Apparatus and process for precise separation of waste battery modules by fitting shape and density parameters

Abstract

This invention relates to an apparatus and process for accurately separating waste battery components by fitting shape and density parameters, and to the technical field of battery recycling. It includes a magnetic separation platform and a separation platform. The magnetic separation platform has two sets of magnetic screening components, each set including a limiting frame. Within the limiting frame are three sets of magnetic rollers symmetrically distributed in pairs. An adjustment section is provided on one side of the limiting frame. A storage bin is provided on the magnetic separation platform, and a feeding ramp is provided on the storage bin. This invention solves the following problems existing in the prior art: First, after waste batteries are crushed, adhesive residue adheres to the positive electrode metal material, causing the negative electrode graphite material to become trapped on the positive electrode metal material and difficult to separate. Second, during magnetic separation operations, waste battery fragments are usually screened in one go, resulting in a large amount of waste material being mixed together, which easily leads to the leakage of positive electrode metal material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of battery recycling, and in particular to an apparatus and process for accurately separating waste battery components by fitting shape and density parameters. Background Technology

[0002] Precise separation of shape and density parameters for waste battery components and recycling of waste lithium batteries is a complex but important process.

[0003] The processing of spent lithium-ion batteries typically begins with charge detection and discharge treatment, followed by cutting and removing the casing to obtain cell fragments. These fragments undergo graded stripping using stripping solutions of varying proportions to separate the positive electrode material, negative electrode material, copper foil, and aluminum foil. In this process, primary and secondary stripping agents are used at different stripping stages to improve the material recovery rate and purity.

[0004] Therefore, this application also provides a Chinese patent with publication number CN116078549A, which relates to a multi-stage magnetic separator for lithium battery recycling, effectively solving the problem of insufficient contact between magnetic materials and magnetic separation components, thus preventing multi-stage magnetic separation. The technical solution includes a fixed funnel and a shell located below the funnel. A cylinder capable of vertical movement is installed inside the funnel. A support rod capable of vertical movement is installed at the axis of the cylinder. An end cap located below the cylinder is installed at the lower end of the support rod. Moving the support rod upwards allows the end cap to close the lower end of the cylinder. Multiple ropes connect the lower end of the cylinder and the end cap. A rotatable material distribution plate is installed at the lower end of the end cap. Multiple radial guide rods are evenly distributed around the side wall of the cylinder. The guide rods can reciprocate and return to their original position relative to the support rod. An arc-shaped scraper is fixed to the outer end of each guide rod. When the support rod rises, it drives multiple guide rods to move outwards, causing the scraper to contact the inner wall of the shell. Through two-stage screening, the magnetic materials in the material can be fully screened.

[0005] However, the above-mentioned magnetic separators still have some shortcomings in actual use:

[0006] 1. Firstly, in the above-mentioned existing technology, the efficiency and accuracy of screening magnetic materials are improved by multi-stage magnetic separation. However, it should be noted that after the waste battery is broken, the positive electrode metal material will be adhered to the adhesive. The adhesive has a certain viscosity, which will cause the graphite material of the negative electrode of the battery to be trapped on the positive electrode metal material of the battery and difficult to separate.

[0007] 2. Furthermore, in the existing technology, when performing magnetic separation on crushed waste batteries, the crushed waste batteries are stored in a special box. Therefore, when screening them, the amount of magnetic separation is usually very large each time, which will cause a large amount of positive electrode metal material of the batteries to be mixed in the graphite, resulting in the leakage of the screening and further affecting the accuracy of magnetic separation.

[0008] 3. Finally, in the existing technology, the effect of multi-stage magnetic separation of the positive electrode metal material of the battery is poor.

[0009] Therefore, based on the above-stated viewpoints, there is still room for improvement in existing magnetic separator devices. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an apparatus and process for accurately separating waste battery modules by fitting shape and density parameters, employing the following technical solution:

[0011] In a first aspect, this application provides an apparatus for accurately separating waste battery components by fitting shape and density parameters, including a stationary magnetic separation platform and a stationary separation platform. The magnetic separation platform and the separation platform are integrated. The magnetic separation platform is provided with two sets of magnetic separation screening components for screening the crushed waste batteries. The two sets of magnetic separation screening components are distributed along the height direction of the magnetic separation platform. Each set of magnetic separation screening components includes a limiting frame that is slidably arranged along the length direction of the magnetic separation platform. The limiting frame is provided with three sets of magnetic separation rollers that are symmetrically distributed in pairs. One side of the limiting frame is provided with an adjustment part for adjusting the spacing between the magnetic separation rollers.

[0012] The magnetic separation platform is equipped with a storage bin that slides along its length.

[0013] Preferably, the magnetic separation platform and the separation platform are provided with two guide columns that pass through the limiting frame. The guide columns are installed between the magnetic separation platform and the separation platform. The magnetic separation platform and the separation platform are provided with two reciprocating threaded rods that pass through the limiting frame. The reciprocating threaded rods are installed between the magnetic separation platform and the separation platform, and the guide columns and the reciprocating threaded rods are correspondingly arranged. A switching motor connected to the two reciprocating threaded rods is provided on the same side. The switching motor is mounted on the outer wall of the separation platform through a motor mount.

[0014] Preferably, the adjustment part includes a control block, a bidirectional adjustment rod, and an adjustment block. Adjustment slots are provided on both sides of the limiting frame along its length. Several control blocks are slidably disposed in the adjustment slots and correspond one-to-one with the magnetic separation rollers. The adjustment blocks are disposed on the several control blocks. The bidirectional adjustment rod is rotatably disposed on the side of the limiting frame near the separation platform via a bearing. Several adjustment blocks are screwed onto the bidirectional adjustment rod.

[0015] Preferably, the bidirectional adjusting rod is provided with three sets of bidirectional threaded grooves, and the adjusting blocks on the three sets of magnetic separation rollers, which are symmetrically distributed in pairs, correspond to the three sets of bidirectional threaded grooves.

[0016] Preferably, the separation platform is further provided with a secondary screening component, which includes a screening frame, a linkage screening column, a vibration spring, and a vibration cam. The screening frame is located inside the separation platform, and the bottom of the screening frame is connected to the bottom of the separation platform by a vibration spring. The vibration cam abuts against the bottom of the screening frame.

[0017] The linkage screening column is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the separation platform, and the vibrating cam is installed on the linkage screening column.

[0018] Preferably, an energizing component for controlling the start and stop of magnetic separation of the magnetic separation roller is also provided between the magnetic separation platform and the separation platform. The energizing component includes several sets of energizing coils located inside the magnetic separation roller. One side of the energizing coil extends outward to the outside of the limiting frame. A conductive sheet is installed on the side of the energizing coil away from the separation platform. Two disconnected passive metal parts are provided on the conductive sheet. The passive metal parts are located on the limiting frame and abut against an active metal part. A reset spring is installed between the active metal part and the limiting frame.

[0019] Preferably, the separation platform is also connected to two linkage rods, and the two linkage rods are on the same straight line as the active metal parts on the two limiting frames.

[0020] Preferably, the magnetic separation platform is provided with four sets of rectangularly distributed limiting posts, one of which is a bidirectional threaded structure. The storage box is provided on the four sets of limiting posts. The bottom of the storage box is symmetrically provided with fixing plates on both sides in the length direction. The bottom of the storage box is hinged with feeding inclined plates on both sides in the width direction.

[0021] A moving motor is connected to the limiting post with a bidirectional thread structure, and a linkage belt connects the limiting post with the linkage screening post.

[0022] Preferably, the fixed plate is rotatably provided with a spacing adjusting threaded rod for adjusting the spacing of the feeding sloping plates. A spacing adjusting plate is symmetrically screwed onto the spacing adjusting threaded rod. The spacing adjusting plate is a telescopic structure. The end of the spacing adjusting plate away from the spacing adjusting threaded rod is hinged to the outer wall of the feeding sloping plate. The feeding sloping plate is a telescopic structure.

[0023] Secondly, this application also provides a process for accurately separating waste battery modules by fitting shape and density parameters. The process for accurately separating waste battery modules by fitting shape and density parameters is as follows:

[0024] S1. Preliminary treatment: Used batteries are first completely discharged through chemical methods to ensure that the battery cells are deactivated;

[0025] S2. Crushing process: The battery is crushed using a shredder or crusher to obtain fragments containing the positive electrode metal material and the negative electrode graphite material of the battery.

[0026] S3. Magnetic separation: The crushed mixture is poured into the storage box. The feeding speed is controlled by the storage box, and the mixture enters the magnetic separation platform. The positive electrode metal material of the battery is magnetically separated by the magnetic separation roller.

[0027] S4. Screening process: After magnetic separation to collect the positive electrode metal material of the battery, the remaining mixture is screened to separate the solid material in the negative electrode graphite material of the battery.

[0028] S5. Pyrolysis treatment: The positive electrode metal material of the battery separated by magnetic separation is pyrolyzed to remove organic binders and electrolyte, and the battery positive electrode metal material is obtained after complete pyrolysis.

[0029] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] 1. The storage bin in this invention can store crushed waste batteries and control the amount of material fed in, ensuring that the crushed waste batteries can be screened in an orderly manner, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of magnetic separation of crushed waste batteries, avoiding the crushed waste batteries from piling up and causing feeding difficulties, which also affects the magnetic separation effect of crushed waste batteries.

[0031] Second, the secondary screening component in this invention can vibrate the positive electrode metal material of the battery after magnetic separation, and separate the graphite material of the negative electrode of the battery that is attached to it by vibration, so as to ensure the cleanliness of the magnetically separated positive electrode metal material of the battery and avoid graphite being mixed in the positive electrode metal material of the battery.

[0032] Third, the present invention is equipped with two sets of magnetic separation rollers, which alternately magnetically separate the positive electrode metal material in the crushed waste battery, thereby greatly improving the efficiency of magnetic separation. Attached Figure Description

[0033] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0034] Figure 1 This is a first-view structural schematic diagram of the device for separating waste battery components according to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a second-view structural schematic diagram of the device for separating waste battery components according to the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the magnetic separation platform, separation platform, limiting frame, guide column, reciprocating threaded rod and switching motor of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure between the magnetic separation sieve and the adjustment part of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment part of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the energized component of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This is the present invention. Figure 6 A magnified view of section A in the image.

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the secondary screening component of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for controlling the movement of the storage bin according to the present invention.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure for controlling the movement of the feeding inclined plate according to the present invention.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a flowchart of the process for accurately separating waste battery components by fitting shape and density parameters according to the present invention.

[0045] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0046] 1. Magnetic separation platform; 2. Separation platform; 3. Magnetic separation screening component; 30. Limiting frame; 31. Magnetic separation roller; 4. Adjustment section; 7. Storage box; 10. Guide column; 11. Reciprocating threaded rod; 12. Switching motor; 41. Bidirectional adjusting rod; 40. Control block; 42. Adjusting block; 43. Bidirectional threaded groove; 5. Secondary screening component; 50. Screening frame; 51. Linked screening column; 52. Vibration spring; 53. Vibration cam; 6. Electrically powered component; 60. Electrically powered coil; 61. Conductive sheet; 62. Passive metal component; 63. Active metal component; 64. Return spring; 65. Linkage rod; 70. Limiting column; 71. Fixing plate; 72. Discharge inclined plate; 75. Moving motor; 73. Spacing adjustment threaded rod; 74. Spacing adjustment plate; 8. Linkage belt. Detailed Implementation

[0047] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-11 This application will be described in further detail.

[0048] This application discloses an apparatus for accurately separating waste battery components by fitting shape and density parameters. This apparatus for separating waste battery components is mainly used in the process of waste battery recycling. In terms of technical effect, it can improve the efficiency of magnetic separation in waste batteries, adsorb and separate the positive electrode active material in waste batteries, and improve the separation efficiency.

[0049] Further, the waste batteries need to be crushed before magnetic separation, which causes the positive electrode metal material of the waste batteries to mix with the graphite of the negative electrode. As a result, the graphite of the negative electrode will stick or adhere to the surface and corners of the positive electrode metal material. When separating the positive electrode metal material of the waste batteries in the later stage, some graphite will be mixed in, which will greatly reduce the effect of magnetic separation of waste batteries and affect its efficiency.

[0050] When performing magnetic separation on crushed waste batteries, the crushed waste batteries are stored in a special box. Therefore, the amount of magnetic separation is usually very large each time, which will cause a large amount of positive electrode metal material of the batteries to be mixed in with the graphite, resulting in the leakage of the screening and further affecting the accuracy of magnetic separation.

[0051] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 The diagram shows a schematic of the device for separating waste battery components according to this application. The device for accurately separating waste battery components by fitting shape and density parameters includes a stationary magnetic separation platform 1 and a stationary separation platform 2. The magnetic separation platform 1 and the separation platform 2 are integrated. The magnetic separation platform 1 is provided with two sets of magnetic separation screening components 3 for screening the crushed waste batteries. The two sets of magnetic separation screening components 3 are distributed along the height direction of the magnetic separation platform 1. Each set of magnetic separation screening components 3 includes a limiting frame 30 that is slidably arranged along the length direction of the magnetic separation platform 1. The limiting frame 30 is provided with three sets of magnetic separation rollers 31 that are symmetrically distributed in pairs. One side of the limiting frame 30 is provided with an adjustment part 4 for adjusting the spacing of the magnetic separation rollers 31.

[0052] A storage bin 7 is provided on the magnetic separation platform 1, which slides along its length.

[0053] This application includes a magnetic separation platform 1 and a separation platform 2. The magnetic separation platform 1 is mainly used for crushing and magnetic attraction of waste battery components, while the separation platform 2 is mainly used for screening and agitating the metal materials in the magnetically attracted waste battery components to separate the graphite materials mixed in the positive electrode metal materials in the waste battery components.

[0054] To improve the efficiency of magnetic separation, the magnetic separation platform 1 in this application is also equipped with two sets of magnetic separation screening components 3. By alternating magnetic separation through the two sets of magnetic separation screening components 3, the magnetic separation of waste battery components can be guaranteed to have a certain continuity, which greatly improves the efficiency of magnetic separation.

[0055] The storage bin 7 in this invention can store crushed waste batteries and control the amount of material fed in, ensuring that the crushed waste batteries can be screened in an orderly manner, greatly improving the efficiency and accuracy of magnetic separation of crushed waste batteries, avoiding the crushed waste batteries from piling up and causing feeding difficulties, and also affecting the magnetic separation effect of crushed waste batteries.

[0056] The secondary screening component 5 in this invention can vibrate the positive electrode metal material of the battery after magnetic separation, and separate the graphite material of the negative electrode of the battery that is attached to it by vibration, so as to ensure the cleanliness of the magnetically separated positive electrode metal material of the battery and avoid graphite being mixed in the positive electrode metal material of the battery.

[0057] The present invention is provided with two sets of magnetic separation rollers 31. The two sets of magnetic separation rollers 31 alternately magnetically separate the positive electrode metal material in the crushed waste battery, which can greatly improve the efficiency of magnetic separation.

[0058] When recycling and separating used batteries, the type of used battery is first observed, and the spacing of the magnetic separator rollers 31 in the device is adjusted as needed. When the recycled used batteries are mainly button batteries, which are small in size, the spacing between the magnetic separator rollers 31 is reduced by adjusting the adjustment unit 4 to prevent the small button battery metal magnetic material from slipping through the gaps between the magnetic separator rollers 31. When the recycled used batteries are mainly cylindrical dry cell batteries, their positive electrode metal material is larger in size. If the spacing between the magnetic separator rollers 31 is small, the positive electrode metal material will block between the magnetic separator rollers 31, affecting the efficiency of the magnetic separation of the battery's positive electrode metal material and causing blockage. Therefore, this application proposes an adjustment unit 4, as shown below.

[0059] See Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the adjustment unit 4 includes a control block 40, a bidirectional adjustment rod 41, and an adjustment block 42. The limiting frame 30 has adjustment slots on both sides in the length direction. Several control blocks 40 are slidably arranged in the adjustment slots and correspond one-to-one with the magnetic separation roller 31. The adjustment block 42 is arranged on several control blocks 40. The bidirectional adjustment rod 41 is rotatably arranged on the side of the limiting frame 30 near the separation platform 2 through a bearing. Several adjustment blocks 42 are screwed onto the bidirectional adjustment rod 41.

[0060] It should be noted that the bidirectional adjusting rod 41 is equipped with bidirectional threaded structures corresponding to the three sets of magnetic separation rollers 31.

[0061] The bidirectional adjusting rod 41 is provided with three sets of bidirectional threaded grooves 43, and the adjusting blocks 42 on the three sets of magnetic separation rollers 31, which are symmetrically distributed in pairs, correspond to the three sets of bidirectional threaded grooves 43.

[0062] Secondly, the limiting frame 30 in this application is provided with six magnetic separation rollers 31, and the six magnetic separation rollers 31 are divided into three groups, which are distributed in pairs.

[0063] In the specific implementation process, rotating the bidirectional adjusting rod 41 will control the relative movement of the three sets of corresponding adjusting blocks 42, thereby controlling the relative movement of the three sets of magnetic separation rollers 31. Furthermore, rotating the bidirectional adjusting rod 41 clockwise will gradually decrease the distance between the magnetic separation rollers 31 in the three sets of magnetic separation rollers 31; conversely, rotating it counterclockwise will gradually increase the distance.

[0064] See Figure 6 and Figure 7 As shown, in this embodiment, the energizing component 6 generates magnetic force when the magnetic separation roller 31 is energized and loses magnetic force when the power is cut off. The energizing component 6, which controls the start and stop of magnetic separation of the magnetic separation roller 31, is also provided between the magnetic separation platform 1 and the separation platform 2. The energizing component 6 includes several sets of energizing coils 60 located inside the magnetic separation roller 31. One side of the energizing coil 60 extends outward to the outside of the limiting frame 30. The side of the energizing coil 60 away from the separation platform 2 is equipped with a conductive sheet 61. Two disconnected passive metal parts 62 are provided on the conductive sheet 61. The passive metal parts 62 are located on the limiting frame 30, and an active metal part 63 abuts against the passive metal part 62. A reset spring 64 is installed between the active metal part 63 and the limiting frame 30.

[0065] The passive metal part 62 and the active metal part 63 are connected to the outside via wires on opposite sides.

[0066] The separation platform 2 is also connected to two linkage rods 65, and the two linkage rods 65 are on the same straight line as the active metal parts 63 on the two limiting frames 30.

[0067] It should be noted that, in the initial state, the magnetic separation roller 31 located at the upper end of the magnetic separation platform 1 abuts against the inner wall of the magnetic separation platform 1, while the magnetic separation roller 31 located at the lower end of the magnetic separation platform 1 is located inside the separation platform 2.

[0068] After the external equipment transports the broken waste batteries into the magnetic separation platform 1, the magnetic separation rollers 31 are started, causing several magnetic separation rollers 31 to rotate. It should be noted that the equipment that makes the magnetic separation rollers 31 rotate is a known existing component, namely a motor; therefore, it will not be described in detail.

[0069] The magnetic separation rollers 31 located at the upper end of the magnetic separation platform 1 rotate symmetrically in pairs. The crushed waste batteries that enter the magnetic separation platform 1 fall out from the gap between the magnetic separation rollers 31 as the magnetic separation rollers 31 rotate. At the same time, the positive electrode metal material mixed in the waste battery assembly will be adsorbed by the magnetic separation rollers 31.

[0070] After the magnetic separation roller 31 adsorbs a certain amount of positive metal material, the magnetic separation roller 31 located at the upper end of the magnetic separation platform 1 moves into the separation platform 2 along with the corresponding limiting frame 30. After the magnetic separation roller 31 has moved into the separation platform 2, the active metal part 63 and the passive metal part 62 on the magnetic separation roller 31 are separated due to the squeezing of the linkage column. At this time, the energized coil 60 inside the magnetic separation roller 31 loses power, causing the magnetic separation roller 31 to no longer have the magnetic attraction effect. At this time, the positive metal material adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic separation roller 31 will fall into the separation platform 2.

[0071] Looking back Figure 3 The diagram shows a schematic of the alternating magnetic separation structure of the magnetic separation roller 31. Two guide columns 10 with limiting frames 30 are provided on both the magnetic separation platform 1 and the separation platform 2. The guide columns 10 are installed between the magnetic separation platform 1 and the separation platform 2. Two reciprocating threaded rods 11 with limiting frames 30 are provided on both the magnetic separation platform 1 and the separation platform 2. The reciprocating threaded rods 11 are installed between the magnetic separation platform 1 and the separation platform 2, and the guide columns 10 and the reciprocating threaded rods 11 are correspondingly arranged. A switching motor 12 connected to the two reciprocating threaded rods 11 is provided on the same side. The switching motor 12 is mounted on the outer wall of the separation platform 2 through a motor mount.

[0072] It should be noted that the guide column 10 is mainly used in the magnetic separation screening component 3 to limit the sliding limit frame 30 on it, so as to ensure that the limit frame 30 drives the magnetic separation roller 31 to move horizontally. The reciprocating threaded rod 11 is mainly used to ensure that the two limit frames 30 and the magnetic separation roller 31 can move alternately.

[0073] First, a limiting frame 30 is located inside the magnetic separation platform 1 to perform magnetic separation on the falling mixture of crushed waste batteries. When the magnetic separation roller 31 on one of the limiting frames 30 adsorbs a large amount of positive electrode metal material, the corresponding switching motor 12 is started. The switching motor 12 drives the magnetic separation roller 31, which has adsorbed a large amount of positive electrode metal material, to move into the separation platform 2 by controlling the reciprocating screw rod 11. Then, the magnetic separation roller 31 that has entered the separation platform 2 loses power and magnetism. At the same time, the large amount of positive electrode metal material adsorbed on the magnetic separation roller 31 falls into the screening frame 50 of the secondary screening component 5.

[0074] See Figure 8 The diagram shows a secondary screening structure for a large amount of positive electrode metal material collected in the screening frame 50 in this application. After the magnetic separation roller 31 adsorbs and collects the positive electrode metal material of the battery, a large amount of graphite will be adsorbed in the gaps or adhesive of the positive electrode metal material of the battery, and it is difficult to remove. Therefore, in order to improve its removal rate, this application proposes a secondary screening component 5.

[0075] The separation platform 2 is also equipped with a secondary screening component 5, which includes a screening frame 50, a linkage screening column 51, a vibration spring 52, and a vibration cam 53. The screening frame 50 is located inside the separation platform 2, and the bottom of the screening frame 50 is connected to the bottom of the separation platform 2 by the vibration spring 52. The vibration cam 53 abuts against the bottom of the screening frame 50.

[0076] The linkage screening column 51 is rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the separation platform 2, and the vibrating cam 53 is mounted on the linkage screening column 51.

[0077] It should be noted that a number of vibration springs 52 are provided at the bottom of the screening frame 50, and the side of the vibration springs 52 away from the screening frame 50 is provided on the inner wall of the separation platform 2.

[0078] The bottom and all sides of the screening frame 50 are provided with several feeding holes at equal intervals for separating graphite from the positive electrode metal material of waste batteries.

[0079] When a large amount of waste battery positive electrode metal enters the screening frame 50, the moving motor 75 starts and drives the linkage screening column 51 to rotate. The linkage screening column 51 controls the vibration cam 53 to rotate. At this time, the vibration cam 53 impacts the screening frame 50, causing the screening frame 50 to vibrate. The waste battery positive electrode metal material inside collide and vibrate with each other, causing the graphite and some other impurities mixed inside to fall off and fall from the discharge hole at the bottom of the screening frame 50 to the special area for collecting graphite.

[0080] After the positive electrode metal material of the waste battery is separated from the graphite, the positive electrode metal material of the waste battery is collected in a unified manner, while the other mixtures in the waste battery are processed later.

[0081] See Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the magnetic separation platform 1 is provided with four sets of rectangularly distributed limiting posts 70, one of which is a bidirectional threaded structure. The storage box 7 is located on the four sets of limiting posts 70. The bottom of the storage box 7 is symmetrically provided with fixing plates 71 on both sides in the length direction. The bottom of the storage box 7 is hinged with feeding inclined plates 72 on both sides in the width direction.

[0082] A moving motor 75 is connected to the limiting post 70 with a two-way threaded structure, and a linkage belt 8 is connected between the limiting post 70 with the linkage screening post 51.

[0083] The fixed plate 71 and the feeding ramp 72 can form a movable conical feeding port, and the fixed plate 71 and the feeding ramp 72 are located at the bottom of the storage box 7. The feeding ramp 72 can be adjusted in position.

[0084] In the specific implementation process, the moving motor 75 is started, and the moving motor 75 controls the limit post 70 on one side to rotate. The limit post 70 with a bidirectional thread structure drives the storage box 7 screwed to its upper end to move back and forth along the length direction of other limit posts 70. During the reciprocating movement of the storage box 7, the storage box 7 drops material downwards at a uniform speed.

[0085] Furthermore, in order to adjust the feeding speed of the storage bin 7, this application proposes a spacing adjustment plate; see... Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a spacing adjustment threaded rod 73 is rotatably provided on the fixed plate 71 to adjust the spacing of the feeding inclined plate 72. A spacing adjustment plate 74 is symmetrically screwed onto the spacing adjustment threaded rod 73. The spacing adjustment plate 74 is a telescopic structure. The end of the spacing adjustment plate 74 away from the spacing adjustment threaded rod 73 is hinged to the outer wall of the feeding inclined plate 72. The feeding inclined plate 72 is a telescopic structure.

[0086] When it is necessary to control the feeding speed of the crushed waste batteries, rotate the spacing adjustment screw 73. The spacing adjustment screw 73 drives the two spacing adjustment plates 74 to move relative to each other. Then the spacing adjustment plates 74 control the two feeding inclined plates 72 to move, thereby adjusting the spacing between the two feeding inclined plates 72.

[0087] If a faster material feeding speed is required, rotate the spacing adjustment threaded rod 73 clockwise. This increases the distance between the two feeding ramps 72, thereby increasing the cross-section of the material being fed and further increasing the feeding speed. Conversely, rotating the spacing adjustment threaded rod 73 counterclockwise decreases the distance between the two feeding ramps 72, thus reducing the feeding speed.

[0088] See Figure 11 As shown, this application proposes a process for accurately separating waste battery modules by fitting shape and density parameters. The process for accurately separating waste battery modules by fitting shape and density parameters is as follows:

[0089] S1. Preliminary treatment: Used batteries are first completely discharged through chemical methods to ensure that the battery cells are deactivated, prevent the batteries from catching fire during the crushing process, and ensure the safety of used batteries.

[0090] S2. Crushing process: The battery is crushed using a shredder or crusher to obtain fragments containing the positive electrode metal material and the negative electrode graphite material.

[0091] S3. Magnetic Separation: The crushed mixture is poured into the storage box 7. The feeding speed is controlled by the storage box 7, and the mixture enters the magnetic separation platform 1. Then, the magnetic separation roller 31 rotates and alternately adsorbs the positive electrode metal material of the battery. After the magnetic separation roller 31 adsorbs a certain amount of positive electrode metal material, the magnetic separation roller 31 located at the upper end of the magnetic separation platform 1 moves to the separation platform 2 along with the corresponding limiting frame 30. After the magnetic separation roller 31 has moved completely into the separation platform 2, the active metal part 63 and the passive metal part 62 on the magnetic separation roller 31 are separated due to the compression of the linkage column. At this time, the energized coil 60 inside the magnetic separation roller 31 is de-energized, causing the magnetic separation roller 31 to no longer have the magnetic attraction effect. At this time, the positive electrode metal material adsorbed on the surface of the magnetic separation roller 31 will fall into the separation platform 2.

[0092] S4. Screening: After magnetic separation to collect the positive electrode metal material of the battery, the remaining mixture is screened to separate the solid material in the negative electrode graphite material of the battery.

[0093] S5. Pyrolysis treatment: The positive electrode metal material of the battery separated by magnetic separation is pyrolyzed to remove organic binders and electrolyte, and the battery positive electrode metal material is obtained after complete pyrolysis.

[0094] The embodiments described herein are preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape, and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for accurately separating waste battery components by fitting shape and density parameters, characterized in that: The system includes a stationary magnetic separation platform (1) and a stationary separation platform (2). The magnetic separation platform (1) and the separation platform (2) are integrated. The magnetic separation platform (1) is provided with two sets of magnetic separation screening components (3) for screening the crushed waste batteries. The two sets of magnetic separation screening components (3) are distributed along the height direction of the magnetic separation platform (1). Each set of magnetic separation screening components (3) includes a limiting frame (30) that is slidably arranged along the length direction of the magnetic separation platform (1). The limiting frame (30) is provided with three sets of magnetic separation rollers (31) that are symmetrically distributed in pairs. One side of the limiting frame (30) is provided with an adjustment part (4) for adjusting the spacing of the magnetic separation rollers (31). The magnetic separation platform (1) is provided with a storage box (7) that slides along its length; wherein, The magnetic separation platform (1) and the separation platform (2) are both provided with two guide posts (10) that pass through the limiting frame (30). The guide posts (10) are installed between the magnetic separation platform (1) and the separation platform (2). The magnetic separation platform (1) and the separation platform (2) are both provided with two reciprocating threaded rods (11) that pass through the limiting frame (30). The reciprocating threaded rods (11) are installed between the magnetic separation platform (1) and the separation platform (2). The guide posts (10) and the reciprocating threaded rods (11) are correspondingly arranged. A switching motor (12) connected to the two reciprocating threaded rods (11) is provided on the same side. The switching motor (12) is mounted on the outer wall of the separation platform (2) through a motor mount. The separation platform (2) is also provided with a secondary screening component (5). The secondary screening component (5) includes a screening frame (50), a linkage screening column (51), a vibration spring (52), and a vibration cam (53). The screening frame (50) is located inside the separation platform (2), and the bottom of the screening frame (50) is connected to the bottom of the separation platform (2) by a vibration spring (52). The vibration cam (53) abuts against the bottom of the screening frame (50). The linkage screening column (51) is rotatably located on the inner wall of the separation platform (2), and the vibration cam (53) is installed on the linkage screening column (51). A power supply component (6) for controlling the start and stop of magnetic separation of the magnetic separation roller (31) is also provided between the magnetic separation platform (1) and the separation platform (2). The power supply component (6) includes several sets of power supply coils (60) located inside the magnetic separation roller (31). One side of the power supply coil (60) extends outward to the outside of the limiting frame (30). A conductive sheet (61) is installed on the side of the power supply coil (60) away from the separation platform (2). Two disconnected passive metal parts (62) are provided on the conductive sheet (61). The passive metal parts (62) are located on the limiting frame (30), and an active metal part (63) abuts against the passive metal part (62). A reset spring (64) is installed between the active metal part (63) and the limiting frame (30).

2. The apparatus for accurately separating waste battery components based on fitted shape and density parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment part (4) includes a control block (40), a bidirectional adjustment rod (41), and an adjustment block (42). The limiting frame (30) has adjustment slots on both sides in the length direction. Several control blocks (40) are slidably arranged in the adjustment slots and correspond one-to-one with the magnetic separation roller (31). The adjustment block (42) is arranged on several control blocks (40). The bidirectional adjustment rod (41) is rotatably arranged on the side of the limiting frame (30) near the separation platform (2) through a bearing. Several adjustment blocks (42) are screwed onto the bidirectional adjustment rod (41).

3. The apparatus for accurately separating waste battery components based on fitted shape and density parameters according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bidirectional adjusting rod (41) is provided with three sets of bidirectional threaded grooves (43), and the adjusting blocks (42) on the three sets of magnetic separation rollers (31) which are symmetrically distributed in pairs correspond to the three sets of bidirectional threaded grooves (43).

4. The apparatus for accurately separating waste battery modules based on fitted shape and density parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The separation platform (2) is also connected to two linkage rods (65), and the two linkage rods (65) and the active metal parts (63) on the two limiting frames (30) are on the same straight line.

5. The apparatus for accurately separating waste battery modules based on fitted shape and density parameters according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetic separation platform (1) is provided with four sets of rectangularly distributed limiting posts (70), one of which is a bidirectional threaded structure. The storage box (7) is located on the four sets of limiting posts (70). The storage box (7) has fixed plates (71) symmetrically arranged on both sides of the bottom length direction. The storage box (7) has a discharge inclined plate (72) hinged on both sides of the bottom width direction. A moving motor (75) is connected to the limiting post (70) of the bidirectional thread structure, and a linkage belt (8) is connected between the limiting post (70) of the bidirectional thread structure and the linkage screening post (51).

6. The apparatus for accurately separating waste battery modules based on fitted shape and density parameters according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed plate (71) is rotatably provided with a spacing adjustment threaded rod (73) for adjusting the spacing of the feeding sloping plate (72). A spacing adjustment plate (74) is symmetrically screwed onto the spacing adjustment threaded rod (73). The spacing adjustment plate (74) is a telescopic structure. The end of the spacing adjustment plate (74) away from the spacing adjustment threaded rod (73) is hinged to the outer wall of the feeding sloping plate (72). The feeding sloping plate (72) is a telescopic structure.

7. A process for accurately separating waste battery modules by fitting shape and density parameters, employing the apparatus for accurately separating waste battery modules by fitting shape and density parameters as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: The process for accurately separating waste battery modules by fitting shape and density parameters is shown below: S1. Preliminary treatment: Used batteries are first completely discharged through chemical methods to ensure that the battery cells are deactivated; S2. Crushing process: The battery is crushed using a shredder or crusher to obtain fragments containing the positive electrode metal material and the negative electrode graphite material of the battery. S3, Magnetic separation: The crushed mixture is poured into the storage box (7), the feeding speed is controlled by the storage box (7), and it enters the magnetic separation platform (1). The battery positive electrode metal material is magnetically separated by the magnetic separation roller (31). S4. Screening process: After magnetic separation to collect the positive electrode metal material of the battery, the remaining mixture is screened to separate the solid material in the negative electrode graphite material of the battery. S5. Pyrolysis treatment: The positive electrode metal material of the battery separated by magnetic separation is pyrolyzed to remove organic binders and electrolyte, and the battery positive electrode metal material is obtained after complete pyrolysis.

Images