Anti-splashing medical centrifugal machine
By designing a test tube adapter with annular airbag, clamping the test tube and preventing glass fragments from splashing, the problems of poor matching of existing low-speed centrifuge test tube adapters, shaking and rupture splashing, and improving the stability and safety of the centrifuge.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411967620.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-21
AI Technical Summary
The test tube adapters of existing low-speed centrifuges cannot match most commonly used test tubes, resulting in the need to be equipped with test tube adapters of different pore sizes, with many accessories; the test tubes shaking during the start and stop stage, affecting the balance of the base; during the centrifugation process, the test tubes may rupture, and glass fragments may splash at high speed, causing damage to the base and spreading diseases.
A medical centrifuge including a machine seat, a hanging basket rotor and a test tube adapter was designed. The test tube adapter is equipped with multiple longitudinal countershes, and each countershe hole is equipped with an annular airbag on the side wall. All annular airbags are inflated through an air valve, clamping the test tubes to ensure that the test tube is stable during the start-stop stage and preventing glass fragments from splashing when rupture.
By clamping the test tube, the shaking problem of the test tube during the start-stop phase is solved, and the stability of the machine base is improved. When the test tube ruptures, the annular airbag wraps the glass fragments, avoiding the splash of the glass fragments and improving the safety of the centrifugal process.
Smart Images
Figure CN119657352A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of centrifuges, and in particular to a splash-proof medical centrifuge. Background Art
[0002] The centrifugal principle of a centrifuge is to use the centrifugal force generated by the rotating rotor to separate substances of different densities and particle sizes in a suspension or emulsion. Centrifuges are mainly used to separate different substances in organisms, such as organelles, viruses, proteins, nucleic acids, etc.
[0003] The main structure of the centrifuge includes the base and the rotor. The speed of the motor in the base determines whether the centrifuge is low-speed, medium-speed or high-speed. The test tube holes of medium-speed and high-speed centrifuges are set on the rotor, and the test tubes are symmetrically placed in the corresponding test tube holes, and this rotor is generally equipped with a top cover covering the test tube holes. The test tube holes of medium-speed and high-speed centrifuges are tilted on the rotor to ensure that the test tubes will not be thrown out of the test tube holes. Due to the low speed of the low-speed centrifuge and in order to meet the requirements of centrifuging dozens of test tubes at the same time, some low-speed centrifuges are equipped with test tube adapters. Multiple test tube adapters are symmetrically placed on the rotor, and each test tube adapter is provided with multiple vertical test tube holes, which greatly increases the number of test tubes centrifuged at the same time.
[0004] However, the test tube holes of existing test tube adapters correspond to the test tube sizes one by one, and the test tube holes cannot match most commonly used test tubes. Therefore, a low-speed centrifuge needs to be equipped with test tube adapters with different apertures and many accessories. There is a gap between the test tube and the test tube hole, and the test tube is not completely fixed. The centripetal force of the test tube is reduced during the start and stop stages of the machine base, and it shakes in the test tube hole, affecting the balance of the machine base, especially the bearing life of the machine base shaft. In addition, during the centrifugation process, the test tube may break, and the broken glass fragments are likely to splash out from the test tube hole at high speed, causing damage to the machine base. In particular, infectious blood or other tissues in the test tube splash from the machine base to the surrounding area, creating favorable conditions for the spread of the disease, and the degree of damage will be further expanded. Summary of the invention
[0005] Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the present invention aims to improve the stability of the machine base and the safety during the centrifugation process. The present invention provides a splash-proof medical centrifuge, including a machine base, a hanging basket rotor and a test tube adapter; the hanging basket rotor is provided with a plurality of symmetrically distributed vacancies, and each vacancies is provided with a test tube adapter; the machine base is provided with an inner cavity for accommodating the hanging basket rotor, and the bottom of the inner cavity is provided with a rotating shaft adapted to the hanging basket rotor; the structures of all test tube adapters are the same, each test tube adapter is provided with a plurality of longitudinal countersunk holes, and the side wall of each countersunk hole is provided with an annular airbag, and each annular airbag extends along the axial direction of the corresponding countersunk hole to cover the side wall of the countersunk hole; all the annular airbags of each test tube adapter are connected one by one with the air valve on the side of the test tube adapter, and all the annular airbags are inflated at the same time through the air valve, thereby clamping the test tube in the countersunk hole.
[0006] The beneficial effects of this equipment are as follows: the test tube is placed in the countersunk hole and does not exceed the countersunk hole. The inflatable device is connected to the air valve, and a certain amount of air is introduced into the annular airbag. The annular airbag is clamped after expansion, which can solve the problem of poor balance of the machine base caused by the shaking of the test tube in the countersunk hole during the start and stop stages. In addition, each test tube is completely clamped. If the test tube is broken during the centrifugation process, the annular airbag will wrap the broken glass fragments at the moment of rupture to prevent the glass fragments from splashing, and the safety factor is higher.
[0007] Preferably, each annular airbag comprises an outer tube and an inner tube; the upper end opening of the inner tube is sealed and connected with the upper end opening of the outer tube through an upper sealing airbag, and the lower end opening of the inner tube is sealed and connected with the lower end opening of the outer tube through a lower sealing airbag, and all the upper sealing airbags and all the lower sealing airbags are respectively connected with corresponding air valves, and the upper sealing airbags and the lower sealing airbags are inflated through the air valves, so that the upper sealing airbags and the lower sealing airbags push the inner tube to shrink along the radial direction of the outer tube. Among them, the inner tube can be elastically deformed, while the outer tube cannot be deformed. The shape of the upper sealing airbag and the lower sealing airbag are both wavy airbags, and the expansion direction is to extend along the radial direction. On the contrary, they retract along the radial direction. The side wall of each counterbore is provided with an annular groove adapted to the outer tube, and the outer surface of each outer tube is fixedly connected to the corresponding annular groove. Therefore, during the expansion process of the annular airbag, only the inner tube shrinks in the direction of its central axis, while the outer tube remains unchanged, and the upper sealing airbag and the lower sealing airbag provide thrust, so that the clamped test tube is located in the center of the counterbore as much as possible. After each test tube is located at the center of the corresponding countersunk hole, the center of gravity of each two opposite test tube adapters is at the same height, and the machine base is more stable during centrifugation.
[0008] Preferably, the bottom wall of each countersunk hole is provided with a gasket, and the upper surface of each gasket is a concave surface adapted to the wall of the bottom of the test tube. The gaskets are all circular, and the gaskets are fixedly connected to the center of the circle of the bottom wall of the corresponding countersunk hole. After the test tube is placed in the countersunk hole, the bottom wall of the test tube is located on the concave surface above the gasket, and the test tube automatically coincides with the central axis of the countersunk hole, and is initially aligned and positioned.
[0009] Preferably, the inner surface of each inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of support pads, and the outer surface of each support pad is provided with a concave surface adapted to the side wall of the test tube. During the clamping process of the annular airbag, the inner cylinder will shrink in a small range, and the support pads can reduce the contact area between the inner cylinder and the test tube to avoid the shrinkage of the inner cylinder being blocked.
[0010] Preferably, the hanging basket rotor is provided with six Y-shaped arms, and the six Y-shaped arms are evenly distributed along the circumference of the hanging basket rotor, and a hanging basket base is provided at the end of each two adjacent Y-shaped arms, and a space for placing a test tube adapter is formed on the top of each hanging basket base. The two opposite side walls of each hanging basket base are hinged to the side of the corresponding Y-shaped arm by bolts. During the centrifugation process, due to the existence of centripetal force, the upper end of the hanging basket base will deflect toward the center of the base to ensure that the test tube is not thrown out.
[0011] Preferably, a through hole adapted to the rotating shaft is provided in the middle of the hanging basket rotor, and the rotating shaft is tightened with a locking nut after passing through the through hole, so that the installation is simple.
[0012] Preferably, the air valve of each test tube adapter is a check valve, and the air valve is provided with a valve needle for deflation. After the centrifugation is completed, the valve needle is squeezed to release the air in the annular airbag, and the test tube is easily taken out, which is simple to operate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. In all the drawings, similar elements or parts are generally identified by similar reference numerals. In the drawings, the elements or parts are not necessarily drawn according to the actual scale.
[0014] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of this embodiment;
[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the hanging basket rotor and the test tube adapter in this embodiment;
[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the middle AA direction;
[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The enlarged view of point B in the middle;
[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;
[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 3 Schematic diagram after the test tube is placed in it.
[0020] In the accompanying drawings, there are a machine base 1, a hanging basket rotor 2, a test tube adapter 3, a Y-shaped arm 4, a hanging basket base 5, an inner cavity 6, a rotating shaft 7, a through hole 8, a countersunk hole 9, an annular airbag 10, an outer tube 11, an inner tube 12, an upper sealing airbag 13, a lower sealing airbag 14, an annular groove 15, a gasket 16, an air valve 17, a support pad 18, and a test tube 19. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] The following embodiments of the technical solution of the present invention are described in detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and are therefore only used as examples, and cannot be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.
[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the technical terms or scientific terms used in this application should have the common meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the invention belongs.
[0023] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, this embodiment provides a splash-proof medical centrifuge, including a machine base 1, a hanging basket rotor 2 and a test tube adapter 3; the hanging basket rotor 2 is provided with six symmetrically distributed vacancies, and each vacancies is provided with a test tube adapter 3. Specifically, the hanging basket rotor 2 is provided with six YY-shaped arms 4, and the six YY-shaped arms 4 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the hanging basket rotor 2. A hanging basket base 5 is provided at the end of each adjacent two YY-shaped arms 4, and a vacancy for placing the test tube adapter 3 is formed on the top of each hanging basket base 5. The two opposite side walls of each hanging basket base 5 are hinged to the side of the corresponding YY-shaped arm 4 by bolts. During the centrifugation process, due to the existence of centripetal force, the upper end of the hanging basket base 5 will deflect toward the center of the machine base 1 to ensure that the test tube is not thrown out. An inner cavity 6 for accommodating the hanging basket rotor 2 is provided on the top of the machine base 1, and a rotating shaft 7 adapted to the hanging basket rotor 2 is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity 6. Specifically, a through hole 8 adapted to the rotating shaft 7 is provided in the middle of the hanging basket rotor 2. After the rotating shaft 7 passes through the through hole 8, it is tightened with a locking nut, and the installation is simple.
[0024] like Figures 2 to 5As shown, the structures of all the test tube adapters 3 in this embodiment are the same, and each test tube adapter 3 is provided with fifteen longitudinal countersunk holes 9, and the fifteen countersunk holes 9 are distributed in three rows, with five in each row. The side wall of each countersunk hole 9 is provided with an annular airbag 10, and each annular airbag 10 extends along the axial direction of the corresponding countersunk hole 9 to cover the side wall of the countersunk hole 9. Specifically, each annular airbag 10 includes an outer tube 11 and an inner tube 12; the upper end opening of the inner tube 12 is sealed and connected with the upper end opening of the outer tube 11 through an upper sealing airbag 13, and the lower end opening of the inner tube 12 is sealed and connected with the lower end opening of the outer tube 11 through a lower sealing airbag 14, and all the upper sealing airbags 13 and all the lower sealing airbags 14 are respectively connected with the corresponding air valves 17, and the upper sealing airbags 13 and the lower sealing airbags 14 are inflated through the air valves 17, so that the upper sealing airbags 13 and the lower sealing airbags 14 push the inner tube 12 to contract along the radial direction of the outer tube 11. Among them, the inner tube 12 can be deformed elastically, while the outer tube 11 cannot be deformed. The upper sealing airbag 13 and the lower sealing airbag 14 are both wavy airbags, and the expansion direction is to extend along the radial direction. On the contrary, they retract along the radial direction. The side wall of each counterbore 9 is provided with an annular groove 15 adapted to the outer tube 11, and the outer surface of each outer tube 11 is fixedly connected to the corresponding annular groove 15. Therefore, during the expansion process of the annular airbag 10, only the inner tube 12 shrinks in the direction of its central axis, while the outer tube 11 remains unchanged. The upper sealing airbag 13 and the lower sealing airbag 14 provide thrust to make the clamped test tube located in the center of the counterbore 9 as much as possible. After each test tube is located in the center of the corresponding counterbore 9, it is beneficial for the center of gravity of each of the two opposite test tube adapters 3 to be at the same height, and the base 1 is more stable during the centrifugation process. In addition, a gasket 16 is provided on the bottom wall of each counterbore 9, and the upper surface of each gasket 16 is a concave surface adapted to the wall of the bottom of the test tube. The gaskets 16 are all circular and fixedly connected to the center of the bottom wall of the corresponding countersunk hole 9. After the test tube is placed in the countersunk hole 9, the bottom wall of the test tube is located on the concave surface above the gasket 16, and the test tube automatically coincides with the central axis of the countersunk hole 9, and is initially aligned and positioned.
[0025] In this embodiment, all the annular airbags 10 of each test tube adapter 3 are connected to the air valve 17 on the side of the test tube adapter 3 one by one, and all the annular airbags 10 are inflated at the same time through the air valve 17, thereby clamping the test tube in the countersunk hole 9. The air valve 17 of each test tube adapter 3 is a check valve, and the air valve 17 is provided with a valve needle for deflation. After the centrifugation is completed, the air of the annular airbag 10 is released by squeezing the valve needle, and the test tube is easily taken out, which is simple to operate.
[0026] like Figure 6As shown, the specific centrifugal operation method of this embodiment is: the test tube 19 is placed in the countersunk hole, and the test tube 19 does not exceed the countersunk hole. Of course, like the existing centrifuge, balancing is still required. The balancing operation belongs to conventional operation and will not be repeated in this embodiment. Then, all the air valves 17 are inflated in sequence through the inflation device, and a certain amount of air is introduced into the annular airbag 10. The annular airbag 10 is clamped after expansion. In order to make the clamped test tube as close to the center of the countersunk hole 9 as possible, the inner surface of each inner cylinder 12 in this embodiment is provided with a plurality of support pads 18, and all the support pads 18 are longitudinally distributed to form multiple rows, and the outer surface of each support pad 18 is provided with a concave surface adapted to the side wall of the test tube. During the clamping process of the annular airbag 10, the inner cylinder 12 will shrink in a small range, and the support pad 18 can reduce the contact area between the inner cylinder 12 and the test tube to avoid the inner cylinder 12 from shrinking. After the test tube is clamped, the problem of poor balance of the machine base 1 caused by the shaking of the test tube in the countersunk hole during the start-stop stage can be solved. Since the diameter of the countersunk hole 9 is larger than the outer diameter of a test tube of commonly used specifications, it is applicable to any test tube with a diameter smaller than the countersunk hole 9, and has strong versatility. The same test tube adapter 3 can correspond to test tubes of various specifications, which is beneficial to reduce the number of test tube adapters 3 equipped for the same centrifuge. In addition, each test tube is completely clamped, and if the test tube is broken during the centrifugation process, the annular airbag 10 will wrap the broken glass fragments at the moment of the breakage to prevent the glass fragments from splashing, and the safety factor is higher.
[0027] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein by equivalents. These modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should all be included in the scope of the claims and specification of the present invention.
Claims
1. A splash-proof medical centrifuge, characterized in that: It includes a machine base, a hanging basket rotor and a test tube adapter; the hanging basket rotor is provided with a plurality of symmetrically distributed spaces, and each space is provided with a test tube adapter; an inner cavity for accommodating the hanging basket rotor is provided on the top of the machine base, and a rotating shaft adapted to the hanging basket rotor is provided at the bottom of the inner cavity; All test tube adapters have the same structure. Each test tube adapter is provided with a plurality of longitudinal countersunk holes on the top. The side wall of each countersunk hole is provided with an annular air bag. Each annular air bag extends along the axial direction of the corresponding countersunk hole to cover the side wall of the countersunk hole. All the annular air bags of each test tube adapter are connected one by one with the air valve on the side of the test tube adapter. All the annular air bags are inflated at the same time through the air valve, thereby clamping the test tube in the countersunk hole.
2. The splash-proof medical centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each annular airbag includes an outer tube and an inner tube; the upper end opening of the inner tube is sealed and connected with the upper end opening of the outer tube via an upper sealing airbag, and the lower end opening of the inner tube is sealed and connected with the lower end opening of the outer tube via a lower sealing airbag, and all the upper sealing airbags and all the lower sealing airbags are respectively connected to corresponding air valves, and the upper sealing airbags and the lower sealing airbags are inflated through the air valves, so that the upper sealing airbags and the lower sealing airbags push the inner tube to contract along the radial direction of the outer tube.
3. The splash-proof medical centrifuge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner cylinder is elastically deformable, and the side wall of each countersunk hole is provided with an annular groove adapted to the outer cylinder, and the outer surface of each outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the corresponding annular groove.
4. The splash-proof medical centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom wall of each sink hole is provided with a gasket, and the upper surface of each gasket is a concave surface adapted to the wall of the bottom of the test tube.
5. The splash-proof medical centrifuge according to claim 4, characterized in that: The gaskets are all circular and fixedly connected to the center of the circle of the corresponding bottom wall of the countersunk hole.
6. The splash-proof medical centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner surface of each inner cylinder is provided with a plurality of support pads, and the outer surface of each support pad is provided with a concave surface adapted to the side wall of the test tube.
7. The splash-proof medical centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hanging basket rotor is provided with six Y-shaped arms, which are evenly distributed along the circumference of the hanging basket rotor. A hanging basket base is provided at the end of each two adjacent Y-shaped arms, and a space for placing a test tube adapter is formed on the top of each hanging basket base.
8. The splash-proof medical centrifuge according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two opposite side walls of each hanging basket base are hinged to the side surfaces of the corresponding Y-shaped arms through bolts.
9. The splash-proof medical centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole adapted to the rotating shaft is provided in the middle of the hanging basket rotor.
10. The splash-proof medical centrifuge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air valve of each test tube adapter is a non-return valve, and the air valve is provided with a valve needle for releasing air.