Carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation method and device for watershed vegetation recovery

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation, and discloses a carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation method and device for watershed vegetation restoration, and the method comprises the steps: calculating a reference carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount corresponding to a watershed reference scene scheme through a watershed terrestrial ecosystem water-carbon coupling model; setting a leaf area index and a vegetation type in the target watershed, and constructing a watershed vegetation recovery scheme based on the leaf area index and the vegetation type; calculating carbon sequestration emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the watershed vegetation restoration scheme by using a watershed terrestrial ecosystem water-carbon coupling model; wherein the carbon sequestration emission reduction amount caused by vegetation recovery comprises the total hydroenergy carbon emission reduction amount, the total vegetation carbon sequestration amount and the total karst carbon sequestration amount; and evaluating the carbon sequestration emission reduction effect of the watershed vegetation recovery based on the reference carbon sequestration emission reduction and the carbon sequestration emission reduction caused by the vegetation recovery to obtain a carbon sequestration emission reduction effect evaluation result. According to the method, the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation recovery is comprehensively and reliably evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of carbon fixation and emission reduction effect assessment, and in particular to a method and device for assessing the carbon fixation and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration. Background Art

[0002] The carbon cycle and water cycle of terrestrial ecosystems are the core of the material and energy cycle of the terrestrial surface system. The two are coupled with each other and are both affected by environmental factors and vegetation changes. Fully considering the impact of land use / cover and forest age changes on the carbon cycle has become a development trend in regional-scale carbon source and sink estimation, which has important scientific and practical significance for the comprehensive evaluation of the ecological benefits of vegetation restoration.

[0003] Regional vegetation construction directly affects the carbon sink of vegetation in the basin, and indirectly affects karst carbon sink and hydropower generation by changing the runoff in the basin, thereby affecting the emission reduction benefits of clean energy. Currently, related studies mostly directly consider the single aspect of the impact of vegetation construction on vegetation carbon sink, karst carbon sink or hydropower generation. There is no unified study that comprehensively considers the emission reduction benefits of vegetation carbon sink, karst carbon sink or hydropower generation. As a result, there is a lack of uniformity in the evaluation methods of the carbon fixation and emission reduction effects of regional vegetation restoration and construction, making it difficult to promote the sustainable development of the basin ecosystem and the realization of carbon emission reduction goals. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a method and device for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration, so as to solve the problem of lack of uniformity in the evaluation methods for the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of regional vegetation restoration construction.

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration, the method comprising: Construct a water-carbon coupling model for terrestrial ecosystems in the watershed; Set the leaf area index and vegetation type in the target watershed, and build a watershed baseline scenario and watershed vegetation restoration plan based on the leaf area index and vegetation type; The water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem is used to calculate the carbon sequestration reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the watershed vegetation restoration plan; the carbon sequestration reduction caused by vegetation restoration includes the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration; The water-carbon coupling model of the basin's terrestrial ecosystem is used to calculate the baseline carbon sequestration reduction corresponding to the basin's baseline scenario; The carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the basin was evaluated based on the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration, and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation results were obtained.

[0006] The present embodiment provides a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration, which constructs a water-carbon coupling model of a watershed terrestrial ecosystem; sets the leaf area index and vegetation type in the target watershed, and constructs a watershed baseline scenario and a watershed vegetation restoration plan based on the leaf area index and vegetation type; uses the watershed terrestrial ecosystem water-carbon coupling model to calculate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the watershed vegetation restoration plan; wherein the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration includes the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration, and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration; uses the watershed terrestrial ecosystem water-carbon coupling model to calculate the benchmark carbon sequestration and emission reduction corresponding to the watershed baseline scenario plan amount; the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the basin was evaluated based on the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration, and the evaluation result of carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect was obtained; in the process of evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the basin, the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration were fully considered, and the benchmark carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount was used to provide a reference for the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the basin, thus achieving a comprehensive and reliable evaluation of the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the basin, providing scientific and technological support for the simulation, evaluation and regulation of water and carbon resources in the basin and the planning of vegetation construction, which is of great significance to the realization of the dual carbon goals.

[0007] In an optional implementation, the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem is used to calculate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the watershed vegetation restoration plan, including: The water cycle of the basin vegetation restoration program was simulated using the water-carbon coupling model of the basin's terrestrial ecosystem to obtain the basin's runoff, actual evapotranspiration, groundwater runoff, surface runoff and intersoil flow; Obtain the water level drop of the river section of the target basin, and determine the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration based on the basin runoff and the water level drop of the river section of the target basin; Obtain bicarbonate concentration in groundwater runoff and determine the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration based on groundwater runoff, surface runoff, soil flow and bicarbonate concentration; Based on water use efficiency and water carbon flux data, a statistical model including total primary productivity, ecosystem respiration, net ecosystem productivity and actual evapotranspiration of the watershed ecosystem was established; Based on actual evapotranspiration, a statistical model was used to determine the total amount of carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration; The carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration is calculated based on the total carbon emission reduction of hydropower, the total carbon sequestration of vegetation and the total carbon sequestration of karst.

[0008] The present embodiment provides a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration. The method uses a water-carbon coupling model of a watershed terrestrial ecosystem to simulate the water cycle of a watershed vegetation restoration plan, thereby accurately simulating the evaporation, infiltration and runoff processes of the watershed ecosystem. The total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration are determined by simulating the watershed runoff, thereby reflecting the coupling process of water and carbon. Furthermore, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration is calculated through a statistical model that includes the total primary productivity of the watershed ecosystem, ecosystem respiration and net ecosystem productivity and actual evapotranspiration, thereby realizing the calculation of the total amount of carbon sequestration caused by the vegetation itself. The water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem is used to realize accurate coupling simulation of water cycle elements and carbon cycle elements, thereby realizing accurate calculation of evaluation indicators for the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration, namely, the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration, thereby improving the accuracy of the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the total amount of carbon emission reduction of hydropower caused by vegetation restoration is determined based on the watershed runoff and the water level drop of the river section of the target watershed, including: Calculate the amount of power that can be generated in a river basin based on the water level difference in the river section and the runoff in the basin; The average emission factor of the power grid was obtained, and the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration was calculated based on the available power generation in the basin and the average emission factor of the power grid.

[0010] This embodiment provides a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration, which utilizes a water-carbon coupling model of a watershed terrestrial ecosystem to couple watershed runoff and hydropower carbon sinks, thereby achieving accurate calculation of the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, determining the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration based on groundwater runoff and bicarbonate concentration includes: Get the basin area, and calculate the basin runoff modulus based on surface runoff, subsoil flow, groundwater runoff and basin area; The total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration was calculated based on the basin runoff modulus and the bicarbonate concentration in groundwater runoff.

[0012] This embodiment provides a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of basin vegetation restoration. It utilizes the water-carbon coupling model of the basin's terrestrial ecosystem to couple surface runoff, intersoil flow and karst carbon sink, and then calculates the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration, thereby achieving accurate calculation of the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration.

[0013] In an optional implementation, the carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration is calculated based on the total carbon emission reduction of hydropower, the total carbon sequestration of vegetation and the total carbon sequestration of karst rock; wherein the calculation formula for the carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration is:

[0014] in, Indicates Carbon sequestration reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to each watershed vegetation restoration plan, represents the total amount of hydropower carbon reduction caused by vegetation restoration, represents the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration, represents the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration, Represents the watershed area.

[0015] In an optional implementation, the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration is evaluated based on the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration, and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation result is obtained, including: The difference between the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration is compared with the preset threshold, and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect assessment result is determined based on the comparison result.

[0016] This embodiment provides a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration. Taking a benchmark carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount as a benchmark, the method evaluates the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects achieved by the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration, thereby achieving an accurate assessment of the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration. It provides scientific and technological support for watershed water and carbon resource simulation, evaluation and regulation, and vegetation construction planning, and is of great significance to the realization of the dual carbon goals.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration, the device comprising: Building modules for constructing water-carbon coupling models for terrestrial ecosystems in watersheds; A setting module is used to set the leaf area index and vegetation type in the target watershed, and to construct a watershed baseline scenario and a watershed vegetation restoration plan based on the leaf area index and vegetation type; The first calculation module is used to calculate the carbon sequestration reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the basin vegetation restoration plan using the water-carbon coupling model of the basin terrestrial ecosystem; wherein the carbon sequestration reduction caused by vegetation restoration includes the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration; The second calculation module is used to calculate the baseline carbon sequestration reduction corresponding to the basin baseline scenario plan using the water-carbon coupling model of the basin terrestrial ecosystem; The evaluation module is used to evaluate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of basin vegetation restoration based on the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration, and obtain the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation result.

[0018] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer device comprising: a memory and a processor, the memory and the processor being communicatively connected to each other, the memory storing computer instructions, and the processor executing the method for evaluating the carbon fixation and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof by executing the computer instructions.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium having computer instructions stored thereon, the computer instructions being used to enable a computer to execute the method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof.

[0020] In a fifth aspect, the present invention provides a computer program product comprising computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment thereof. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a water-carbon coupling model for a watershed terrestrial ecosystem according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a flow chart of another method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of a device for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0024] In terms of the research on the carbon fixation and emission reduction effects of regional vegetation restoration and construction, the focus is mainly on the following three aspects. Vegetation carbon sink research: Vegetation absorbs carbon dioxide from the atmosphere through photosynthesis and fixes it in the plant body and soil, forming an important carbon sink. Karst carbon sink research: Karst carbon sink is one of the important carbon sink types on the earth. It mainly fixes carbon dioxide in the atmosphere and stores it in groundwater through karst action. Research on the emission reduction benefits of hydropower generation: As a clean energy, hydropower generation reduces the consumption of fossil fuels, thereby indirectly reducing carbon emissions. Through model simulation, remote sensing observation, experimental observation and other methods, many studies have been conducted on vegetation carbon sinks, karst carbon sinks and the emission reduction benefits of hydropower generation, and many results have been achieved.

[0025] Although there have been many studies on vegetation carbon sinks, karst carbon sinks and the emission reduction benefits of hydropower generation, there are still problems. Single research perspective: Most related studies directly consider the single aspect of vegetation construction on vegetation carbon sinks, karst carbon sinks or hydropower generation emission reduction benefits, and lack a comprehensive study on the overall evaluation of the effect of vegetation restoration on carbon sequestration and emission reduction in the basin. This single-perspective study is difficult to fully reflect the comprehensive impact of vegetation construction on the basin ecosystem. Lack of uniformity in evaluation methods: Due to the single research perspective, the evaluation methods also lack uniformity. Different studies often use different evaluation indicators and methods, making it difficult to directly compare and comprehensively analyze the results. Therefore, it is particularly important to propose a unified evaluation method that can comprehensively evaluate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of vegetation restoration in the basin. Technical limitations: In the evaluation of karst carbon sinks and hydropower generation emission reduction benefits, related technologies still have certain limitations. For example, the monitoring and evaluation methods of karst carbon sinks are still imperfect, and it is difficult to accurately quantify the contribution of karst action to carbon sinks.

[0026] In summary, some progress has been made in the research on the effects of regional vegetation construction on watershed carbon sinks and hydropower emission reduction, but there are still problems such as single research perspective, lack of uniformity in evaluation methods, and technical limitations. Therefore, it is urgent to propose a unified evaluation method that can comprehensively evaluate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration, so as to promote the sustainable development of watershed ecosystems and the realization of carbon emission reduction goals.

[0027] An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration. Since regional vegetation construction directly affects the watershed vegetation carbon sink, and also indirectly affects the karst carbon sink and hydropower generation by changing the watershed runoff, thereby affecting the clean energy emission reduction benefits, related studies mostly directly consider the single aspect of the emission reduction benefits of vegetation construction affecting vegetation carbon sink, karst carbon sink or hydropower generation, and there is no unified research that comprehensively considers the emission reduction benefits of vegetation carbon sink, karst carbon sink or hydropower generation. The embodiment of the present invention comprehensively and reliably evaluates the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation construction, provides scientific and technological support for watershed water and carbon resource simulation, evaluation and regulation and vegetation construction planning, which is of great significance to the realization of the dual carbon goals.

[0028] The embodiment of the present invention provides a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration. It should be noted that the method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be executed by a device for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration. The device for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration may be implemented as part or all of an electronic device through software, hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, wherein the electronic device may be a server or a terminal, wherein the server in the embodiment of the present application may be a single server or a server cluster composed of multiple servers, and the terminal in the embodiment of the present application may be a smart phone, a personal computer, a tablet computer, a wearable device, an intelligent robot, or other intelligent hardware devices. In the following method embodiments, the execution subject is an electronic device as an example for explanation.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an embodiment of a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration is provided. It should be noted that the steps shown in the flowchart of the accompanying drawings can be executed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and although a logical order is shown in the flowchart, in some cases, the steps shown or described may be executed in an order different from that shown here.

[0030] In this embodiment, a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration is provided, which can be used for the above-mentioned electronic device. Figure 1 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S101, constructing a water-carbon coupling model for a watershed terrestrial ecosystem.

[0031] Specifically, Figure 2As shown in the figure, the water-carbon coupling model of the terrestrial ecosystem in the basin includes two core modules: water cycle and carbon cycle. It adopts a combination of distributed and lumped methods to input rasterized remote sensing, vegetation, hydrology, soil and other data into the model, and uses the hydrological response unit as the basic calculation unit to simulate water and carbon cycle elements including surface runoff (RS), soil flow (RI), groundrunoff (RG), evapotranspiration (ET), ecosystem gross primary productivity (GPP), ecosystem respiration (RE) and net ecosystem productivity (NEP).

[0032] Furthermore, the water-carbon coupling model of the terrestrial ecosystem in the basin can adopt WaSSI (Water Supply Stress Index model, water supply and demand calculation model), DTVGM-CASACNP (ecological and hydrological bidirectional coupling model), CHANGE (change model), RHESSys (regional hydrological and ecological simulation system), CEVSA model (carbon exchange between vegetation, soil and atmosphere model, which is a biogeochemical model that simulates the carbon exchange between vegetation, soil and atmosphere based on plant photosynthesis and respiration and soil microbial activity), BEPS model (boreal ecosystem productivity simulator, a computer simulation system for simulating the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems), IBIS model (Input / Output Buffer Information Specification, a method for fast and accurate modeling of I / O BUFFER based on V / I curve), CASA (Carnegie-Ames-Stanford approach, a process-based remote sensing model), VIP model (vegetation interface process model), etc.; among them, the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem can adopt WaSSI, which integrates the potential evapotranspiration model, snowmelt model and Sacramento model, and fully considers key water and carbon elements such as terrain undulation, soil moisture, vegetation status and water partitioning, and has achieved good application results.

[0033] Furthermore, if Figure 2As shown in Figure 1, a water-carbon coupling model of the terrestrial ecosystem in the basin is constructed: the model input data mainly include DEM (Digital Elevation Model), meteorological data (precipitation, temperature, etc.), leaf area index, soil type, vegetation type data, etc.; the model verification data mainly include runoff data and evapotranspiration data and total net primary productivity data of the main hydrological stations in the mainstream of the basin; the original water-carbon coupling model of the terrestrial ecosystem in the basin is a lumped empirical model, which uses grid unit input data and divides multiple grid units according to the basin and its boundary area, such as , and use different software and processing methods to process basic data such as monthly meteorological data, watershed information, soil properties, land use type, impervious area and leaf area index to each grid unit, and finally process it into data required by the model input data format; among them, in order to transmit various information at the grid scale to the watershed scale, the grid data of each watershed is averaged to obtain various data results at the watershed scale; finally, the model parameters are calibrated and verified to obtain a simulation model with better simulation effect, and the basin runoff is obtained by simulating the calibrated model.

[0034] Furthermore, the basic basin data required for modeling mainly include: meteorological data, basin information, soil properties, land use type, impervious area and leaf area index, etc. The grid with spatial resolution is used as the calculation unit of the water-carbon cycle process. On this basis, a watershed water-carbon coupling model is constructed, and the runoff of key hydrological stations in the basin is selected as the objective function. The model parameters are calibrated using optimization algorithms such as PEST. PEST (Parameter ESTimation software) is a comprehensive software for uncertainty analysis and parameter estimation that is independent of the model. No modification of the model itself is required. PEST minimizes the difference between the model output and the corresponding measured value by repeatedly adjusting the model parameters. The PEST model is a nonlinear optimization method between the Newton method and the gradient descent method. It has the fast convergence of the Gauss-Newton method and the global search of the gradient descent method. It can make the objective function converge quickly and effectively. The number of model runs when optimizing parameters is less than that of other algorithms. The core of the PEST algorithm is to solve the minimum value of the objective function. The objective equation is a weighted least squares difference function based on the calculated value of a certain output variable of the model parameter and the actual observed value.

[0035] Furthermore, the verification of the model through measured data is a key and necessary step in using the model to study the water and carbon cycle processes. ET , GPP The simulation effect of the runoff process was evaluated by using the relative error , correlation coefficient , deterministic efficiency coefficient and Kling-Gupta efficiency coefficient Carry out quantitative calculation, the calculation formula is as follows: (1) (2) (3) (4) In the above formula, is the number of fitting data, For the A simulation value, For the Measured values, for The average of the simulated values, for The average of the measured values, is the correlation coefficient between the simulated value and the measured value, is the standard deviation of the simulated values, is the standard deviation of the observations.

[0036] Step S102, setting the leaf area index and vegetation type in the target watershed, and constructing a watershed baseline scenario plan and a watershed vegetation restoration plan based on the leaf area index and vegetation type.

[0037] Specifically, before simulating the water cycle, the water-carbon coupling model of the terrestrial ecosystem in the basin needs to calculate the reference evapotranspiration based on the input data using the FAO Penman-Monteith (potential evapotranspiration in high latitudes) formula Based on the intrinsic relationship between reference evapotranspiration and meteorology (precipitation, temperature, radiation, humidity, etc.) and vegetation characteristics (leaf area index), the vegetation evapotranspiration potential of 10 different land use types in the basin, including farmland, deciduous forest, evergreen forest, mixed forest, grassland, shrub, wetland, town, bare land and water area, without considering the soil moisture condition, is estimated. The calculation formula of vegetation evapotranspiration potential is as follows: (5) in, represents the evapotranspiration potential considering the role of vegetation, that is, the vegetation evapotranspiration potential, is the precipitation, is the potential evapotranspiration, is the monthly average leaf area index; - is an empirical parameter.

[0038] Furthermore, from the above formula (5), it can be seen that the vegetation in the target watershed is measured by the regional leaf area index and vegetation type. The leaf area index and vegetation type are used as inputs of the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem. By setting different leaf area indices and vegetation types while keeping other model inputs unchanged, scenario simulation is performed through the watershed terrestrial ecosystem water-carbon coupling model. For example, the watershed baseline scenario is leaf area index and vegetation type , different watershed vegetation restoration schemes are leaf area index and vegetation type , that is, setting the current status baseline scenario and different vegetation construction schemes ( is 1, 2, 3...).

[0039] Step S103, using the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem, calculates the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the watershed vegetation restoration plan; wherein the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration includes the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration.

[0040] Step S104, using the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem, calculates the baseline carbon sequestration reduction corresponding to the watershed baseline scenario.

[0041] Specifically, the calculation method of the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction is the same as the calculation method of the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration. Both use the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem to perform simulation calculations to obtain the corresponding carbon sequestration and emission reduction.

[0042] Step S105, evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the watershed based on the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration, and obtaining a carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation result.

[0043] Specifically, the difference between the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration is compared with a preset threshold, and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation result is determined based on the comparison result.

[0044] Furthermore, assuming that the preset threshold is 0, when the difference between the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration is greater than 0, it means that the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect has become stronger; when the difference between the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration is less than 0, it means that the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect has become weaker and the scale of vegetation in the basin needs to be increased.

[0045] The present embodiment provides a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration, which constructs a water-carbon coupling model of a watershed terrestrial ecosystem; sets the leaf area index and vegetation type in the target watershed, and constructs a watershed baseline scenario and a watershed vegetation restoration plan based on the leaf area index and vegetation type; uses the watershed terrestrial ecosystem water-carbon coupling model to calculate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the watershed vegetation restoration plan; wherein the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration includes the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration, and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration; uses the watershed terrestrial ecosystem water-carbon coupling model to calculate the benchmark carbon sequestration and emission reduction corresponding to the watershed baseline scenario plan amount; the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the basin was evaluated based on the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration, and the evaluation result of carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect was obtained; in the process of evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the basin, the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration were fully considered, and the benchmark carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount was used to provide a reference for the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the basin, thus achieving a comprehensive and reliable evaluation of the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the basin, providing scientific and technological support for the simulation, evaluation and regulation of water and carbon resources in the basin and the planning of vegetation construction, which is of great significance to the realization of the dual carbon goals.

[0046] In this embodiment, a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration is provided, which can be used for the above-mentioned electronic device. Figure 3 is a flow chart of a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 As shown, the process includes the following steps: Step S301: construct a water-carbon coupling model for the terrestrial ecosystem in the watershed. Figure 1 Step S101 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0047] Step S302: Set the leaf area index and vegetation type in the target watershed, and build a watershed baseline scenario and a watershed vegetation restoration plan based on the leaf area index and vegetation type. Figure 1 Step S102 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0048] Step S303, using the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem, calculates the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the watershed vegetation restoration plan; wherein the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration includes the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration.

[0049] Specifically, the above step S303 includes: Step S3031, using the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem to simulate the water cycle of the watershed vegetation restoration plan, to obtain the watershed runoff, actual evapotranspiration, groundwater runoff, surface runoff and subsoil flow.

[0050] Specifically, the original WasSI model calculates potential evapotranspiration through the Hamon formula, which only considers the impact of atmospheric temperature and maximum sunshine hours on regional evapotranspiration, ignores other meteorological factors, and has great uncertainty; however, relevant studies have shown that solar radiation, temperature, wind speed, air pressure, relative humidity, etc. are key climate parameters in the calculation of potential evapotranspiration, and temperature, wind speed and solar radiation have significant effects on regional potential evapotranspiration; therefore, the FAOPenman-Monteith formula is used instead of the Hamon formula to estimate the potential evapotranspiration of the basin. The calculation formula for potential evapotranspiration is as follows: (6) In the formula, is the potential evapotranspiration (mm·d -1 ), is the average daily temperature at a height of 2m (℃), is the soil heat flux (MJ·m -2 ·d -1 ), is the wind speed at a height of 2 m (m·s -1 ), is the saturated water vapor pressure (kPa), is the actual water vapor pressure (kPa), is the slope of the saturated water vapor pressure curve (kPa·℃ -1 ), is the psychrometric constant (kPa·℃ -1 ), is the net radiation of the surface (MJ·m -2 ·d -1 ).

[0051] Furthermore, water cycle simulation is the calculation basis of the carbon cycle module. Water cycle simulation is mainly used to simulate the evaporation, infiltration and runoff processes of the watershed ecosystem, including the evaporation calculation process, soil moisture and infiltration calculation process, runoff calculation process, etc.; the carbon cycle module reflects the coupling process of water and carbon. This module is based on the water and carbon fluxes measured by the global flux network, and uses methods such as empirical linear regression models to construct relationships, aiming to simulate the carbon gain and loss process in the watershed.

[0052] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the Sacramento Soil Moisture Accounting model (SAC model) is used to simulate the water cycle process of the basin, which can simulate the main hydrological parameters such as actual evapotranspiration, surface runoff, soil flow and groundwater runoff; among them, considering the influence of soil moisture on evapotranspiration, The value is used as the evaporation potential input parameter of the SAC model; the actual evapotranspiration in the carbon cycle module comes from the bound water in the upper soil layer and the lower layer; at the same time, the soil parameters required for the SAC model can be estimated using soil texture data; among them, the SAC model is a deterministic model of continuous operation with lumped parameters, and is a standard soil moisture calculation model; the SAC model is based on the storage, infiltration, migration and evapotranspiration characteristics of soil moisture, and uses a series of mathematical expressions with certain physical concepts to describe the various processes of runoff formation. The state variables in the model represent a relatively independent characteristic in the hydrological cycle, and the model parameters have clear physical meanings and can be deduced based on basin characteristics, rainfall and flow data.

[0053] Furthermore, the water cycle simulation was carried out using the water-carbon coupling model of the basin's terrestrial ecosystem to simulate the basin's runoff process and calculate the basin's runoff under the basin's baseline scenario and basin's vegetation restoration scenario. and ( is 1, 2, 3...), the unit is cubic meter ( ), where the basin runoff includes groundwater runoff, surface runoff and soil flow, and the actual evapotranspiration is determined based on the bound water in the upper and lower soil layers.

[0054] Step S3032, obtaining the water level difference of the river section in the target watershed, and determining the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration based on the watershed runoff and the water level difference of the river section in the target watershed.

[0055] In some optional implementations, the above step S3032 includes: Step a1, calculate the amount of power that can be generated in the basin based on the water level difference in the river section and the basin runoff.

[0056] Specifically, the calculation formula for the amount of electricity that can be generated in a river basin is as follows: (7) in, It represents the theoretical reserves of water resources in the basin, that is, the amount of electricity that can be generated in the basin, in kilowatt-hours ( ), It indicates the height of the water level drop in the river section, in meters (m). Represents the watershed runoff.

[0057] Step a2, obtaining the average emission factor of the power grid, and calculating the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration based on the available power generation in the basin and the average emission factor of the power grid.

[0058] Specifically, the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem is used to couple the watershed runoff and hydropower carbon sink. The calculation formula for the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration is as follows: (8) in, is the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration, in , 0.001 is the unit conversion factor, is the average emission factor of the power grid, in units of , .

[0059] Step S3033, obtaining the bicarbonate concentration in the groundwater runoff, and determining the total amount of karst carbon fixation caused by vegetation restoration based on the groundwater runoff, surface runoff, soil flow and bicarbonate concentration.

[0060] Step b1, obtaining the watershed area, and calculating the watershed runoff modulus based on surface runoff, subsoil flow, groundwater runoff and watershed area.

[0061] Specifically, the water-carbon coupling model of the terrestrial ecosystem in the watershed is used to obtain the groundwater runoff RGa under different vegetation restoration scales in the target watershed. Based on this, the watershed runoff modulus MRa is calculated to provide parameters for the karst carbon sink calculation. The calculation formula of the watershed runoff modulus is as follows: (9) in, is the basin runoff modulus, in units of , Indicates the drainage area in units of .

[0062] Step b2, calculating the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration based on the basin runoff modulus and the bicarbonate concentration in groundwater runoff.

[0063] Specifically, rock weathering is mainly the weathering and dissolution of carbonate rocks with the participation of carbonic acid. The weathering process equation is as follows: (10) (11) in, represents bicarbonate, represents calcium carbonate, represents carbon dioxide, It means water. represents calcium ion, represents calcium magnesium carbonate, Represents magnesium ion.

[0064] Furthermore, from the above formula, we can know that the carbon dioxide generated by dissolution of carbonate rocks is Only half comes from the atmosphere. , through groundwater runoff The concentration of atmospheric CO2 generated by carbonate karstification in the basin is calculated by combining the groundwater runoff data. The calculation formula is as follows: (12) in, Indicates the karst carbon sink intensity (unit: ), which is the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration. 1 / 2 means that half of the carbon in groundwater runoff comes from the atmosphere. Indicates runoff water Mass concentration (unit: ), for The relative molecular mass is 44, for The relative molecular mass is 100, and 0.031536 is the unit conversion coefficient.

[0065] Furthermore, the surface runoff, intersoil flow and karst carbon sink were coupled using the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem.

[0066] Step S3034, based on the water use efficiency and water carbon flux data, a statistical model including the total primary productivity of the watershed ecosystem, ecosystem respiration, net ecosystem productivity and actual evapotranspiration is established.

[0067] Specifically, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, the water cycle module in the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem is used to input the actual evapotranspiration obtained by water cycle simulation into the carbon cycle model to obtain the total primary productivity and ecosystem respiration of the watershed ecosystem. Then, based on the water use efficiency theory and the water-carbon flux data of the global flux network, the total primary productivity of the watershed ecosystem ( ), ecosystem respiration ( ), net ecosystem productivity ( ) and actual evapotranspiration ( ) and simulated using the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem (unit: mm), the terrestrial ecosystem of the basin is calculated , and , whose unit is .

[0068] Step S3035, based on the actual evapotranspiration, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration is determined using a statistical model.

[0069] Specifically, the total primary productivity of the watershed ecosystem The calculation formula is as follows: (13) in, represents empirical parameters derived from water-carbon flux data.

[0070] Furthermore, the ecosystem respiration of the watershed ecosystem was calculated based on the total primary productivity. The calculation formula is as follows: (14) in, and represents empirical parameters derived from water-carbon flux data.

[0071] Furthermore, the total amount of carbon sequestration by vegetation caused by vegetation restoration was calculated based on gross primary productivity and ecosystem respiration. The net ecosystem productivity (i.e., the total amount of carbon sequestration by vegetation caused by vegetation restoration) The calculation formula is as follows: (15) Step S3036, calculating the carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration based on the total carbon emission reduction of hydropower, the total carbon sequestration of vegetation and the total carbon sequestration of karst.

[0072] Specifically, the calculation formula for carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration is: (16) in, Indicates Carbon sequestration reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the vegetation restoration scheme in each watershed (Unit ), represents the total amount of hydropower carbon reduction caused by vegetation restoration, represents the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration, represents the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration, It represents the drainage area, and 11 / 3 is the unit conversion factor.

[0073] Step S304, using the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem, calculates the baseline carbon sequestration reduction corresponding to the watershed baseline scenario.

[0074] Specifically, when When it is 0, the above steps S3031 to S3036 are used to calculate the baseline carbon sequestration reduction.

[0075] Step S305: Evaluate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the watershed based on the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration to obtain the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation result. Figure 1 Step S105 of the illustrated embodiment will not be described in detail here.

[0076] The present embodiment provides a method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration. The method uses a water-carbon coupling model of a watershed terrestrial ecosystem to simulate the water cycle of a watershed vegetation restoration plan, thereby accurately simulating the evaporation, infiltration and runoff processes of the watershed ecosystem. The total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration are determined by simulating the watershed runoff, thereby reflecting the coupling process of water and carbon. Furthermore, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration is calculated through a statistical model that includes the total primary productivity of the watershed ecosystem, ecosystem respiration and net ecosystem productivity and actual evapotranspiration, thereby realizing the calculation of the total amount of carbon sequestration caused by the vegetation itself. The water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem is used to realize accurate coupling simulation of water cycle elements and carbon cycle elements, thereby realizing accurate calculation of evaluation indicators for the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration, namely, the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration, thereby improving the accuracy of the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration.

[0077] In this embodiment, a device for evaluating the carbon fixation and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration is also provided, which is used to implement the above-mentioned embodiments and preferred implementation modes, and will not be repeated hereafter. As used below, the term "module" can implement a combination of software and / or hardware of a predetermined function. Although the devices described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, the implementation of hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and conceivable.

[0078] This embodiment provides a device for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration. Figure 4 As shown, including: Construction module 401 is used to construct a water-carbon coupling model of a watershed terrestrial ecosystem; A setting module 402 is used to set the leaf area index and vegetation type in the target watershed, and to construct a watershed baseline scenario plan and a watershed vegetation restoration plan based on the leaf area index and vegetation type; The first calculation module 403 is used to calculate the carbon sequestration reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the basin vegetation restoration plan using the water-carbon coupling model of the basin terrestrial ecosystem; wherein the carbon sequestration reduction caused by vegetation restoration includes the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration; The second calculation module 404 is used to calculate the baseline carbon sequestration reduction corresponding to the basin baseline scenario scheme using the water-carbon coupling model of the basin terrestrial ecosystem; The evaluation module 405 is used to evaluate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of basin vegetation restoration based on the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration, and obtain the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation result.

[0079] In some optional implementations, the first calculation module 403 includes: The simulation unit is used to simulate the water cycle of the basin vegetation restoration plan using the water-carbon coupling model of the basin terrestrial ecosystem, and obtain the basin runoff, actual evapotranspiration, groundwater runoff, surface runoff and soil flow; The first determination unit is used to obtain the water level difference of the river section of the target watershed, and determine the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration based on the watershed runoff and the water level difference of the river section of the target watershed; The second determination unit is used to obtain the bicarbonate concentration in the groundwater runoff, and determine the total amount of karst carbon fixation caused by vegetation restoration based on the groundwater runoff, surface runoff, soil flow and bicarbonate concentration; Establish a unit for building a statistical model that includes total primary productivity, ecosystem respiration, and net ecosystem productivity and actual evapotranspiration in the watershed based on water use efficiency and water carbon flux data; A third determination unit is used to determine the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration using a statistical model based on actual evapotranspiration; A calculation unit is used to calculate the carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration based on the total carbon emission reduction of hydropower, the total carbon sequestration of vegetation and the total carbon sequestration of karst.

[0080] In some optional implementations, the first determining unit includes: The first calculation subunit is used to calculate the amount of electricity that can be generated in the basin based on the water level difference of the river section and the runoff of the basin; The second calculation subunit is used to obtain the average emission factor of the power grid and calculate the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration based on the available power generation in the basin and the average emission factor of the power grid.

[0081] In some optional implementations, the second determining unit includes: The third calculation subunit is used to obtain the basin area and calculate the basin runoff modulus based on the surface runoff, subsoil flow, groundwater runoff and the basin area; The fourth calculation subunit is used to calculate the total amount of karst carbon fixation caused by vegetation restoration based on the basin runoff modulus and the bicarbonate concentration in the groundwater runoff.

[0082] In some optional implementations, the calculation formula for the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration in the calculation unit is:

[0083] in, Indicates Carbon sequestration reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to each watershed vegetation restoration plan, represents the total amount of hydropower carbon reduction caused by vegetation restoration, represents the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration, represents the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration, Represents the watershed area.

[0084] In some optional embodiments, the evaluation module 405 is specifically used to compare the difference between the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration with a preset threshold, and determine the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation result based on the comparison result.

[0085] The further functional description of each of the above modules and units is the same as that of the above corresponding embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0086] In this embodiment, a device for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration is presented in the form of a functional unit, where the unit refers to an ASIC (Application Specific Integrated Circuit) circuit, a processor and memory that executes one or more software or fixed programs, and / or other devices that can provide the above-mentioned functions.

[0087] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer device having the above Figure 4 A device for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration is shown.

[0088] See also Figure 5 , Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided by an optional embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 5 As shown, the computer device includes: one or more processors 10, a memory 20, and interfaces for connecting various components, including high-speed interfaces and low-speed interfaces. Various components are connected to each other using different buses for communication, and can be installed on a common mainboard or installed in other ways as needed. The processor can process instructions executed in the computer device, including instructions stored in or on the memory to display the graphical information of the GUI on an external input / output device (such as a display device coupled to the interface). In some optional embodiments, if necessary, multiple processors and / or multiple buses can be used together with multiple memories. Similarly, multiple computer devices can be connected, and each device provides some necessary operations (for example, as a server array, a group of blade servers, or a multi-processor system). Figure 5 A processor 10 is taken as an example.

[0089] The processor 10 may be a central processing unit, a network processor or a combination thereof. The processor 10 may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be a dedicated integrated circuit, a programmable logic device or a combination thereof. The programmable logic device may be a complex programmable logic device, a field programmable gate array, a general purpose array logic or any combination thereof.

[0090] The memory 20 stores instructions executable by at least one processor 10, so that the at least one processor 10 executes the method shown in the above embodiment.

[0091] The memory 20 may include a program storage area and a data storage area, wherein the program storage area may store an operating system, an application required for at least one function; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the computer device, etc. In addition, the memory 20 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may also include a non-transient memory, such as at least one disk storage device, a flash memory device, or other non-transient solid-state storage device. In some optional embodiments, the memory 20 may optionally include a memory remotely arranged relative to the processor 10, and these remote memories may be connected to the computer device via a network. Examples of the above-mentioned network include, but are not limited to, the Internet, an intranet, a local area network, a mobile communication network, and combinations thereof.

[0092] The memory 20 may include a volatile memory, such as a random access memory; the memory may also include a non-volatile memory, such as a flash memory, a hard disk or a solid state drive; the memory 20 may also include a combination of the above types of memory.

[0093] The computer device also includes an input device 30 and an output device 40. The processor 10, the memory 20, the input device 30 and the output device 40 may be connected via a bus or other means. Figure 5 The example of connecting through bus is taken in the following.

[0094] The input device 30 can receive input digital or character information, and generate key signal input related to the user settings and function control of the computer device, such as a touch screen, a keypad, a mouse, a track pad, a touch pad, an indicator bar, one or more mouse buttons, a trackball, a joystick, etc. The output device 40 may include a display device, an auxiliary lighting device (e.g., an LED) and a tactile feedback device (e.g., a vibration motor), etc. The above-mentioned display device includes but is not limited to a liquid crystal display, a light emitting diode, a display and a plasma display. In some optional embodiments, the display device may be a touch screen.

[0095] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium. The method according to the embodiment of the present invention can be implemented in hardware, firmware, or can be implemented as a computer code that can be recorded in a storage medium, or can be implemented as a computer code that is originally stored in a remote storage medium or a non-temporary machine-readable storage medium and will be stored in a local storage medium through a network download, so that the method described herein can be stored in such software processing on a storage medium using a general-purpose computer, a dedicated processor, or programmable or dedicated hardware. Among them, the storage medium can be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only storage memory, a random access memory, a flash memory, a hard disk or a solid-state hard disk, etc.; further, the storage medium can also include a combination of the above types of memories. It can be understood that a computer, a processor, a microprocessor controller, or programmable hardware includes a storage component that can store or receive software or computer code. When the software or computer code is accessed and executed by a computer, a processor, or hardware, the method shown in the above embodiment is implemented.

[0096] A part of the present invention may be applied as a computer program product, such as a computer program instruction, which, when executed by a computer, can call or provide the method and / or technical solution according to the present invention through the operation of the computer. Those skilled in the art should understand that the existence of the computer program instruction in a computer-readable medium includes, but is not limited to, a source file, an executable file, an installation package file, etc., and accordingly, the way in which the computer program instruction is executed by the computer includes, but is not limited to: the computer directly executes the instruction, or the computer compiles the instruction and then executes the corresponding compiled program, or the computer reads and executes the instruction, or the computer reads and installs the instruction and then executes the corresponding installed program. Here, the computer-readable medium may be any available computer-readable storage medium or communication medium accessible to the computer.

[0097] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and such modifications and variations are all within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration, characterized in that: The method comprises: Construct a water-carbon coupling model for terrestrial ecosystems in the watershed; Setting the leaf area index and vegetation type in the target watershed, and constructing a watershed baseline scenario plan and a watershed vegetation restoration plan based on the leaf area index and vegetation type; The water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem is used to calculate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the watershed vegetation restoration plan; wherein the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration includes the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration; Calculate the baseline carbon sequestration reduction corresponding to the baseline scenario of the basin using the water-carbon coupling model of the terrestrial ecosystem of the basin; The carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of vegetation restoration in the watershed is evaluated based on the benchmark carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration to obtain a carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation result.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method of calculating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the watershed vegetation restoration plan using the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem includes: The water cycle of the watershed vegetation restoration scheme is simulated using the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem to obtain the watershed runoff, actual evapotranspiration, groundwater runoff, surface runoff and intersoil flow; Obtaining the water level difference of a river section in a target watershed, and determining the total amount of carbon emission reduction of hydropower caused by the vegetation restoration based on the watershed runoff and the water level difference of a river section in the target watershed; Obtaining the bicarbonate concentration in the groundwater runoff, and determining the total amount of karst carbon fixation caused by the vegetation restoration based on the groundwater runoff, surface runoff, soil flow and the bicarbonate concentration; Based on water use efficiency and water carbon flux data, a statistical model including total primary productivity, ecosystem respiration, net ecosystem productivity and actual evapotranspiration of the watershed ecosystem was established; Based on the actual evapotranspiration, determining the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration caused by the vegetation restoration using the statistical model; The carbon emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration is calculated based on the total hydropower carbon emission reduction amount, the total vegetation carbon fixation amount and the total karst carbon fixation amount.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The determining of the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration based on the runoff of the watershed and the water level drop of the river section of the target watershed includes: Calculate the amount of electricity that can be generated in the basin based on the water level difference of the river section and the runoff of the basin; The average emission factor of the power grid is obtained, and the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration is calculated based on the power generation capacity of the river basin and the average emission factor of the power grid.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The determining the total amount of karst carbon fixation caused by the vegetation restoration based on the groundwater runoff, surface runoff, soil flow and the bicarbonate concentration includes: Acquire a watershed area, and calculate a watershed runoff modulus based on the surface runoff, the subsoil flow, the groundwater runoff, and the watershed area; The total amount of karst carbon fixation caused by the vegetation restoration is calculated based on the basin runoff modulus and the bicarbonate concentration in the groundwater runoff.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration is calculated based on the total amount of hydropower carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon fixation and the total amount of karst carbon fixation; wherein the calculation formula for the carbon emission reduction caused by vegetation restoration is: in, Indicates Carbon sequestration reduction caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to each watershed vegetation restoration plan, represents the total amount of hydropower carbon reduction caused by vegetation restoration, represents the total amount of karst carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration, represents the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration caused by vegetation restoration, Represents the watershed area.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of basin vegetation restoration is evaluated based on the benchmark carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration to obtain a carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation result, including: The difference between the baseline carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration is compared with a preset threshold, and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation result is determined based on the comparison result.

7. A device for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration, characterized in that: The device comprises: Building modules for constructing water-carbon coupling models for terrestrial ecosystems in watersheds; A setting module, used to set the leaf area index and vegetation type in the target watershed, and to construct a watershed baseline scenario plan and a watershed vegetation restoration plan based on the leaf area index and vegetation type; The first calculation module is used to calculate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration corresponding to the vegetation restoration plan of the watershed by using the water-carbon coupling model of the watershed terrestrial ecosystem; wherein the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration includes the total amount of water energy carbon emission reduction, the total amount of vegetation carbon sequestration and the total amount of karst carbon sequestration; The second calculation module is used to calculate the baseline carbon sequestration reduction corresponding to the baseline scenario of the basin by using the water-carbon coupling model of the terrestrial ecosystem of the basin; An evaluation module is used to evaluate the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect of basin vegetation restoration based on the benchmark carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount and the carbon sequestration and emission reduction amount caused by vegetation restoration, so as to obtain a carbon sequestration and emission reduction effect evaluation result.

8. A computer device, characterized in that: include: A memory and a processor, wherein the memory and the processor are communicatively connected to each other, the memory stores computer instructions, and the processor executes the method for evaluating the carbon fixation and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration according to any one of claims 1 to 6 by executing the computer instructions.

9. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores computer instructions for causing a computer to execute the method for evaluating the carbon sequestration and emission reduction effects of watershed vegetation restoration according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

10. A computer program product, characterized in that It comprises computer instructions, which are used to enable a computer to execute the method for evaluating the carbon fixation and emission reduction effect of watershed vegetation restoration according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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