this embodiment considers the coupling effect between parameters based on the Prandtl number as a basic value. Specifically:

[0065] , is the coolant viscosity, is the specific heat capacity of the coolant, and K is the thermal conductivity of the coolant.

[0066] This embodiment also considers the coupling effect between the thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of the coolant to obtain a basic value (also obtained by the Prandtl number), and also considers the ambient temperature and periodic changes to correct the second coupling coefficient, significantly enhancing the adaptability and efficiency of the cooling system. By taking the influence of ambient temperature into consideration, the heat transfer performance of the coolant can be dynamically adjusted to adapt to changes in external conditions, including not only daily temperature fluctuations but also seasonal temperature changes. This approach makes the cooling strategy more refined and ensures that the best cooling effect and energy efficiency are maintained even in extreme weather conditions. In particular, taking into account the periodic changes in ambient temperature, such as the temperature difference between day and night or the change of seasons, it can help predict and respond in advance to the impact of temperature changes on the cooling demand of the equipment, thereby reducing the risk of performance degradation caused by temperature fluctuations. In addition, this method helps to optimize energy consumption, extend the service life of equipment, and improve the overall reliability and stability of the data center. By adjusting the cooling parameters in real time in response to changes in ambient temperature, a more intelligent and efficient cooling management strategy is achieved.

[0067] ;

[0068] In the formula, represents the second coupling correction coefficient, represents the second coupling coefficient, Represents the real-time temperature of the environment. represents the sine function, , , Represent the weight coefficients respectively.

[0069] ,This part describes the effect of ambient temperature on the coupling coefficient through a logarithmic function.,As the ambient temperature increases, the value of the logarithmic function gradually increases,,which reflects that at lower temperatures, the change in ambient temperature has a greater,effect on the coupling coefficient, while at higher temperatures, the effect is smaller.

[0070] , which describes the direct effect of ambient temperature through the square root function. As the ambient temperature increases, the value of the square root function increases linearly, but the rate of increase is slow. This shows that the increase in ambient temperature will gradually increase the coupling coefficient.

[0071] ,This part describes the influence of periodic changes in ambient temperature through a sine function. The periodic fluctuations of the sine function reflect the periodic changes in ambient temperature, which enables the coupling coefficient to dynamically respond to the periodic changes in ambient temperature, ensuring that the cooling system can maintain optimal performance in different time periods.

[0072] In summary, these correction terms work together to enable the second coupling coefficient to more accurately reflect the heat transfer characteristics under actual working conditions, thereby optimizing the flow control strategy of the cooling system and improving the overall energy efficiency and stability.

[0073] in, .

[0074] Step 3, calculating the initial flow rate according to the average historical temperature, the historical temperature gradient, the first coupling correction coefficient and the second coupling correction coefficient.

[0075] In the initial flow calculation, in addition to the basic temperature parameters, the introduction of the first coupling coefficient Pr (based on the specific heat capacity and viscosity of the coolant) and the second coupling coefficient Tc (considering the ambient temperature and thermal conductivity) can significantly improve the accuracy and adaptability of flow control. Pr optimizes the flow characteristics and heat transfer efficiency of the coolant, while ensuring efficient heat dissipation and reducing energy consumption, which is particularly suitable for the need to maintain stable operation of the server under high load conditions; while Tc enhances the system's adaptability to environmental changes and ensures the best cooling effect under different external temperatures. The application of these two coefficients not only makes the initial flow more in line with the actual working conditions, but also provides a more accurate basis for the subsequent calculation of the target flow. Through dynamic adjustment to achieve refined management of the cooling system, it effectively avoids the problem of overcooling or insufficient cooling, and improves the energy efficiency and reliability of the entire data center cooling solution. Based on these adjusted parameters, the target flow calculation can more accurately match the real-time cooling needs, thereby optimizing the operation of the electronically controlled regulating valve and ensuring the efficient and stable operation of the cooling system.

[0076] Further:

[0077] ;

[0078] In the formula, represents the initial flow, Represents the average historical temperature of the server, represents the historical temperature gradient, represents the first coupling correction coefficient, represents the second coupling correction coefficient, , Represent the index parameters, , , , , , Represent weight factors respectively.

[0079] Furthermore, , set to a value close to 1, preferably 1.2, , set to a value close to 1, preferably 1.1.

[0080] in, ,This part describes the impact of the average historical temperature of the ,server on the initial traffic. The increase of temperature has a more significant ,impact on the traffic. ,This part describes the effect of the temperature gradient by a logarithmic function, ensuring that its effect is larger at lower temperature gradients and gradually decreases at higher temperature gradients. , This section describes the effect of the rate of change of temperature gradient over time on the initial flow rate. The increase in the rate of temperature change has a more significant effect on the flow rate. ,This part describes the effect of the cumulative temperature gradient on the initial flow through integration, reflecting the cumulative effect of temperature changes over a long time, ensuring that the system can respond to the long-term temperature change trend.

[0081] Step 4, obtaining the coolant temperature of the externally connected liquid main pipe and the coolant temperature of the coolant outlet;

[0082] According to the historical temperature, get the upper and lower temperature limits of the server;

[0083] A reference pressure is preset according to the historical pressure of the coolant; the reference pressure is the average value of the historical pressure;

[0084] Obtain the coolant temperature of the externally connected liquid main pipe and the coolant temperature of the coolant outlet;

[0085] Obtain the coolant pressure of the externally connected liquid main pipe and the coolant pressure of the coolant outlet to obtain the pressure difference;

[0086] The target flow rate of the coolant is obtained by using the Nusselt number and the Reynolds number, and the real-time flow rate of the coolant is obtained;

[0087] The Nusselt number and the Reynolds number are dimensionless numbers. In this embodiment, the target flow rate of the coolant is calculated by the Nusselt number and the Reynolds number. :

[0088] ;

[0089] ;

[0090] C, m, n are constants, Re is the Reynolds number, is the coolant density, v is the historical flow rate of the coolant, D is the pipe diameter (preferably the diameter of the external access liquid main pipe), and Pr is preferably .

[0091] The heat exchange efficiency of the coolant is calculated according to the temperature upper limit, the temperature lower limit, the coolant temperature of the externally connected liquid main pipe, the coolant temperature of the coolant outlet, the reference pressure, the pressure difference, the target flow rate of the coolant, the real-time flow rate of the coolant, the first coupling correction coefficient and the second coupling correction coefficient.

[0092] ;

[0093] In the formula, E represents the heat transfer efficiency of the coolant, Represents the coolant pressure of the externally connected liquid main pipe. The coolant pressure at the coolant outlet of the substitute coolant, Represents the upper temperature limit of the server. Represents the lower temperature limit of the server. represents the pressure difference, represents the reference pressure, represents the target flow rate, Represents the real-time flow rate, , , , Represent the adjustment coefficients respectively.

[0094] in, , This section describes the effect of pressure difference on heat transfer efficiency: at lower pressure differences, the effect is greater, while at higher pressure differences, the effect gradually decreases. , This section describes the effect of the difference between the target flow rate and the actual flow rate on the heat transfer efficiency through an exponential function: when the actual flow rate is close to the target flow rate, the heat transfer efficiency is close to the maximum value; and when the actual flow rate is much lower than the target flow rate, the heat transfer efficiency drops significantly. When Pr increases, the heat transfer efficiency will also increase accordingly, ensuring that the cooling system can adapt to the characteristics of different coolants. When the ambient temperature changes, Tc will be dynamically adjusted to ensure that the cooling system can optimize the heat transfer efficiency according to changes in external conditions.

[0095] In this embodiment, the first coupling correction coefficient (Pr) and the second coupling correction coefficient (Tc) participate in the calculation of both the heat exchange efficiency and the initial flow rate. This dual role significantly improves the overall performance and adaptability of the system. Specifically, Pr reflects the heat transfer characteristics of the coolant, directly affects the heat exchange efficiency, and optimizes the cooling effect by adjusting the initial flow rate; while Tc takes into account the ambient temperature and its periodic changes to ensure that the cooling system can dynamically respond to changes in external conditions. This design enables the system to not only maintain efficient heat exchange performance under different working conditions, but also flexibly adjust the flow rate according to real-time environmental conditions, thereby achieving more sophisticated temperature control and higher energy efficiency. In this way, the cooling system can better cope with complex and changing working environments and ensure the stability and reliability of equipment operation.

[0096] Step 5, obtain the historical heat exchange efficiency of the coolant, divide the historical heat exchange efficiency into a first step range and a second step range, use the upper limit value of the first step range as the first step value, and use the upper limit value of the second step range as the second step value, the second step value is greater than the first step value.

[0097] The first 75% of the historical heat transfer efficiencies are selected as the first step range. The second step range covers the heat transfer efficiency values ​​that are lower than the first step but still maintain a certain efficiency level. The lowest 10% are excluded from all historical heat transfer efficiencies, and the remaining part is used as the second step range. Finally, the upper limit of the second step range is used as the second step value, and the second step value is greater than the first step value.

[0098] Step 6: Calculate the proportional factor according to the first step value, the second step value, and the heat exchange efficiency of the coolant.

[0099] In this embodiment, calculating the proportional factor according to the first step value, the second step value and the real-time coolant heat exchange efficiency is an effective method for optimizing flow control. Specifically, the proportional factor is determined by comparing the current heat exchange efficiency with the preset first step value and the second step value: if the current heat exchange efficiency is lower than the first step value, it indicates that the system is in an inefficient operation state. At this time, the proportional factor is close to a value greater than 1, which means that the system needs to increase the coolant flow or take other measures to improve the heat exchange efficiency. When the heat exchange efficiency is between the first step value and the second step value, it indicates that the system is operating in an ideal working range. At this time, the proportional factor is 1, which means that there is no need to adjust the cooling strategy, and the system can maintain the current operating parameters to maintain efficient operation. When the heat exchange efficiency exceeds the second step value, it indicates that the system may be in an overcooling state. At this time, the proportional factor is less than 1, which means that the coolant flow or other cooling measures need to be appropriately reduced to avoid unnecessary energy consumption and optimize the overall energy efficiency. In this way, the proportional factor is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time heat exchange efficiency to ensure the refined management of the cooling system, improve the response speed and adjustment accuracy, and thus ensure that the data center equipment can operate stably and efficiently under various working conditions. By dynamically adjusting the scaling factor, the cooling system is able to achieve finer flow control, thereby optimizing energy consumption, extending equipment life, and improving overall operational efficiency.

[0100] Specifically:

[0101] ;

[0102] In the formula, represents the scale factor, represents the first step value, Represents the second step value.

[0103] Step 7, calculating the target flow rate according to the proportional factor and the initial flow rate;

[0104] ;

[0105] In the formula, Represents the target flow.

[0106] Step 8, obtaining the real-time flow rate of the coolant, comparing the real-time flow rate with the target flow rate, and adjusting the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve according to the comparison result.

[0107] Step 81, calculating an error term according to the real-time flow rate and the target flow rate of the coolant;

[0108] Step 82, preset a tolerance threshold for the error term; preferably, the tolerance threshold is in a value range of [0.1, 0.5].

[0109] Step 83, compare the error term with the fault tolerance threshold. When the error term is less than the fault tolerance threshold and the heat exchange efficiency is less than the first step value, increase the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve; when the error term is greater than the fault tolerance threshold and the heat exchange efficiency is greater than the second step value, reduce the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve; when the error term is equal to the fault tolerance threshold or the heat exchange efficiency is greater than or equal to the first step value and less than or equal to the second step value, maintain the current opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve.

[0110] Adjusting the opening of the electric-controlled regulating valve specifically refers to adjusting the electric-controlled regulating valve of the main pipe. When one or several servers need cooling treatment, while adjusting the electric-controlled regulating valve of the main pipe, the electric-controlled regulating valve of the branch pipe that does not need cooling treatment will be closed, and the opening of the electric-controlled regulating valve of the branch pipe that needs cooling treatment will be maximized.

[0111] like Figure 2-4 As shown, this embodiment also discloses a liquid-cooled data center box cooling device, including a liquid-cooled data center box and a plurality of servers 2 arranged on the liquid-cooled data center box 1, an external liquid main pipe 3, a branch pipe liquid inlet pipe 5, a main pipe electric control regulating valve 4, and a branch pipe electric control regulating valve 6;

[0112] The liquid-cooled data center box serves as a cooling chamber for loading coolant; a number of servers 2 are inserted in parallel in the liquid-cooled data center box; a number of temperature sensors 9 are arranged on the server 2; a number of branch liquid inlet pipes 5 are vertically installed on the external liquid main pipe 3, and a liquid outlet is opened on the side wall of the branch liquid inlet pipe 5 facing the liquid-cooled data center box for injecting coolant into the liquid-cooled data center box; a branch pipe electric-controlled regulating valve 6 is installed on the branch liquid inlet pipe 5, and a main pipe electric-controlled regulating valve 4 is installed on the external liquid main pipe 3 for controlling the injection flow of the coolant; a coolant outlet is arranged on the top of the liquid-cooled data center box 1 for discharging the coolant.

[0113] Furthermore, the cavity formed between the server 2 and the liquid-cooled data center box 1 serves as a cooling channel.

[0114] Furthermore, the external access liquid main pipe 3 is connected to the external coolant device, and the external coolant device serves as the source of the coolant. The outlet of the external coolant device delivers the coolant through a pump. The coolant flows through the external access liquid main pipe 3 through the branch pipe liquid inlet pipe 5, and is delivered to the cooling channel through the liquid outlet to achieve cooling of the server 2.

[0115] Furthermore, a lower cover plate 8 is packaged at the bottom of the liquid-cooled data center box 1 for fixing the cooling device.

[0116] Furthermore, an upper cover plate 7 is provided on the top of the liquid cooling data center box 1 .

[0117] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present application, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, any equivalent changes made based on the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for controlling cooling liquid in a liquid-cooled data center cabinet, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: define a historical time period according to the current time, collect the historical temperature of each position of each server in the historical time period through a temperature sensor, and obtain the average historical temperature and historical temperature gradient of the server according to the historical temperature; Step 2, obtaining the specific heat capacity, viscosity, thermal conductivity, temperature of the coolant and the real-time temperature of the environment, substituting the viscosity, specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity into the Prandtl number to obtain a first coupling coefficient, and correcting the first coupling coefficient by the temperature of the coolant to obtain a first coupling correction coefficient; Substituting the specific heat capacity and thermal conductivity of the coolant into the Prandtl number to obtain a second coupling coefficient, and correcting the second coupling coefficient by the real-time temperature of the environment to obtain a second coupling correction coefficient; Step 3, calculating the initial flow rate according to the average historical temperature, the historical temperature gradient, the first coupling correction coefficient and the second coupling correction coefficient; Step 4, obtaining the coolant temperature of the externally connected liquid main pipe and the coolant temperature of the coolant outlet; According to the historical temperature, get the upper and lower temperature limits of the server; Preset a reference pressure; Obtain the coolant pressure of the externally connected liquid main pipe and the coolant pressure of the coolant outlet to obtain the pressure difference; The target flow rate of the coolant is obtained by using the Nusselt number and the Reynolds number, and the real-time flow rate of the coolant is obtained; Calculate the heat exchange efficiency of the coolant according to the upper temperature limit, the lower temperature limit, the coolant temperature of the externally connected liquid main pipe, the coolant temperature of the coolant outlet, the reference pressure, the pressure difference, the target flow rate of the coolant, the real-time flow rate of the coolant, the first coupling correction factor and the second coupling correction factor; Step 5, obtaining the historical heat exchange efficiency of the coolant, dividing the historical heat exchange efficiency into a first step range and a second step range, taking the upper limit value of the first step range as the first step value, taking the upper limit value of the second step range as the second step value, and the second step value is greater than the first step value; Step 6, calculating a proportional factor according to the first step value, the second step value, and the heat exchange efficiency of the coolant; Step 7, calculating the target flow rate according to the proportional factor and the initial flow rate; Step 8, obtaining the real-time flow rate of the coolant, comparing the real-time flow rate with the target flow rate, and adjusting the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve according to the comparison result.

2. The cooling liquid control method for a liquid-cooled data center box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calculation formula for the initial flow is: ； In the formula, represents the initial flow, Represents the average historical temperature of the server, represents the historical temperature gradient, represents the first coupling correction coefficient, represents the second coupling correction coefficient, , Represent the index parameters, , , , , , Represent weight factors respectively.

3. The cooling liquid control method for a liquid-cooled data center box according to claim 2, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the heat transfer efficiency of the coolant is: ； In the formula, E represents the heat transfer efficiency of the coolant, Represents the coolant pressure of the externally connected liquid main pipe. represents the coolant pressure at the coolant outlet of the coolant, Represents the upper temperature limit of the server. Represents the lower temperature limit of the server. represents the pressure difference, represents the reference pressure, represents the target flow rate, Represents the real-time flow rate, , , , Represent the adjustment coefficients respectively.

4. The cooling liquid control method for a liquid-cooled data center box according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first coupling correction coefficient is obtained by correcting the first coupling coefficient according to the temperature of the coolant, including: obtaining the historical temperature of the coolant, obtaining the historical average temperature of the coolant as the reference temperature of the coolant, obtaining the real-time temperature of the coolant, calculating the first correction term according to the real-time temperature and the reference temperature of the coolant, and obtaining the first coupling correction coefficient by multiplying the first correction term and the first coupling coefficient.

5. The cooling liquid control method for a liquid-cooled data center box according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the first coupling correction coefficient is: ； In the formula, represents the first coupling coefficient, Represents the real-time temperature of the coolant. Represents the coolant reference temperature, , Represent the adjustment factors, , They represent impact factors.

6. The cooling liquid control method for a liquid-cooled data center box according to claim 5, characterized in that: The calculation formula of the second coupling correction coefficient is: ； In the formula, represents the second coupling coefficient, Represents the real-time temperature of the environment. represents the sine function, , , Represent the weight coefficients respectively.

7. The method for controlling cooling liquid in a liquid-cooled data center box according to claim 3, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the scale factor is: ； In the formula, represents the scale factor, represents the first step value, Represents the second step value.

8. The method for controlling cooling liquid in a liquid-cooled data center box according to claim 7, characterized in that: The target flow rate is calculated as: ； In the formula, Represents the target flow.

9. The method for controlling cooling liquid in a liquid-cooled data center box according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time flow rate of the coolant is obtained, the real-time flow rate is compared with the target flow rate, and the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve is adjusted according to the comparison result, which specifically includes the following steps: Step 81, calculating an error term according to the real-time flow rate and the target flow rate of the coolant; Step 82, presetting a tolerance threshold for the error term; Step 83, compare the error term with the fault tolerance threshold. When the error term is less than the fault tolerance threshold and the heat exchange efficiency is less than the first step value, increase the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve; when the error term is greater than the fault tolerance threshold and the heat exchange efficiency is greater than the second step value, reduce the opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve; when the error term is equal to the fault tolerance threshold or the heat exchange efficiency is greater than or equal to the first step value and less than or equal to the second step value, maintain the current opening of the electronically controlled regulating valve.

10. A cooling device for a liquid-cooled data center cabinet, used to implement a cooling liquid control method for a liquid-cooled data center cabinet according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: It includes a liquid cooling data center box and several servers arranged on the liquid cooling data center box, an external liquid main pipe, a branch pipe liquid inlet pipe, a main pipe electric control regulating valve, and a branch pipe electric control regulating valve; The liquid-cooled data center box serves as a cooling chamber for loading coolant; several servers are inserted in parallel in the liquid-cooled data center box; several temperature sensors are arranged on the servers; several branch liquid inlet pipes are vertically installed on the external liquid access main pipe, and liquid outlets are provided on the side walls of the branch liquid inlet pipes facing the liquid-cooled data center box for injecting coolant into the liquid-cooled data center box; branch liquid inlet pipes are installed with branch pipe electric-controlled regulating valves, and the external liquid access main pipe is installed with main pipe electric-controlled regulating valves for controlling the injection flow of coolant; a coolant outlet is arranged on the top of the liquid-cooled data center box for discharging coolant.

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