Copper alloy wire having excellent heat dissipation and use thereof

Abstract

The application provides a copper alloy wire with excellent heat dissipation and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of metal material processing. The preparation method of the copper alloy wire comprises the following steps: S1. alloy liquid preparation; S2. casting and cold drawing; S3. high-temperature annealing treatment; S4. surface coating treatment; and S5. multiple strand twisting. Through accurate temperature control in the high-temperature annealing treatment, the alloy element segregation is eliminated and the grain uniform growth is ensured, the alloy element segregation is effectively eliminated, the grain uniform growth is ensured, and thus the overall performance of the copper alloy wire is improved. The surface of the copper alloy wire is coated with a nano-oxide stable coating, so that the comprehensive performance of the copper alloy wire is improved. When the multiple strands of copper alloy wires are pretreated, a low-friction coating is applied and the strands are twisted, so that the friction between the wires is reduced, the wire damage is prevented, the electric conductivity of the copper alloy wire in a high-temperature environment is effectively improved, and the service life of the copper alloy wire is prolonged.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of metal material processing, in particular to a copper alloy wire with excellent heat dissipation and its application. BACKGROUND

[0002] A copper alloy wire refers to a wire-shaped material made of an alloy formed by adding one or more other elements (such as zinc, tin, nickel, aluminum, beryllium, etc.) to copper. The addition of these alloying elements can change the physical and chemical properties of copper to meet different industrial application needs.

[0003] The manufacturing process of a copper alloy wire mainly includes key steps such as alloy component proportioning, high-speed drawing, high-temperature annealing treatment, surface coating technology, and multi-strand twisting. However, there are some common technical problems in the preparation process: 1. During high-speed drawing of the copper alloy wire, micro-cracks are easily caused by local stress concentration of the material; 2. During high-temperature annealing treatment, alloy element segregation can cause uneven grain growth; 3. During the surface coating process, the instability of the surface active agent can cause uneven coating; 4. When twisting the multi-strand copper alloy wire, the large surface friction of the wire can easily cause wire damage; 5. When the copper alloy wire is used in a long-term high-temperature environment, the material can be oxidized and corroded, causing a decrease in electrical conductivity. These problems need to be optimized and solved during the preparation process. SUMMARY

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a copper alloy wire with excellent heat dissipation and its application, which solves the problem of performance degradation caused by micro-cracks and wire damage during the manufacturing process of the copper alloy wire.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application is implemented by the following technical solution: a preparation method of a copper alloy wire with excellent heat dissipation, comprising the following steps:

[0006] S1. Alloy liquid preparation

[0007] Based on a specific formula, copper and trace alloying elements are melted into a uniform alloy liquid;

[0008] S2. Casting and cold drawing

[0009] The alloy liquid is cast into a shape and subjected to multi-stage continuous cold drawing, and the drawing rate is controlled to avoid local stress concentration of the material;

[0010] S3. High-temperature annealing treatment

[0011] High-temperature annealing treatment is carried out in a protective atmosphere to eliminate alloy element segregation and ensure uniform grain growth by precise temperature control;

[0012] S4. Surface coating treatment

[0013] A nano-oxide stable coating is applied on the surface of the copper alloy wire, and the uniformity of the surface coating is improved by adding a stabilizing agent;

[0014] S5. Multi-strand twisting

[0015] The multi-strand copper alloy wire is pretreated, a low-friction coating is applied, and twisting is performed to reduce the friction between the wires and prevent wire damage.

[0016] Preferably, the S1 step is specifically as follows:

[0017] The copper matrix has a purity greater than 99%;

[0018] 0.2wt%-0.8wt% zinc is added as a strengthening element;

[0019] 0.05wt%-0.2wt% silver is added to enhance thermal conductivity;

[0020] The raw materials are stirred, inert gas is introduced into the stirring kettle during stirring to avoid metal oxidation, and after uniform stirring, it is transferred into a smelting furnace and heated to a temperature range of 1100°C-1300°C for 2 hours to ensure complete melting.

[0021] Preferably, the cold drawing process includes:

[0022] The cold drawing speed is controlled to be between 5m / min and 15m / min;

[0023] The reduction rate of each cold drawing is not more than 10%;

[0024] The wire is preheated to a low temperature of 100°C-200°C before cold drawing;

[0025] The wire is cooled immediately after cold drawing at a cooling rate greater than 100°C / s.

[0026] Preferably, the high-temperature annealing process includes:

[0027] The cold-drawn wire is placed in an argon protective atmosphere;

[0028] Heated to a temperature range of 750°C-850°C and held for 2 hours;

[0029] The temperature rise rate is controlled to be between 10°C / min and 20°C / min;

[0030] After annealing, the furnace is cooled to room temperature.

[0031] Preferably, the surface coating of nano-oxide stable coating includes:

[0032] Nano-alumina powder is selected as the coating material;

[0033] The stabilizing agent is prepared and added in an amount of 5wt%-1wt% of the mass of the nano-aluminum oxide powder;

[0034] The uniform coating is performed by using an ultrasonic spraying device, and the spraying distance is controlled to be between 5mm and 10mm;

[0035] The spraying speed is 200mm / min-300mm / min, and the coating thickness is 1um-5um.

[0036] Preferably, the application of the low-friction coating and the twisting include:

[0037] The low-friction coating is applied to each monofilament, and the coating material is selected from a silane coupling agent;

[0038] The spraying device is controlled to control the coating thickness to be between 1um and 0.3um;

[0039] The automatic stranding machine is used when the multiple wires are twisted, and the twisting rate is between 10m / min and 30m / min;

[0040] The surface of the finished product is inspected after the twisting to ensure that there is no obvious defect.

[0041] Preferably, the process of applying the low-friction coating includes:

[0042] The coating thickness control formula is H=K*D, wherein H is the coating thickness (um), D is the monofilament diameter (mm), and K is the coating factor, and the value range is 1 to 0.3;

[0043] The coating thickness and the monofilament diameter are positively correlated;

[0044] The coating material is selected from a silane coupling agent, and the preparation concentration is 1% to 5% (wt%);

[0045] The coating uniformity inspection is performed by using a microscope observation method.

[0046] The application of a copper alloy wire with excellent heat dissipation in electronic components, wires and cables, mechanical fasteners, and railway contact networks.

[0047] The application provides a copper alloy wire with excellent heat dissipation and application thereof.

[0048] 1. This invention effectively avoids localized stress concentration in the material by ensuring complete melting of the metal raw materials, thereby preventing the formation of microcracks during high-speed drawing of copper alloy wire. Through a multi-stage drawing process with progressively reduced diameter, the diameter and internal microstructure of the copper alloy billet can be effectively controlled, reducing localized stress concentration and further improving the mechanical strength and uniformity of the copper alloy wire. Precise temperature control during high-temperature annealing eliminates alloy element segregation and ensures uniform grain growth, effectively improving the overall performance of the copper alloy wire. A nano-oxide stabilizing coating is applied to the surface of the copper alloy wire, further enhancing its comprehensive performance. During the pretreatment of multi-strand copper alloy wires, a low-friction coating is applied and the wires are stranded to reduce friction between them, preventing damage and effectively improving the conductivity of the copper alloy wire at high temperatures, thus extending its service life. Detailed Implementation

[0049] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0050] Example 1:

[0051] This invention provides a method for preparing a copper alloy wire with excellent heat dissipation, comprising the following steps:

[0052] S1. Based on a specific formula, copper and trace alloying elements are smelted into a homogeneous alloy liquid. 1000 kg of high-purity copper (purity greater than 99%) is selected, and 0.2 wt% zinc is added as a strengthening element, and 0.05 wt% silver is added to enhance thermal conductivity. The raw materials are stirred, and an inert gas is introduced into the stirring vessel during stirring to prevent metal oxidation. After uniform stirring, the mixture is transferred to a melting furnace and heated to 1100℃ and maintained for 2 hours to ensure complete melting. This smelting method can effectively avoid the problem of localized stress concentration in the material, thereby preventing the formation of microcracks during high-speed drawing of copper alloy wire.

[0053] S2. The alloy liquid is cast into shape and subjected to multi-stage continuous cold drawing, with the drawing rate being controlled to avoid local stress concentration of the material; the copper alloy blank after casting can effectively control the diameter and internal structure of the wire through the multi-stage drawing process of gradually reducing the diameter. Specifically, the first drawing reduces the diameter of the cast copper alloy rod from 20 mm to 12 mm, and then gradually reduces to the final 0.5 mm. In this process, the drawing speed is controlled at 5 m / min to prevent micro-cracks caused by high-speed drawing. At the same time, the wire is subjected to intermediate annealing after each drawing to eliminate the accumulated internal stress, thereby ensuring the overall quality and stability of the wire, and the wire is preheated to 100°C before cold drawing; the wire is cooled immediately after cold drawing, with a cooling rate greater than 100°C / s. The cold drawing method can effectively reduce the local stress concentration of the material, further improving the mechanical strength and uniformity of the copper alloy wire.

[0054] S3. High-temperature annealing treatment is carried out under a protective atmosphere to eliminate alloy element segregation and ensure uniform grain growth by precise temperature control; in order to prevent the migration and segregation of alloy elements at high temperature, argon protection is used during the annealing process to avoid the influence of harmful gases such as oxygen. Specifically, the cold-drawn copper alloy wire is heated at 750°C for 2 hours, and the temperature rising and falling process is strictly controlled, with a heating rate of 10°C / min, and the wire is cooled to room temperature after annealing, with a cooling rate of 5°C / min, to ensure that the grains are uniform and fine, thereby improving the mechanical properties and electrical properties of the wire. High-temperature annealing can effectively eliminate alloy element segregation and ensure uniform grain growth, thereby improving the overall performance of the copper alloy wire.

[0055] S4. A nano-oxide stable coating is coated on the surface of the copper alloy wire to improve the uniformity of the surface coating by adding a stabilizing agent; this coating can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the copper alloy wire and prolong its service life. In one embodiment, nano-alumina powder is uniformly coated on the surface of the wire using an ultrasonic spraying device, with the spraying distance being controlled at 5 mm, the spraying speed being 200 mm / min, and the coating thickness being 1 μm, and then the coating is solidified at 150°C for 30 minutes to firmly adhere to the wire. In order to improve the stability and uniformity of the coating, 0.5% of a stabilizing agent such as polyethylene glycol is added to ensure that a coating with uniform thickness is formed on the entire surface, thereby improving the overall performance of the copper alloy wire.

[0056] S5. The multiple copper alloy wires are pretreated, a low-friction coating is applied, and stranding is performed to reduce the friction between the wires and prevent wire damage. In this step, a silane coupling agent is selected as the low-friction lubricant, and each single wire is subjected to low-friction coating treatment to reduce the friction coefficient between the multiple wires, thereby reducing the wear and scratches that can occur during stranding. Specifically, the prepared copper alloy wires are coated with a low-friction lubricant before stranding, a uniform film layer is formed on the surface, the spraying device is controlled to control the coating thickness to be between 1 μm, and then a stranding machine is used to strand the wires into a multiple cable with a diameter of 2 mm at a stranding rate of 10 m / min. This not only improves the efficiency of the stranding process, but also greatly reduces the risk of wire damage. By controlling the spraying device and the stranding rate of the multiple wires, the friction between the wires can be effectively reduced to prevent wire damage.

[0057] Through the above steps, a copper alloy wire with excellent heat dissipation performance is successfully prepared. This wire not only has good mechanical strength and electrical conductivity, but also can work stably for a long time in a high temperature environment without causing a decrease in electrical conductivity due to oxidation and corrosion. By optimizing the process parameters and process flow of each step, the problems in multiple key links such as high-speed drawing, high-temperature annealing, surface coating, multiple stranding, and high-temperature use are fundamentally solved, thereby providing strong technical support for the production of high-quality copper alloy wires.

[0058] The process of applying a low-friction coating includes:

[0059] The coating thickness control formula is H = K*D, where H is the coating thickness (μm), D is the single wire diameter (mm), and K is the coating factor, which is in the range of 1 to 0.3;

[0060] The coating thickness is positively correlated with the single wire diameter;

[0061] The coating material is a silane coupling agent with a concentration of 1% to 5% (wt%);

[0062] The coating uniformity test uses a microscope observation method.

[0063] Through the comprehensive application of the above technical solutions, the present application successfully solves the problems of micro-cracks caused by local stress concentration during high-speed drawing of copper alloy wires, grain uneven growth caused by alloy element segregation during high-temperature annealing, non-uniformity of the surface coating, and wire damage caused by large surface friction during stranding of multiple copper alloy wires. In addition, the present application also effectively improves the electrical conductivity of copper alloy wires in a high-temperature environment and prolongs the service life of the wires.

[0064] Example Two:

[0065] The embodiment of the present application provides a preparation method of a copper alloy wire with excellent heat dissipation, which comprises the following steps:

[0066] S1. Melting copper and trace alloying elements into a uniform alloy liquid based on a specific formula; 1000 kg of high-purity copper with a purity greater than 99% is selected, and 0.8 wt% of zinc is added as a strengthening element, and 0.2 wt% of silver is added to enhance thermal conductivity, the raw materials are stirred, inert gas is introduced into the stirring kettle during stirring to avoid metal oxidation, after uniform stirring, the stirring kettle is transferred into a smelting furnace and heated to a temperature range of 1300 DEG C and kept for 2 hours to ensure complete melting. The smelting method can effectively avoid the problem of local stress concentration of the material, thereby preventing the generation of microcracks in the process of high-speed drawing of the copper alloy wire.

[0067] S2. Casting the alloy liquid into a shape and performing multi-stage continuous cold drawing, and controlling the drawing rate to avoid local stress concentration of the material; the copper alloy blank after casting can effectively control the diameter and internal structure of the wire through the multi-stage drawing process of gradually reducing the diameter. Specifically, the first drawing reduces the diameter of the cast copper alloy rod from 20 mm to 12 mm, and then gradually reduces to the final 0.5 mm. In this process, the drawing speed is controlled at 15 m / min to prevent microcracks caused by high-speed drawing. At the same time, the wire is subjected to intermediate annealing after each drawing to eliminate the accumulated internal stress, thereby ensuring the overall quality and stability of the wire, and the wire is preheated to 200 DEG C before cold drawing; the wire is cooled immediately after cold drawing, and the cooling rate is greater than 100 DEG C / s. The cold drawing method can effectively reduce the local stress concentration of the material, and further improve the mechanical strength and uniformity of the copper alloy wire.

[0068] S3. High-temperature annealing treatment is carried out under a protective atmosphere, alloy element segregation is eliminated and grain uniform growth is ensured by precise temperature control; in order to prevent the migration and segregation of alloy elements at high temperature, argon protection is adopted during the annealing process to avoid the influence of harmful gases such as oxygen. Specifically, the copper alloy wire after cold drawing is kept at 850 DEG C for 2 hours, the temperature rising and falling process is strictly controlled, the heating rate is 20 DEG C / min, and the annealed wire is cooled to room temperature with the furnace, and the cooling rate is 5 DEG C / min, so as to ensure that the grains are uniform and fine, thereby improving the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of the wire. High-temperature annealing can effectively eliminate alloy element segregation and ensure uniform grain growth, thereby improving the overall performance of the copper alloy wire.

[0069] S4. A nano-oxide stable coating is applied to the surface of the copper alloy wire, and the uniformity of the surface coating is improved by adding a stabilizing agent; the coating can significantly improve the corrosion resistance of the copper alloy wire and prolong its service life. In one embodiment, nano-alumina powder is uniformly coated on the surface of the wire using an ultrasonic spraying device, the spraying distance is controlled to be between 10 mm, the spraying speed is 300 mm / min, the coating thickness is 5 μm, and then the coating is solidified at 150°C for 30 minutes to firmly adhere to the wire. In order to improve the stability and uniformity of the coating, 0.5% of a stabilizing agent such as polyethylene glycol is added to ensure that a coating with uniform thickness is formed on the entire surface, thereby improving the overall performance of the copper alloy wire.

[0070] S5. The multi-strand copper alloy wire is pretreated, a low-friction coating is applied, and it is stranded to reduce the friction between the wires and prevent wire damage. In this step, a silane coupling agent is selected as a low-friction lubricant to treat each single wire with a low-friction coating to reduce the friction coefficient between the multi-strand wires, thereby reducing the wear and tear that can occur during stranding. Specifically, the pre-prepared copper alloy wire is coated with a low-friction lubricant before stranding, forming a uniform film layer on its surface, the coating thickness is controlled to be between 0.3 μm by controlling the spraying device, and then it is stranded into a multi-strand cable with a diameter of 2 mm using a stranding machine at a stranding rate of between 30 m / min. This not only improves the efficiency of the stranding process, but also greatly reduces the risk of wire damage. By controlling the spraying device and the stranding rate of the multi-strand wire, the friction between the wires can be effectively reduced to prevent wire damage.

[0071] Through the above steps, a copper alloy wire with excellent heat dissipation performance is successfully prepared. This wire not only has good mechanical strength and electrical conductivity, but also can work stably for a long time in high temperature environment without causing a decrease in electrical conductivity due to oxidation and corrosion. By optimizing the process parameters and process flow of each step, the problems in key links such as high-speed drawing, high-temperature annealing, surface coating, multi-strand stranding, and high-temperature use are fundamentally solved, providing strong technical support for the production of high-quality copper alloy wire.

[0072] The process of applying a low-friction coating includes:

[0073] The coating thickness control formula is H = K*D, where H is the coating thickness (μm), D is the single wire diameter (mm), and K is the coating factor, with a value range of 1 to 0.3;

[0074] The coating thickness is positively correlated with the single wire diameter;

[0075] The coating material is a silane coupling agent with a concentration of 1% to 5% (wt%);

[0076] The coating uniformity inspection adopts a microscope observation method.

[0077] Through comprehensive application of the above technical solutions, the present application successfully solves the problems of micro-cracks caused by local stress concentration during high-speed drawing of the copper alloy wire, uneven grain growth caused by alloy element segregation during high-temperature annealing treatment, unevenness of the surface coating, and wire damage caused by large surface friction during stranding of multiple copper alloy wires, while effectively improving the electrical conductivity of the copper alloy wire in a high-temperature environment and prolonging its service life.

[0078] Although embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made thereto without departing from the principles and spirit of the application, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for producing a copper alloy wire having excellent heat dissipation, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1. Alloy liquid preparation Copper and trace alloying elements are melted into a homogeneous alloy liquid based on a specific formula, specifically as follows: Select a copper matrix with a purity greater than 99%; Add 0.2wt%-0.8wt% zinc as a strengthening element; Add 0.05wt%-0.2wt% silver to enhance thermal conductivity; Stir the raw materials, and while stirring, introduce inert gas into the stirring kettle to prevent metal oxidation. After uniform stirring, transfer to a melting furnace and heat to a temperature range of 1100°C-1300°C for 2 hours to ensure complete melting; S2. Casting and cold drawing The alloy liquid is cast into a shape and subjected to multi-stage continuous cold drawing, with the drawing speed controlled to avoid local stress concentration in the material; the cold drawing process is specifically as follows: Control the cold drawing speed to be between 5m / min and 15m / min; The reduction rate of each cold drawing is not more than 10%; Preheat the wire to a temperature of 100°C-200°C before cold drawing; Immediately cool the wire after cold drawing at a cooling rate greater than 100°C / s; S3. High-temperature annealing treatment High-temperature annealing treatment is carried out in a protective atmosphere to eliminate alloy element segregation and ensure uniform grain growth by precise temperature control; the high-temperature annealing treatment is specifically as follows: Place the cold-drawn wire in an argon protective atmosphere; Heat to a temperature range of 750°C-850°C and maintain for 2 hours; The temperature rise rate is controlled to be between 10°C / min and 20°C / min; After annealing, cool in the furnace to room temperature; S4. Surface coating treatment A nano-oxide stable coating is applied to the surface of the copper alloy wire to improve the uniformity of the surface coating by adding a stabilizing agent; S5. Multi-strand stranding Pretreat the multi-strand copper alloy wire, apply a low-friction coating, and strand it to reduce the friction between the wires and prevent wire damage.

2. The method of producing a copper alloy wire having excellent heat dissipation properties according to claim 1, characterized by: The surface coating of the nano-oxide stable coating comprises: Selecting nano-alumina powder as the coating material; Prepare a stabilizing agent with an addition amount of 5wt%-1wt% of the mass of the nano-alumina powder; Use an ultrasonic spraying device for uniform coating, and control the spraying distance to be between 5mm and 10mm; The spraying speed is 200mm / min-300mm / min, and the coating thickness is 1μm-5μm.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the copper alloy wire having excellent heat dissipation is prepared by the steps of: The low-friction coating is applied and the stranding comprises: ​ Each single wire is treated with a low-friction coating, and the coating material is selected to be a silane coupling agent; Control the spraying device to control the coating thickness to be between 1μm and 0.3μm; Use an automatic stranding machine when stranding the multi-strand wire, with a stranding rate of 10m / min to 30m / min; After stranding, the finished product is inspected for surface defects to ensure that there are no obvious defects.