Automatic assembling mechanism and method for piston pin clamping ring

Abstract

The invention provides a piston pin snap ring automatic assembling mechanism and assembling method.The piston pin snap ring automatic assembling mechanism comprises an automatic assembling module, the automatic assembling module comprises a press-fitting module, the press-fitting module comprises a vertical plate, the vertical plate is provided with a preshrinking mechanism and a press-in mechanism, the preshrinking mechanism comprises a preshrinking block, a preshrinking rod and a preshrinking driving mechanism, and the preshrinking block is provided with a preshrinking block hole; a plurality of preshrinking grooves are formed in the hole wall of the shrinking block hole, a containing groove is formed in the top of the shrinking block hole, a shrinking rod hole is formed in the preshrinking rod, the shrinking rod hole and the shrinking block hole are coaxially arranged, preshrinking feet corresponding to the preshrinking grooves are arranged at one end of the preshrinking rod, and the preshrinking driving mechanism is used for driving the preshrinking rod to be inserted into the shrinking block hole. And the pressing-in mechanism is used for pressing the shrunk clamping ring into the piston pin hole, so that the clamping ring placed on the placing groove is shrunk to the size of the shrunk block hole under the action of the pre-shrunk foot. The clamping ring is pre-shrunk, and then the clamping ring is pressed into the piston pin hole through the pressing rod, so that the pressing stability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of piston pin retaining ring assembly, and in particular to an automatic assembly mechanism and an assembly method for a piston pin retaining ring. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of piston pin retaining ring (i.e. piston pin retaining spring) press-fitting equipment, but the general one-time press-fitting pass rate cannot exceed 99% for a long time. In addition, since the wire diameter of the retaining ring is generally about 1.2-1.4mm, it is difficult for the equipment itself to accurately detect the press-fitting quality of the retaining ring. A 4-cylinder engine has 8 retaining rings. If a factory produces 15W engines a year (555 engines a day) and the retaining ring press-fitting pass rate is 99%, the number of unqualified times a day is 44 times. However, once a retaining ring is missed, an engine will be basically scrapped, and a missed installation is a major defect in the market. Therefore, how to achieve high reliability of retaining ring press-fitting has become a major problem in the engine assembly industry. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects of the prior art and provide a piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism and assembly method. The retaining ring is pre-shrunk and then pressed into the piston pin hole by a pressure rod, thereby improving the stability of the press-fitting. By adaptively combining the mechanism with a servo press, the online detection function of the retaining ring press-fitting can be realized.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, in a first aspect, the present invention provides a piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism, comprising a base plate and an automatic assembly module, wherein the automatic assembly module is arranged on the base plate, the automatic assembly module comprises a press-fitting module, the press-fitting module comprises a vertical plate, a pre-shrinking mechanism and a pressing mechanism are arranged on the vertical plate, the pre-shrinking mechanism comprises a pre-shrinking block, a pre-shrinking rod, and a pre-shrinking driving mechanism, the pre-shrinking block is provided with a shrinking block hole, a plurality of pre-shrinking grooves are arranged on the hole wall of the shrinking block hole, a placement groove is arranged on the top of the shrinking block hole, the pre-shrinking rod is provided with a shrinking rod hole, the shrinking rod hole is coaxially arranged with the shrinking block hole, a plurality of pre-shrinking feet are arranged at one end of the pre-shrinking rod, and the plurality of pre-shrinking feet are arranged one-to-one with the plurality of pre-shrinking grooves, the pre-shrinking driving mechanism is used to drive the pre-shrinking rod to insert into the shrinking block hole, so that the retaining ring placed on the placement groove shrinks to the size of the shrinking block hole under the action of the pre-shrinking foot, and the pressing mechanism is used to press the shrunk retaining ring into the retaining ring groove of the piston pin hole.

[0005] Furthermore, the thickness of the plurality of pre-shrinkage legs gradually increases from the end toward one end of the pre-shrinkage rod.

[0006] Furthermore, a slot is opened at the top of the pre-shrinkage block, a pin is set at one end of the pre-shrinkage foot, a limit plate is set on the inner wall of the pin, and the pin is inserted into the slot during the process of inserting the pre-shrinkage rod into the shrinkage block hole, and the limit plate is used to clamp at the opening of the clamping ring.

[0007] Furthermore, a push-in groove is provided on one side of the top of the pre-shrinkage block, and the clamping ring enters the placement groove through the push-in groove. A limit pad is provided on the top of the pre-shrinkage block, and the limit pad is used for horizontal limitation of the clamping ring in the process of passing through the push-in groove. Avoidance holes corresponding to the pre-shrinkage foot and the plug pin are provided on the limit pad.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressing mechanism includes a servo press and a pressing rod, the pressing rod is slidably arranged in the shrinkage rod hole, the servo press is used to drive the pressing rod to press the shrunk retaining ring into the retaining ring groove of the piston pin hole, a guide pin is arranged at one end of the pressing rod, the diameter of the guide pin is smaller than the diameter of the compressed retaining ring, and the diameter of the pressing rod is consistent with the diameter of the outer edge of the compressed retaining ring.

[0009] In some embodiments, the automatic assembly module includes a material dividing and pushing module, which includes a fixed plate, a material column is arranged on the fixed plate, and a limiting rib is arranged axially on the material column, and the limiting rib is arranged on the side of the material column away from the pre-shrinkage block, and the material column is used to stack the clamping ring along the axial direction of the material column, and a material dividing block and a material dividing driving mechanism are slidably arranged on the fixed plate, a material dividing groove is opened on the top of the material dividing block, and the depth of the material dividing groove is not greater than the thickness of the clamping ring, and a pushing groove is opened at the bottom of the material dividing groove, and the bottom of the material column is fitted with the top of the material dividing block so that the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column can fall into the material dividing groove, and the material dividing driving mechanism is used to drive the material dividing block, and use the groove wall of the material dividing groove to push the clamping ring forward so that the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column is separated from the material column, and the material dividing and pushing module includes a pushing driving mechanism and a pushing rod, and the pushing rod is slidably arranged in the pushing groove, and the pushing driving mechanism is used to drive the pushing rod to push the clamping ring separated from the material column into the placement groove of the pre-shrinkage block.

[0010] Furthermore, a pressure block is provided on the fixed plate, one side of which is arranged above the material dividing trough, and the pressure block is arranged close to the material column. The pressure block is used to limit the retaining ring in the process of the material dividing trough pushing the retaining ring, so that when the groove wall of the material dividing trough starts to push the retaining ring forward, the retaining ring enters the range of the pressure block, thereby limiting the retaining ring.

[0011] Furthermore, a separation detection mechanism is provided at one end of the pressing block away from the material column, and the separation detection mechanism is used to detect whether the clamping ring is separated from the material column in place.

[0012] Furthermore, a pressure plate is provided on the dividing block, one end of the pressure plate extends to one end of the pushing groove close to the pre-shrinkage block, and the pressure plate is used to limit the clamping ring when the pushing rod pushes the clamping ring.

[0013] Furthermore, a fixed block and a rotating block are provided on the fixed plate, and the fixed block and the rotating block are respectively arranged on both sides of the material distribution block, one end of the rotating block is rotatably connected to the fixed plate, and the other end of the rotating block spans the material distribution block and is detachably connected to the fixed block, and the material column includes a first material column and a second material column, the first material column and the second material column are detachably connected, and the first material column is fixedly arranged on the rotating block.

[0014] Furthermore, the cross-sections of the push rod and the push groove are inverted triangles, and a circular arc pushing surface is arranged at the front end of the push rod.

[0015] In some embodiments, the automatic assembly module includes a press-fit floating module, which includes a connecting plate and a floating centering seat. The floating centering seat is fixedly set on a base plate, a pin hole is opened in the floating centering seat, a plurality of plug holes are opened on the hole wall of the pin hole, an elastic plunger is set in the plug hole, the connecting plate is connected to the vertical plate, a pin sleeve is set on the connecting plate, a floating centering pin is slidably set in the pin sleeve, a gap is set between the floating centering pin and the hole wall of the pin hole, a floating centering drive mechanism is set on the top of the pin sleeve, and the floating centering drive mechanism is used to control the depth of the floating centering pin inserted into the pin hole. When the floating centering pin is inserted into the pin hole to a certain depth, the elastic plunger abuts against the side of the floating centering pin.

[0016] Furthermore, a transverse guide rail and a longitudinal guide rail are arranged on the base, the transverse guide rail is slidably arranged on the longitudinal guide rail, and the connecting plate is fixedly arranged on the transverse guide rail.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a piston pin retaining ring assembly method, comprising:

[0018] The material distribution drive mechanism drives the material distribution block to push the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column, so that the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column is separated from the material column, and the material distribution drive mechanism drives the material distribution block to fit with the pre-shrinkage block;

[0019] When the separation detection mechanism detects that the material separation is completed, the controller sends a command to the material pushing drive mechanism, and the material pushing drive mechanism drives the material pushing rod to continue pushing the clamping ring along the material separation groove to the placement groove of the pre-shrinkage block;

[0020] After the detection position detection mechanism of the press-fitting module detects that the snap ring enters the placement groove, the controller sends a command to the lifting drive mechanism, and the lifting drive mechanism drives the pre-shrinking mechanism so that the bottom surface of the pre-shrinking mechanism is close to the end surface of the piston pin hole;

[0021] The controller sends a command to the pre-shrinkage driving mechanism, and the pre-shrinkage driving mechanism drives the pre-shrinkage rod to pre-shrink the clamping ring;

[0022] The controller sends a command to the servo press, and the servo press drives the pressing rod to press the snap ring into the snap ring groove of the piston pin hole.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0024] 1. The present invention provides a pre-shrink block and a pre-shrink rod. After the snap ring is placed in the placement groove of the pre-shrink block, the pre-shrink rod is inserted into the pre-shrink block. The snap ring is tightened to the size of the shrink block hole by the multiple pre-shrink feet of the pre-shrink rod, and the shrunken snap ring is pressed into the piston pin hole by the pressing mechanism. The multiple pre-shrink feet can ensure that the snap ring is tightly attached to the outer wall of the snap ring during the shrinking process, and the force is balanced. The contact surface between the pre-shrink feet and the snap ring is large enough to ensure that the service life of the pre-shrink feet is long enough.

[0025] 2. The thickness of the multiple pre-shrinkage feet of the present invention gradually increases from the end to one end of the pre-shrinkage rod, so that when the pre-shrinkage feet are inserted into the pre-shrinkage groove of the pre-shrinkage block, the multiple pre-shrinkage feet gradually tighten the clamping ring, thereby shrinking the clamping ring.

[0026] 3. The present invention provides a pin and a limit plate on the pin, and the limit plate can be clamped at the opening of the clamp ring, thereby preventing the clamp ring from rotating in the circular direction during the contraction process.

[0027] 4. The present invention provides a limiting pad so that the clamping ring is always limited by the limiting pad above during the contraction process in the placement groove, thereby preventing the clamping ring from turning over. In addition, by providing a push-in groove, it is convenient to push the clamping ring into the placement groove without removing the limiting pad.

[0028] 5. A guide pin is provided at one end of the pressure rod of the present invention, so that the retaining ring can be inserted into the guide pin and abut against the end surface of the pressure rod, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the pressure rod in pressing the retaining ring into the piston pin hole.

[0029] 6. The present invention provides a dividing block and a pushing rod. The dividing block uses the dividing groove to push the clamping ring to separate from the material column, and then uses the pushing rod to continue to push the clamping ring into the placement groove of the pre-shrinkage block along the dividing groove, thereby ensuring the flatness and angle stability of the clamping ring during the dividing and pushing process.

[0030] 7. The present invention ensures that the clamping ring will not turn over during the material distribution and pushing process by providing a pressing block and a pressing plate.

[0031] 8. The present invention is capable of detecting whether the clamping ring is separated from the material column by providing a separation detection mechanism.

[0032] 9. The present invention divides the material column into a first material column and a second material column, and the first material column is fixedly arranged on the rotating block. When material jamming occurs, the second material column can be disassembled, the connection between the rotating block and the fixed block can be released, and the rotating block can be rotated to remove the clamping ring on the first material column where the material jam occurs, so as to quickly resume production.

[0033] 10. The cross-sections of the push rod and the push trough of the present invention are both inverted triangles. The push rod has good rigidity and high movement accuracy after being fitted with the triangular push trough. In addition, a circular arc pushing surface is provided at the front end of the push rod, and the circular arc surface is used to push the retaining ring to prevent it from circumferential rotation. Compared with the push piece in the prior art, the triangular push rod is not easy to be stuck due to scratching with other parts due to deformation, and can withstand greater thrust.

[0034] 11. The present invention arranges an elastic plunger. When dividing and pushing materials, the elastic plunger can be used to fix the floating centering pin to ensure the position accuracy of dividing and pushing materials. When the retaining ring is pressed into the piston pin hole, the fixation of the floating centering pin by the elastic plunger is cancelled. Even if there is a certain error between the pressure rod and the piston pin hole, it can ensure that the entire press-fitting module can adapt to the piston, and the retaining ring can slide smoothly into the piston pin hole, avoiding the tension between the floating centering pin and the floating centering hole seat affecting the reliability.

[0035] 12. The present invention can set a suitable pressure detection range and displacement detection range through the servo press, and can detect various defects such as missed press-fitting of the snap ring, multiple press-fitting, partial ejection of the snap ring, or deformation of the snap ring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the automatic assembly module of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the material dividing and pushing module of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 This is a structural schematic diagram of the material dividing and pushing module of the present invention from another perspective;

[0041] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the material dividing block of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the movement of the push rod in the push trough of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the briquette of the present invention;

[0044] Fig. 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the push rod of the present invention;

[0045] Fig.10 It is a structural schematic diagram of the press-fit module of the present invention;

[0046] Fig.11 An exploded view of the press-fit module of the present invention;

[0047] Fig.12 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pressure head of the present invention;

[0048] Fig.13 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pre-shrinkage rod of the present invention;

[0049] Fig.14 for Fig.13 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0050] Fig.15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the pre-shrinkage block of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.16 This is a diagram showing the matching relationship between the pre-shrinkage rod and the pre-shrinkage block of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.17 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting pad of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.18 This is a schematic structural diagram of a press-fit floating module of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.19 It is a structural schematic diagram of the press-fit floating module of the present invention from another perspective;

[0055] Fig. 20 An exploded view of the floating centering seat, floating centering pin, and floating centering drive mechanism of the present invention;

[0056] Fig.21 It is a structural schematic diagram of the floating centering seat of the present invention;

[0057] Fig. 22 It is a schematic structural diagram of the elastic plunger of the present invention.

[0058] Reference numerals: base 1; frame 2; substrate 3;

[0059] Material distribution and pushing module 4; fixed plate 41; material distribution block 42; material distribution trough 421; pushing trough 422; pressing plate 423; material distribution drive mechanism 43; material column 44; limiting rib 441; first material column 442; second material column 443; pushing rod 45; pushing drive mechanism 46; pressing block 47; fixed block 48; rotating block 49;

[0060] Press-fit module 5; vertical plate 51; pre-shrinkage block 52; shrinkage block hole 521; pre-shrinkage slot 522; placement slot 523; insertion slot 524; push-in slot 525; pre-shrinkage rod 53; shrinkage rod hole 531; pre-shrinkage foot 532; plug pin 533; limit plate 534; press rod 54; guide rod 541; press head 542; guide pin 543; pre-shrinkage drive mechanism 55; limit pad 56; connection block 57; guide sleeve 58;

[0061] Press-fitted floating module 6; connecting plate 61; floating centering seat 62; pin hole 621; plug hole 622; elastic plunger 623; pin sleeve 63; floating centering pin 64; floating centering drive mechanism 65; transverse guide rail 66; longitudinal guide rail 67. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0062] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects to be solved by the present application more clearly understood, the present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0063] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides an automatic assembly mechanism for a piston pin retaining ring, comprising a base 1 and a skeleton 2, wherein the skeleton 2 is arranged on the base 1, a base plate 3 is arranged on the skeleton 2, and an automatic assembly module is arranged on the base plate 3. A plurality of automatic assembly modules can be arranged to correspond to retaining rings of different sizes.

[0064] like Fig.10 As shown, the automatic assembly module includes a press-fitting module 5, which includes a vertical plate 51. The vertical plate 51 is provided with a lifting drive mechanism, a pre-shrinking mechanism and a pressing mechanism. The pre-shrinking mechanism is slidably arranged on the vertical plate 51 through a slide rail, and the lifting drive mechanism is used to drive the pre-shrinking mechanism to move up and down along the slide rail. Fig.11 As shown, the pre-shrinkage mechanism includes a pre-shrinkage block 52, a pre-shrinkage rod 53, and a pre-shrinkage driving mechanism 55. Fig.15 As shown, the pre-shrinkage block 52 is provided with a shrinkage block hole 521, and a plurality of pre-shrinkage grooves 522 are provided on the hole wall of the shrinkage block hole 521. Three pre-shrinkage grooves 522 may be provided, and the angle between two of the three pre-shrinkage grooves 522 is 120°. A placement groove 523 is provided on the top of the shrinkage block hole 521, and the placement groove 523 is circular, as shown in FIG. Fig.13 , 14As shown in Figures 16, the pre-shrinkage rod 53 has a shrinkage rod hole 531, which is coaxially arranged with the shrinkage block hole 521. A plurality of pre-shrinkage feet 532 are arranged at the lower end of the pre-shrinkage rod 53, and the plurality of pre-shrinkage feet 532 are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pre-shrinkage grooves 522. One end of the pre-shrinkage driving mechanism 55 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the pre-shrinkage rod 53. The pre-shrinkage driving mechanism 55 is used to drive the pre-shrinkage rod 53 to be inserted into the shrinkage block hole 521, so that the retaining ring placed on the placement groove 523 is contracted to the size of the shrinkage block hole 521 under the action of the pre-shrinkage feet 532, and the pressing mechanism is used to press the shrunken retaining ring into the retaining ring groove of the piston pin hole.

[0065] It can be understood that, by providing the pre-shrink block 52 and the pre-shrink rod 53, after the snap ring is placed in the placement groove 523 of the pre-shrink block 52, the pre-shrink rod 53 is inserted into the pre-shrink block 52, and the snap ring is tightened to the size of the shrink block hole 521 by the multiple pre-shrink feet 532 of the pre-shrink rod 53, so that the shrunken snap ring is pressed into the snap ring groove of the piston pin hole by the pressing mechanism. The multiple pre-shrink feet 532 can ensure that the snap ring is tightly attached to the outer wall of the snap ring during the shrinking process, and the force is balanced. The contact surface between the pre-shrink feet 532 and the snap ring is large enough to ensure that the life of the pre-shrink feet 532 is long enough.

[0066] Furthermore, if Fig.14 As shown, the thickness of the plurality of pre-shrinking feet 532 gradually increases from the end to one end of the pre-shrinking rod 53. The inner wall of the plurality of pre-shrinking feet 532 is an arc surface, and the arc is equal to the arc of the clamping ring.

[0067] It can be understood that the thickness of the multiple pre-shrinkage feet 532 gradually increases from the end to one end of the pre-shrinkage rod 53, so that when the pre-shrinkage feet 532 are inserted into the pre-shrinkage groove 522 of the pre-shrinkage block 52, the multiple pre-shrinkage feet 532 gradually tighten the clamping ring, thereby shrinking the clamping ring. When the clamping ring shrinks to the same size as the shrinkage block hole 521, the pre-shrinkage rod 53 continues to be pushed downward, and the clamping ring will enter the shrinkage block hole 521.

[0068] Furthermore, if Fig.15 As shown, a slot 524 is formed at the top of the pre-shrink block 52, and the slot 524 is V-shaped. Fig.14 As shown, a pin 533 is provided at one end of the pre-shrinkage foot 532, and a limiting plate 534 is provided on the inner wall of the pin 533. When the pre-shrinkage rod 53 is inserted into the shrinkage block hole 521, the pin 533 is inserted into the slot 524, and the limiting plate 534 is used to clamp at the opening of the clamping ring, that is, when the clamping ring is placed on the placement groove 523, the opening of the clamping ring faces the slot 524.

[0069] It is understandable that, by providing the pin 533 and the limiting plate 534 on the pin 533 , the limiting plate 534 can be clamped at the opening of the clamping ring, thereby preventing the clamping ring from rotating in a circular direction during the contraction process.

[0070] Furthermore, if Fig.15 As shown, a push-in groove 525 is provided on one side of the top of the pre-shrinking block 52, and the snap ring enters the placement groove 523 through the push-in groove 525. The slot 524 is provided at the bottom of the push-in groove 525. A limit pad 56 is provided on the top of the pre-shrinking block 52. The limit pad 56 is used for horizontal limiting of the snap ring during the process of passing through the push-in groove 525. Fig.17 As shown, the limiting pad 56 is provided with avoidance holes corresponding to the pre-shrinking feet 532 and the plug pins 533 , and the limiting pad 56 is coaxially arranged with the pre-shrinking block 52 .

[0071] It is understandable that by providing the limiting pad 56, the clamping ring is always limited by the limiting pad 56 above during the contraction process in the placement groove 523 to prevent the clamping ring from turning over. In addition, by providing the pushing groove 525, it is convenient to push the clamping ring into the placement groove 523 without removing the limiting pad 56.

[0072] Furthermore, if Fig.11 As shown, the pressing mechanism includes a servo press and a pressing rod 54, Fig.11 The servo press is not shown in the figure, and the pressure rod 54 is slidably arranged in the shrinking rod hole 531. The servo press is used to drive the pressure rod 54 to press the shrunken snap ring into the snap ring groove of the piston pin hole. Fig.11 , 12 As shown, the pressing rod 54 includes a guide rod 541 and a pressing head 542. The upper end of the guide rod 541 is connected to the servo press, and the lower end of the guide rod 541 passes through the pre-shrinkage drive mechanism 55 and is detachably connected to the upper end of the pressing head 542, so as to facilitate the replacement of the pressing head 542. A guide pin 543 is arranged at the lower end of the pressing head 542, and the diameter of the guide pin 543 is smaller than the diameter of the compressed retaining ring, and the diameter of the pressing head 542 is consistent with the diameter of the outer edge of the compressed retaining ring.

[0073] It is understandable that by providing a guide pin 543 at one end of the pressure rod 54, the retaining ring can be inserted into the guide pin 543 and rest against the end face of the pressure rod 54, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the pressure rod 54 in pressing the retaining ring into the piston pin hole.

[0074] like Fig.11 As shown, the pre-shrinkage mechanism includes a slide plate, a connecting block 57 and a guide sleeve 58. The slide plate is slidably connected to the vertical plate through a slide rail. The connecting block 57 is coaxially fixed above the limit pad 56. The pre-shrinkage rod 53 is inserted into the connecting block 57. Fig.10 As shown, the connecting block 57 is fixedly arranged on the slide plate, and the guide sleeve 58 is coaxially fixedly arranged on the lower end surface of the pre-shrinkage block 52, and the guide sleeve 58 is used to abut against the end surface of the piston pin hole.

[0075] In some embodiments, the automatic assembly module includes a material dividing and pushing module 4, such as Figure 4As shown, the material dividing and pushing module 4 includes a fixed plate 41, a material column 44 is arranged on the fixed plate 41, and a limiting rib 441 is arranged along the axial direction of the material column 44. The limiting rib 441 is arranged on the side of the material column 44 away from the pre-shrinkage block 52. The material column 44 is used to stack the clamping ring along the axial direction of the material column 44. The material dividing block 42 and the material dividing driving mechanism 43 are slidably arranged on the fixed plate 41 through a slide rail, as shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, a material dividing groove 421 is provided at the top of the material dividing block 42, one end of the material dividing groove 421 is arc-shaped, the arc is equal to the arc of the clamping ring, the depth of the material dividing groove 421 is not greater than the thickness of the clamping ring, and a material pushing groove 422 is provided at the bottom of the material dividing groove 421. Figure 5 As shown, the bottom of the material column 44 fits with the top of the material dividing block 42, so that the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column 44 can fall into the material dividing groove 421. The material dividing driving mechanism 43 is used to drive the material dividing block 42, and use the groove wall of the material dividing groove 421 to push the clamping ring forward, so that the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column 44 is separated from the material column 44. Figure 7 As shown, the material dividing and pushing module 4 includes a pushing driving mechanism 46 and a pushing rod 45. The pushing rod 45 is slidably arranged in the pushing groove 422. The pushing driving mechanism 46 is used to drive the pushing rod 45 to push the clamping ring separated from the material column 44 into the placement groove 523 of the pre-shrinking block 52, as shown in FIG. Figure 3 shown.

[0076] It can be understood that by setting up the dividing block 42 and the pushing rod 45, the dividing block 42 uses the dividing groove 421 to push the clamping ring to separate from the material column 44, and then uses the pushing rod 45 to continue pushing the clamping ring into the placement groove 523 of the pre-shrinkage block 52 along the dividing groove 421, thereby ensuring the flatness and angle stability of the clamping ring during the dividing and pushing process.

[0077] Furthermore, if Figure 5 , 8 As shown, a pressing block 47 is disposed on the fixed plate 41, and the pressing block 47 is in an inverted L shape. One side of the pressing block 47 is arranged above the material distribution groove 421, and the pressing block 47 is arranged close to the material column 44. The pressing block 47 is used to limit the position of the snap ring when the material distribution groove 421 pushes the snap ring, so that when the groove wall of the material distribution groove 421 starts to push the snap ring forward, the snap ring enters the range of the pressing block 47, thereby limiting the snap ring. Figure 6 As shown, a pressing plate 423 is provided on the material dividing block 42, one end of the pressing plate 423 extends to the end of the material pushing groove 422 close to the pre-shrinking block 52, and the pressing plate 423 is used to limit the clamping ring during the process of the clamping ring being pushed by the material pushing rod 45. By providing the pressing block 47 and the pressing plate 423, it is ensured that the clamping ring will not flip during the material dividing and pushing process.

[0078] Furthermore, if Figure 8As shown, a separation detection mechanism is provided at one end of the pressing block 47 away from the material column 44. The separation detection mechanism is arranged on the side of the pressing block 47 close to the dividing block 42. The separation detection mechanism is used to detect whether the clamping ring is separated from the material column 44, so as to facilitate the controller to control the pushing drive mechanism 46 to push the material.

[0079] Furthermore, if Figure 5 As shown, a fixed block 48 and a rotating block 49 are provided on the fixed plate 41, and the fixed block 48 and the rotating block 49 are respectively arranged on both sides of the dividing block 42, one end of the rotating block 49 is rotatably connected to the fixed plate 41, and the other end of the rotating block 49 spans the dividing block 42 and is detachably connected to the fixed block 48, and the material column 44 includes a first material column 442 and a second material column 443, the first material column 442 and the second material column 443 are detachably connected, and the first material column 442 is fixedly arranged on the rotating block 49.

[0080] It can be understood that by dividing the material column 44 into the first material column 442 and the second material column 443, the first material column 442 is fixedly arranged on the rotating block 49. When the material is stuck, the second material column 443 and the clamping ring thereon can be disassembled, the connection between the rotating block 49 and the fixed block 48 is released, and the clamping ring on the first material column 442 that is stuck can be taken out by rotating the rotating block 49, so as to quickly resume production. The length of the second material column 443 should be much greater than the length of the first material column 442.

[0081] Furthermore, if Fig. 9 As shown, the cross-sections of the push rod 45 and the push groove 422 are inverted triangles, and the front end of the push rod 45 is provided with an arc push surface.

[0082] It can be understood that the cross-sections of the push rod 45 and the push groove 422 are both inverted triangles. The push rod 45 has good rigidity and high movement accuracy after being fitted with the triangular push groove 422. In addition, a circular arc pushing surface is provided at the front end of the push rod 45, and the circular arc surface is used to push the retaining ring to prevent it from rotating in the annular direction. Compared with the push piece in the prior art, the triangular push rod 45 is not easy to be stuck due to scratching with other parts due to deformation, and can withstand greater thrust.

[0083] In some embodiments, the automatic assembly module includes a press-fit floating module 6, such as Fig.18 As shown, the press-fit floating module 6 includes a connecting plate 61 and a floating centering seat 62. The floating centering seat 62 is fixedly arranged on the base plate 3. Fig.21 As shown, a pin hole 621 is provided in the floating centering seat 62, and a plurality of plug holes 622 are evenly provided on the hole wall of the pin hole 621. The plurality of plug holes 622 are symmetrically arranged in pairs, and an elastic plunger 623 is provided in the plug hole 622. Fig. 22 As shown. A plurality of connecting plates 61 are provided, and the connecting plates 61 are vertically connected to the vertical plates 51, as shown Fig. 20As shown, a pin sleeve 63 is provided on the connecting plate 61, and a floating centering pin 64 is slidably provided in the pin sleeve 63. A gap is provided between the floating centering pin 64 and the hole wall of the pin hole 621. A floating centering drive mechanism 65 is provided on the top of the pin sleeve 63. The floating centering drive mechanism 65 is used to control the depth of the floating centering pin 64 inserted into the pin hole 621. When the floating centering pin 64 is inserted into the pin hole 621 to a certain depth, the elastic plunger 623 abuts against the side of the floating centering pin 64.

[0084] It can be understood that by setting the elastic plunger 623, when dividing and pushing the materials, the elastic plunger 623 can be used to fix the floating centering pin 64 to ensure the position accuracy of dividing and pushing the materials. When the retaining ring is pressed into the piston pin hole, the fixation of the floating centering pin 64 by the elastic plunger 623 is cancelled, that is, the insertion depth of the floating centering pin 64 is reduced, so that the elastic plunger 623 cannot act on the floating centering pin 64. Since there is a gap between the floating centering pin 64 and the pin hole 621, even if there is a certain error between the pressure rod 54 and the piston pin hole, it can be ensured that the entire press-fitting module 5 can adapt to the piston, and the retaining ring can slide smoothly into the piston pin hole. That is to say, even if there is a certain error between the pressure head 542 of the pressure rod 54 and the piston pin hole, there is a gap between the floating centering pin 64 and the pin hole 621. During the process of inserting the pressure head 542 of the pressure rod 54 into the piston pin hole, the entire press-fitting module 5 can be slightly displaced, so that the pressure head 542 of the pressure rod 54 can just be inserted into the piston pin hole.

[0085] Furthermore, a transverse guide rail 66 and a longitudinal guide rail 67 are provided on the base, the transverse guide rail 66 is slidably provided on the longitudinal guide rail 67 , and the connecting plate 61 is fixedly provided on the transverse guide rail 66 .

[0086] The above-mentioned material distribution drive mechanism 43, material pushing drive mechanism 46, pre-shrinkage drive mechanism 55, and floating centering drive mechanism 65 all adopt cylinders.

[0087] The present invention also provides a piston pin retaining ring assembly method, comprising:

[0088] The material distribution drive mechanism 43 drives the material distribution block 42 to push the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column 44, so that the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column 44 is separated from the material column 44, and the material distribution drive mechanism 43 drives the material distribution block 42 to fit with the pre-shrinking block 52;

[0089] When the separation detection mechanism detects that the material separation is completed, the controller sends a command to the material pushing drive mechanism 46, and the material pushing drive mechanism 46 drives the material pushing rod 45 to continue pushing the clamping ring along the material separation groove 421 to the placement groove 523 of the pre-shrinkage block 52;

[0090] After the detection position detection mechanism of the press-fitting module 5 detects that the snap ring enters the placement groove 523, the controller sends a command to the lifting drive mechanism, and the lifting drive mechanism drives the pre-shrinking mechanism so that the bottom surface of the pre-shrinking mechanism is close to the end surface of the piston pin hole;

[0091] The controller sends a command to the pre-shrinkage driving mechanism 55, and the pre-shrinkage driving mechanism 55 drives the pre-shrinkage rod 53 to pre-shrink the clamping ring;

[0092] The controller sends a command to the servo press, and the servo press drives the pressing rod 54 to press the snap ring into the snap ring groove of the piston pin hole.

[0093] The embodiments described above are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, a person skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. Such modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base plate (3) and an automatic assembly module, wherein the automatic assembly module is arranged on the base plate (3), the automatic assembly module comprises a press-fitting module (5), the press-fitting module (5) comprises a vertical plate (51), a pre-shrinking mechanism and a press-in mechanism are arranged on the vertical plate (51), the pre-shrinking mechanism comprises a pre-shrinking block (52), a pre-shrinking rod (53), and a pre-shrinking driving mechanism (55), the pre-shrinking block (52) is provided with a shrinking block hole (521), a plurality of pre-shrinking grooves (522) are arranged on the hole wall of the shrinking block hole (521), a placement groove (523) is arranged on the top of the shrinking block hole (521), the pre-shrinking rod (53) a shrinkage rod hole (531) is provided, the shrinkage rod hole (531) is coaxially arranged with the shrinkage block hole (521), a plurality of pre-shrinkage feet (532) are arranged at one end of the pre-shrinkage rod (53), the plurality of pre-shrinkage feet (532) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the plurality of pre-shrinkage grooves (522), the pre-shrinkage driving mechanism (55) is used to drive the pre-shrinkage rod (53) to be inserted into the shrinkage block hole (521), so that the retaining ring placed on the placement groove (523) is shrunk to the size of the shrinkage block hole (521) under the action of the pre-shrinkage feet (532), and the pressing mechanism is used to press the shrunk retaining ring into the retaining ring groove of the piston pin hole.

2. The piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the plurality of pre-shrinkage feet (532) gradually increases from the end toward one end of the pre-shrinkage rod (53).

3. The piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: A slot (524) is provided at the top of the pre-shrinkage block (52); a plug pin (533) is provided at one end of the pre-shrinkage foot (532); a limit plate (534) is provided on the inner wall of the plug pin (533); when the pre-shrinkage rod (53) is inserted into the shrinkage block hole (521), the plug pin (533) is inserted into the slot (524); and the limit plate (534) is used to clamp at the opening of the clamping ring.

4. The piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: A push-in groove (525) is provided on one side of the top of the pre-shrinkage block (52), and the snap ring enters the placement groove (523) through the push-in groove (525). A limit pad (56) is provided on the top of the pre-shrinkage block (52), and the limit pad (56) is used for horizontally limiting the snap ring in the process of passing through the push-in groove (525). The limit pad (56) is provided with avoidance holes corresponding to the pre-shrinkage foot (532) and the plug pin (533).

5. The piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressing mechanism includes a servo press and a pressing rod (54), wherein the pressing rod (54) is slidably arranged in the shrinking rod hole (531), and the servo press is used to drive the pressing rod (54) to press the shrunken retaining ring into the retaining ring groove of the piston pin hole. A guide pin (543) is arranged at one end of the pressing rod (54), and the diameter of the guide pin (543) is smaller than the diameter of the compressed retaining ring. The diameter of the pressing rod (54) is consistent with the diameter of the outer edge of the compressed retaining ring.

6. The piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The automatic assembly module comprises a material dividing and pushing module (4), the material dividing and pushing module (4) comprises a fixed plate (41), a material column (44) is arranged on the fixed plate (41), a limiting rib (441) is arranged on the material column (44) along the axial direction, the limiting rib (441) is arranged on the side of the material column (44) away from the pre-shrinkage block (52), the material column (44) is used to stack the clamping ring along the axial direction of the material column (44), a material dividing block (42) and a material dividing driving mechanism (43) are slidably arranged on the fixed plate (41), a material dividing groove (421) is provided on the top of the material dividing block (42), the depth of the material dividing groove (421) is not greater than the thickness of the clamping ring, and a pushing groove (43) is provided at the bottom of the material dividing groove (421). 22), the bottom of the material column (44) is flush with the top of the material dividing block (42), so that the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column (44) can fall into the material dividing groove (421), the material dividing driving mechanism (43) is used to drive the material dividing block (42), and use the groove wall of the material dividing groove (421) to push the clamping ring forward, so that the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column (44) is separated from the material column (44), and the material dividing pushing module (4) includes a pushing driving mechanism (46) and a pushing rod (45), the pushing rod (45) is slidably arranged in the pushing groove (422), and the pushing driving mechanism (46) is used to drive the pushing rod (45) to push the clamping ring separated from the material column (44) into the placement groove (523) of the pre-shrinking block (52).

7. The piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: A pressure block (47) is arranged on the fixed plate (41), one side of the pressure block (47) is arranged above the material distribution groove (421), and the pressure block (47) is arranged close to the material column (44). The pressure block (47) is used to limit the position of the retaining ring when the material distribution groove (421) pushes the retaining ring. A pressure plate (423) is arranged on the material distribution block (42), one end of the pressure plate (423) extends to one end of the pushing groove (422) close to the pre-shrinkage block (52), and the pressure plate (423) is used to limit the position of the retaining ring when the pushing rod (45) pushes the retaining ring.

8. The piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism according to claim 6, characterized in that: A fixed block (48) and a rotating block (49) are provided on the fixed plate (41), and the fixed block (48) and the rotating block (49) are respectively arranged on both sides of the material distribution block (42), one end of the rotating block (49) is rotatably connected to the fixed plate (41), and the other end of the rotating block (49) spans the material distribution block (42) and is detachably connected to the fixed block (48), and the material column (44) includes a first material column (442) and a second material column (443), the first material column (442) and the second material column (443) are detachably connected, and the first material column (442) is fixedly provided on the rotating block (49).

9. The piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The automatic assembly module comprises a press-fit floating module (6), the press-fit floating module (6) comprises a connecting plate (61) and a floating centering seat (62), the floating centering seat (62) is fixedly arranged on a base plate (3), a pin hole (621) is arranged in the floating centering seat (62), a plurality of plug holes (622) are arranged on the hole wall of the pin hole (621), an elastic plunger (623) is arranged in the plug hole (622), the connecting plate (61) is connected to the vertical plate (51), and a pin sleeve is arranged on the connecting plate (61) (63), a floating centering pin (64) is slidably arranged in the pin sleeve (63), a gap is arranged between the floating centering pin (64) and the hole wall of the pin hole (621), a floating centering drive mechanism (65) is arranged on the top of the pin sleeve (63), and the floating centering drive mechanism (65) is used to control the depth of the floating centering pin (64) inserted into the pin hole (621), when the floating centering pin (64) is inserted into the pin hole (621) to a certain depth, the elastic plunger (623) abuts against the side of the floating centering pin (64).

10. A piston pin retaining ring assembly method of a piston pin retaining ring automatic assembly mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The material distribution drive mechanism (43) drives the material distribution block (42) to push the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column (44), so that the clamping ring at the bottom of the material column (44) is separated from the material column (44), and the material distribution drive mechanism (43) drives the material distribution block (42) to fit with the pre-shrinkage block (52); When the separation detection mechanism detects that the material separation is completed, the controller sends a command to the material pushing drive mechanism (46), and the material pushing drive mechanism (46) drives the material pushing rod (45) to continue pushing the clamping ring along the material separation groove (421) to the placement groove (523) of the pre-shrinkage block (52); After the detection position detection mechanism of the press-fitting module (5) detects that the snap ring enters the placement groove (523), the controller sends a command to the lifting drive mechanism, and the lifting drive mechanism drives the pre-shrinking mechanism so that the bottom surface of the pre-shrinking mechanism is closely attached to the end surface of the piston pin hole; The controller sends a command to the pre-shrinkage driving mechanism (55), and the pre-shrinkage driving mechanism (55) drives the pre-shrinkage rod (53) to pre-shrink the clamping ring; The controller sends a command to the servo press, and the servo press drives a pressing rod (54) to press the snap ring into the snap ring groove of the piston pin hole.

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