A self-exhaust shock absorber and its application in vehicles

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of shock absorber equipment, specifically a self-exhaust shock absorber and its application in vehicles, comprising a working cylinder and an oil storage cylinder sleeved on the periphery of the working cylinder, the lower end of the working cylinder is fixedly connected to a bottom valve assembly, the upper end of the working cylinder is fixedly connected to a guide seal assembly, the guide seal assembly comprises a guide seat, the upper end of the guide seat is connected to an O-ring, the upper end of the O-ring is connected to a top cover, a piston rod is passed through the guide seat, the top cover and the oil storage cylinder, a sliding sleeve is provided on the outer periphery of the oil storage cylinder, the sliding sleeve and the piston rod are coaxially fixedly connected, a piston valve is coaxially slidably connected inside the working cylinder, the piston valve and the piston rod are coaxially fixedly connected, the bottom valve assembly comprises a valve seat, a compression valve and a compensation valve are connected to the valve seat, the compression valve and the compensation valve adopt an independent distribution mode, an airbag system is connected inside the oil storage cylinder, and the airbag system is immersed in the oil in the oil storage cylinder; and it has strong practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shock absorber equipment, in particular to a self-exhaust shock absorber and application thereof in a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] Rail transit hydraulic shock absorbers are key components of rail vehicle running gear. Their performance directly impacts ride comfort and operational safety. In recent years, with the rapid development of rail vehicle technology in my country, rail vehicle speeds have continued to increase, placing increasing demands on shock absorbers, particularly those for anti-snaking shock absorbers. Tests have shown that when vehicle speeds exceed 160 km / h, the vehicle will experience snaking motion, which increases dramatically as speed increases. If this harmful vibration is not suppressed, it will endanger driving safety.

[0003] Patent application number CN202410962624.5 discloses a hydraulic combination shock absorber for automobiles. By providing an air guide frame, an air inlet, an air inlet frame, an exhaust fan, an air filter sponge sheet, and an isolation net, when in use, a high-speed airflow is generated by the exhaust fan and blown outward from the inside of the mud guard sleeve, which can not only ensure the active cleaning of the mud and sand between the sponge block and the mud guard brush, but also form an outward wind pressure zone, effectively blocking the mud and sand from entering the mud guard sleeve. By providing a threaded shaft, a lifting push cylinder, a guide groove, a guide frame, a bottom seal block, a shaft sealing ring, a cover plate, a lower hanging ear, a damping adjustment motor, a damping adjustment handwheel, a scale bar, a mounting ring, a positioning slider, a positioning spring, and a positioning clamping wheel, the damping inside the damper can be adjusted by driving the damping adjustment motor or manually controlling the damping adjustment handwheel auxiliary device outside the outer cylinder. By setting up the movable sliding cylinder, the movable insert cylinder, the second flow suppression hole and the second adjustment sealing ring, and by adjusting the relative positions between multiple damping adjustment driven mechanisms, the opening degree of the second flow suppression hole and the first flow suppression hole can be effectively controlled, thereby achieving precise control of the damping liquid flow rate and thus achieving adjustment of the damping size.

[0004] Chinese patent application number CN202410523220.6 discloses a single-cycle hydraulic oil circuit anti-snaking shock absorber, which is provided with a compression valve at the bottom of the oil storage cylinder, an adjusting valve seat and a guide on the other side of the oil storage cylinder, and then a working cylinder is provided in the oil storage cylinder. The working cylinder is fixed between the compression valve and the adjusting valve seat. The space between the working cylinder and the oil storage cylinder is a low-pressure oil storage area. A reciprocating motion component is provided in the working cylinder. One end of the reciprocating motion component extends into the middle position of the working cylinder through the guide and the adjusting valve seat, and is sealed and slidably matched with the inner wall of the working cylinder. In the working cylinder, A compression chamber is formed between the reciprocating assembly and the regulating valve seat, and a stretching chamber is formed between the reciprocating assembly and the compression valve. A damping adjustment assembly is provided on the regulating valve seat. With the cooperation of the reciprocating assembly, the damping adjustment assembly and the compression valve, the oil in both the stretching chamber and the stretching chamber is regulated by the damping adjustment assembly to adjust the damping characteristics of the shock absorber. After achieving its damping adjustment function, the oil flows through the low-pressure oil storage area and enters the bottom of the compression valve through this area to form an oil circulation process, thereby avoiding the oil flow damping loss along the oil guide pipe structure. Therefore, the speed changes rapidly, the sensitivity is high, and the damping symmetry is good. However, in actual applications, the following problems still exist, specifically:

[0005] 1. The internal design of traditional anti-snaking shock absorbers has many impacts on dynamic characteristics. In particular, the material properties of the airbag inside the shock absorber and the emulsification of gas and oil generated during the operation of the shock absorber will have a serious impact on the dynamic characteristics.

[0006] 2. During the normal working cycle of the shock absorber and during the assembly process of the shock absorber, it is inevitable that there will be air inside the working cylinder and the oil storage cylinder. The air in the oil will enter the working cylinder during the working process of the shock absorber. The existence of bubbles in the cylinder will affect the damping characteristics of the shock absorber and even cause air burst problems.

[0007] 3. When the gas in the working cylinder is discharged into the oil storage cylinder, the gas is always in contact with the oil. During the operation of the shock absorber, the gas will inevitably flow into the working cylinder, and even flow back to the working cylinder, and the gas and oil cannot be effectively separated.

[0008] Therefore, the present invention provides a self-exhaust shock absorber and application thereof in a vehicle to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-exhaust shock absorber and its application in vehicles, which effectively solves the problem of timely discharge of gas in the working cylinder, while avoiding the formation of bubbles in the working cylinder, and collecting the gas in the oil storage cylinder to achieve separation of gas and oil.

[0010] The present invention includes a working cylinder and an oil storage cylinder sleeved on the periphery of the working cylinder, the lower end of the working cylinder is fixedly connected to a bottom valve assembly, the upper end of the working cylinder is fixedly connected to a guide seal assembly, the guide seal assembly includes a guide seat, the upper end of the guide seat is connected to an O-ring, the upper end of the O-ring is connected to a top cover, the piston rod is passed through the guide seat, the top cover and the oil storage cylinder, the outer periphery of the oil storage cylinder is sleeved with a sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve and the piston rod are coaxially fixedly connected, the working cylinder is coaxially slidably connected to a piston valve, and the piston valve and the piston rod are coaxially fixedly connected;

[0011] The bottom valve assembly includes a valve seat, to which a compression valve and a compensation valve are connected, and the compression valve and the compensation valve are independently distributed;

[0012] The oil storage cylinder is connected with an air bag system, and the air bag system is immersed in the oil in the oil storage cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, a ventilation groove is provided on the inner surface of the guide seat that cooperates with the working cylinder, an exhaust valve is connected to the interior of the ventilation groove, a countersunk screw is fixedly connected to the ventilation groove, the exhaust valve is fixed by the countersunk screw, and a through hole is provided on the countersunk screw so that oil can reach the exhaust valve through the through hole;

[0014] An exhaust channel is provided in the guide seat, and the exhaust channel is connected to the air vent groove. An oil return channel is provided on the guide seat, and the oil return channel is connected to the exhaust channel at one end close to the exhaust channel, and the other end of the oil return channel is connected to the liquid storage cylinder. The oil return channel is arranged to be inclined downward.

[0015] Preferably, the compensation valve includes a valve hole opened in the valve seat, a compensation valve limiter connected to the inside of the valve hole for sliding up and down, a compensation valve spring coaxially arranged inside the valve hole, a compensation valve nut connected to the inside of the valve hole, the compensation valve nut and the compensation valve limiter are threadedly connected, the lower end of the compensation valve spring is in contact with the compensation valve nut, the upper end of the compensation valve spring is connected to a spring base, and the spring base is fixedly connected to the valve hole.

[0016] Preferably, the upper end of the valve hole is stepped, a partitioning mesh is coaxially arranged inside the valve hole, and the partitioning mesh is fixed inside the valve hole through the spring base.

[0017] Preferably, the airbag system includes an aluminum foil layer, a nylon layer, and a polypropylene layer, wherein the aluminum foil layer is the outermost layer, the nylon layer is the middle layer, and the polypropylene layer is the inner layer, and has ultra-high barrier properties while improving temperature resistance.

[0018] Preferably, the ventilation groove is provided with a step, and the exhaust valve cooperates with the step through a conical surface to achieve line contact between the exhaust valve and the ventilation groove, and the material of the exhaust valve (15) is processed by powder metallurgy technology.

[0019] Preferably, the upper end of the guide seat is coaxially connected to a top cover, the upper end of the top cover is provided with an upper stepped groove, the lower end of the top cover is provided with a lower stepped groove, the upper end of the guide seat is provided with an oil scraping groove that matches the lower stepped groove, and an oil scraping sleeve is placed inside the lower stepped groove and the oil scraping groove, and the middle position and the lower end surface of the oil scraping sleeve are both clearance-matched with the piston rod to scrape the oil on the piston rod;

[0020] An upper oil scraper is connected to the interior of the upper stepped groove, and the middle position of the upper oil scraper is clearance-matched with the piston rod. The top cover and the piston rod are clearance-matched, so that the scraped oil enters the interior of the oil scraper groove. The oil scraper groove is connected to the oil return channel, and the oil is introduced into the oil storage cylinder.

[0021] Preferably, an air collecting bin connected to the oil return passage is provided in the guide seat, an air collecting box is provided at the upper end of the air collecting bin, an air collecting piston is slidably connected to the air collecting box, an air collecting spring is connected between the air collecting piston and the upper end of the air collecting box, and a one-way exhaust valve is fixedly connected to the lower end of the air collecting box;

[0022] An oil storage tank is provided inside the guide seat, and a one-way oil valve is connected to the oil storage tank. The oil enters the oil storage cylinder through the one-way oil valve. A buffer channel is connected between the oil storage tank and the air collecting box, and a buffer piston is coaxially slidably connected inside the buffer channel.

[0023] The present invention improves the existing oil pressure shock absorber and has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] 1. By setting up the guide seat, exhaust valve and other structures, they are cleverly implemented in the shock absorber according to the physical properties of the material. At the same time, the dividing mesh used in the bottom valve assembly will divide the larger bubbles in the oil into smaller bubbles or disappear before entering the working cylinder;

[0025] 2. By setting the airbag system to a three-layer structure of aluminum foil layer, nylon layer and polypropylene layer, the barrier performance and temperature resistance of the airbag system are effectively improved, avoiding the problem of air leakage caused by long-term use of the airbag system;

[0026] 3. By setting up the upper stepped groove, lower stepped groove, oil scraper groove, oil scraper sleeve, upper oil scraper plate and other structures, the oil adhering to the piston rod during the reciprocating sliding process can be scraped off to avoid oil leakage in the shock absorber;

[0027] 4. By setting up structures such as a gas collecting bin, a gas collecting box, a gas collecting piston, a one-way exhaust valve, an oil storage bin, a one-way oil valve, a buffer channel and a buffer piston, the gas collected in the oil storage cylinder is effectively separated from the gas and liquid, and the gas is collected in time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 2 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point A in the middle.

[0031] Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point B in the middle.

[0032] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 2 A partial enlarged schematic diagram of point C in the middle.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the guide seal assembly structure of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the bottom valve assembly of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the guide seat and its connecting parts of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the compensation valve structure of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 10 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the airbag system of the present invention.

[0038] Reference numerals: 1, working cylinder; 2, oil storage cylinder; 5, guide seat; 6, O-ring; 7, top cover; 8, sliding sleeve; 9, piston valve; 10, valve seat; 11, compression valve; 13, air bag system; 14, breathable groove; 15, exhaust valve; 16, countersunk screw; 17, through hole; 18, exhaust channel; 19, oil return channel; 20, valve hole; 21, compensation limiter; 22, compensation valve spring; 23, compensation valve nut; 2 4. Spring base; 25. Split mesh; 26. Aluminum foil layer; 27. Nylon layer; 28. Polypropylene layer; 31. Upper step groove; 32. Lower step groove; 33. Oil scraper groove; 34. Oil scraper sleeve; 35. Upper oil scraper plate; 37. Air collecting box; 38. Air collecting piston; 39. Air collecting spring; 40. One-way exhaust valve; 41. Oil storage tank; 42. One-way oil valve; 43. Buffer channel; 44. Buffer piston; 45. Piston rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The above and other technical contents, features and effects of the present invention are described below with reference to the attached Figures 1 to 10 The detailed description of the embodiments will clearly show that the structural contents mentioned in the following embodiments are all based on the accompanying drawings.

[0040] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0041] The present invention includes a working cylinder 1 and an oil storage cylinder 2 sleeved on the periphery of the working cylinder 1, and the oil is realized to flow in the working cylinder 1 and the oil storage cylinder 2. The lower end of the working cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to a bottom valve assembly, and the oil is realized to flow between the oil storage cylinder 2 and the working cylinder 1 through the bottom valve assembly, so that the oil can flow from the working cylinder 1 to the oil storage cylinder 2, and at the same time, under pressure, it flows from the oil storage cylinder 2 to the working cylinder 1 to replenish the oil amount in the working cylinder 1. The upper end of the working cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to a guide seal assembly, and the guide seal assembly includes a guide seat 5. The upper end of the guide seat 5 is connected to an O-ring 6, and the upper end of the O-ring 6 is connected There is a top cover 7, and the sealing between the guide seat 5 and the top cover 7 is achieved by the O-ring 6. The piston rod 45 is inserted into the guide seat 5, the top cover 7 and the oil storage cylinder 2. The outer sleeve of the oil storage cylinder 2 is provided with a sliding sleeve 8. The sliding sleeve 8 and the piston rod 45 are coaxially fixedly connected. The up and down sliding of the sliding sleeve 8 drives the piston rod 45 to slide up and down in the working cylinder 1. The working cylinder 1 is coaxially slidably connected with a piston valve 9. The piston valve 9 and the piston rod 45 are coaxially fixedly connected. In the process of the piston rod 45 sliding up and down, the piston valve 9 is driven to slide up and down synchronously, and then the vibration reduction effect is achieved through the damping effect of the oil in the working cylinder 1.

[0042] The bottom valve assembly includes a valve seat 10, to which a compression valve 11 and a compensation valve are connected. The compression valve 11 and the compensation valve adopt an independent distribution mode. When the piston rod 45 slides upward, the oil enters the working cylinder 1 through the compensation valve. When the piston rod 45 slides downward, part of the oil in the lower chamber of the working cylinder 1 enters the oil storage cylinder 2 through the pressure valve. The volume of the oil passing through the pressure valve is the volume of the change in the volume of the piston rod 45 in the working cylinder 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the oil amount in the working cylinder 1.

[0043] The oil storage cylinder 2 is connected to an airbag system 13, and the airbag system 13 is immersed in the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2. The sliding of the piston rod 45 is achieved through the airbag system 13. The working cylinder 1 and the oil storage cylinder 2 are originally filled with oil. When the internal space cannot change, the damping effect is very poor. Therefore, in order to improve the damping effect, when the piston rod 45 slides downward, part of the oil in the working cylinder 1 enters the oil storage cylinder 2. Under the action of pressure changes, the airbag system 13 is deformed, which is suitable for changes in the volume of oil in the working cylinder 1 and the oil storage cylinder 2.

[0044] During the specific implementation of this embodiment, when the shock absorber is compressed, the piston rod 45 slides downward, and the piston rod 45 drives the piston valve 9 to slide synchronously. The sliding of the piston valve 9 allows most of the oil in the lower chamber of the working cylinder 1 to enter the upper chamber of the working cylinder 1 through the piston valve 9. At the same time, part of the oil enters the oil storage cylinder 2 through the pressure valve. At the same time, the airbag system 13 is deformed to ensure that the oil can smoothly enter the oil storage cylinder 2. When the shock absorber is stretched, the piston rod 45 slides upward, and at the same time drives the piston valve 9 to slide upward. At this time, the oil in the upper chamber passes through the piston valve 9 into the lower chamber. At the same time, the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 passes through the compensation valve into the working cylinder 1.

[0045] During the process of assembling the shock absorber and filling the oil, gas will enter. The gas in the working cylinder 1 will affect the performance of the shock absorber and even cause air explosion. Therefore, it is particularly important to discharge the gas in the working cylinder 1 in time. Therefore, a structure for discharging the gas in the working cylinder 1 in time is provided. Specifically, the inner surface of the guide seat 5 and the working cylinder 1 is provided with a vent groove 14, and the vent groove 14 is internally connected to an exhaust valve 15. The vent groove 14 is fixedly connected to a countersunk screw 16, and the exhaust is achieved through the countersunk screw 16. To fix the valve 15, a through hole 17 is provided on the countersunk screw 16, so that the oil can reach the exhaust valve 15 through the through hole 17, and the air in the oil will move upward and enter the through hole 17 with the oil. At the same time, after entering the through hole 17, the gas passes through the exhaust valve 15 and enters the breathable groove 14. At the same time, the oil is blocked outside the exhaust valve 15. The molecular gap of the air is larger than the molecular gap of the oil. In the oil circulation, after the oil reaches the exhaust valve 15, due to its characteristics, the air can easily pass through the exhaust valve 15 while the oil is more difficult.

[0046] An exhaust channel 18 is provided in the guide seat 5, and the exhaust channel 18 is connected to the air vent groove 14, so that the exhausted gas enters the exhaust channel 18 through the air vent groove 14. An oil return channel 19 is provided on the guide seat 5, and the oil return channel 19 is connected to the exhaust channel 18 at one end close to the exhaust channel 18, and the other end of the oil return channel 19 is connected to the liquid storage cylinder. The oil return channel 19 is arranged to be inclined downward, and the gas enters the oil return channel 19 after passing through the exhaust channel 18, and then enters the oil storage cylinder 2 after passing through the oil return channel 19. The gas stays at the upper end of the oil storage cylinder 2, and the gas is discharged from the working cylinder 1 into the interior of the oil storage cylinder 2.

[0047] The compensating valve includes a valve hole 20 opened in the valve seat 10, a compensating valve limiter connected to the upper and lower sliding connection inside the valve hole 20, and the opening and closing of the valve hole 20 is controlled by sliding of the compensating valve limiter. A compensating valve spring 22 is coaxially arranged inside the valve hole 20, and a compensating valve nut 23 is connected to the valve hole 20. The compensating valve nut 23 is threadedly connected to the compensating valve limiter, and the compensating valve limiter and the compensating valve nut 23 slide synchronously. The lower end of the compensating valve spring 22 is in contact with the compensating valve nut 23. The upper end of the compensation valve spring 22 is connected to a spring base 24, and the spring base 24 is fixedly connected to the valve hole 20. When the piston rod 45 slides upward, the piston valve 9 is driven upward. At this time, the pressure in the lower chamber of the working cylinder 1 will become low, and the oil pressure in the oil storage cylinder 2 drives the compensation valve limiter to slide upward. The compensation limiter 21 slides upward to open the valve hole 20, so that the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 is replenished into the interior of the working cylinder 1. At the same time, the airbag system 13 changes, so that the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 is in a filled state.

[0048] When gas is mixed in the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2, the gas will enter the working cylinder 1 along with the oil. After the gas enters the working cylinder 1, it will affect the damping characteristics of the oil in the working cylinder 1. Therefore, a structure for gas processing is provided to reduce the influence of the gas on the damping characteristics of the shock absorber. The upper end of the valve hole 20 is stepped, and a dividing mesh 25 is coaxially arranged inside the valve hole 20. The dividing mesh 25 is limited by the stepped structure of the valve hole 20. The dividing mesh 25 is fixed to the inside of the valve hole 20 through the spring base 24. During the oil return process in the oil storage cylinder, the dividing mesh 25 will crush or eliminate the bubbles generated, so that no bubbles that affect the characteristics of the shock absorber will be generated in the working cylinder 1, thereby ensuring the stability of the shock absorber performance.

[0049] The emulsification of gas and oil generated during the operation of the shock absorber will have a serious impact on the dynamic characteristics and may even cause major accidents. Therefore, it is particularly important to avoid the stability of the airbag system 13 and ensure that the airbag system 13 does not leak. Therefore, an airbag system 13 of a new material is provided. Specifically, the airbag system 13 includes an aluminum foil layer 26, a nylon layer 27, and a polypropylene layer 28. The aluminum foil layer 26 is the outermost layer, the nylon layer 27 is the middle layer, and the polypropylene layer 28 is the inner layer. It has ultra-high barrier properties and can improve temperature resistance while enhancing the stability of the airbag and avoiding leakage of the airbag system 13.

[0050] The air-permeable groove 14 is provided with a step, and the exhaust valve 15 cooperates with the step through a conical surface to achieve line contact between the exhaust valve 15 and the air-permeable groove 14. The material of the exhaust valve 15 is processed by powder metallurgy technology, and there are many small holes throughout it. Therefore, the exhaust valve 15 and the step surface of the air-permeable groove 14 cannot adopt a flat sealing method, which will cause the gap between the oil and the step surface to flow into the channel. The use of conical surface cooperation has become the best solution. The contact area with the step surface is very small, and the oil leakage is prevented by line sealing, ensuring that the exhaust valve 15 can only allow gas to pass through.

[0051] The oil scraping sleeve 34 is arranged inside the lower step groove 32 and the oil scraping sleeve 34 is arranged inside the lower step groove 32 and the middle position and the lower end surface of the oil scraping sleeve 34 are both clearance-matched with the piston rod 45 to realize the scraping of the oil on the piston rod 45. The oil on the piston rod 45 is scraped off. Due to the structural setting of the oil scraper sleeve 34, the oil is retained inside the guide seat 5 after scraping. The upper oil scraper plate 35 is connected to the inside of the upper stepped groove 31. The middle position of the upper oil scraper plate 35 is clearance-matched with the piston rod 45. The top cover 7 and the piston rod 45 are clearance-matched, so that the scraped oil enters the oil scraper groove 33. The oil scraper groove 33 is connected to the oil return channel 19, and the oil is introduced into the oil storage cylinder 2. In the process of the piston rod 45 sliding upward, the oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 flows into the working cylinder 1, so that the oil storage cylinder 2 is in a relatively low-pressure state, and then the oil scraped off by the oil scraper sleeve 34 and the upper oil scraper plate 35 can smoothly pass through the oil return channel 19 into the oil storage cylinder 2, avoiding oil leakage of the shock absorber after long-term use.

[0052] After the working cylinder 1 is exhausted, the gas will gather at the top of the oil storage cylinder 2. During the operation of the shock absorber, the gas will be emulsified with the oil again and enter the working cylinder 1 with the oil to a greater or lesser extent, affecting the performance of the entire equipment. Therefore, this embodiment provides a structure for collecting the exhausted gas and realizing gas-oil separation. Specifically, a gas collecting bin connected to the return oil channel 19 is provided in the guide seat 5. Due to the characteristics of the gas, the gas will gather inside the gas collecting bin. A gas collecting box 37 is provided at the upper end of the gas collecting bin. A gas collecting piston 38 is connected to the gas collecting box 37 for sliding up and down. A gas collecting spring 39 is connected between the gas collecting piston 38 and the upper end of the gas collecting box 37. A one-way exhaust valve 40 is fixedly connected to the lower end of the gas collecting box 37, so that the gas can enter the gas collecting box 37 in one direction through the one-way exhaust valve 40 and compress the gas collecting piston 38 inside the gas collecting box 37, so that the gas gathers inside the gas collecting box 37.

[0053] An oil storage tank 41 is provided inside the guide seat 5, and a one-way oil valve 42 is connected to the oil storage tank 41. The oil enters the oil storage cylinder 2 through the one-way oil valve 42. A buffer channel 43 is connected between the oil storage tank 41 and the air collecting box 37. A buffer piston 44 is coaxially slidably connected inside the buffer channel 43. When the piston rod 45 slides upward, the pressure inside the oil storage cylinder 2 decreases. At this time, the air collecting spring 39 resets to compress the gas. During the compression process of the collected gas, the buffer piston 44 slides, thereby pressurizing the oil in the oil storage tank 41. During the sliding process of the buffer piston 44, the oil in the oil storage tank 41 flows into the oil storage cylinder 2. The buffer piston 44 squeezes out an amount of oil equal to the volume of the gas from the oil storage tank 41, thereby ensuring that the amount of oil in the oil storage cylinder 2 and the working cylinder 1 is always consistent, ensuring the separation of oil and gas while also ensuring the stability of the shock absorption performance of the shock absorber.

[0054] In order to prevent the pressure of the oil storage cylinder 2 from increasing during the downward sliding process of the piston rod 45, which will cause the oil inside the oil storage cylinder 2 to flow back into the oil return channel 19, the present embodiment provides a structure for preventing backflow of the oil return channel 19. Specifically, the oil return channel 19 is fixedly connected to an end of the oil storage cylinder 2 close to the oil storage cylinder 2 with an anti-backflow structure. The anti-backflow structure includes a sleeve fixedly connected to the oil return channel 19, a tapered hole is opened inside the sleeve, and a tapered plug is coaxially slidably connected to the inside of the tapered hole. The tapered plug and The sleeves are connected by a spring. In a pressure-free state, the tapered plug fits against the inner wall of the tapered hole to achieve sealing of the oil return pipe. When the pressure of the oil storage cylinder 2 becomes low, the tapered plug slides toward the side of the oil storage cylinder 2 to open the oil return passage 19, thereby allowing the oil to flow back into the oil storage cylinder 2. Conversely, when the pressure of the oil storage cylinder 2 increases relatively, the oil pressure presses the tapered plug and the tapered hole to fit tightly, thereby avoiding the backflow of oil and also avoiding the backflow of gas into the inside of the working cylinder 1.

[0055] When the present invention is used in practice, when the shock absorber is compressed, the piston rod 45 slides downward, and the piston rod 45 drives the piston valve 9 to slide synchronously. The sliding of the piston valve 9 allows most of the oil in the lower chamber of the working cylinder 1 to enter the upper chamber of the working cylinder 1 through the piston valve 9. At the same time, part of the oil enters the oil storage cylinder 2 through the pressure valve. At the same time, the gas enters the upper chamber from the lower chamber of the working cylinder 1, and then enters the air vent 14, the oil return channel 19, and finally enters the oil storage rod through the exhaust valve 15. When the shock absorber is compressed, the airbag system 13 deforms to ensure that the oil can smoothly enter the oil storage cylinder 2. When the shock absorber is stretched, the piston rod 45 slides upward, and at the same time drives the piston valve 9 to slide upward. The gas follows the oil through the compensation valve into the working cylinder 1. At this time, it is divided into smaller bubbles or disappears by the dividing mesh 25, and then enters the working cylinder 1.

[0056] The above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and cannot be used to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and replacements made by technicians in this field on the basis of the present invention fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-exhaust shock absorber, comprising a working cylinder (1) and an oil storage cylinder (2) sleeved on the periphery of the working cylinder (1), characterized in that: The lower end of the working cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a bottom valve assembly, the upper end of the working cylinder (1) is fixedly connected to a guide seal assembly, the guide seal assembly includes a guide seat (5), the upper end of the guide seat (5) is connected to an O-type gasket (6), the upper end of the O-type gasket (6) is connected to a top cover (7), a piston rod (45) is passed through the guide seat (5), the top cover (7) and the oil storage cylinder (2), a sliding sleeve (8) is provided on the outer periphery of the oil storage cylinder (2), the sliding sleeve (8) and the piston rod (45) are coaxially fixedly connected, a piston valve (9) is coaxially slidably connected inside the working cylinder (1), and the piston valve (9) and the piston rod (45) are coaxially fixedly connected; The bottom valve assembly includes a valve seat (10), and the valve seat (10) is connected to a compression valve (11) and a compensation valve, and the compression valve (11) and the compensation valve adopt an independent distribution mode; The oil storage cylinder (2) is connected to an air bag system (13), and the air bag system (13) is immersed in the oil in the oil storage cylinder (2); The guide seat (5) and the inner surface of the working cylinder (1) are provided with a ventilation groove (14), the guide seat (5) is inserted into the working cylinder (1), the ventilation groove (14) is connected to the exhaust valve (15), the ventilation groove (14) is fixedly connected with a countersunk screw (16), the exhaust valve (15) is fixed by the countersunk screw (16), and the countersunk screw (16) is provided with a through hole (17) so that oil can reach the exhaust valve (15) through the through hole (17); An exhaust passage (18) is provided in the guide seat (5), and the exhaust passage (18) is connected to the vent groove (14). An oil return passage (19) is provided on the guide seat (5), and one end of the oil return passage (19) close to the exhaust passage (18) is connected to the exhaust passage (18), and the other end of the oil return passage (19) is connected to the oil storage cylinder (2). The oil return passage (19) is arranged to be inclined downward. An air collecting chamber connected to the oil return passage (19) is provided in the guide seat (5), an air collecting box (37) is provided at the upper end of the air collecting chamber, an air collecting piston (38) is slidably connected to the air collecting box (37) up and down, an air collecting spring (39) is connected between the air collecting piston (38) and the upper end of the air collecting box (37), and a one-way exhaust valve (40) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the air collecting box (37); An oil storage tank (41) is provided inside the guide seat (5), and a one-way oil valve (42) is connected to the oil storage tank (41). Oil enters the oil storage cylinder (2) through the one-way oil valve (42). A buffer channel (43) is connected between the oil storage tank (41) and the air collecting box (37). A buffer piston (44) is coaxially slidably connected inside the buffer channel (43). When the piston rod (45) slides upward, the pressure inside the oil storage cylinder (2) decreases. At this time, the air collecting spring ( 39) reset to realize the compression of gas. During the process of compressing the collected gas, the buffer piston (44) slides, thereby realizing the pressurization of the oil in the oil storage tank (41). During the sliding process of the buffer piston (44), the oil in the oil storage tank (41) flows into the oil storage cylinder (2). The buffer piston (44) squeezes out the oil of the same volume as the gas from the oil storage tank (41), thereby ensuring that the amount of oil in the oil storage cylinder (2) and the working cylinder (1) always remains consistent.

2. A self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compensation valve includes a valve hole (20) provided in the valve seat (10), a compensation valve limiter connected to the valve hole (20) for sliding upward and downward movement, a compensation valve spring (22) coaxially arranged in the valve hole (20), a compensation valve nut (23) connected to the valve hole (20), the compensation valve nut (23) and the compensation valve limiter being threadedly connected, the lower end of the compensation valve spring (22) being in contact with the compensation valve nut (23), the upper end of the compensation valve spring (22) being connected to a spring base (24), and the spring base (24) and the valve hole (20) being fixedly connected.

3. A self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper end of the valve hole (20) is stepped, and a split mesh (25) is coaxially arranged inside the valve hole (20). The split mesh (25) is fixed inside the valve hole (20) via the spring base (24).

4. The self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The airbag system (13) comprises an aluminum foil layer (26), a nylon layer (27), and a polypropylene layer (28), wherein the aluminum foil layer (26) is the outermost layer, the nylon layer (27) is the middle layer, and the polypropylene layer (28) is the inner layer, and has ultra-high barrier properties while improving temperature resistance.

5. The self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation groove (14) is provided with a step, and the exhaust valve (15) is matched with the step through a conical surface to achieve line contact between the exhaust valve (15) and the ventilation groove (14). The material of the exhaust valve (15) is processed by powder metallurgy technology.

6. The self-exhaust shock absorber according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper end of the guide seat (5) is coaxially connected to the top cover (7), the upper end of the top cover (7) is provided with an upper stepped groove (31), the lower end of the top cover (7) is provided with a lower stepped groove (32), the upper end of the guide seat (5) is provided with an oil scraping groove (33) that matches the lower stepped groove (32), and an oil scraping sleeve (34) is provided inside the lower stepped groove (32) and the oil scraping groove (33), and the middle position and the lower end surface of the oil scraping sleeve (34) are both clearance-matched with the piston rod (45) to achieve scraping of oil on the piston rod (45); The upper stepped groove (31) is internally connected to an upper scraper plate (35), and the middle position of the upper scraper plate (35) is clearance-matched with the piston rod (45). The top cover (7) and the piston rod (45) are clearance-matched, so that the scraped oil enters the interior of the scraper groove (33). The scraper groove (33) is connected to the oil return channel (19), and the oil is introduced into the oil storage cylinder (2).

7. Application of a self-exhaust shock absorber in a vehicle, characterized in that: Use of a self-exhausting shock absorber as claimed in claim 6.

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