A combined high-precision laser omnidirectional warning device and method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a combined high-precision omnidirectional laser warning device and method, relating to the field of laser warning technology. The device comprises a housing, a laser detection unit, and a positioning unit. The housing is circumferentially provided with two layers of laser detection units, upper and lower, with each layer uniformly provided with multiple laser detection units omnidirectionally around the housing. The bottom of the housing is provided with a positioning unit. The laser detection unit comprises a filter, a field aperture system, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, a photodiode, and a signal processor. The positioning unit comprises a camera, a rotary lifting platform, and a control and detection processing unit. The present invention has the advantage of overcoming the difficulty of balancing high angular resolution and omnidirectional warning in traditional laser warning methods, achieving omnidirectional coverage of the upper hemisphere and high-precision angular resolution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of laser warning technology, and in particular to a combined high-precision laser omnidirectional warning device and method. Background Art

[0002] Laser warning devices are a crucial component of optoelectronic countermeasure systems, capable of identifying threatening laser signals and issuing warnings. Based on their detection principles, laser warning devices can be categorized into four types: coherent recognition, spectral recognition, grating diffraction, and imaging.

[0003] Coherent recognition laser warning devices primarily utilize the principle of laser coherence for detection. Their advantages include strong recognition capabilities, the ability to detect laser wavelengths, and a low false alarm rate. Their main disadvantages are complex system structure, difficulty in processing and assembly, and high cost.

[0004] Spectral recognition laser warning devices typically use photodiodes as detection elements, determining the direction of threatening lasers based on the spatial distribution of the photodiode array. For example, patent publication CN118746418A discloses a high-resolution laser warning device comprising a housing with ten horizontal detection units positioned on the semi-conical surface and a top detection unit on the top surface. Its primary drawback is low angular resolution.

[0005] Grating diffraction laser warning devices primarily consist of a large-field-of-view optical system, a grating device, and an array detector. The position and spacing of the diffraction spots can be used to determine the azimuth angle of the threatening laser. For example, patent publication CN112665532A discloses a high-precision warning device based on a four-quadrant detector and a two-dimensional grating. The device includes a field-of-view compression system, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, a coarse angle measurement module, and a fine angle measurement module. However, its main drawback is that it cannot provide omnidirectional warning.

[0006] Imaging laser warning devices typically consist of a large-field-of-view optical system and a charge-coupled device (CCD) or other area array detector. Requiring no mechanical scanning, they offer high spatial angular resolution, high sensitivity, and a wide dynamic range. For example, patent publication CN116735166A discloses a device for detecting the spatial uniformity of narrowband filters. The device includes an integrating sphere light source, a reference narrowband filter, an object-space field stop, an object-space telecentric objective lens, a sample narrowband filter to be tested, a mounting assembly for the narrowband filter to be tested, an area array CCD detector, and a data acquisition system. The main drawbacks of this device are the complexity of the optical system, high cost, and difficulty in miniaturization.

[0007] In summary, existing laser warning devices cannot achieve both high angular resolution and omnidirectional warning, and are costly and complex in structure. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is how to achieve both high angular resolution and omnidirectional warning.

[0009] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: a combined high-precision laser omnidirectional warning device, comprising a housing, a laser detection unit, and a positioning unit. The housing is provided with upper and lower layers of laser detection units along the circumference, and each layer is provided with multiple laser detection units uniformly arranged omnidirectionally around the housing. A positioning unit is provided at the bottom of the housing;

[0010] The laser detection unit includes a filter, a field aperture system, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, a photodiode, and a signal processor. The filter and the field aperture system are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside of the housing. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is used to reflect the incident laser light passing through the filter and the aperture system to the photodiode, and the photodiode is connected to the signal processor.

[0011] The positioning unit includes a camera, a rotating lifting platform and a control and detection processing unit. The camera is installed on the rotating lifting platform. Each laser detection unit shares a camera through the transmission light path of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror. The signal processor of each laser detection unit, the camera and the rotating lifting platform are all connected to the control and detection processing unit.

[0012] As an optimized technical solution, the shell is a frustum.

[0013] As an optimized technical solution, 16 laser detection units are evenly arranged around the outer circumference of the shell in each layer, and the field of view of a single laser detection unit is 45°×45°.

[0014] As an optimized technical solution, the photodiode adopts a PIN photodiode.

[0015] As an optimized technical solution, the rotary lifting platform is an electrically controlled device.

[0016] A laser omnidirectional warning method, using the combined high-precision laser omnidirectional warning device, comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1. Number the alarm trigger signals of each laser detection unit;

[0018] S2, calibrating and storing the precise position data of the camera aligned with the transmission light path of the corresponding laser detection unit;

[0019] S3. When the photodiode in a laser detection unit receives a threatening laser signal, the signal processor processes it and issues an alarm trigger signal;

[0020] S4. After receiving the alarm trigger signal, the control and detection processing unit queries the precise position data of the camera aligned with the transmission light path of the corresponding laser detection unit according to the alarm trigger signal number of the corresponding laser detection unit, and controls the rotary lifting platform to align the camera with the transmission light path of the corresponding laser detection unit;

[0021] S5, the control and detection processing unit controls the camera to collect the laser spot image;

[0022] S6. The control and detection processing unit segments the laser spot and the background in the spot image through an image processing algorithm;

[0023] S7. The control and detection processing unit calculates the center position of the light spot based on the camera and lens parameters, and calculates the precise angle of the threatening laser according to the installation position parameters of the camera on the rotary lifting platform and the actual position value of the rotary lifting platform.

[0024] As an optimized technical solution, the image processing algorithm adopts adaptive energy threshold and adaptive gain control methods.

[0025] The advantages of the present invention are that the device is composed of an integrated combination of a laser detection unit and a positioning unit. The positioning unit can be accurately positioned on the transmission light path of the corresponding laser detection unit through a rotating lifting platform under the rough guidance of a photodiode. The image processing algorithm is combined with the installation position parameters of the camera on the rotating lifting platform and the actual position value of the rotating lifting platform to obtain the precise angle information of the incident laser, breaking through the difficult problem of the traditional laser warning method that high angular resolution and omnidirectional warning cannot be taken into account at the same time, and can achieve omnidirectional coverage and high-precision angular resolution in the upper hemisphere airspace, with low cost and simple structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a combined high-precision laser omnidirectional warning device according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 The figure is a flow chart of the laser omnidirectional alarm method according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, an embodiment of the present invention discloses a combined high-precision laser omnidirectional warning device, including a housing 1, a laser detection unit 2 and a positioning unit 3.

[0030] The shell 1 is a frustum, and is circumferentially provided with two layers of upper and lower laser detection units 2. Each layer has 16 laser detection units 2 evenly arranged 360° around the shell 1, with a total of 32 laser detection units in the two layers. The field of view of a single laser detection unit 2 is 45°×45°. A positioning unit 3 is provided at the bottom of the shell 1.

[0031] The laser detection unit 2 includes a filter 21, a field aperture system 22, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 23, a photodiode 24 and a signal processor 25; the filter 21 and the field aperture system 22 are arranged in sequence from the outside to the inside of the shell 1 to effectively receive the threatening laser and filter out background light interference. The field aperture system 22 is used to limit the incident laser to the effective field of view; the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 23 is used to reflect the incident laser passing through the filter 21 and the aperture system 22 to the photodiode 24, and the photodiode 24 is connected to the signal processor 25. The photodiode 24 adopts a PIN photodiode; the incident laser is reflected by the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 23 into the photodiode 24, and forms an alarm trigger signal through the signal processor 25.

[0032] The positioning unit 3 includes a camera 31, a rotating lifting platform 32 and a control and detection processing unit 33; the camera 31 adopts a high-resolution, high-sensitivity, low-illumination camera, the rotating lifting platform 32 is an electronic control device, the camera 31 is installed on the rotating lifting platform 32, the rotating lifting platform 32 is used to drive the camera 31 to rotate and lift, and each laser detection unit 2 shares a camera 31 through the transmission light path of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror 23. The signal processor 25, camera 31 and rotating lifting platform 32 of each laser detection unit 2 are all connected to the control and detection processing unit 33; the control and detection processing unit 33 receives the alarm trigger signal sent by the signal processor 25, controls the rotation and lifting of the rotating lifting platform 32, so that the camera 31 is accurately positioned on the transmission light path of the corresponding laser detection unit 2, and the control and detection processing unit 33 performs spot position detection processing on the laser spot image collected by the camera 31, thereby realizing accurate measurement of the angle of the incident laser.

[0033] like Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention further discloses a laser omnidirectional warning method, which uses the combined high-precision laser omnidirectional warning device and includes the following steps:

[0034] S1. Number the alarm trigger signals of each laser detection unit 2;

[0035] S2, calibrate and store the precise position data of the camera 31 aligned with the corresponding laser detection unit 2 transmission light path;

[0036] S3. When the photodiode 24 in a laser detection unit 2 receives a threatening laser signal, the signal processor 25 processes it and issues an alarm trigger signal;

[0037] S4. After receiving the alarm trigger signal, the control and detection processing unit 33 queries the precise position data of the camera 31 aligned with the transmission light path of the corresponding laser detection unit 2 according to the alarm trigger signal number of the corresponding laser detection unit 2, and quickly controls the rotary lifting platform 32 to accurately align the camera 31 with the transmission light path of the corresponding laser detection unit 2;

[0038] S5, the control and detection processing unit 33 controls the camera 31 to collect the laser spot image;

[0039] S6, the control and detection processing unit 33 segments the laser spot and the background in the spot image through an image processing algorithm, wherein the image processing algorithm adopts an adaptive energy threshold and an adaptive gain control method;

[0040] S7. The control and detection processing unit 33 calculates the center position of the light spot based on the camera and lens parameters, and calculates the precise angle of the threatening laser according to the installation position parameters of the camera 31 on the rotary lifting platform 32 and the actual position values ​​of the rotary lifting platform 32 such as the horizontal position and lifting height of the rotary lifting platform 32.

[0041] Working principle: The device is composed of an integrated combination of a laser detection unit 2 and a positioning unit 3. The positioning unit 3 can be accurately positioned on the transmission light path of the corresponding laser detection unit 2 through the rotating lifting platform 32 under the rough guidance of the photodiode 24. The image processing algorithm is combined with the installation position parameters of the camera 31 on the rotating lifting platform 32 and the actual position value of the rotating lifting platform 32 to obtain the precise angle information of the incident laser. This breaks through the difficult problem of the traditional laser warning method that high angular resolution and omnidirectional warning cannot be taken into account at the same time, and can achieve omnidirectional coverage and high-precision angular resolution in the upper hemisphere airspace with low cost and simple structure.

[0042] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features thereof may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A combined high-precision laser omnidirectional warning device, characterized by: It includes a shell, a laser detection unit and a positioning unit. The shell is provided with two layers of laser detection units along the circumference, and each layer is uniformly provided with multiple laser detection units around the shell. The bottom of the shell is provided with a positioning unit. The laser detection unit includes a filter, a field aperture system, a semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror, a photodiode, and a signal processor. The filter and the field aperture system are sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside of the housing. The semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror is used to reflect the incident laser light passing through the filter and the aperture system to the photodiode, and the photodiode is connected to the signal processor. The positioning unit includes a camera, a rotating lifting platform and a control and detection processing unit. The camera is installed on the rotating lifting platform. Each laser detection unit shares a camera through the transmission light path of the semi-transparent and semi-reflective mirror. The signal processor of each laser detection unit, the camera and the rotating lifting platform are all connected to the control and detection processing unit.

2. The combined high-precision omnidirectional laser warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shell is a frustum.

3. The combined high-precision laser omnidirectional warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each layer is evenly provided with 16 laser detection units around the outer circumference of the shell, and the field of view of a single laser detection unit is 45°×45°.

4. The combined high-precision omnidirectional laser warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The photodiode is a PIN photodiode.

5. The combined high-precision laser omnidirectional warning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotary lifting platform is an electrically controlled device.

6. A laser omnidirectional warning method, using the combined high-precision laser omnidirectional warning device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. Number the alarm trigger signals of each laser detection unit; S2, calibrating and storing the precise position data of the camera aligned with the transmission light path of the corresponding laser detection unit; S3. When the photodiode in a laser detection unit receives a threatening laser signal, the signal processor processes it and issues an alarm trigger signal; S4. After receiving the alarm trigger signal, the control and detection processing unit queries the precise position data of the camera aligned with the transmission light path of the corresponding laser detection unit according to the alarm trigger signal number of the corresponding laser detection unit, and controls the rotary lifting platform to align the camera with the transmission light path of the corresponding laser detection unit; S5, the control and detection processing unit controls the camera to collect the laser spot image; S6. The control and detection processing unit segments the laser spot and the background in the spot image through an image processing algorithm; S7. The control and detection processing unit calculates the center position of the light spot based on the camera and lens parameters, and calculates the precise angle of the threatening laser according to the installation position parameters of the camera on the rotary lifting platform and the actual position value of the rotary lifting platform.

7. The laser omnidirectional warning method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The image processing algorithm adopts adaptive energy threshold and adaptive gain control methods.

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