A nitrogen fertilizer synergist and its application

Abstract

This invention discloses a nitrogen fertilizer synergist and its application, belonging to the field of fertilizer technology. The nitrogen fertilizer synergist comprises the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: 15-40% nitrification inhibitor, 5-10% butyl dihydrojasmonic acid, 1-5% soil loosening agent, 30-50% dispersing agent, 5-10% anti-caking agent, 0.1-5% micronutrient fertilizer, and 0-5% nutrients. By adding butyl dihydrojasmonic acid, this nitrogen fertilizer synergist improves dispersibility, enhances fertilizer efficiency, promotes plant growth, and improves plant stress resistance. It also possesses the dual function of delaying nitrogen conversion and promoting nitrogen absorption, further improving nitrogen utilization efficiency. Furthermore, it exhibits good fluidity, is relatively stable in both high and low temperature environments, and is easy to use. It can be directly applied to fertilizer granules or added to fertilizers, solving the problem that nitrification inhibitors such as DMPP require special solvents for dissolution before use.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a nitrogen fertilizer enhancer and its application, belonging to the field of fertilizer technology. Background Technology

[0002] Chemical fertilizers contribute as much as 40-50% to the increase in crop yield per unit area in my country. Unscientific fertilization and the blind pursuit of excessive fertilization have led to a rapid increase in fertilizer application, but grain output has not increased accordingly. This has resulted in numerous problems such as resource waste, environmental pollution, and a decline in the quality of agricultural products.

[0003] To improve nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency, the application of nitrogen fertilizer synergists is of great significance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a nitrogen fertilizer enhancer that can be directly sprayed or added to fertilizers to delay nitrogen conversion and promote nitrogen absorption, thereby improving nitrogen utilization efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] A nitrogen fertilizer enhancer comprises the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: nitrification inhibitor 15-40%, butyl dihydrojasmonate 5-10%, soil loosening agent 1-5%, dispersing agent 30-50%, anti-caking agent 5-10%, micronutrient fertilizer 0.1-5%, and nutrient components 0-5%.

[0007] Furthermore, the nitrification inhibitor is one or both of 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate (DMPP) and dicyandiamide. The nitrification inhibitor can effectively reduce the formation and loss of nitrate nitrogen and improve nitrogen fertilizer utilization by inhibiting the activity of nitrifying bacteria in the soil, thus delaying the nitrification process of ammonium nitrogen.

[0008] Furthermore, the preparation method of the dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester is as follows: dihydrojasmonic acid and n-butanol are mixed evenly, a catalyst is added, the mixture is continuously stirred and heated to 60-150℃, and the reaction is carried out for 4-16 hours. Then, it is obtained by vacuum distillation and filtration or rectification to obtain high-purity dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester. As an oily material, dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester can effectively replace water, improve the dispersibility of nitrogen fertilizer synergists, and increase fertilizer utilization. Moreover, dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester can activate the jasmonic acid pathway in plants after entering the plant, thereby improving the plant's stress resistance and promoting plant growth.

[0009] Furthermore, the ratio of dihydrojasmonic acid to n-butanol is (3-30) g: (10-100) mL, and the mass ratio of dihydrojasmonic acid to catalyst is (6-60): (1-2).

[0010] Furthermore, the catalyst is a potassium salt, including potassium pyrophosphate, dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, potassium formate, potassium sulfate, potassium carbonate, and potassium chloride.

[0011] Furthermore, the purity of the dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester is 95-100%. Dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester has a high boiling point and is poorly soluble in water. Dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester and water can be separated by simple distillation to obtain a high concentration of dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester.

[0012] Furthermore, the heating temperature is 60-100℃.

[0013] Furthermore, the soil loosening agent is one or more of polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, or sodium alginate.

[0014] Furthermore, the total content of the dispersing agent and anti-caking agent in the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is <60%.

[0015] Furthermore, the dispersing agent is one or more of sodium lignosulfonate, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, polyethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, glycerol, or emulsifiable concentrate. The dispersing agent can suspend nitration inhibitors, trace elements, and other components in a liquid state, which helps to ensure uniform dispersion of the components.

[0016] Furthermore, the anti-caking agent is one or more of silicone oil, corn oil, rapeseed oil, fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether, talc, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, or silica.

[0017] Furthermore, the micronutrient fertilizer is a fertilizer containing chelated micronutrients; the micronutrients are one or more of zinc, iron, copper, manganese, or boron; the chelating agent for the chelated micronutrients is one of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), ethylenediamine dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (EDDHA), diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA), hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid (HEDTA), citric acid, lignin sulfonate, amino acids, fulvic acid, or alginic acid.

[0018] Furthermore, the nutrient component is a plant growth regulator or biostimulant; the biostimulant is one or more of humic acid, amino acids, alginate extract, chitosan and its derivatives.

[0019] Furthermore, the application of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is as follows: when used in solid granular fertilizers, the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is sprayed onto the surface of fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrogen or amide nitrogen, or it is applied by external spraying after granulation of fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrogen or amide nitrogen, so that the nitrogen fertilizer synergist adheres to the surface of the granules; when used in solid water-soluble fertilizers or liquid fertilizers containing ammonium nitrogen, the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is uniformly added to the solid water-soluble fertilizer or liquid water-soluble fertilizer by stirring.

[0020] Furthermore, the fertilizer containing ammonium nitrogen includes urea, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, or compound fertilizer containing urea and ammonium nitrogen.

[0021] Furthermore, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer synergist added to solid granular fertilizer is 2-5 kg / t; the amount of nitrogen fertilizer synergist added to ammonium nitrogen solid water-soluble fertilizer or liquid fertilizer is 2-10 kg / t.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] (1) The nitrogen fertilizer synergist of the present invention has good fluidity, is relatively stable in high and low temperature environments, is easy to use, and can be directly used for granular spraying or addition of fertilizers, solving the problem that nitrification inhibitors such as DMPP need to be dissolved in special solvents before they can be used.

[0024] (2) By adding dihydrojasmonate butyl ester, the present invention can improve the dispersibility of nitrogen fertilizer synergist, improve fertilizer efficiency, promote plant growth, and enhance plant stress resistance.

[0025] (3) The nitrogen fertilizer enhancer prepared by this invention contains a high content of nitrification inhibitors and adds a variety of effective ingredients such as trace elements, soil loosening agents, and biostimulants. It has the dual function of delaying nitrogen conversion and promoting nitrogen absorption, which further improves the nitrogen utilization efficiency. In contrast, traditional nitrification inhibitors have a low content and a single function, and can only act on nitrifying bacteria in the soil.

[0026] (4) The nitrogen fertilizer enhancer of the present invention will not cause corrosion of production equipment during use. The solvents used by traditional nitrification inhibitors are highly corrosive or toxic, which can easily corrode equipment or cause harm. The raw materials selected are neutral and non-toxic, which can be completely biodegraded and will not cause environmental pollution problems. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 The chromatograms are of jasmonic acid, methyl dihydrojasmonic acid, propyl dihydrojasmonic acid, and butyl dihydrojasmonic acid.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a liquid chromatogram of butyl dihydrojasmonate prepared according to the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A nitrogen fertilizer enhancer comprises the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: 40% DMPP, 5% dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester, 1% polyacrylamide, 40% sodium lignosulfonate, 5% corn oil, 3% amino acids, 0.5% fertilizer containing chelated trace element Zn, and 2% humic acid.

[0031] Application of the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer: Spray the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer at a rate of 2 kg / t onto the surface of urea granules, mix for about 2 minutes, and then package.

[0032] Example 2

[0033] A nitrogen fertilizer enhancer comprises the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: 30% DMPP, 8% butyl dihydrojasmonic acid, 2% sodium polyacrylate, 50% sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, 5% bentonite, 2% humic acid, 0.5% fertilizer containing chelated trace element Zn, and 2% alginate extract.

[0034] Application of the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer: Spray the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer at a rate of 4 kg / t onto the surface of ammonium sulfate granules, mix for about 2 minutes, and then package.

[0035] Example 3

[0036] A nitrogen fertilizer enhancer comprises the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: DMPP 35%, dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester 5%, sodium alginate 2%, polyethylene glycol 45%, talc 5%, fertilizer containing chelated trace element Fe 0.5%, fertilizer containing chelated trace element Zn 0.5%, and humic acid 3%.

[0037] Application of the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer: Spray the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer at a rate of 5 kg / t onto the surface of diammonium phosphate granules, mix for about 2 minutes, and then package.

[0038] Example 4

[0039] A nitrogen fertilizer enhancer comprises the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: DMPP 40%, butyl dihydrojasmonate 5%, polyacrylamide 2%, sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate 45%, rapeseed oil 5%, fertilizer containing chelated trace element Zn 0.1%, amino acids 1%, and humic acid 2%.

[0040] Application of the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer: Add the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer at a rate of 2 kg / t to the water-soluble fertilizer raw material mixing equipment, mix for about 2 minutes, and then package.

[0041] Example 5

[0042] A nitrogen fertilizer enhancer comprises the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: 20% DMPP, 10% butyl dihydrojasmonic acid, 2% sodium alginate, 50% emulsifiable concentrate, 10% diatomaceous earth, 0.1% fertilizer containing chelated trace element Zn, and 2% chitosan.

[0043] Application of the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer: Add the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer at a rate of 5 kg / t to the liquid fertilizer mixing reactor, mix with the raw materials for about 20 minutes, and then it can be filled.

[0044] Comparative Example 1

[0045] A nitrogen fertilizer enhancer comprises the following raw materials in the indicated mass fractions: 40% DMPP, 1% polyacrylamide, 40% sodium lignosulfonate, 5% corn oil, 3% amino acids, 0.5% fertilizer containing chelated trace element Zn, and 2% humic acid.

[0046] Application of the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer: Spray the nitrogen fertilizer enhancer at a rate of 2 kg / t onto the surface of urea granules, mix for about 2 minutes, and then package.

[0047] Experimental Example 1

[0048] A potted wheat experiment was conducted to verify the effect of nitrogen fertilizer synergists on nitrogen uptake in wheat and soil nitrogen by measuring the effects of nitrogen fertilizer synergists on nitrogen use efficiency.

[0049] The tested soil was brown soil, and the wheat variety was Jimai 22. The experiment consisted of four treatments, each replicated four times. Each pot contained 10 kg of soil, with a soil depth of approximately 60 cm, and eight wheat seeds were sown in each pot. The four treatments were: a control group without fertilization; treatment group 1 with ordinary 15-15-15 compound fertilizer; treatment group 2 with 15-15-15 compound fertilizer enhanced with a traditional nitrification inhibitor (DMPP); and treatment group 3 with 15-15-15 compound fertilizer enhanced with a new nitrogen fertilizer synergist (Example 1). The fertilizer application rate was the same for all three treatment groups (approximately 11.25 kg / mu of nitrogen), and the DMPP application rate in treatment group 2 and the nitrogen fertilizer synergist application rate in treatment group 3 were the same. All four treatments underwent the same field management procedures for sowing, watering, fertilization (different fertilizers), and harvesting. The detailed experimental design is shown in Table 1.

[0050] Table 1. Experimental Design of Potted Wheat

[0051]

[0052] (1) Effects of different fertilization treatments on residual nitrogen in soil

[0053] After wheat harvest, the nitrogen residue in each soil sample was measured, and the results are listed in Table 2.

[0054] Table 2. Effects of different fertilization treatments on soil nitrate nitrogen

[0055]

[0056] Table 2 shows that the nitrate nitrogen content in the soil increased significantly after fertilization, with the highest nitrate nitrogen content observed in soils treated with ordinary 15-15-15 compound fertilizer. Treatment group 2, using 15-15-15 compound fertilizer enhanced with DMPP, showed a significantly lower nitrate nitrogen content compared to treatment group 1. Treatment group 3, using 15-15-15 compound fertilizer enhanced with a nitrogen fertilizer synergist, had the lowest nitrate nitrogen content, with a reduction of over 50% compared to treatment group 1 and over 24% compared to treatment group 2. This indicates that the nitrogen fertilizer synergist of this invention can further reduce soil nitrate nitrogen residue compared to ordinary nitrification inhibitors, thereby improving nitrogen utilization efficiency.

[0057] (2) Effects of different fertilization treatments on nitrogen uptake of potted wheat

[0058] After wheat harvest, the biomass of the aboveground parts of each wheat plant in each treatment was measured, and the nitrogen content of the plants was also measured. Nitrogen fertilizer utilization efficiency was calculated as follows: nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate = (nitrogen uptake by plants in the nitrogen-applied area - nitrogen uptake by plants in the non-nitrogen-applied area) / nitrogen application rate × 100%. The results are shown in Table 3.

[0059] Table 3. Effects of different fertilization treatments on nitrogen uptake in the aboveground parts of plants and nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate during the season.

[0060]

[0061] Table 3 shows that fertilization significantly promotes wheat biomass and yield, resulting in increased nitrogen uptake by wheat plants in treatment groups 1-3. The addition of a traditional nitrification inhibitor to treatment group 2 and a nitrogen fertilizer synergist to treatment group 3 both significantly improved fertilizer utilization in the current season. Specifically, the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate of treatment group 2 treated with the compound fertilizer containing the traditional nitrification inhibitor was 31.8% higher than that of treatment group 1. Treatment group 3, using the nitrogen fertilizer synergist, exhibited the highest nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate, increasing by 68.2% compared to treatment group 1 and by 10.6% compared to treatment group 2. This indicates that the nitrogen fertilizer synergist of this invention can significantly accelerate nitrogen absorption and accumulation, thereby improving the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in the current season.

[0062] Experimental Example 2

[0063] A pot experiment was conducted on wheat to verify the effect of dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester on fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency by measuring the effects of nitrogen fertilizer synergist of Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 on wheat nitrogen uptake and soil nitrogen. Treatment group 1 was treated with ordinary 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, treatment group 2 with ordinary 15-15-15 compound fertilizer plus nitrogen fertilizer synergist of Comparative Example 1, and treatment group 3 with ordinary 15-15-15 compound fertilizer plus nitrogen fertilizer synergist of Example 1. The experimental method was the same as in Example 1, and the test results are shown in Tables 4 and 5.

[0064] Table 4. Effects of different fertilization treatments on soil nitrate nitrogen

[0065]

[0066] As shown in Table 4, the nitrogen fertilizer synergist prepared in Comparative Example 1 for treatment group 2, which does not contain dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester, did not significantly improve the utilization rate of wheat fertilizer in the current season. The nitrogen fertilizer synergist prepared in Example 1 for treatment group 3, which contains dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester, significantly improved the utilization rate of wheat fertilizer in the current season. This indicates that the addition of dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester to the nitrogen fertilizer synergist of the present invention can significantly accelerate nitrogen absorption and accumulation, and improve the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in the current season.

[0067] Table 5. Effects of different fertilization treatments on nitrogen uptake in the aboveground parts of plants and nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate during the season.

[0068]

[0069] As shown in Table 5, the nitrogen fertilizer synergist prepared in Comparative Example 1, which does not contain butyl dihydrojasmonic acid, did not significantly improve nitrogen fertilizer utilization in treatment group 2. However, the nitrogen fertilizer synergist prepared in Example 1, which contains butyl dihydrojasmonic acid, significantly improved nitrogen fertilizer utilization in treatment group 3. This indicates that the nitrogen fertilizer synergist of the present invention can significantly accelerate nitrogen absorption and accumulation, thereby improving the utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer in the current season.

[0070] Experimental Example 3

[0071] A pot experiment was conducted on maize plants to determine the effects of different fertilization treatments on maize plant growth. Treatment group 1 was treated with ordinary 15-15-15 compound fertilizer; treatment group 2 was treated with ordinary 15-15-15 compound fertilizer plus the nitrogen fertilizer synergist of Comparative Example 1; and treatment group 3 was treated with ordinary 15-15-15 compound fertilizer plus the nitrogen fertilizer synergist of Example 1. The experimental method was the same as in Example 1, and the test results are shown in Table 6.

[0072] Table 6. Effects of different fertilization treatments on maize plant growth

[0073]

[0074] As shown in Table 6, compared with treatment group 1 which applied ordinary 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, treatment group 2, which added the nitrogen fertilizer synergist prepared in Comparative Example 1 and did not contain dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester, had a better promoting effect on corn plant height and above-ground fresh weight. Treatment group 3, which added the nitrogen fertilizer synergist prepared in Example 1 and contained dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester, could significantly increase corn plant height and above-ground fresh weight, and promote corn yield and income.

[0075] Experiment Example 4

[0076] Jasmonic acid, methyl dihydrojasmonic acid, propyl dihydrojasmonic acid, and butyl dihydrojasmonic acid were mixed to obtain a mixed solution. The mixed solution was then subjected to high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The test results are shown in the appendix. Figure 1 .

[0077] The purity of the dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester prepared according to this invention was determined by liquid chromatography, and the test results are shown in the appendix. Figure 2 .

[0078] The detection method is as follows: accurately weigh 0.1 g of the test sample (accurate to 0.0002 g), place it in a 25 mL volumetric flask, add the mobile phase and sonicate to dissolve it. After cooling to room temperature, make up to volume, shake well, and use a stainless steel chromatographic column with C18 packing and an ultraviolet detector to separate and determine the dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester in the sample by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography.

[0079] The detection conditions were as follows: mobile phase: methanol + water = 95 + 5 (V / V); flow rate: 0.4 mL / min; detection wavelength: 295 nm; injection volume: 10 µL.

[0080] From the appendix Figure 1 It can be seen that the peak elution time of jasmonic acid is 8.45 min, that of methyl dihydrojasmonic acid is 10.16 min, that of propyl dihydrojasmonic acid is 12.777 min, and that of butyl dihydrojasmonic acid is 14087 min; from the appendix... Figure 2 It can be seen that the purity of the dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester prepared by the present invention is as high as 99.4%, which shows that the present invention has successfully prepared dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester with high purity.

Claims

1. A nitrogen fertilizer synergist, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following components by mass fraction: nitrification inhibitor 15-40%, butyl dihydrojasmonate 5-10%, soil loosening agent 1-5%, dispersing agent 30-50%, anti-caking agent 5-10%, micronutrient fertilizer 0.1-5%, and nutrients 0-5%. The nitration inhibitor is 3,4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate; The preparation method of the dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester is as follows: dihydrojasmonic acid and n-butanol are mixed evenly, a catalyst is added, the mixture is stirred continuously and heated to 60-150℃, and the reaction is carried out for 4-16 hours. Then, the mixture is filtered or distilled under reduced pressure to obtain high-purity dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester. The purity of the dihydrojasmonic acid butyl ester is 95-100%.

2. The nitrogen fertilizer synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil loosening agent is one or more of polyacrylamide, sodium polyacrylate, or sodium alginate.

3. The nitrogen fertilizer synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total content of the dispersant and anti-caking agent in the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is <60%.

4. The nitrogen fertilizer synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that: The micronutrient fertilizer is a fertilizer containing chelated micronutrients; the micronutrients are one or more of zinc, iron, copper, manganese, or boron; the chelating agent for the micronutrients is one of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, ethylenediamine dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, hydroxyethylethylenediaminetriacetic acid, citric acid, lignin sulfonate, amino acids, fulvic acid, or alginic acid.

5. The nitrogen fertilizer synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that: The nutrients are plant growth regulators or biostimulants; the biostimulants are one or more of humic acid, amino acids, alginate extract, chitosan and its derivatives.

6. The application of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist according to claim 1, characterized in that: The application method is as follows: When used in solid granular fertilizers, the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is sprayed onto the surface of fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrogen or amide nitrogen, or it is added by external spraying after the fertilizer granules containing ammonium nitrogen or amide nitrogen are granulated, so that the nitrogen fertilizer synergist adheres to the surface of the granules; when used in solid water-soluble fertilizers or liquid fertilizers containing ammonium nitrogen, the nitrogen fertilizer synergist is added evenly to the solid water-soluble fertilizer or liquid water-soluble fertilizer by stirring.

7. The application of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist according to claim 6, characterized in that: The fertilizers containing ammonium nitrogen include urea, ammonium sulfate, and ammonium chloride.

8. The application of the nitrogen fertilizer synergist according to claim 6, characterized in that: The nitrogen fertilizer synergist is added at a rate of 2-5 kg / t in solid granular fertilizers; and at a rate of 2-10 kg / t in solid water-soluble fertilizers or liquid fertilizers containing ammonium nitrogen.

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