A bite shear type constant resistance large deformation anchor rod and method

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of occlusion shear type constant resistance large deformation anchor rod and method, the occlusion shear type constant resistance large deformation anchor rod includes bearing section, free section and anchor rod, the free section one side and anchor rod connect, free section other side and bearing section connect.The application is to cope with the anchor rod engineering needing rod body length, design deformation amount is big, and deformation point distribution is not one, by increasing deformation sleeve and nut A, multiple anchor rods, sleeve are connected in a set of devices.Can reach the effect of lengthening anchor rod, increasing deformation site, increasing overall deformation amount.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of deformable anchor technology, and particularly relates to an interlocking shear-resistant constant resistance large deformation anchor and its method. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, prestressed anchoring support technology is the most widely used support technology in the construction of support structures for tunnels and coal mine roadways. The prestressed tendons used in this technology can be anchor cables or anchor rods. With the increasing depth of mining and the development of tunnel excavation in plateau areas, the engineering rock mass often exhibits characteristics of large deformation, such as high stress and large deformation, soft rock and large rockburst deformation. The elongation rate of the prestressed tendons used in traditional prestressed anchoring support technology is far lower than that of the engineering rock mass, making it difficult to coordinate deformation with the engineering rock mass within the anchoring area. Under dynamic loads or the release of stress from the rock itself, the prestressed tendons are prone to breakage at their yield strength or rock fragmentation and anchoring failure, resulting in a loss of anchoring support and protection capabilities. This leads to repeated repairs of the support project and deformation of the tunnel and roadway structure.

[0003] To enable anchor bolts to be used in rock formations with large deformation, a series of constant-group large deformation anchor bolts have been developed and put into use, among which the most widely used is the expansion-shell structure large deformation anchor bolt series. Compared with other large deformation anchor bolts made of materials, this series of anchor bolts has advantages such as lower cost.

[0004] Patent document CN105931536A discloses an adjustable constant-resistance large-deformation anchor bolt. This anchor bolt's constant resistance can be adjusted via an adjuster. However, when the rock strata deform along a direction other than the anchor bolt's axis, causing lining deformation, problems arise such as the adjuster failing to break the lining in the preset direction (anchor bolt axis direction), resulting in the failure of its large-deformation capability.

[0005] Patent document CN115217503A discloses a multi-segment constant resistance anchor cable and its installation method. The anchor cable features a toothed ring at the bonding point between the sleeve and the concrete in the duct to increase the bonding force between the sleeve and the concrete. However, when the rock strata deform or the anchor stress is too high, stress concentration at the tooth tip can cause the nearby concrete to break and lose its bond.

[0006] Patent document CN117328916A discloses a rod-cable combined reinforced energy-absorbing anchor bolt device. This device uses the force generated by the shearing of the protruding portion of the compression-shear section through the constricted sleeve to provide support reaction force for the anchor bolt, absorbing energy generated by the surrounding rock. In this application, prestressed anchoring support is achieved by setting a ball-head nut in contact with the sleeve and causing the sleeve to deform. However, it does not incorporate a multi-stage constant-resistance deformation anchor bolt structure. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this invention provides a shear-resistant, constant-resistance, large-deformation anchor bolt and its method. This anchor bolt can deform in coordination with the rock strata when large stresses are generated, and it generates continuous and stable constraint resistance on the rock strata during the deformation process, thus solving the problem of sudden failure of the anchor bolt under large deformation conditions of the rock strata.

[0008] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.

[0009] The present invention provides an interlocking shear-resistant constant resistance large deformation anchor bolt, comprising a load-bearing section, a free section and an anchor bolt, wherein one side of the free section is connected to the anchor bolt and the other side of the free section is connected to the load-bearing section.

[0010] Preferably, the free section includes a connecting rod, a nut A, a sleeve, and a stop ring. One end of the sleeve is connected to the connecting rod, and the other end of the sleeve is connected to the stop ring. One end of the anchor rod passes through the stop ring and is connected to the nut A. The nut A is disposed inside the sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with an annular body, one end of the sleeve is provided with a connecting part, the connecting part is provided with a cavity and a boss, the inner wall of the sleeve is provided with a groove, the diameter of the connecting part is larger than the diameter of the sleeve, and the nut A is provided in the cavity.

[0012] Preferably, the sleeve is connected to the connecting rod via a connecting part, and a sealing gasket is provided on the boss, with one side of the sealing gasket connected to the connecting rod.

[0013] Preferably, the bearing section includes a first nut B and a washer plate, the first nut B being connected to a connecting rod, and the connecting rod passing through the washer plate.

[0014] Preferably, the connecting part can be connected to the anchor rod by a nut C, and one end of the cavity is conical.

[0015] Preferably, one end of the nut A is a spherical end.

[0016] Preferably, the pad is made of steel.

[0017] A method for installing a bite-fitting, shear-resistant, constant-resistance, large-deformation anchor bolt includes the following steps:

[0018] S1: Connect the stop ring to the sleeve, tighten the anchor rod and nut A, and insert the end of the anchor rod not connected to nut A into the sleeve along one end of the connection until the spherical end of nut A contacts the conical end of the cavity. At this point, the end of the anchor rod not connected to nut A should protrude a short distance from the stop ring.

[0019] S2: Inject waterproof material into the cavity where the stop ring connects to the anchor rod at the end furthest from the sleeve, and prevent grout from flowing back into the sleeve cavity during grouting.

[0020] S3: Insert the sealing gasket into the connecting part, ensuring it contacts the boss surface. Tighten the second nut B to the connecting part until the large end of the second nut B presses against the sealing gasket.

[0021] S4: Place the assembled parts from steps S1-S3 into the prestressed duct. The length of insertion should be such that the length of the connecting rod extending out of the tensioning reference surface is equal to the reserved tensioning length. Install the pad onto the tensioning reference surface. Pass the connecting rod through the center hole of the pad. Screw the first nut B into the connecting rod from one end. Then, perform duct grouting and concrete pouring. After the concrete strength reaches the design tensioning strength, perform tensioning. During tensioning, use the pad as the tensioning bearing surface and tension one end of the connecting rod. The prestress is transmitted to the sleeve and anchor rod through the connecting rod. After tensioning and locking, tighten the first nut B to complete the installation.

[0022] A method for using a bite-locking, shear-resistant, constant-resistance, large-deformation anchor bolt includes the following steps:

[0023] Nut A and sleeve form an angle α. When nut A compresses and deforms the sleeve, let the contact force of the compression deformation be F, then the constant resistance provided is F*sinα. The constant force can be controlled by adjusting the angle α. After determining the maximum constant resistance, a suitable safety factor is selected to check the frictional shear force outside the sleeve. Let the maximum constant resistance be F*sinα, and select a safety factor of k. Then the total bottom area S of all shear rings should have the following relationship: half of the tensile strength can be taken as the design shear strength, i.e., 0.5Rm. 0.5Rm*S≥k*F*sinα is required to ensure that the sleeve does not separate from the surrounding rock during the process of constant large deformation of the device.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows:

[0025] 1. Rock deformation is characterized by uncertainty and asymmetry. Existing wedge-shaped deformation devices (equivalent to the ball-head nut and sleeve in this application) are easily affected by this, resulting in deviations between the deformation path and the design path, thus affecting the deformation effect. The constant-resistance large-deformation anchor bolt of this invention uses a ball-head nut A connector to connect the prestressing tendon and the sleeve into a whole. This allows the ball-head nut to automatically center itself during the downward movement of the prestressing tendon, ensuring that the actual deformation path is consistent with the design deformation path.

[0026] 2. Existing constant-resistance large-deformation anchor bolts use smooth-surfaced deformation sleeves. In actual use, when excessive impact loads occur, the sleeve cannot bond well with the surrounding rock, failing to effectively disperse stress through friction. This ultimately leads to stress concentration in a specific area, causing rock failure and anchoring failure. The present invention modifies the sleeve structure by adding an annular body, increasing its bonding and friction capabilities with the surrounding rock. By setting the annular body on the outside of the sleeve, during the deformation process under stress, some of the stress can be evenly dispersed to the rock mass contacted by the annular body section. This achieves the effects of stress dispersion, preventing stress concentration leading to rock failure, and ensuring the gripping force between the sleeve and the surrounding rock, allowing the device to operate as designed.

[0027] 3. For existing sleeves, when rock displacement causes sleeve deformation, or when the confining pressure of the engineering rock mass outside the sleeve is too large, the wedge deformation device may lack sufficient compressive stress, preventing the wedge from effectively compressing the sleeve and thus failing to achieve the desired device effect. Now, by adding a certain number of grooves along the length of the sleeve to the inner wall, the stress transmitted by the nut can be concentrated at the grooves when facing excessive confining pressure. This stress concentration disrupts the sleeve structure, causing the sleeve to deform towards the groove opening, increasing the internal cavity, thereby achieving nut A sliding and realizing the large deformation of the device.

[0028] 4. In this invention, when nut A slides to the lower end of the connection between the sleeve and the stop ring, nut A stops sliding, and the anchor rod extension reaches the maximum design value. At this time, the first nut B at the top of the device can play a safety protection role, ensuring that the anchor rod can provide sufficient anchoring force to the surrounding rock and prevent rock strata from sliding. Furthermore, the expansion of the prestressed bearing surface by the pad can prevent anchoring failure caused by the cracking of the rock (concrete) on the stress surface.

[0029] 5. The stop ring of this invention adopts a variable diameter design, with the diameter of the through hole at the small end being close to the diameter of the anchor rod body. This allows the through hole in the inner cavity to play a certain centering role for the anchor rod body. When the anchor rod is well aligned, the effective prestress after tensioning can be increased, making the anchor rod better meet the design requirements.

[0030] 6. Existing constant-resistance large-deformation anchor bolt sleeves typically lack restraint components at the bottom. When the nut used for compression deformation slides to the bottom of the sleeve, without structural restraint, it will slide directly out of the sleeve under axial force. At this point, the anchor bolt separates from the constant-resistance large-deformation device, and the anchor bolt instantly loses its anchoring force, potentially leading to sudden structural failure. This invention uses an explosion-proof stop ring as a restraint at the bottom of the sleeve. When nut A reaches its maximum deformation within the sleeve, it slides to the bottom of the sleeve. At this point, nut A directly contacts the inner surface of the large end of the stop ring and will not continue to slide, preventing sudden failure caused by nut A sliding out of the sleeve and the device disintegrating.

[0031] 7. Existing constant-resistance, large-deformation anchor bolt sleeves lack any constraint at the bottom. When the nut slides to the lower part of the sleeve, due to the overall continuity of the sleeve, the nut inevitably causes deformation in the area of ​​the lower end of the sleeve that the nut has not passed through as it slides downwards within the sleeve cavity. This results in the cavity of the sleeve in that area being enlarged by the already deformed front end of the sleeve, thus reducing the required constant resistance of the device. The stop ring added in this invention can constrain the aforementioned passive deformation, maintain a constant resistance of the device, and make the structure more reliable.

[0032] 8. Existing constant-resistance, high-deformation anchor bolts do not have anti-corrosion treatment for the anchor bolt inside the sleeve cavity, which may lead to corrosion of this part of the anchor bolt during use. When the anchor bolt body is subjected to large stress, the material generated by corrosion may indeed expand, causing a reduction in the load-bearing capacity of the bolt or even breakage, which has a significant impact on the overall integrity of the anchor bolt. This invention adds sealing measures to the sleeve cavity, and anti-corrosion lubricating grease can be injected into the cavity formed by the sleeve and the stop ring. This ensures the guaranteed elongation rate of the material of this section of the bolt body under large stress, and also extends the service life of the anchor bolt.

[0033] 9. To address anchor bolt projects requiring long bolts, large design deformation amounts, and varying deformation point distributions, this invention connects multiple anchor bolt sections and sleeves onto a single device by adding a deformation sleeve and nut A. This achieves the effects of lengthening the anchor bolt, increasing the number of deformation points, and increasing the overall deformation amount. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the single-stage interlocking anti-shear large deformation anchor bolt of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-stage interlocking anti-shear large deformation anchor bolt of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the sleeve of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the stop ring structure of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the segmentation of the present invention;

[0040] In the figure: 1-First nut B, 2-Washer plate, 3-Connecting rod, 4-Sealing gasket, 5-Nut A, 6-Sleeve, 7-Stop ring, 8-Anchor rod, 9-Second nut B, 10-Nut C, 101-Bearing section, 102-Free section, 601-Annular body, 602-Connecting part, 603-Cavity, 604-Boss, 605-Groove. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below, but the scope of protection is not limited to what is described.

[0042] Example 1:

[0043] like Figure 1 , Figure 3-6 As shown, a shear-resistant, constant-resistance, large-deformation anchor bolt includes a load-bearing section 101, a free section 102, and an anchor bolt 8. One side of the free section 102 is connected to the anchor bolt 8, and the other side of the free section 102 is connected to the load-bearing section 101. The anchoring section of the anchor bolt 8 has external threads, and this section is bonded to the concrete in the borehole to form the anchoring section. The entire outer contour of the free section 102 is bonded to the concrete in the borehole, and the bonding area can be increased by the annular body 601 outside the sleeve 6.

[0044] The free section 102 includes a connecting rod 3, a nut A5, a sleeve 6, and a stop ring 7. One end of the sleeve 6 is connected to the connecting rod 3, and the other end of the sleeve 6 is connected to the stop ring 7. The stop ring 7 is an explosion-proof stop ring. One end of the anchor rod 8 passes through the stop ring 7 and is connected to the nut A5. The nut A5 is set inside the sleeve 6.

[0045] The outer wall of the sleeve 6 is provided with an annular body 601, and one end of the sleeve 6 is provided with a connecting part 602. The connecting part 602 is provided with a cavity 603 and a boss 604. The inner wall of the sleeve 6 is provided with a groove 605. The diameter of the connecting part 602 is larger than the diameter of the sleeve 6. The nut A5 is provided in the cavity 603.

[0046] The sleeve 6 is connected to the connecting rod 3 via the connecting part 602. A sealing gasket 4 is provided on the boss 604, and one side of the sealing gasket 4 is connected to the connecting rod 3. Anti-corrosion and lubricating materials, such as grease, can be injected into the sleeve 6 to prevent this section of the anchor rod 8 from adhering to the concrete and the sleeve 6, allowing it to slide freely. The free section 101 utilizes the inclination angle of the contact surface between the nut A5 and the inner side of the sleeve 6, allowing the nut A5 to slide under a set force value, while also providing constant sliding resistance. By changing the angle of the contact surface between the nut A5 and the sleeve 6, and by changing the sleeve thickness, the number and size of the circular grooves 605, the magnitude of the constant resistance provided by the anchor rod 8 can be achieved. The maximum deformation value of the anchor rod 8 can be adjusted by changing the length of the sleeve 6.

[0047] The bearing section 101 includes a first nut B1, a pad 2, and an anchor rod 8 connected to the first nut B1 and the pad 2. The first nut B1 is connected to a connecting rod 3, and the connecting rod 3 passes through the pad 2.

[0048] One end of the cavity 603 is conical.

[0049] One end of the nut A5 is a spherical end. The prestressing tendon and the sleeve are connected into a whole by a spherical nut A6 connector. This allows the nut A5 to automatically center itself as it slides down, ensuring that the actual deformation path is consistent with the designed deformation path.

[0050] The pad 2 is made of steel. The steel has sufficient rigidity and strength to ensure that the stress at the tensioning end is evenly distributed when prestressing is applied, thus avoiding damage to the tensioning end.

[0051] A method for installing a bite-fitting, shear-resistant, constant-resistance, large-deformation anchor bolt includes the following steps:

[0052] S1: Connect the stop ring 7 to the sleeve 6, tighten the anchor rod 8 and the nut A5, insert the end of the anchor rod 8 that is not connected to the nut A5 into the sleeve 6 along one end of the connecting part 602 until the spherical end of the nut A5 contacts the conical end of the cavity 603. At this time, the end of the anchor rod 8 that is not connected to the nut A5 should extend a section from the stop ring 7. This section is the anchoring section.

[0053] S2: Inject polyurethane, an expanding waterproof material, into the cavity where the end of the stop ring 7 away from the sleeve 6 is connected to the anchor rod 8, until no gap is visible to the naked eye, and to prevent the grout from flowing back into the cavity of the sleeve 6 during grouting.

[0054] S3: Insert the sealing gasket 4 into the connecting part 602, positioning it so that it contacts the surface of the boss 604. Tighten the large end of the second nut B9 to the connecting part 602, ensuring it is tightened so that the large end of the second nut B9 presses against the sealing gasket 4.

[0055] S4: Place the assembled parts from steps S1-S3 into the prestressed duct, ensuring the length of the connecting rod 3 extending beyond the tensioning reference surface is equal to the reserved tensioning length. Install the pad 2 onto the tensioning reference surface, and pass the connecting rod 3 through the center hole of the pad 2. Screw the first nut B1 into the connecting rod 3 from one end and tighten it approximately. Then, perform duct grouting and concrete pouring. Once the concrete strength reaches the design tensioning strength, perform the tensioning work. During tensioning, use the pad 2 as the tensioning bearing surface and tension one end of the connecting rod 3. The prestress is transmitted through the connecting rod 3 to the sleeve 6 and the anchoring section of the anchor rod 8, thus applying prestress to the entire anchor rod 8. After tensioning and locking, tighten the first nut B1 to complete the installation.

[0056] A method for using a bite-locking, shear-resistant, constant-resistance, large-deformation anchor bolt includes the following steps:

[0057] Nut A5 and sleeve 6 form an angle α. When nut A5 deforms by squeezing sleeve 6, if the contact force of the extrusion deformation is F, then the constant resistance provided is F*sinα. The constant force can be controlled by adjusting the angle α and the materials of nut A5 and sleeve 6 to adjust the contact force during deformation. After determining the maximum constant resistance, a suitable safety factor is selected to check the frictional shear force on the outside of sleeve 6. If the maximum constant resistance is F*sinα and the safety factor is k, then the total bottom area S of all shear rings should have the following relationship: half of the tensile strength can be taken as the design shear strength, i.e., 0.5Rm. 0.5Rm*S≥k*F*sinα is required to ensure that sleeve 6 does not separate from the surrounding rock during the process of constant deformation of the device. When nut A5 slides to the connection point between one end of sleeve 6 and stop ring 7, the anchoring force required by the rock layer will be transmitted in the following manner: prestressed tendon → nut A5 → stop ring 7 → sleeve 6 → connecting rod 3 → first nut B1 and pad 2. The anchoring force is distributed to a larger bearing surface through pad 2.

[0058] The stress generated when nut A5 contacts sleeve 6 is mainly related to the included angle α and the material properties of sleeve 6 itself. When the sleeve material has high stiffness and strength, such as 40Cr steel, the force required for sleeve 6 to deform is greater, and the constant resistance provided by the system is greater. Conversely, when the sleeve material has low stiffness and strength, such as 20# steel, the force required for sleeve 6 to deform is smaller, and the constant resistance provided by the system is smaller. The constant resistance is controlled by selecting the material of sleeve 6.

[0059] Example 2:

[0060] like Figure 2-6 As shown, a type of interlocking shear-resistant constant-resistance large-deformation anchor bolt has a structure, installation method, and usage method that are basically the same as those in Embodiment 1. The difference is that the connecting part 602 can be connected to the anchor bolt 8 through the nut C10, thereby forming a multi-stage interlocking shear-resistant constant-resistance large-deformation anchor bolt. The sealing gasket 4, nut A5, sleeve 6, stop ring 7, and anchor bolt 8 are each set in another set, and connected and waterproof material is injected according to the same steps S1-S3 as in the installation method of Embodiment 1. There is still a certain gap between the flat end face of the ball head nut 2 and the large end face of the sleeve 2. The connecting rod 3 is tightened to the connecting part 602 until it contacts the flat end of the nut A5 set in step S4. The other end of the connecting rod 3 is connected to the first nut B1 and the washer 2. The anchor bolt 8 set in step S4 is connected to the nut C10. The two large-deformation devices are connected into a whole, realizing anchor bolt extension and a multi-stage constant-resistance large-deformation device. The remaining installation and tensioning processes are the same as in Embodiment 1. For anchor bolts that require extension at three or more levels of large deformation, the above steps can be repeated to achieve splicing of multiple sets of devices and anchor bolts.

[0061] The multi-stage constant-resistance large deformation anchor bolt body is divided into multiple discontinuous anchoring sections, a free section 102, and a safety bearing section 101 on the outer end face. For a structure with only one deformation sleeve 6, when the large deformation of the anchored rock layer occurs far from the deformation sleeve 6, the anchor bolt 8 in the anchoring section, being far from the sleeve 6, cannot transfer stress to the sleeve 6 (it is offset by the friction of the adjacent anchoring section), causing the anchor bolt 8 to become uncoordinated with the large deformation of the rock mass, leading to separation of the anchor bolt 8 from the large deformation of the rock mass, loss of anchoring force, and device failure. This structure allows for the extension of multiple short anchor bolts 8 and the distribution of the deformation points corresponding to the sleeve 6 to various connection points. When the anchored rock layer undergoes a large displacement, the rock layer causes the anchor bolt 8 to deform. At this time, the deformation of the anchor bolt 8 is provided by the sleeves 6 at both ends, ensuring that when the anchored rock mass undergoes large deformation, the distance between the corresponding anchor bolt 8 and the adjacent sleeve 6 will not be too far, thus controlling the deformation of the rock layer within a certain range.

[0062] In this invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the prestressing tendons pass through each component from left to right and are finally connected and fixed by the first nut B1. The lower anchorage section of the prestressing tendon adopts grouting anchorage. The upper part of the prestressing tendon passes through the stop ring 7 and the sleeve 6, and then is connected to the nut A5 by threads (to the anchor rod) / clamps (to the anchor cable). The nut A5 can be placed in the cavity 603. The force required for anchorage is transmitted to the nut A5 through the prestressing tendon, and then to the sleeve 6 through the nut A5. The stop ring 7 plays the role of transmitting stress, restraining excessive deformation of the sleeve 6 in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the prestressing tendon, and centering the prestressing tendon.

[0063] One end of the connecting rod 3 is connected to the sleeve 6 by a thread. The lower end of the prestressing tendon extends to the grouting anchorage section, and the upper end is connected to the nut A5. The prestressing tendon does not pass through the connecting rod 3. The other end of the connecting rod 3 is connected to the first nut B1 by a thread, thereby realizing the connection between the lower anchorage section and the upper tensioning section.

[0064] The material strength of nut A5 is greater than that of sleeve 6. The contact surface between nut A5 and sleeve 6 is inclined to the central axis of the device. When subjected to force, the force can be divided into a force along the central axis of the device and a force perpendicular to the central axis of the device. The force along the central axis of the device is used to cause nut A5 to displace along the central axis of the device under the action of the force, so as to achieve the purpose of large deformation of the device. The force perpendicular to the central axis of the device is used to ensure that nut A5 can apply pressure to sleeve 6 and deform sleeve 6, so as to provide a spatial basis for nut A5 to displace towards stop ring 7.

Claims

1. A type of interlocking, shear-resistant, constant-resistance, large-deformation anchor bolt, characterized in that, It includes a load-bearing section (101), a free section (102), and an anchor bolt (8). One side of the free section (102) is connected to the anchor bolt (8), and the other side of the free section (102) is connected to the load-bearing section (101). The free section (102) includes a connecting rod (3), a nut A (5), a sleeve (6) and a stop ring (7). One end of the sleeve (6) is connected to the connecting rod (3), and the other end of the sleeve (6) is connected to the stop ring (7). One end of the anchor rod (8) passes through the stop ring (7) and is connected to the nut A (5). The nut A (5) is located inside the sleeve (6). The sleeve (6) has an annular body (601) on its outer wall, a connecting part (602) at one end of the sleeve (6), a groove (605) on its inner wall, a cavity (603) and a boss (604) inside the connecting part (602), the diameter of the connecting part (602) being larger than the diameter of the sleeve (6), and the nut A (5) being placed inside the cavity (603); The sleeve (6) is connected to the connecting rod (3) through the connecting part (602), and a sealing gasket (4) is provided on the boss (604), with one side of the sealing gasket (4) connected to the connecting rod (3); The bearing section (101) includes a first nut B (1) and a pad (2). The first nut B (1) is connected to a connecting rod (3), and the connecting rod (3) passes through the pad (2). The installation method of the interlocking shear-resistant constant resistance large deformation anchor bolt includes the following steps: S1: Connect the stop ring (7) to the sleeve (6); tighten the anchor rod (8) and nut A (5); insert the end of the anchor rod (8) that is not connected to the nut A (5) into the sleeve (6) along one end of the connecting part (602) until the spherical end of the nut A (5) contacts the conical end of the cavity (603). At this time, the end of the anchor rod (8) that is not connected to the nut A (5) should extend a section from the stop ring (7); S2: Inject waterproof material into the cavity where the end of the stop ring (7) away from the sleeve (6) is connected to the anchor rod (8), and prevent the grout from flowing back into the cavity of the sleeve (6) during grouting; S3: Place the sealing gasket (4) into the connecting part (602), and position the sealing gasket (4) so ​​that it contacts the surface of the boss (604); tighten the second nut B (9) to the connecting part (602) until the large end of the second nut B (9) presses against the sealing gasket (4); S4: Place the assembled parts from steps S1-S3 into the prestressed duct, with the length of insertion equal to the length of the connecting rod (3) extending beyond the tensioning reference surface. Install the pad (2) onto the tensioning reference surface, and pass the connecting rod (3) through the center hole of the pad (2). Screw the first nut B (1) into the connecting rod (3) from one end. Then, perform duct grouting and concrete pouring. After the concrete strength reaches the designed tensioning strength, perform the tensioning work. During tensioning, use the pad (2) as the tensioning bearing surface and tension one end of the connecting rod (3). The prestress is transmitted to the sleeve (6) and anchor (8) through the connecting rod (3). After tensioning and locking, tighten the first nut B (1) to complete the installation.

2. The interlocking shear-resistant constant resistance large deformation anchor bolt as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting part (602) can be connected to the anchor rod (8) by the nut C (10), and one end of the cavity (603) is conical.

3. The interlocking shear-resistant constant-resistance large-deformation anchor bolt as described in claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the nut A (5) is a spherical end.

4. The interlocking shear-resistant constant-resistance large-deformation anchor bolt as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pad (2) is made of steel.

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