A method of spatiotemporal memory task paradigm combining temporal discrimination and spatial memory

Abstract

The application discloses a space-time memory task paradigm method combining time discrimination and space memory, and a space-time memory task device, which comprises a treadmill, an arc-shaped track and two connecting bottom plates, the two ends of the arc-shaped track are respectively fixed with one end of one connecting bottom plate, and the edges of the other ends of the two connecting bottom plates are respectively close to the two ends of the treadmill, so that the treadmill, the arc-shaped track and the two connecting bottom plates form a closed ring-shaped track, and rodents move on the track; and the arc-shaped track is provided with interval mark points, and the number of the mark points is 10. The space-time memory task device contacts the time length information with the accurate position information, simulates the complex situation that the scene memory time and the space information are combined, enhances the comprehensiveness of data analysis, and provides a feasible experimental paradigm for mechanism research related to the scene memory, and the influence of time reconstruction and dynamic interaction of brain function connection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of animal memory task technology, specifically relating to a spatiotemporal memory task paradigm that combines time discrimination and spatial memory. Background Technology

[0002] Episodic memory is the memory of events (situations) that an individual personally experienced and that occurred at a certain time and place, using time and space as coordinates. Episodic memory is the most advanced and the latest to mature memory system in humans, and it is also the memory system most affected by aging, showing a trend of decline with increasing age.

[0003] The hippocampus is a crucial brain structure for episodic memory. Within the hippocampus, there exists a type of neuron that specifically represents spatial information, called place cells. These cells fire action potentials at specific locations, known as the place domain of the place cell. The place domain is considered fundamental to the brain's spatial cognition. Similarly, the hippocampus also contains neurons that specifically represent temporal information, called time cells. These cells fire action potentials at specific moments, known as the time domain of the time cells. The time domain is also considered fundamental to the brain's time perception. Both spatial cognition and time perception are important components of the brain's cognitive abilities, and spatial and temporal information are also essential components of episodic memory. However, how spatial cognition and time perception rely on neuronal representations in a task-oriented state, and how the brain integrates different types of information, remain unclear. Therefore, exploring the internal neural mechanisms by which spatial and temporal information is encoded in the brain is of great significance.

[0004] However, currently, there is still no experimental paradigm in rodent research that can separately study the activity mechanisms of information encoding of temporal and spatial information in the brain, and can also link temporal and spatial information to study the neural mechanisms of episodic memory. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a spatiotemporal memory task device.

[0006] Another objective of this invention is to provide a spatiotemporal memory task paradigm that combines time discrimination and spatial location memory. This spatiotemporal memory task paradigm uses a spatiotemporal memory task device to explore the internal neural mechanisms by which temporal and spatial information are encoded in the brain under contextual memory.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution.

[0008] A spatiotemporal memory task device includes: a treadmill, an arc-shaped track, and two connecting base plates. Each end of the arc-shaped track is fixed to one end of a connecting base plate, and the edges of the other ends of the two connecting base plates are close to the two ends of the treadmill, so that the treadmill, the arc-shaped track, and the two connecting base plates form a closed loop track on which rodents move. Ten spaced markers are set on the arc-shaped track.

[0009] In the above technical solution, the curved track remains horizontal and is on the same horizontal plane as the top surface of the treadmill.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the spatiotemporal memory task device also includes a barrier plate for preventing rodents from leaving the treadmill.

[0011] A spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method that combines time discrimination and spatial memory includes: conducting a 14-day formal experiment on rodents using the aforementioned spatiotemporal memory task device. The formal experiment is conducted in seven-day cycles, with the rodents being fed a restricted diet for the first six days of each cycle and allowed to eat freely on the last day of each cycle; the formal experiment is conducted once per day in the order of steps S1, S2, and S3.

[0012] Using one end of the treadmill as the starting position, in the formal experiment, the j-th and (j+2)-th markers were selected from 10 markers each day as reward points, where 3≤j≤5 and the value of j was random. An indicator block was fixed on the arc track outside the selected j-th and (j+2)-th markers. The reward point closer to the end of the treadmill where the rodent left was designated as the near reward point, and the reward point farther away from the end of the treadmill where the rodent left was designated as the far reward point.

[0013] The direction in which rodents pass through the treadmill is opposite to the direction of movement of the running belt on the upper surface of the treadmill.

[0014] S1, Free Exploration Phase

[0015] Repeat the following operation five times: Place the rodent at the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to start, let the rodent run one lap of the track at any time and return to the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to end, and do not set a food reward for the rodent during the free exploration phase.

[0016] S2, Rule Familiarization Phase

[0017] The rule familiarization task is repeated five times. Each rule familiarization task includes a first long-term motor memory task and a first short-term motor memory task performed sequentially.

[0018] The first long-term motor memory task: Place the food reward near the reward point, place the rodent in the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to start, and make the rodent move at a constant speed on the treadmill for 15 seconds. Play a mid-frequency sound prompt to end, and the rodent leaves the treadmill and enters the arc track. When the rodent stops near the reward point and looks up to wait, play a low-frequency sound prompt to indicate that it has stopped at the correct reward position. If the rodent stops far from the reward point and looks up to wait, play a high-frequency sound prompt without any food reward, indicating that it has stopped at the wrong reward position.

[0019] The first short-term motor memory task: Place the food reward at the far reward point, place the rodent at the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to start, and make the rodent move at a constant speed on the treadmill for 6 seconds. Play a mid-frequency sound prompt to end, and the rodent leaves the treadmill and enters the arc track. When the rodent stops at the far reward point and looks up to wait, play a low-frequency sound prompt to indicate that it has stopped at the correct reward position. If the rodent stops at the near reward point and looks up to wait, play a high-frequency sound prompt without any food reward, indicating that it has stopped at the wrong reward position.

[0020] S3, Spacetime Memory Task Phase

[0021] Each session consists of 15 repetitions of the second long-term motor memory task and 15 repetitions of the second short-term motor memory task, executed in random order. A total of two sessions will be executed.

[0022] The second long-term motor memory task: Place the rodent in the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to start, and make the rodent move at a constant speed on the treadmill for 15 seconds. Play a mid-frequency sound prompt to end, and the rodent leaves the treadmill and enters the curved track. When the rodent stops near the reward point and looks up to wait, play a low-frequency sound prompt to stop at the correct reward position and give the rodent a food reward. If the rodent stops far from the reward point and looks up to wait, play a high-frequency sound prompt but do not give any food reward, indicating that the wrong reward position has been found.

[0023] The second short-term motor memory task: Place the rodent in the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to start, and make the rodent move at a constant speed on the treadmill for 6 seconds. Play a mid-frequency sound prompt to end, and the rodent leaves the treadmill and enters the curved track. When the rodent stops at the far reward point and looks up to wait, play a low-frequency sound prompt to stop at the correct reward position and give the rodent a food reward. If the rodent stops at the near reward point and looks up to wait, play a high-frequency sound prompt but do not give any food reward, indicating that the wrong reward position has been found.

[0024] In S2 and S3, during the rodent's uniform movement on the treadmill, a barrier is used to prevent the rodent from leaving the treadmill, thus allowing the rodent to complete the uniform movement for the corresponding time.

[0025] In the above technical solution, the standard for food control is: rodents are only allowed to obtain 20g to 25g of food per day.

[0026] In the above technical solution, after each step of S1, S2 and S3, the rodent is removed from the spatiotemporal memory task device and rests for 5 minutes. During the 5 minutes of the rodent's rest, the surface of the arc track is wiped to remove the scent marks left by the rodent.

[0027] In the above technical solution, the treadmill speed is set to 12m / min.

[0028] In the above technical solution, the rodent is taken away from the spatiotemporal memory task device and rested for 5 minutes between two sessions. During the 5 minutes, the surface of the arc track is wiped with a wet towel to remove the scent marks left by the rodent.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. The spatiotemporal memory task device of the present invention links time length information with precise location information, simulating the complex situation of combining temporal and spatial information in episodic memory, enhancing the comprehensiveness of data analysis. It provides a feasible experimental paradigm for the study of mechanisms related to episodic memory, such as the development and control of neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's disease, as well as the impact on the temporal reconstruction and dynamic interaction of brain functional connections. In the field of neuroscience, it is of great significance for understanding how the brain processes and stores complex information, and for promoting research and treatment in related fields.

[0031] 2. The spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method of this invention analyzes the representation patterns of hippocampal neurons for temporal and spatial information, and can also analyze the joint representation patterns in episodic memory that includes temporal information and spatial location, thus advancing current research on episodic memory. The spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method of this invention also provides a feasible method for studying the neural basis of rat spatial cognitive function and time perception ability. Attached Figure Description

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the spatiotemporal memory task device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 The accuracy of the rats in the first and second sessions;

[0035] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the firing characteristics of a rat's time cell;

[0036] Figure 5 Thermograph of the firing of position cells in rats;

[0037] Figure 6 Thermographs of discharges in rats at different coding stages.

[0038] Among them, 1: treadmill, 2: curved track, 3: marker point, 4: indicator block, 5: cylindrical support, 6: base, 7: connecting base plate, 8: blocking plate. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The spatiotemporal memory task device and paradigm method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0040] Example 1

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, a spatiotemporal memory task device includes: a treadmill 1, an arc-shaped track 2, and two connecting base plates 7. Each end of the arc-shaped track 2 is fixed to one end of a connecting base plate 7, and the edges of the other ends of the two connecting base plates 7 are close to the two ends of the treadmill 1, so that the treadmill 1, the arc-shaped track 2, and the two connecting base plates 7 form a closed loop track on which rodents (mice) move. Interval marking points 3 are set on the arc-shaped track 2.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A spatiotemporal memory task device, based on embodiment 1, wherein the treadmill 1 is a Cyons animal experimental treadmill (product number: SA101), the outer diameter of the arc track 2 is 105cm, the inner diameter is 95cm, and the central angle of the arc track 2 is 252°; each marker point 3 is a cylindrical structure with a diameter of 1cm and a height of 0.5cm, and the number of marker points is 10.

[0044] The angle range of the arc track 2 is 54° to 306°. Ten markers are evenly distributed in the arc track angle range of 118° to 242° and close to the center of the arc track. The distance between any two adjacent markers is 12cm. The first marker is fixed at the 118° position of the arc track and the tenth marker is fixed at the 242° position of the arc track.

[0045] Four circular rail supports 5 (50cm high) are fixed at the bottom of the curved track 2. The treadmill 1 is fixed on the base 6. The base 6 and the circular rail supports 5 keep the curved track 2 horizontal and make the curved track 2 and the top surface of the treadmill 1 on the same horizontal plane.

[0046] In this embodiment, the base 6 includes: a rectangular frame (45cm long and 22cm wide) and four cylindrical supports 18.5cm high. The rectangular frame is horizontally set, and the four cylindrical supports are vertically fixed below the rectangular frame. The treadmill is fixed on the rectangular frame.

[0047] The spatiotemporal memory task device also includes: a barrier plate 8, which is a 35cm×22cm black acrylic plate used to prevent rats from leaving the treadmill;

[0048] The upper surfaces of the curved track 2 and the connecting base plate 7 are covered with linoleum to isolate the metal material and provide visual cues for the rats. Both the curved track 2 and the base 6 are made of stainless steel.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] Based on Example 2, such as Figure 2 As shown, a spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method that combines time discrimination and spatial memory includes: conducting a 14-day formal experiment on rats using the spatiotemporal memory task device in Example 1. The formal experiment is conducted in seven-day cycles. For the first six days of each cycle, the rats are subject to food restriction. On the last day of each cycle, the rats are allowed to eat freely. The food restriction standard is: the rats are only allowed to receive 20g to 25g of food (rat food) per day. The formal experiment is conducted once a day in the order of steps S1, S2 and S3. After each step of S1, S2 and S3, the rats are removed from the spatiotemporal memory task device and allowed to rest for 5 minutes. During the 5 minutes of rest, the surface of the arc track is wiped to remove the scent markings left by the rats.

[0051] Using one end of the treadmill as the starting position, in the formal experiment, the j-th and (j+2)-th markers were selected from 10 markers each day as reward points, where 3≤j≤5 and the value of j was random. An indicator block 4 (a black plastic block of 7cm×3.5cm×0.1cm) was fixed on the arc track 2 outside the selected j-th and (j+2)-th markers. The reward point closer to the rat's exit from the treadmill was designated as the near reward point, and the reward point farther from the rat's exit from the treadmill was designated as the far reward point.

[0052] The rats moved through the treadmill in the opposite direction to the running belt on the upper surface of the treadmill, and the speed of the treadmill was set to 12 m / min.

[0053] S1, Free Exploration Phase

[0054] Repeat the following operation five times: Place the rat in the starting position, play a 1500Hz mid-frequency sound cue to start, let the rat run one lap of the track at any time and return to the starting position, play a 1500Hz mid-frequency sound cue to end, and do not set a food reward for the rat during the free exploration phase.

[0055] S2, Rule Familiarization Phase

[0056] The rule familiarization task is repeated five times. Each rule familiarization task includes a first long-term motor memory task and a first short-term motor memory task performed sequentially.

[0057] First long-term motor memory task: Place the food reward near the reward point, place the rat in the starting position, play a 1500Hz mid-frequency sound cue to start, let the rat move at a constant speed on the treadmill for 15 seconds, play a 1500Hz mid-frequency sound cue to end, and the rat leaves the treadmill and enters the arc track 2. When the rat stops near the reward point and leans forward to wait, play a 1000Hz low-frequency sound cue to indicate that it has stopped at the correct reward position; if the rat stops far from the reward point and leans forward to wait, play a 2000Hz high-frequency sound cue without any food reward, indicating that it has stopped at the wrong reward position.

[0058] The first short-term motor memory task: A food reward is placed at the far reward point. The rat is placed in the starting position, and a 1500Hz mid-frequency sound cue is played to start the rat moving at a constant speed on a treadmill for 6 seconds. A 1500Hz mid-frequency sound cue is played to end the movement. The rat leaves the treadmill and enters the curved track 2. When the rat stops at the far reward point and leans forward to wait, a 1000Hz low-frequency sound cue is played to indicate that it has stopped at the correct reward position. If the rat stops at the near reward point and leans forward to wait, a 2000Hz high-frequency sound cue is played but no food reward is given, indicating that it has stopped at the wrong reward position.

[0059] S3, Spacetime Memory Task Phase

[0060] Each session consists of 15 repetitions of the second long-term motor memory task and 15 repetitions of the second short-term motor memory task, executed in a random order. A total of two sessions are executed (30 repetitions of the second long-term motor memory task and 30 repetitions of the second short-term motor memory task). Between the two sessions, the rats are removed from the spatiotemporal memory task device and rest for 5 minutes. During the 5 minutes, the surface of the arc track is wiped with a damp towel to remove the scent markings left by the rats.

[0061] The second long-term motor memory task: The rat was placed in the starting position, and a 1500Hz mid-frequency sound cue was played to start the rat moving at a constant speed on the treadmill for 15 seconds. The 1500Hz mid-frequency sound cue was played to end the movement, and the rat left the treadmill and entered the curved track 2. When the rat stopped near the reward point and looked up to wait, a 1000Hz low-frequency sound cue was played to indicate that it had stopped at the correct reward position, and the rat was given a food reward. If the rat stopped far from the reward point and looked up to wait, a 2000Hz high-frequency sound cue was played, but no food reward was given, indicating that the wrong reward position had been found.

[0062] The second short-term motor memory task: The rat was placed in the starting position, and a 1500Hz mid-frequency sound cue was played to start the rat moving at a constant speed on a treadmill for 6 seconds. The 1500Hz mid-frequency sound cue was played to end the treadmill movement. The rat then left the treadmill and entered the curved track 2. When the rat stopped at the far reward point and looked up to wait, a 1000Hz low-frequency sound cue was played to indicate that it had stopped at the correct reward position, and the rat was given a food reward. If the rat stopped near the reward point and looked up to wait, a 2000Hz high-frequency sound cue was played, but no food reward was given, indicating that the wrong reward position had been found.

[0063] The rats used in the above steps were of the Long-Evans breed, and the food reward was popcorn crumbs.

[0064] In S2 and S3, during the process of rats moving at a constant speed on a treadmill, a barrier 8 was used to prevent the rats from leaving the treadmill, thus allowing the rats to complete the corresponding period of constant speed movement.

[0065] The spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method described in Example 2 was used to conduct formal experiments on rats, and the accuracy rate was recorded. The accuracy rate was used to measure the behavioral performance of the rats. The formal experimental period was two weeks, which was adjusted according to the rats' condition. Under normal circumstances, the experimental period was two weeks. The accuracy rate was calculated as follows: if the rat stopped at the correct reward position, it was judged as correct; if it stopped at the wrong reward position, it was judged as wrong. In the first and second long-term motor memory tasks, the position of the near reward point was considered the correct reward position, and the position of the far reward point was considered the wrong position. In the first and second short-term motor memory tasks, the position of the far reward point was considered the correct reward position, and the position of the near reward point was considered the wrong reward position.

[0066] according to Figure 3 It can be seen that the rats found the reward location with a higher accuracy rate than the random level (50%), proving that the rats can learn this spatiotemporal memory task device. The rats integrated and mapped time and spatial location information one-to-one within a task. Figure 3S1 represents the accuracy rate of the rat finding the reward location in the first session of the spatiotemporal memory task; S2 represents the accuracy rate of the rat finding the reward location in the second session of the spatiotemporal memory task.

[0067] During the experiment, the spatiotemporal memory task device from Example 2 was used to obtain the firing characteristics of time cells of rats on a treadmill during the spatiotemporal memory task phase, such as... Figure 4 As shown;

[0068] in, Figure 4 (a) and Figure 4 (b) shows the action potential firing of a single cell from the rat during all second short-term motor memory tasks in the first and second sessions, respectively. Figure 4 (c) and Figure 4 (d) represents the action potential firing of the same cell in the rat during all second-long-duration motor memory tasks in the first and second sessions, respectively. Figure 4 (a) to Figure 4 (d) are all discharge grid diagrams.

[0069] Figure 4 (e) and Figure 4 ... Figure 4 (e) and Figure 4 (f) are all discharge thermal diagrams. Figure 4 (g) is a graph showing the changes in firing rate on the time axis for all second short-term motor memory tasks and all second long-term motor memory tasks during the spatiotemporal memory task phase. Based on this paradigm, time cells can be collected, and subsequent single-neuron and neuron cluster analyses can be performed to explore the brain's encoding mechanism of temporal information.

[0070] During the experiment, the firing characteristics of rat cells on the arc-shaped track were also obtained, such as... Figure 5 As shown, Figure 5 The left and middle images show the firing characteristics of cells near the far reward point of a rat on an arc-shaped track. Figure 5 The right-middle figure shows the firing characteristics of place cells in rats near the reward point on an arc-shaped track. This paradigm allows for the collection of place cells and subsequent analysis of single neurons and neuronal clusters to explore the brain's encoding mechanisms of temporal information.

[0071] During the experiment, based on the rats' behavioral performance and firing characteristics under the temporal-spatial memory task on any day of the experimental period, the rats' encoding ability of temporal and spatial information in episodic memory was analyzed. This creates conditions for scientific research on the encoding of multiple information under post-episodic memory, such as... Figure 6 As shown. Among them, Figure 6 The top left image shows the representation of time cells in rats during the second short-term motor memory task. Figure 6 The lower left image shows the representation of time cells in rats during the second long-term motor memory task. Figure 6 The top right image shows the representation of place cells in rats during the second short-term motor memory task. Figure 6 The lower right image shows the representation of place cells in rats during the second long-term motor memory task. According to... Figure 6 It can be seen that by exploring the rat's ability to jointly encode temporal and spatial information at the single neuron level and the neural cluster level, we can further explore the neural mechanism of episodic memory that integrates multiple information and the pathological mechanism and subsequent regulation of related diseases.

[0072] The present invention has been described above by way of example. It should be noted that any simple modifications, alterations or other equivalent substitutions that can be made by those skilled in the art without creative effort without departing from the core of the present invention fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spatiotemporal memory task paradigm that combines time discrimination and spatial memory, wherein the spatiotemporal memory task device includes: The system comprises a treadmill, an arc-shaped track, and two connecting base plates. Each end of the arc-shaped track is fixed to one end of a connecting base plate. The edges of the other ends of the two connecting base plates are located near the ends of the treadmill, forming a closed loop track on which rodents move. Ten spaced markers are provided on the arc-shaped track. The spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method includes: using the spatiotemporal memory task device to conduct a 14-day formal experiment on rodents. The formal experiment is conducted in a seven-day cycle. For the first six days of each cycle, the rodents are fed a restricted diet, and on the last day of each cycle, the rodents are allowed to eat freely. The formal experiment is conducted once a day in the order of steps S1, S2 and S3. Using one end of the treadmill as the starting position, in the formal experiment, the j-th and (j+2)-th markers were selected from 10 markers each day as reward points, where 3≤j≤5 and the value of j was random. An indicator block was fixed on the arc track outside the selected j-th and (j+2)-th markers. The reward point closer to the end of the treadmill where the rodent left was designated as the near reward point, and the reward point farther away from the end of the treadmill where the rodent left was designated as the far reward point. The direction in which rodents pass through the treadmill is opposite to the direction of movement of the running belt on the upper surface of the treadmill. S1, Free Exploration Phase Repeat the following operation five times: Place the rodent at the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to start, let the rodent run one lap of the track at any time and return to the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to end, and do not set a food reward for the rodent during the free exploration phase. S2, Rule Familiarization Phase The rule familiarization task is repeated five times. Each rule familiarization task includes a first long-term motor memory task and a first short-term motor memory task performed sequentially. The first long-term motor memory task: Place the food reward near the reward point, place the rodent in the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to start, and make the rodent move at a constant speed on the treadmill for 15 seconds. Play a mid-frequency sound prompt to end, and the rodent leaves the treadmill and enters the arc track. When the rodent stops near the reward point and looks up to wait, play a low-frequency sound prompt to indicate that it has stopped at the correct reward position. If the rodent stops far from the reward point and looks up to wait, play a high-frequency sound prompt without any food reward, indicating that it has stopped at the wrong reward position. The first short-term motor memory task: Place the food reward at the far reward point, place the rodent at the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to start, and make the rodent move at a constant speed on the treadmill for 6 seconds. Play a mid-frequency sound prompt to end, and the rodent leaves the treadmill and enters the arc track. When the rodent stops at the far reward point and looks up to wait, play a low-frequency sound prompt to indicate that it has stopped at the correct reward position. If the rodent stops at the near reward point and looks up to wait, play a high-frequency sound prompt without any food reward, indicating that it has stopped at the wrong reward position. S3, Spacetime Memory Task Phase Each session consists of 15 repetitions of the second long-term motor memory task and 15 repetitions of the second short-term motor memory task, executed in random order. A total of two sessions will be executed. The second long-term motor memory task: Place the rodent in the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to start, and make the rodent move at a constant speed on the treadmill for 15 seconds. Play a mid-frequency sound prompt to end, and the rodent leaves the treadmill and enters the curved track. When the rodent stops near the reward point and looks up to wait, play a low-frequency sound prompt to stop at the correct reward position and give the rodent a food reward. If the rodent stops far from the reward point and looks up to wait, play a high-frequency sound prompt but do not give any food reward, indicating that the wrong reward position has been found. The second short-term motor memory task: Place the rodent in the starting position, play a mid-frequency sound prompt to start, and make the rodent move at a constant speed on the treadmill for 6 seconds. Play a mid-frequency sound prompt to end, and the rodent leaves the treadmill and enters the curved track. When the rodent stops at the far reward point and looks up to wait, play a low-frequency sound prompt to stop at the correct reward position and give the rodent a food reward. If the rodent stops at the near reward point and looks up to wait, play a high-frequency sound prompt but do not give any food reward, indicating that the wrong reward position has been found. In S2 and S3, during the rodent's uniform movement on the treadmill, a barrier is used to prevent the rodent from leaving the treadmill, thus allowing the rodent to complete the uniform movement for the corresponding time.

2. The spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The curved track remains horizontal and is on the same horizontal plane as the top surface of the treadmill.

3. The spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The spacetime memory device also includes a barrier to prevent rodents from leaving the treadmill.

4. The spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standard for food control is: rodents are only allowed to receive 20g to 25g of food per day.

5. The spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method according to claim 1, characterized in that, After each step of S1, S2 and S3, the rodent is removed from the spacetime memory task device and rests for 5 minutes. During the 5 minutes of rest, the surface of the arc track is wiped to remove the scent marks left by the rodent.

6. The spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The treadmill speed is set to 12m / min.

7. The spatiotemporal memory task paradigm method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Between sessions, the rodents are removed from the spacetime memory task device and rested for 5 minutes. During these 5 minutes, the surface of the curved track is wiped to remove the scent marks left by the rodents.

Images