A combined working machine with straw treatment and residual film recovery functions

Abstract

The application discloses a combined working machine with straw treatment and residual film recovery functions, which comprises a straw treatment part and a residual film recovery part arranged in front and back; the straw treatment part is provided with a straw crushing chamber, a straw crushing roller and a straw discharging pusher, the crushed straw treated by the straw crushing roller is pushed horizontally by the straw discharging pusher and discharged from a straw discharging port located at the side of the straw crushing chamber; the straw treatment part further comprises a quick-rotting agent spraying device, the quick-rotting agent spraying device comprises a plurality of nozzles extending to the side of the straw crushing chamber, and the nozzles are located directly above the straw discharging port; further comprising an adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the spacing between the nozzles, and a liquid supply mechanism for supplying the quick-rotting agent liquid to all the nozzles. In the application, the crushed straw discharged from the straw discharging port is sprayed with the quick-rotting agent liquid, the crushed straw with the quick-rotting agent falls and accumulates into a crushed straw belt located at the side of the machine, the crushed straw and the agent are fully mixed, and the subsequent decomposition of the crushed straw belt can be accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, and in particular to a combined operation machine that combines straw processing and residual film recycling functions. Background Technology

[0002] While mulching technology increases crop yields, it also leads to serious soil and environmental damage. The treatment of residual plastic film pollution in farmland has been gradually implemented, and mechanized residual plastic film recycling technology after the autumn harvest is currently the main means of controlling this pollution. The combined straw crushing and returning to the field with plastic film recycling machine is an advanced piece of equipment for recycling residual plastic film after the autumn harvest. It can collect plastic film while crushing the previous crop's straw, achieving separation of plastic film and straw, reducing the impurity rate of recycled plastic film, and facilitating its recycling and reuse. However, a large amount of straw is directly crushed and scattered on the farmland surface, which is difficult to decompose in winter, affecting the sowing of the next crop.

[0003] In the prior art, patent CN 108770391 A discloses a corn stalk crushing and collecting residual film recycling machine. This machine crushes the stalks using a cutter shaft assembly, then conveys the crushed stalks to a pneumatic lifting assembly via a screw conveyor. The pneumatic lifting assembly lifts the crushed stalks to a stalk collection box. Simultaneously, a film shovel scoops up soil, residual film, and crop stubble, conveying them to a primary and secondary lifting chain for film-soil separation. A rotating reel assembly winds around the residual film, while crop stubble and weeds fall into a film-sludge collection box assembly. This patent collects the crushed stalks but does not perform any returning-to-field operation.

[0004] Patent CN116439003A discloses a combined operation machine for cotton stalk crushing and residual film recycling. This machine can crush cotton stalks and return the crushed stalks to the field via a discarding device, and can also recycle residual film via a residual film transport chain rake and a residual film recycling bin. The applicant's earlier applications, such as CN103891442A, disclose a scheme that uses a rotating cutter shaft to crush straw, a horizontally placed auger to transport the straw to one side of the machine, and a blower and throwing pipe to return the crushed straw to the field. None of these patents consider the problem of the straw not decomposing in time, affecting subsequent cultivation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a combined operation machine that can efficiently promote the decomposition of straw and has the functions of straw treatment and residual film recycling.

[0006] Technical solution: To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a combined operation machine that combines straw processing and residual film recycling functions, which includes a straw processing section and a residual film recycling section arranged in a front-to-back configuration.

[0007] The straw processing part has a straw crushing chamber, a straw crushing roller and a straw discharging pusher, the straw crushing roller is provided with straw picking and crushing knives, the inner wall of the straw crushing chamber is provided with fixed knives for cooperating with the straw picking and crushing knives to perform straw crushing operation, the straw crushed by the straw crushing roller is pushed by the straw discharging pusher and discharged from a straw discharging opening located at the side of the straw crushing chamber;

[0008] The straw processing part further comprises a quick-rotting agent spraying device, the quick-rotting agent spraying device comprises a plurality of spray heads extending to the side of the straw crushing chamber, and the spray heads are located directly above the straw discharging opening, so that the spray heads can spray the quick-rotting agent liquid to the straw discharged from the straw discharging opening; the adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the spacing between the spray heads and the liquid supply mechanism capable of supplying the quick-rotting agent liquid to all the spray heads are further provided.

[0009] With the above structure, on the one hand, the straw discharged from the straw discharging opening is sprayed with the quick-rotting agent liquid, so that the straw is immediately covered with the quick-rotting agent when it is discharged, the straw covered with the quick-rotting agent falls and accumulates into a straw belt located at the side of the machine, the straw and the agent are fully mixed, and the decomposition of the straw belt can be accelerated. Compared with the method of first forming a straw belt and then spraying the quick-rotting agent liquid on the straw belt, the effect of promoting the decomposition of the straw is obviously better.

[0010] On the other hand, during operation, the spacing between the spray heads can be adjusted according to the straw discharging range of the straw discharging opening, so as to ensure sufficient spraying of the straw and full coverage of the straw in the straw discharging range, and ensure the uniformity of spraying, and the spraying agent has good adaptability to straws with different throwing distances.

[0011] Further, the adjusting mechanism comprises a telescopic frame, a telescopic cylinder and a telescopic controller; the telescopic frame comprises a plurality of X-shaped link hinge structures located in the middle and V-shaped link hinge structures located at both ends, the link ends of adjacent link structures are hingedly connected to each other, so that the telescopic frame forms a plurality of diamond structures, and the lowermost end of each diamond structure is provided with a spray head; the telescopic cylinder can change the overall length of the telescopic frame, and the telescopic controller is in control connection with the telescopic cylinder.

[0012] The above telescopic adjusting mechanism is convenient to adjust, can ensure that all the spray heads are always equidistantly arranged, and has stable and reliable structure.

[0013] Further, the liquid supply mechanism comprises a medicine tank, a booster pump and a liquid path, the booster pump is connected to all the spray heads through the liquid path, and the booster pump can draw the quick-rotting agent liquid from the medicine tank.

[0014] Further, the straw discharging pusher comprises a trough and an agitator rotatably installed in the trough, the straw crushed by the straw crushing roller enters the trough, and the agitator rotates to make the straw in the trough move transversely and finally discharged from the straw discharging opening.

[0015] Further, the residual film recovery part comprises a film picking roller, a film conveying chain harrow and a film collecting box arranged in sequence from front to back; the film conveying chain harrow is arranged with a low front and a high back;

[0016] The front and back sides of the straw crushing chamber are respectively provided with a front gearbox and a rear gearbox; the front gearbox is provided with a PTO input shaft, a side output shaft and a rear output shaft, the side output shaft is connected with a front driving wheel, the front driving wheel drives the straw crushing roller and the straw pushing device to operate through a belt mechanism; the rear output shaft transmits power to the rear gearbox, and the rear gearbox drives the film picking roller and the film conveying chain harrow to operate, specifically, the rear gearbox drives the film picking roller to rotate through a gear transmission mechanism, and simultaneously transmits power to the rear driving wheel at the rear side of the film conveying chain harrow through a belt transmission mechanism, and the rear driving wheel drives the film conveying chain harrow to operate.

[0017] By adopting the above structure, the transmission system is designed reasonably, and all moving parts can be driven to operate by the power of the PTO output shaft of the tractor.

[0018] In addition, the front side of the straw crushing chamber is also provided with a traction frame and a ground wheel; the traction frame is a three-point hitch mechanism for connecting the tractor; and the ground wheel is used for supporting the front side of the straw crushing chamber.

[0019] During operation, on the one hand, the straw crushing roller picks up the straw on the ground surface into the straw crushing chamber for crushing operation, the crushed straw is thrown into the straw pushing device, the straw pushing device makes the straw move horizontally, and the straw is discharged from the straw discharge port, and at the same time, the booster pump draws the quick-rotting agent liquid from the medicine tank to spray the straw discharged from the straw discharge port, the straw with the quick-rotting agent falls to the side of the machine to form a straw belt, which does not interfere with the subsequent residual film recovery operation. On the other hand, the film picking roller picks up the residual film on the ground surface to the film conveying chain harrow, the film conveying chain harrow conveys the residual film backward and upward, and all the residual film is finally collected in the film collecting box.

[0020] Beneficial effects: the combined operation machine with straw treatment and residual film recovery functions has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] (1) By spraying the quick-rotting agent liquid to the straw discharged from the straw discharge port, the straw will be covered with the quick-rotting agent when it is discharged, and the straw with the quick-rotting agent falls and accumulates to form a straw belt on the side of the machine, the straw and the agent are fully mixed, and the decomposition of the straw belt can be accelerated. Compared with spraying the quick-rotting agent liquid on the straw belt after the straw belt is formed, the effect of promoting the decomposition of the straw is obviously better.

[0022] (2) During the operation, the spacing of the nozzles can be adjusted according to the straw discharge range of the straw discharge port to ensure that the straw is fully sprayed, the straw within the discharge range is fully covered, and the uniformity of the spraying is ensured. The agent has good adaptability to spraying straw at different throwing distances.

[0023] (3) The adjustment mechanism of the nozzle is easy to extend and retract, which can ensure that all nozzles are always equidistant and the structure is stable and reliable.

[0024] (4) It realizes the integrated operation of straw crushing and returning to the field, rapid straw decomposition and fertilizer enhancement, and clean recycling of residual film. It has a compact structure, high operating efficiency and good effect, and solves the problem that existing technologies are difficult to promote and apply. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Fig. 1 A three-dimensional structural diagram of a combined operation machine that integrates straw processing and residual film recycling functions;

[0026] Fig. 2 First cross-sectional view of a combined operation machine that integrates straw processing and residual film recycling functions;

[0027] Fig. 3 This is a second cross-sectional view of a combined operation machine that integrates straw processing and residual film recycling functions.

[0028] In the diagram: 1-Traction frame; 2-Front gearbox; 3-Front drive wheel; 4-Ground wheel; 5-Stalk crushing roller; 6-Stalk discharge port; 7-Stalk discharge pusher; 8-Film pickup roller; 9-Sprayer head; 10-Telescopic frame; 11-Rear drive wheel; 12-Film collection box; 13-Film conveying chain rake; 14-Liquid circuit; 15-Booster pump; 16-Rear gearbox; 17-Medicine tank; 18-Telescopic cylinder; 19-Telescopic controller; 20-Stalk crushing chamber. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The invention will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0030] like Figs. 1 to 3 The combined operation machine shown has the functions of straw processing and residual film recycling, which includes a straw processing section and a residual film recycling section arranged in front and behind.

[0031] The straw processing section includes a straw-crushing chamber 20, a straw-crushing roller 5, and a straw-discharging pusher 7. The straw-crushing roller 5 is equipped with a straw-picking blade, such as... Fig. 2 As shown, the inner wall of the straw-crushing chamber 20 has a fixed blade that works with the straw-picking blade to crush straw. The straw that has been processed by the straw-crushing roller 5 is pushed laterally by the straw-discharging pusher 7 and discharged from the straw discharge port 6 located on the side of the straw-crushing chamber 20.

[0032] The straw treatment section also includes a quick-decomposing agent spraying device, which includes multiple nozzles 9 extending beyond the side of the straw crushing chamber 20, and the nozzles 9 are located directly above the straw discharge port 6, so that the nozzles 9 can spray quick-decomposing agent liquid onto the straw being discharged from the straw discharge port 6; it also includes an adjustment mechanism that can adjust the spacing between the nozzles 9, and a liquid supply mechanism that provides quick-decomposing agent liquid to all the nozzles 9.

[0033] Using the above structure, on the one hand, by spraying the quick-decomposing agent solution onto the straw shreds being discharged from the straw discharge port 6, the straw shreds will be coated with the quick-decomposing agent upon discharge. The straw shreds coated with the quick-decomposing agent fall and accumulate to form a straw shred belt located on the side of the machine. The straw shreds and the agent are fully mixed, which can accelerate the decomposition of the straw shred belt in the subsequent process. Compared with forming the straw shred belt first and then spraying the quick-decomposing agent solution onto the straw shred belt, the present invention has a significantly better effect on promoting straw decomposition.

[0034] On the other hand, during the operation, the spacing of the nozzles 9 can be adjusted according to the straw discharge range of the straw discharge port 6 to ensure sufficient spraying of the chopped straw, full coverage of the straw within the discharge range, and uniform spraying. It has good adaptability to spraying agents on straw at different throwing distances.

[0035] Preferably, such as Fig. 3 As shown, the adjustment mechanism includes a telescopic frame 10, a telescopic cylinder 18, and a telescopic controller 19. The telescopic frame 10 includes multiple sets of X-shaped connecting rod hinge structures located in the middle and V-shaped connecting rod hinge structures located at both ends. The ends of the connecting rods of adjacent connecting rod structures are hinged to each other, so that the telescopic frame 10 forms multiple rhomboid structures. Each rhomboid structure has a nozzle 9 installed at its lowest end. The telescopic cylinder 18 can change the overall length of the telescopic frame 10, and the telescopic controller 19 is connected to the telescopic cylinder 18 for control.

[0036] The aforementioned adjustment mechanism is easy to extend and retract, ensuring that all nozzles 9 are always equidistantly positioned, and its structure is stable and reliable.

[0037] The liquid supply mechanism includes a medicine tank 17, a booster pump 15 and a liquid path 14. The booster pump 15 is connected to all the spray heads 9 through the liquid path 14 and can draw the quick-acting agent liquid from the medicine tank 17. In an embodiment, in order to control the liquid flow rate of each spray head 9, a flow rate regulating valve can be arranged for each spray head 9. In actual use, the flow rates of the flow rate regulating valves are adjusted according to the distribution range of the straw discharge port 6 and the distribution range of the straw, so that the amount of the quick-acting agent sprayed by the spray head 9 corresponds to the amount of the straw in the operation range of the spray head 9. Generally, the closer to the straw discharge port 6, the greater the amount of the straw, and the greater the liquid flow rate of the corresponding spray head 9. The farther from the straw discharge port 6, the smaller the amount of the straw, and the smaller the liquid flow rate of the corresponding spray head 9. In this way, on-demand spraying can be achieved, the quick-acting agent can be saved, and environmental pollution caused by excessive use of the quick-acting agent can be prevented.

[0038] As shown in Fig. 3 The straw discharge pusher 7 includes a chute and an agitator rotatably installed in the chute. The crushed straw treated by the crushed straw roller 5 enters the chute, and the agitator operates to move the crushed straw in the chute transversely and finally discharges the crushed straw from the straw discharge port 6.

[0039] The residual film recovery part includes, from front to back, a film picking roller 8, a film conveying chain harrow 13 and a film collecting tank 12. The film conveying chain harrow 13 is arranged with the front being lower and the back being higher.

[0040] The front and rear sides of the crushed straw chamber 20 are respectively provided with a front gearbox 2 and a rear gearbox 16. The front gearbox 2 has a PTO input shaft, a side output shaft and a rear output shaft. The side output shaft is connected to the front drive wheel 3, and the front drive wheel 3 drives the crushed straw roller 5 and the straw discharge pusher 7 to operate through a belt mechanism. The rear output shaft transmits power to the rear gearbox 16, and the rear gearbox 16 drives the film picking roller 8 and the film conveying chain harrow 13 to operate. Specifically, the rear gearbox 16 drives the film picking roller 8 to rotate through a gear transmission mechanism, and transmits power to the rear drive wheel 11 located at the rear side of the film conveying chain harrow 13 through a belt transmission mechanism. The rear drive wheel 11 drives the film conveying chain harrow 13 to operate.

[0041] With the above structure, the transmission system is designed reasonably, and all moving parts can be driven to operate by the power of the PTO output shaft of the tractor.

[0042] In addition, the front side of the crushed straw chamber 20 is also provided with a traction frame 1 and a ground wheel 4. The traction frame 1 is a three-point hitch mechanism for connecting the tractor, and the ground wheel 4 is used to support the front side of the crushed straw chamber 20.

[0043] During operation, on one hand, the straw roller 5 picks up the straw on the ground surface to enter the straw crushing chamber 20 for crushing operation, and the crushed straw is thrown into the straw discharging pusher 7, which makes the straw move horizontally and be discharged from the straw discharging port 6. Meanwhile, the booster pump 15 draws the quick-rotting agent liquid from the agent box 17 to spray the crushed straw being discharged from the straw discharging port 6, and the crushed straw with the quick-rotting agent falls to the side of the machine to form a strip-shaped straw belt, which does not interfere with the subsequent residual film recovery operation. On the other hand, the film picking roller 8 picks up the residual film on the ground surface to the film conveying chain harrow 13, which conveys the residual film backward and upward, and all the residual film is finally collected in the film collecting box 12.

[0044] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several improvements and refinements without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A combined machine with straw treatment and residual film recovery functions, comprising a front and rear layout of a straw treatment part and a residual film recovery part; The straw treatment part has a straw crushing chamber (20), a straw crushing roller (5) and a straw discharge pusher (7), the crushed straw treated by the straw crushing roller (5) is pushed by the straw discharge pusher (7) to be discharged from the straw discharge port (6) located on the side of the straw crushing chamber (20); Characterized in that: The straw treatment part further comprises a quick-rotting agent spraying device, the quick-rotting agent spraying device comprises a plurality of spray heads (9) extending out of the side of the straw crushing chamber (20), and the spray heads (9) are located directly above the straw discharge port (6); further comprising an adjusting mechanism capable of adjusting the spacing between the spray heads (9), and a liquid supply mechanism for supplying quick-rotting agent liquid to all the spray heads (9); The spray heads (9) can spray quick-rotting agent liquid to the crushed straw being discharged from the straw discharge port (6), and the crushed straw will be coated with quick-rotting agent when it is discharged from the straw discharge port (6), and the crushed straw coated with quick-rotting agent will fall and accumulate into a crushed straw belt located on the side of the machine; A flow regulating valve is provided for each spray head (9), and in actual use, the flow of each flow regulating valve is adjusted according to the distribution range of the straw discharged from the straw discharge port (6) and the distribution range of the straw, so that the amount of quick-rotting agent sprayed by the spray heads (9) corresponds to the amount of crushed straw in the operation range of the spray heads (9), the closer to the straw discharge port (6), the greater the amount of crushed straw, and the greater the liquid flow of the corresponding spray head (9), the farther from the straw discharge port (6), the smaller the amount of crushed straw, and the smaller the liquid flow of the corresponding spray head (9).

2. The combined working machine with functions of straw treatment and residual film recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjusting mechanism comprises a telescopic frame (10), a telescopic cylinder (18) and a telescopic controller (19); the telescopic frame (10) comprises a plurality of X-shaped link hinge structures in the middle and V-shaped link hinge structures at both ends, so that the telescopic frame (10) forms a plurality of diamond structures, and the lowermost end of each diamond structure is provided with a spray head (9); the telescopic cylinder (18) can change the overall length of the telescopic frame (10), and the telescopic controller (19) is in control connection with the telescopic cylinder (18).

3. The combined working machine with functions of straw treatment and residual film recovery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The liquid supply mechanism comprises a medicine box (17), a booster pump (15) and a liquid path (14), the booster pump (15) is connected to all the spray heads (9) through the liquid path (14), and the booster pump (15) can draw quick-rotting agent liquid from the medicine box (17).

4. The combined work machine having a straw treatment and residual film recovery function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straw discharge pusher (7) comprises a chute and an auger rotatingly installed in the chute.

5. The combined work machine having a straw treatment and residual film recovery function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The residual film recovery part comprises a film picking roller (8), a film conveying chain rake (13) and a film collecting box (12) arranged in sequence from front to rear; the film conveying chain rake (13) is arranged with a low front and a high rear; The front and rear sides of the straw crushing chamber (20) are respectively provided with a front gearbox (2) and a rear gearbox (16); the front gearbox (2) is provided with a PTO input shaft, a side output shaft and a rear output shaft, the side output shaft is connected with a front driving wheel (3), the front driving wheel (3) drives the straw crushing roller (5) and the straw pushing device (7) to operate; the rear output shaft transmits power to the rear gearbox (16), and the rear gearbox (16) drives the film picking roller (8) and the film conveying chain harrow (13) to operate.

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