A pharmaceutical composition for preventing and controlling peach gummosis and application thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for controlling peach gummosis and its application, belonging to the field of induction-based disease control technology. The pharmaceutical composition for controlling peach gummosis includes separately packaged salicylic acid and a chemical fungicide; the chemical fungicide includes hexaconazole and prochloraz; the mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (4-8):1. This invention alternates the application of salicylic acid with a specific ratio of hexaconazole and prochloraz to peach trees. During the growing season, exogenous application of salicylic acid enhances the plant's resistance to various diseases. Combined with the use of chemical fungicides, this reduces the frequency of fungicide application. Simultaneously, due to the inducing effect of salicylic acid, it also prolongs the effective period of the chemical agents.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of inducing disease resistance, and particularly relates to a medicine composition for preventing and controlling peach gummosis and application thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] Peach (Prunus persica L.) belongs to Rosaceae peach subgenus (Amygdalus) fruit trees, is a fruit of Chinese origin, and is widely planted in Shandong, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan and other provinces. Peach gummosis is one of the common diseases of stone fruit trees, mainly caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea and Botryosphaeria obtusa in Botryosphaeria fungi, is an important disease of peach trees in China, and is widespread, almost throughout the peach tree producing areas in China, especially in the Yangtze River Basin and the south of China. The disease mainly harms the main stem and main branch of peach trees, and secretes brown transparent soft gum-like material at the skin pores or wounds, and with the development and spread of the disease, the plant growth gradually weakens, the fruit quality decreases, the yield decreases, and eventually the whole plant dies.

[0003] Peach gummosis is a complex disease caused by multiple reasons, and has a long duration, so it is difficult to prevent and control. At present, the chemical control is still the main method for preventing and controlling peach gummosis in production. Chemical control has become an essential control method in the process of disease control due to its fast effect and good effect. Hexaconazole belongs to triazole sterol demethylation enzyme inhibitors, and is mainly used for controlling important leaf diseases such as apple powdery mildew and apple spot and leaf fall disease, and also has good control effect on other fungal diseases such as annular disease and dry rot. Prochloraz belongs to imidazole broad-spectrum fungicides, can be absorbed and conducted in the plant body, mainly acts by inhibiting the biosynthesis of ergosterol, is a fungicide with both protection and eradication effects, and has obvious prevention effect on diseases caused by ascomycetes and hemiascomycetes on various crops. However, most chemical fungicides are single action sites, and act on plant pathogens in one way, so repeated use of these pesticides will inevitably increase the risk of drug resistance. SUMMARY

[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the present application is to provide a medicine composition for preventing and controlling peach gummosis, which is prepared by combining salicylic acid with chemical fungicides hexaconazole and prochloraz, can not only reduce the drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria to the fungicides, but also reduce the pollution to the environment.

[0005] The present application provides a medicine composition for preventing and controlling peach gummosis, which comprises separately packaged salicylic acid and chemical fungicides; the chemical fungicides comprise hexaconazole and prochloraz; and the mass ratio of the hexaconazole and the prochloraz is (4-8):1.

[0006] Preferably, the mass ratio of hexaconazole to imazalil is (6-8):1.

[0007] This invention provides the application of the pharmaceutical composition in the control of peach gummosis.

[0008] This invention provides a method for controlling peach tree gummosis, comprising the following steps:

[0009] Before the peach trees sprout, apply a chemical fungicide; the mass ratio of hexaconazole and imazalil is (4-8):1.

[0010] Apply salicylic acid after the peach trees have blossomed;

[0011] During the peach tree's growing season, apply the pesticide every 14-16 days in the following cycle until harvest: apply the chemical fungicide one day after applying salicylic acid, and then apply salicylic acid again 14-16 days later.

[0012] Apply the chemical fungicide described above once after the peaches are harvested.

[0013] Preferably, in the chemical bactericide, the hexaconazole is a 5000-fold diluted solution of 30% hexaconazole suspension;

[0014] The imazalil is a 2000-fold dilution of 45% imazalil water emulsion.

[0015] Preferably, each time the chemical fungicide is used, the amount applied is enough to wet the entire trunk and branches of the peach tree.

[0016] Preferably, the working concentration of the salicylic acid is 13–18 mmol / L.

[0017] Preferably, the amount of salicylic acid applied is based on spraying the entire trunk and branches of the peach tree.

[0018] Preferably, the application includes spraying;

[0019] The spraying is applied to the main trunk and branches.

[0020] Preferably, the interval between the cyclical drug applications is 15 days.

[0021] This invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for controlling peach gummosis, comprising separately packaged salicylic acid and chemical fungicides; the chemical fungicides include hexaconazole and prochloraz; the mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (4-8):1. This invention mixes different types of fungicides, hexaconazole and prochloraz, to screen for synergistic fungicidal ratios, and combines them with salicylic acid. By using salicylic acid in combination with different proportions of fungicides, this method controls peach gummosis, thereby reducing the number of times chemical agents are used and lowering the risk of pathogen resistance. Furthermore, salicylic acid is widely present in plants, belongs to the phenolic class of compounds, and is a novel endogenous plant hormone. Exogenous salicylic acid is inexpensive and safe for plants. Its combined use with chemical agents not only reduces the development of pathogen resistance but also reduces environmental pollution. Detailed Implementation

[0022] This invention provides a pharmaceutical composition for controlling peach gummosis, comprising separately packaged salicylic acid and a chemical fungicide; the chemical fungicide includes hexaconazole and imazalil; the mass ratio of hexaconazole to imazalil is (4-8):1.

[0023] In this invention, the preferred mass ratio of hexaconazole to prochloraz is (6-8):1, and can be 7:1. The preferred hexaconazole is a 30% hexaconazole suspension diluted 5000 times, and can be a 5000-fold dilution. The preferred prochloraz is a 45% prochloraz emulsion diluted 2000 times. This invention screened the optimal ratio of hexaconazole and prochloraz for the strongest bactericidal effect through indoor toxicity tests. The results showed that both a 4:1 and 8:1 mass ratio of hexaconazole and prochloraz achieved good synergistic effects. Furthermore, the 8:1 mass ratio of hexaconazole and prochloraz resulted in the highest co-toxicity coefficient and the most significant synergistic effect, while the 4:1 mass ratio resulted in the second highest co-toxicity coefficient. Therefore, hexaconazole and prochloraz can be used in a mass ratio range of 4-8:1 to control peach gummosis. This invention does not have any special restrictions on the source of the hexaconazole and prochloraz; any hexaconazole and prochloraz known in the art can be used. In this embodiment of the invention, the hexaconazole was purchased from Qingdao Hainan Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and the imazalil was purchased from Jiangxi Zhonghe Chemical Co., Ltd.

[0024] In this invention, the salicylic acid is packaged separately. Exogenous application of the salicylic acid can induce the expression of plant defense genes and provide partial protection against diseases. Experiments show that the combined application of salicylic acid with chemical fungicides not only reduces the frequency of fungicide application and the risk of drug resistance in peach gummosis pathogens, but also significantly reduces the occurrence of peach gummosis, achieving a good control effect. The results of the embodiments of this invention indicate that, compared with oxalic acid, the combined application of salicylic acid with the aforementioned chemical fungicides can further enhance the killing effect on peach gummosis pathogens and improve the control effect of peach gummosis.

[0025] Given that salicylic acid combined with hexaconazole and imazalil has good inhibitory properties against the pathogen of peach gummosis, the present invention provides the application of the pharmaceutical composition in the control of peach gummosis.

[0026] This invention provides a method for controlling peach tree gummosis, comprising the following steps:

[0027] Before the peach trees sprout, apply a chemical fungicide; the mass ratio of hexaconazole and imazalil is (4-8):1.

[0028] Apply salicylic acid after the peach trees have blossomed;

[0029] During the peach tree's growing season, apply the pesticide every 14-16 days in the following cycle until harvest: apply the chemical fungicide one day after applying salicylic acid, and then apply salicylic acid again 14-16 days later.

[0030] Apply the chemical fungicide described above once after the peaches are harvested.

[0031] In this invention, the solvent for the chemical fungicide preferably includes water. Each time it is used, the amount of the chemical fungicide applied is sufficient to wet the entire trunk and branches of the peach tree.

[0032] In this invention, the preferred working concentration of the salicylic acid is 13–18 mmol / L, and can be 15 mmol / L. The amount of salicylic acid applied is determined by spraying the entire trunk and branches of the peach tree.

[0033] In this invention, the application preferably includes spraying. Spraying is preferably applied to the main trunk and branches. The interval between repeated applications is preferably 15 days.

[0034] In this invention, before the peach trees sprout, it is preferable to clean the orchard and scrape away any trunks affected by peach gummosis. After the peach trees bloom, salicylic acid is applied to the entire tree. During the peach tree's growing season, the focus is on spraying the branches and twigs. After the peach fruit is harvested, the chemical fungicide is preferably sprayed onto the entire tree.

[0035] In this invention, the above method is used to control gummosis in peach trees in peach orchards, and the control rate is higher than 70%.

[0036] The following detailed description, in conjunction with embodiments, illustrates a pharmaceutical composition for controlling peach gummosis and its application, but these descriptions should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Indoor toxicity testing optimizes the ratio of hexaconazole and imazalil.

[0039] 1. Drug description: 95.40% hexaconazole technical and 97% imazalil technical (purchased from Tianjin Hanbang Plant Protection Agent Co., Ltd.) were prepared into a stock solution of 1000 μg / mL with acetone.

[0040] 2. Test Methods

[0041] Following the "Guidelines for Indoor Bioassay Testing of Pesticides," the growth rate method was used to determine the antifungal activity of different pesticide formulations against *Prunus cerevisiae*, the pathogen causing gummosis in peach trees. The prepared stock solutions were mixed in different mass ratios of hexaconazole and prochloraz (1:8, 1:4, 1:2, 1:1, 2:1, 4:1, 8:1), resulting in seven groups. Each group had seven concentration gradients (10 μg / mL, 5 μg / mL, 2.5 μg / mL, 0.5 μg / mL, 0.25 μg / mL, 0.1 μg / mL, 0.05 μg / mL), with a control group (no pesticide treatment) as the blank control. 2 mL of the prepared pesticide solution was pipetted into 10 mL of LDA medium and thoroughly mixed, then poured into a petri dish to prepare agar plates. Each treatment was repeated four times, with a blank control containing 2 mL of sterile water. Using a sterilized punch with a diameter of 5 mm, create mycelial cakes along the edge of the cultured Botryosphaeria dothidea colony, the pathogen causing gummosis in peach trees. Inoculate the mycelial cakes into the center of PDA plates for different treatments, with one mycelial cake on each plate. Incubate in a constant temperature incubator at 28℃ for 3-7 days. When the control colonies have filled the petri dishes, measure the colony diameter of different treatment ratios using the cross-crossing method, and calculate the growth inhibition rate according to Formula I.

[0042] Mycelial growth inhibition rate (%) = (Control colony diameter - Treated colony diameter) / (Control colony diameter - 5) × 100% Formula I

[0043] The mycelial growth inhibition rate was converted into an inhibition probability value, and the drug concentration was converted into a logarithmic form. The virulence regression equation and EC were then calculated. 50 The toxicity index and co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) of the drug are calculated using the following formula, along with the correlation coefficient.

[0044] Toxicity Index (TI) = EC of Standard Agent 50 / Test reagent EC 50 ×100% Formula II;

[0045] Actual Toxicity Index (ATI) of Mixture = EC of Standard Reagent 50 EC mixture 50 ×100% Formula III;

[0046] Theoretical Toxicity Index (TTI) of a Mixture = Toxicity Index of A × Content of A in the Mixture (%) + Toxicity Index of B × Content of B in the Mixture (%) Formula IV;

[0047] Co-toxicity coefficient (CTC) = Actual toxicity index (ATI) of mixture / Theoretical toxicity index (TTI) of mixture × 100% Formula V.

[0048] When CTC≤80, it is an antagonistic effect; when 80<CTC<120, it is an additive effect; and when CTC≥120, it is a synergistic effect.

[0049] The results showed that the CTC values ​​of hexaconazole and prochloraz at ratios of 4:1 and 8:1 were 321.58 and 795.97, respectively, both greater than 120. This indicates that the ratio of hexaconazole and prochloraz has a significant synergistic effect, especially the 8:1 ratio, which has the highest CTC value and the most obvious synergistic effect, and is the optimal ratio.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] A pharmaceutical composition for controlling peach gummosis, comprising the following reagents:

[0052] Salicylic acid solution: Prepare a salicylic acid aqueous solution with a working concentration of 15 mmol / L;

[0053] Chemical bactericides: Chemical bactericides were prepared by diluting 30% hexaconazole suspension at 5000 times and 45% prochloraz emulsion at 2000 times, respectively, with hexaconazole and prochloraz mass ratios of 8:1 and 4:1, to obtain hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) mixtures and hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) mixtures for subsequent use.

[0054] Example 3

[0055] A method for controlling peach tree gummosis

[0056] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout, in conjunction with the orchard cleanup, the existing gummosis lesions are scraped off cleanly, and the mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (8:1) prepared in Example 1 is sprayed on the trunk and branches. The amount of spraying is enough to wet the entire trunk and branches of the peach tree.

[0057] After the peach trees bloom, spray them with a 15 mmol / L salicylic acid solution until the entire trunk and branches are moist.

[0058] During the peach tree's growing season, first spray with a 15 mmol / L salicylic acid solution, then one day later spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1). After 15 days, spray with 15 mmol / L salicylic acid alone. Thereafter, apply the pesticide every 15 days (spraying with 15 mmol / L salicylic acid, then one day later spraying with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1), followed by another 15 days later spraying with 15 mmol / L salicylic acid alone), alternating between these applications until harvest. When spraying, focus on the branches and twigs, ensuring they are completely wetted.

[0059] After the peaches are harvested, spray the entire tree with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (8:1), spraying until the trunk and branches of the entire peach tree are wet.

[0060] The above method was repeated in parallel for four peach tree planting areas, each of which included seven peach trees.

[0061] This embodiment also includes a blank control group, in which no pesticides are applied to the peach trees throughout their entire growth period.

[0062] Example 4

[0063] A method for controlling peach tree gummosis

[0064] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout, in conjunction with the orchard cleanup, scrape off the existing gummosis lesions and spray with the mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (4:1) prepared in Example 1, spraying until the trunk and branches of the entire peach tree are wet.

[0065] After the peach trees bloom, spray the entire tree with a 15 mmol / L salicylic acid solution until the trunk and branches are moist.

[0066] During the peach tree's growing season, first spray with a 15 mmol / L salicylic acid solution, then spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) one day later. After 15 days, spray with a 15 mmol / L salicylic acid solution alone. Thereafter, apply the pesticide every 15 days (spraying with a 15 mmol / L salicylic acid solution, then spraying with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) one day later, followed by a 15 mmol / L salicylic acid solution alone 15 days later), alternating between these applications until harvest. When spraying, focus on the branches and twigs, ensuring they are completely wetted.

[0067] After harvesting, spray the whole tree with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (4:1), spraying until the trunk and branches of the whole tree are moist.

[0068] The above method was repeated in parallel for four peach tree planting areas, each of which included seven peach trees.

[0069] Comparative Example 1

[0070] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout, in conjunction with the orchard cleanup, the existing gummosis lesions were scraped off and the mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (8:1) prepared in Example 1 was sprayed.

[0071] After flowering, spray with a 20 mmol / L oxalic acid solution until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moistened.

[0072] During the growing season, spray with a 20 mmol / L oxalic acid solution, and one day later spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1). After 15 days, spray with a 20 mmol / L oxalic acid solution alone. Thereafter, apply the pesticide every 15 days (spray with a 20 mmol / L oxalic acid solution, one day later spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) + 15 days later spray with a 20 mmol / L oxalic acid solution alone), alternating the application cycle until harvest. When spraying, focus on the branches and twigs, spraying until the branches and twigs are completely wet.

[0073] After harvesting, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (8:1), spraying until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0074] The above method was repeated in parallel for four peach tree planting areas, each of which included seven peach trees.

[0075] Comparative Example 2

[0076] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout, in conjunction with the orchard cleanup, scrape off the existing gummosis lesions and spray with the mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (4:1) prepared in Example 1, spraying until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0077] After flowering, spray with a 20 mmol / L oxalic acid solution until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moistened.

[0078] During the growing season, spray with a 20 mmol / L oxalic acid solution, and one day later spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1). After 15 days, spray with a 20 mmol / L oxalic acid solution alone. Thereafter, apply the pesticide every 15 days (spray with a 20 mmol / L oxalic acid solution, one day later spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) + 15 days later spray with a 20 mmol / L oxalic acid solution alone), alternating the application cycle until harvest. When spraying, focus on the branches and twigs, spraying until the branches and twigs are completely wet.

[0079] After harvesting, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (4:1) until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0080] The above method was repeated in parallel for four peach tree planting areas, each of which included seven peach trees.

[0081] Comparative Example 3

[0082] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout new leaves, in conjunction with orchard sanitation work, scrape off the existing gummosis lesions and spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (8:1), spraying until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0083] After flowering, spray with water instead of salicylic acid until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0084] During the growing season, spray with water instead of salicylic acid. One day later, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1). Spray with water instead of salicylic acid once every 15 days. Thereafter, spray every 15 days (spray with water instead of salicylic acid, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1) one day later, and then spray with water instead of salicylic acid again after 15 days), alternating the spraying cycle until harvest. When spraying, focus on spraying the branches and twigs, and spray until the branches and twigs are completely wet.

[0085] After harvesting, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (8:1), spraying until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0086] The above method was repeated in parallel for four peach tree planting areas, each of which included seven peach trees.

[0087] Comparative Example 4

[0088] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout new leaves, in conjunction with orchard sanitation work, scrape off the existing gummosis lesions and spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (4:1) until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0089] After flowering, spray with water instead of salicylic acid until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0090] During the growing season, spray with water instead of salicylic acid. One day later, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1). Repeat this process every 15 days, using water instead of salicylic acid. Continue this cycle of spraying every 15 days (using water instead of salicylic acid, followed by a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1) one day later, and then water again 15 days later), alternating between these steps until harvest. When spraying, focus on the branches and twigs, ensuring they are completely wetted.

[0091] After harvesting, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (4:1), spraying until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0092] The above method was repeated in parallel for four peach tree planting areas, each of which included seven peach trees.

[0093] Comparative Example 5

[0094] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout new leaves, in conjunction with orchard sanitation work, scrape off the existing gummosis lesions and spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (8:1), spraying until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0095] After flowering, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (8:1), spraying until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0096] During the growing season, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (8:1), and then apply the mixture every 15 days until harvest. When spraying, focus on the branches and twigs, and spray until the branches and twigs are completely wet.

[0097] After harvesting, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (8:1), spraying until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0098] The above method was repeated in parallel for four peach tree planting areas, each of which included seven peach trees.

[0099] Comparative Example 6

[0100] Before the 12-year-old peach trees sprout new leaves, in conjunction with orchard sanitation work, scrape off the existing gummosis lesions and spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (4:1) until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0101] After flowering, spray a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (4:1) until the trunk and branches of the entire tree are moist.

[0102] During the growing season, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and prochloraz (4:1), and then apply the mixture every 15 days until harvest. When spraying, focus on the branches and twigs, and spray until the branches and twigs are completely wet.

[0103] After harvesting, spray with a mixture of hexaconazole and imazalil (4:1), spraying until the entire trunk and branches of the tree are moist.

[0104] The above method was repeated in parallel for four peach tree planting areas, each of which included seven peach trees.

[0105] Example 2

[0106] Methods and Results of the Investigation on the Effectiveness of Prevention and Control

[0107] The diseased peach trees in Examples 3-4 and Comparative Examples 1-6 were investigated, the disease incidence rate was calculated, the peach gummosis disease index was calculated according to the grading standard, and the control effects of different treatments were statistically analyzed.

[0108] Disease incidence (%) = Number of diseased plants / Total number of plants × 100% Formula I.

[0109] Disease index = ∑(number of diseased plants at each level × relative level value) / (total number of plants surveyed × 3) × 100% Formula II.

[0110] Prevention and control effect (%) = (disease index of blank control area - disease index of treatment area) / disease index of blank control area × 100% Formula III.

[0111] Grading standards for peach tree gummosis:

[0112] Grade 0: No gumming spots are visible on the main trunk and branches, and the tree's vigor is unaffected;

[0113] Level 1: 1-9 gumming spots on the main trunk and branches, with an affected area of ​​less than 5%, and the tree vigor is not affected;

[0114] Level 2: 10-19 gumming spots on the main trunk and branches, affecting 5%-10% of the area, with slight impact;

[0115] Level 3: 20-29 gumming spots on the main trunk and branches, affecting 10%-20% of the area, with significant impact and premature fading of leaves.

[0116] The results are shown in Table 1.

[0117] Table 1. Field control effects of different treatments on peach gummosis.

[0118] Treatment Disease incidence (%) Disease index Control effect (%) Example 3 (15 mmol / L salicylic acid + (8:1) mixture) 10.71 4.76±3.89 88.65 ± 8.41 Aa Example 4 (15 mmol / L salicylic acid + (4:1) mixture) 28.57 11.90±2.75 71.91 ± 10.31 Bb Comparative Example 1 (20 mmol / L oxalic acid + (8:1) mixture) 35.71 15.48±5.99 64.65 ± 13.52 Bb C Comparative Example 2 (20 mmol / L oxalic acid + (4:1) mixture) 32.14 15.48±4.56 62.84 ± 16.15 Bb C Comparative Example 3 (water + (8:1) mixture) 57.14 11.90±4.56 47.68 ± 11.94 Cc D Comparative Example 4 (water + (4:1) mixture) 67.86 26.19±2.75 39.11 ± 11.31 c D Comparative Example 5 (whole (8:1) mixture) 28.57 11.90±2.75 72.48 ± 6.54 Bb Comparative Example 6 (whole (4:1) mixture) 32.14 15.48±2.38 63.86 ± 8.76 Bb C Blank control (CK) 71.43 44.05±8.13 —

[0119] Table 1 shows that, compared with the blank control group, Examples 3-4 and Comparative Examples 1-6 improved the control effect of peach gummosis to varying degrees. Comparative Examples 5 and 6 showed good control effects of using only chemical fungicides, reaching over 63%, but repeated application of chemical fungicides easily increased the risk of drug resistance in the pathogen causing peach gummosis and caused environmental pollution. In Comparative Examples 3 and 4, the chemical fungicide was mixed with water, which reduced the number of applications, but the effect was poor in terms of disease incidence, disease index, and control efficacy. Comparing Examples 3 and 4 with Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the combined application of salicylic acid and chemical fungicides improved the control effect of peach gummosis more than the combined application of oxalic acid and chemical fungicides, achieving a control effect of over 71%, which was superior to the chemical fungicide-only approach. This indicates that salicylic acid, combined with hexaconazole and prochloraz, has a synergistic effect in controlling peach gummosis.

[0120] In summary, this invention, by combining chemical fungicides with salicylic acid, not only reduces the frequency of chemical application but also enhances the control of peach gummosis. Furthermore, salicylic acid is widely present in plants, belongs to the phenolic class of compounds, and is a novel endogenous plant hormone. Exogenous salicylic acid is inexpensive, safe for plants, and cost-effective. Its combined use with chemical fungicides not only reduces the development of drug resistance in pathogens but also minimizes environmental pollution.

[0121] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling peach tree gummosis, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Before the peach trees sprout, a chemical fungicide is applied; the chemical fungicide includes hexaconazole and imazalil; the mass ratio of the active ingredients of hexaconazole and imazalil is (4~8):

1. Apply salicylic acid after the peach trees have blossomed; During the peach tree's growing season, apply the pesticide every 14-16 days in the following cycle until harvest: apply the chemical fungicide one day after applying salicylic acid, and then apply salicylic acid again 14-16 days later. Apply the aforementioned chemical fungicide once after the peaches are harvested; The working concentration of the salicylic acid is 13~18 mmol / L.

2. The method for controlling peach gummosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the chemical bactericide, the hexaconazole is a 5000-fold diluted solution of 30% hexaconazole suspension. The imazalil is a 2000-fold dilution of 45% imazalil water emulsion.

3. The method for controlling peach gummosis according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each time it is used, the amount of the chemical fungicide applied should be enough to wet the entire trunk and branches of the peach tree.

4. The method for controlling peach gummosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The amount of salicylic acid to be applied is based on spraying the entire trunk and branches of the peach tree.

5. The method for controlling peach tree gummosis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The application includes spraying; The spraying is applied to the main trunk and branches.

6. The method for controlling peach gummosis according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The interval between the cyclical drug applications is 15 days.