Ecological restoration method for mine slope

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mine restoration, in particular to an ecological restoration method for a mine slope. Slope surface dangerous rocks and sundries of the mine side slope are cleaned, and the cleaned side slope is obtained; spraying and seeding a planting matrix on the cleaned side slope; the planting substrate comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of a water-retaining agent, 15-20 parts of plant straws, 5-10 parts of coconut shells, 5-10 parts of peanut meal, 10-20 parts of a decomposed organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of a microbial agent, 10-20 parts of rural soil, 10-20 parts of diatomite and 5-10 parts of vermiculite; the microbial agent contains bacillus licheniformis, bacillus flexus, bacillus marinus and bacillus coagulans; plant seeds are sowed on the planting substrate. By adopting the method for repairing the side slope, heavy metal in soil can be removed, the side slope can be greened, and the side slope is gradually covered year by year.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine restoration, and in particular to an ecological restoration method for a mine slope. Background Art

[0002] When the resources of stone or metal mines are exhausted, the abandoned stones or associated stones are often backfilled into the mining area. If no measures are taken to deal with them, it is not only not conducive to the restoration of the landscape environment, but also the main cause of mudslides under the action of long-term weathering and rain impact, which poses a serious safety hazard. In recent years, during the mining process, a large amount of land has become abandoned due to the loss of its utilization value, such as open-pit mines, waste rock dumps, tailings ponds, and subsidence areas. Under natural conditions, it takes about hundreds of years for abandoned mines to restore their habitats through natural succession. Therefore, it is particularly necessary to restore the ecological environment of abandoned mines through artificial intervention.

[0003] Mine slope is one of the important components of a mine. It usually refers to the inclined surface around an open-pit mine, including the total slope composed of many steps where mining work has ended. Mine slope is an extreme ecological environment that does not have the basic structure and fertility of normal soil. Soil organisms are almost non-existent, and there are basically no viable plant propagules. The natural settlement of plants and the original succession of the ecosystem are extremely slow. In addition, mine slopes have problems such as complex terrain, more rocks and less soil, large land area, and difficult ecological restoration.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an ecological restoration method for mine slopes that can both green the mine slopes and repair the heavy metal-contaminated soil in mines. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an ecological restoration method for mine slopes. The ecological restoration method provided by the present invention can not only green the mine slopes, but also repair the heavy metal contaminated soil in the mine.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention provides an ecological restoration method for a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0008] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0009] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1);

[0010] The planting matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0011] 3-8 parts of water retaining agent, 15-20 parts of plant straw, 5-10 parts of coconut shell, 5-10 parts of peanut meal, 10-20 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of microbial agent, 10-20 parts of garden soil, 10-20 parts of diatomaceous earth and 5-10 parts of vermiculite;

[0012] The microbial inoculant contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans;

[0013] 3) sowing plant seeds on the planting substrate in step 2).

[0014] Preferably, the thickness of the planting substrate in step 2) is 30 to 40 cm.

[0015] Preferably, the content of Bacillus licheniformis in the microbial agent in step 2) is 1 to 2×10 10 CFU / g;

[0016] The bacterial content of Bacillus flexus in the microbial agent is 1.5 to 2.5×10 11 CFU / g;

[0017] The content of marine bacillus in the microbial agent is 0.5-1.5×10 11 CFU / g;

[0018] The bacterial content of Bacillus coagulans in the microbial agent is 2 to 4×10 12 CFU / g.

[0019] Preferably, the water retaining agent in step 2) comprises polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate; the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate is 1-3:1-3:1-3.

[0020] Preferably, the plant straw in step 2) includes corn straw and wheat straw, and the mass ratio of the corn straw to the wheat straw is 2-4:1-2.

[0021] Preferably, the decomposed organic fertilizer in step 2) comprises naturally decomposed cow dung or naturally decomposed sheep dung.

[0022] Preferably, the plants in step 3) include one or more of Phytolacca americana, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Morning Glory, Pteris cretica, Wisteria sinensis, Pteris cretica, Orchidaceae and Honeysuckle.

[0023] Preferably, the sowing amount of plant seeds in step 3) is 2-4 kg / mu.

[0024] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0025] The method provided by the present invention is used to repair the slope, which can not only remove heavy metals in the soil, but also green the slope and gradually cover the slope year by year. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present invention provides an ecological restoration method for a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0027] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0028] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1);

[0029] The planting matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight:

[0030] 3-8 parts of water retaining agent, 15-20 parts of plant straw, 5-10 parts of coconut shell, 5-10 parts of peanut meal, 10-20 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of microbial agent, 10-20 parts of garden soil, 10-20 parts of diatomaceous earth and 5-10 parts of vermiculite;

[0031] The microbial inoculant contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans;

[0032] 3) sowing plant seeds on the planting substrate in step 2).

[0033] The invention cleans the dangerous rocks and debris on the slope surface of the mine slope to obtain a cleaned slope.

[0034] The invention sprays a planting matrix on the obtained cleaned slope; the planting matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of water retaining agent, 15-20 parts of plant straw, 5-10 parts of coconut shell, 5-10 parts of peanut meal, 10-20 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of microbial agent, 10-20 parts of garden soil, 10-20 parts of diatomaceous earth and 5-10 parts of vermiculite; the microbial agent contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans.

[0035] In the present invention, the water retaining agent preferably includes polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate. In the present invention, the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate is preferably 1-3:1-3:1-3. In the present invention, the water retaining agent has a water retaining effect, which increases the moisture content of the planting matrix to meet the needs of plants. In the present invention, the plant straw preferably includes corn straw and wheat straw, and the mass ratio of the corn straw and wheat straw is 2-4:1-2. In the present invention, the plant straw and coconut shell and peanut meal increase friction, reduce the loss of planting matrix, and increase the ventilation of planting matrix. In the present invention, the decomposed organic fertilizer preferably includes naturally decomposed cow dung or naturally decomposed sheep dung to provide nutrients for planted plants.

[0036] In the present invention, the content of Bacillus licheniformis in the microbial agent is preferably 1 to 2×10 10 CFU / g; the bacterial content of Bacillus flexus in the microbial agent is preferably 1.5 to 2.5×10 11 CFU / g; the bacterial content of marine Bacillus in the microbial agent is preferably 0.5 to 1.5×10 11 CFU / g; the bacterial content of Bacillus coagulans in the microbial agent is preferably 2 to 4×10 12 CFU / g. The present invention has no special limitation on the preparation method of the microbial agent, and it can be prepared by a conventional bacterial species preparation method. The present invention has no special limitation on the sources of the Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans, and conventional bacterial species can be used, which will not be repeated here. In the present invention, the microbial agent has the function of promoting the adsorption of heavy metals by plants.

[0037] The present invention sows plant seeds on a planting substrate. In the present invention, the plant preferably includes one or more of Phytolacca, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Morning Glory, Pt. pueraria, Wisteria sinensis, P. serrata, Orchidaceae and Honeysuckle. In the present invention, the sowing amount of the plant seeds is preferably 2 to 4 kg / mu. The present invention has no special restrictions on the management after sowing the plant seeds, and conventional management can be adopted, such as watering during drought.

[0038] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] Example 1

[0040] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0041] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0042] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0043] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of water retaining agent, 15 parts of plant straw, 10 parts of coconut shell, 10 parts of peanut meal, 10 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of microbial agent, 20 parts of garden soil, 20 parts of diatomaceous earth and 5 parts of vermiculite;

[0044] The microbial agent contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans. The bacterial content of Bacillus licheniformis is 2×10 10 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus flexus was 1.5×10 11CFU / g, the bacterial content of marine Bacillus is 0.5×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus coagulans is 4×10 12 CFU / g;

[0045] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0046] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0047] 3) sowing Phytolacca americana seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0048] Example 2

[0049] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0050] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0051] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 35 cm;

[0052] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of water retaining agent, 20 parts of plant straw, 5 parts of coconut shell, 8 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 8 parts of microbial agent, 15 parts of garden soil, 10 parts of diatomaceous earth and 10 parts of vermiculite;

[0053] The microbial agent contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans. The bacterial content of Bacillus licheniformis is 1.5×10 10 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus flexus was 2.5×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of marine Bacillus is 1×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus coagulans is 2×10 12 CFU / g;

[0054] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0055] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0056] 3) sowing morning glory seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0059] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0060] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 35 cm;

[0061] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of water retaining agent, 20 parts of plant straw, 8 parts of coconut shell, 8 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of naturally decomposed sheep manure, 5 parts of microbial agent, 10 parts of garden soil, 10 parts of diatomaceous earth and 10 parts of vermiculite;

[0062] The microbial agent contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans. The bacterial content of Bacillus licheniformis is 1.5×10 10 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus flexus was 2×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of marine Bacillus is 1.5×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus coagulans is 4×10 12 CFU / g;

[0063] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0064] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0065] 3) sowing Parthenocissus tricuspidata seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0068] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0069] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0070] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of water retaining agent, 18 parts of plant straw, 6 parts of coconut shell, 8 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of naturally decomposed sheep manure, 8 parts of microbial agent, 10 parts of garden soil, 20 parts of diatomaceous earth and 8 parts of vermiculite;

[0071] The microbial agent contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans. The bacterial content of Bacillus licheniformis is 1.2×10 10 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus flexus was 2.2×10 11CFU / g, the bacterial content of marine Bacillus is 0.8×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus coagulans was 2.5×10 12 CFU / g;

[0072] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0073] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0074] 3) sowing vanilla seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0075] Example 5

[0076] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0077] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0078] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0079] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of water retaining agent, 20 parts of plant straw, 8 parts of coconut shell, 6 parts of peanut meal, 14 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 14 parts of microbial agent, 16 parts of garden soil, 14 parts of diatomaceous earth and 5 parts of vermiculite;

[0080] The microbial agent contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans. The bacterial content of Bacillus licheniformis is 1.8×10 10 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus flexus was 1.8×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of marine Bacillus is 1.2×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus coagulans was 2.4×10 12 CFU / g;

[0081] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0082] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0083] 3) sowing Wisteria sinensis seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0084] Example 6

[0085] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0086] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0087] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0088] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of water retaining agent, 20 parts of plant straw, 8 parts of coconut shell, 6 parts of peanut meal, 14 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 9 parts of microbial agent, 15 parts of garden soil, 10 parts of diatomaceous earth and 10 parts of vermiculite;

[0089] The microbial agent contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans. The bacterial content of Bacillus licheniformis is 1.6×10 10 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus flexus was 1.6×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of marine Bacillus is 1.1×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus coagulans was 3.2×10 12 CFU / g;

[0090] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0091] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0092] 3) sowing Putuo Dogwa Flower seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0093] Example 7

[0094] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0095] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0096] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0097] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of water retaining agent, 15 parts of plant straw, 10 parts of coconut shell, 10 parts of peanut meal, 10 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 8 parts of microbial agent, 15 parts of garden soil, 15 parts of diatomaceous earth and 10 parts of vermiculite;

[0098] The microbial agent contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans. The bacterial content of Bacillus licheniformis is 2×10 10 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus flexus was 1.5×10 11CFU / g, the bacterial content of marine Bacillus is 1.2×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus coagulans was 2.8×10 12 CFU / g;

[0099] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0100] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0101] 3) sowing hawk claw flower seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0102] Example 8

[0103] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0104] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0105] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0106] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of water retaining agent, 15 parts of plant straw, 10 parts of coconut shell, 8 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 10 parts of microbial agent, 20 parts of garden soil, 20 parts of diatomaceous earth and 5 parts of vermiculite;

[0107] The microbial agent contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans. The bacterial content of Bacillus licheniformis is 1.2×10 10 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus flexus was 1.5×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of marine Bacillus is 0.5×10 11 CFU / g, the bacterial content of Bacillus coagulans was 3.5×10 12 CFU / g;

[0108] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0109] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0110] 3) sowing honeysuckle seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0111] Comparative Example 1

[0112] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0113] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0114] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0115] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of water retaining agent, 15 parts of plant straw, 10 parts of coconut shell, 10 parts of peanut meal, 10 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 20 parts of garden soil, 20 parts of diatomaceous earth and 5 parts of vermiculite;

[0116] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0117] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0118] 3) sowing Phytolacca americana seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0119] Comparative Example 2

[0120] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0121] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0122] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 35 cm;

[0123] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of water retaining agent, 20 parts of plant straw, 5 parts of coconut shell, 8 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 15 parts of garden soil, 10 parts of diatomaceous earth and 10 parts of vermiculite;

[0124] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0125] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0126] 3) sowing morning glory seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0127] Comparative Example 3

[0128] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0129] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0130] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 35 cm;

[0131] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of water retaining agent, 20 parts of plant straw, 8 parts of coconut shell, 8 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of naturally decomposed sheep manure, 10 parts of garden soil, 10 parts of diatomaceous earth and 10 parts of vermiculite;

[0132] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0133] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0134] 3) sowing Parthenocissus tricuspidata seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0135] Comparative Example 4

[0136] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0137] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0138] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0139] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of water retaining agent, 18 parts of plant straw, 6 parts of coconut shell, 8 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of naturally decomposed sheep manure, 10 parts of garden soil, 20 parts of diatomaceous earth and 8 parts of vermiculite;

[0140] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0141] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0142] 3) sowing vanilla seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0143] Comparative Example 5

[0144] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0145] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0146] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0147] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of water retaining agent, 20 parts of plant straw, 8 parts of coconut shell, 6 parts of peanut meal, 14 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 16 parts of garden soil, 14 parts of diatomaceous earth and 5 parts of vermiculite;

[0148] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0149] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0150] 3) sowing Wisteria sinensis seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0151] Comparative Example 6

[0152] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0153] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0154] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0155] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 4 parts of water retaining agent, 20 parts of plant straw, 8 parts of coconut shell, 6 parts of peanut meal, 14 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 15 parts of garden soil, 10 parts of diatomaceous earth and 10 parts of vermiculite;

[0156] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0157] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0158] 3) sowing Putuo Dogwa Flower seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0159] Comparative Example 7

[0160] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0161] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0162] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0163] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of water retaining agent, 15 parts of plant straw, 10 parts of coconut shell, 10 parts of peanut meal, 10 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 15 parts of garden soil, 15 parts of diatomaceous earth and 10 parts of vermiculite;

[0164] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0165] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0166] 3) sowing hawk claw flower seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0167] Comparative Example 8

[0168] A method for ecological restoration of a mine slope, comprising the following steps:

[0169] 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope;

[0170] 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1) to a thickness of 40 cm;

[0171] The planting matrix is ​​composed of the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of water retaining agent, 15 parts of plant straw, 10 parts of coconut shell, 8 parts of peanut meal, 15 parts of naturally decomposed cow dung, 20 parts of garden soil, 20 parts of diatomaceous earth and 5 parts of vermiculite;

[0172] The water retaining agent is polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate, with a mass ratio of 1:1:1;

[0173] The plant straws are corn straw and wheat straw, with a mass ratio of 2:1, which are crushed before use;

[0174] 3) sowing honeysuckle seeds on the planting substrate in step 2) at a sowing rate of 3 kg / mu.

[0175] Test Example 1

[0176] The slope of Kangding Gold Mine of Kangding Jinxin Mining Tourism Co., Ltd. was used as the site to be repaired, with a slope of 35°. In May 2019, the repair methods of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Examples 1-8 were used in different regions for testing, and the other management measures remained the same. The area of ​​each region was 50m 2 Each test was repeated 3 times and the average value was taken. The heavy metal content of the slope soil at a depth of 10 to 20 cm was detected before restoration. The heavy metal content in the soil at the same location was detected one year after restoration. Lead and cadmium were determined in accordance with GB / T17141-1997, and total mercury and total arsenic were determined in accordance with GB / T 22105.2-2008. The coverage rate in July of the year after plant seed sowing, the coverage rate after 3 years of growth, and the coverage rate after 5 years of growth were also determined. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0177] Table 1 Soil heavy metal content detection results and coverage results

[0178]

[0179] As can be seen from Table 1, using the method provided by the present invention to repair the slope can not only remove heavy metals in the soil, but also green the slope and gradually cover the slope year by year.

[0180] Although the above embodiment describes the present invention in detail, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creativity, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for ecological restoration of mine slopes, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Clean the slope of the mine from dangerous rocks and debris to obtain a clean slope; 2) spraying the planting matrix on the cleaned slope obtained in step 1); The planting matrix comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of water retaining agent, 15-20 parts of plant straw, 5-10 parts of coconut shell, 5-10 parts of peanut meal, 10-20 parts of decomposed organic fertilizer, 5-10 parts of microbial agent, 10-20 parts of garden soil, 10-20 parts of diatomaceous earth and 5-10 parts of vermiculite; The microbial inoculant contains Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus flexus, Bacillus marineus and Bacillus coagulans; 3) sowing plant seeds on the planting substrate in step 2).

2. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the planting substrate in step 2) is 30 to 40 cm.

3. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bacterial content of Bacillus licheniformis in the microbial agent in step 2) is 1 to 2×10 10 CFU / g; The bacterial content of Bacillus flexus in the microbial agent is 1.5 to 2.5×10 11 CFU / g; The content of marine bacillus in the microbial agent is 0.5-1.5×10 11 CFU / g; The bacterial content of Bacillus coagulans in the microbial agent is 2 to 4×10 12 CFU / g.

4. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water retaining agent in step 2) comprises polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate; the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide, potassium polyacrylate and ammonium polyacrylate is 1-3:1-3:1-3.

5. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plant straws in step 2) include corn straws and wheat straws, and the mass ratio of the corn straws to the wheat straws is 2-4:1-2.

6. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The decomposed organic fertilizer in step 2) includes naturally decomposed cow dung or naturally decomposed sheep dung.

7. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plants in step 3) include one or more of Phytolacca americana, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Morning Glory, Pteris edulis, Wisteria sinensis, Pteris ovata, Orchidaceae and Honeysuckle.

8. The ecological restoration method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step 3), the sowing amount of plant seeds is 2-4 kg / mu.

Images