Artificial seawater suitable for prawn culture and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of artificial seawater, in particular to artificial seawater suitable for prawn culture and a preparation method of the artificial seawater. Adding sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, boric acid and trace element premix in proportion, and fully dissolving; adding disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate into the water distribution tank, carrying out aeration treatment, and standing; supernate in the water distribution tank is transferred into the circulating culture pond; adding calcium gluconate and vitamins into the circulating culture pond, and dissolving to obtain the artificial seawater. The trace element premix, the calcium gluconate and the vitamin D3 are also added into the artificial seawater, so that various mineral elements and trace elements required by growth and development of the penaeus vannamei boone can be met, the penaeus vannamei boone can be smoothly unshelled and quickly hardened in a penaeus vannamei boone culture process, and particularly, when young penaeus vannamei boone just arrives at a factory, the young penaeus vannamei boone can be prevented from being damaged. A large amount of loss caused by stress of the young prawns can be well reduced, and the survival rate of the prawns is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of artificial seawater, in particular to artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The white shrimp is a tropical shrimp with wide temperature and salt tolerance, native to the South American waters. Since the 1990s, it has been gradually promoted in coastal areas of China. It has become the main farmed shrimp species in my country and is gradually being farmed in freshwater in inland areas. However, there are problems such as low survival rate, slow growth rate, and low yield. Especially in the middle and late stages of farming, it is easy to have shelling failure and soft shells. This is largely due to the lack of mineral elements in freshwater that are necessary for the growth of white shrimp.

[0003] Industrial recirculating aquaculture is a modern method of farming Penaeus vannamei, which is characterized by high input and high output. The farming equipment and facilities are more complex than the traditional farming model, and the farming density is higher and the yield is higher. At the same time, the demand for mineral elements in the farming water of Penaeus vannamei is also greater. However, the artificial seawater formula of products such as Sea Crystal on the market is difficult to meet the demand for mineral elements when high-density farming of Penaeus vannamei. Based on this, an artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming and its preparation method are proposed. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to address the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides an artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming and a preparation method thereof, which can meet the various mineral elements and trace elements required for the growth and development of white shrimp, contribute to the healthy growth of shrimp, and increase the survival rate of shrimp.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming, comprising the following raw materials, sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, boric acid, trace element premix, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, calcium gluconate, vitamins, and fresh water.

[0006] Preferably, fresh water is used as the water body, and the added concentrations of the raw materials are: sodium chloride 9-10 g / L, magnesium sulfate 3-3.5 g / L, magnesium chloride hexahydrate 2-2.5 g / L, calcium chloride 1-1.5 g / L, potassium chloride 0.5-1 g / L, sodium bicarbonate 0.1-0.2 g / L, boric acid 0.02-0.05 g / L, trace element premix 0.01-0.1 g / L, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 0.1-0.2 g / L, calcium gluconate 1-5 mg / L, and vitamins 0.01-0.05 mg / L.

[0007] Preferably, the trace element premix is ​​selected from sodium bromide, lithium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, strontium chloride, cobalt chloride and rare earth. Rare earth mainly includes trace elements such as lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium and neodymium.

[0008] Preferably, the mass ratio of sodium bromide, lithium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, strontium chloride, cobalt chloride and rare earth is (1-5): (0.1-0.5): (0.5-3): (0.1-0.2): (0.1-0.5): (0.1-0.2): (1-10).

[0009] Preferably, the vitamin is selected from vitamin D2 and vitamin D3.

[0010] The present invention also provides a method for preparing artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming, comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) Pour fresh water into the water distribution tank and aerate it in the sun;

[0012] (2) adding sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, boric acid and trace element premix in proportion, and aerating to fully dissolve them;

[0013] (3) adding disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate to the water distribution tank to chelate heavy metals in the water, aerating the water and allowing the water to stand;

[0014] (4) transferring the supernatant in the water distribution tank to the circulating aquaculture tank;

[0015] (5) Add calcium gluconate and vitamins into the circulating aquaculture pond and produce artificial seawater after aeration and dissolution.

[0016] Preferably, in step (1), the aeration treatment is performed for more than 4 hours; and in step (3), the aeration treatment is performed for 12 hours and then left to stand for 24 hours.

[0017] Preferably, in step (5), the calcium gluconate and vitamins are added into the circulating culture pond 1 hour before stocking the shrimp.

[0018] The present invention provides an artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming and a preparation method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art:

[0019] The present invention also adds trace element premix, calcium gluconate and vitamin D3 to artificial seawater, which can meet the various mineral elements and trace elements required for the growth and development of white shrimp. In the process of shrimp farming, the shrimp can be shelled smoothly and hardened quickly, especially when the shrimp fry just arrives at the factory, it can well reduce the large amount of loss caused by shrimp fry stress and increase the survival rate of the shrimp. The rare earth contains lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium and other trace elements and rare minerals, and has extremely low solubility, which can provide the required trace elements for the growth of shrimp, especially the synthesis of shrimp shells for a long time. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The following examples are used to explain the implementation methods of the present application in detail, so that the implementation process of how the present application uses technical means to solve technical problems and achieve technical effects can be fully understood and implemented accordingly.

[0021] Example 1

[0022] The invention discloses artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming. The artificial seawater takes fresh water as a water body and is added with raw materials of the following concentrations: 10 g / L sodium chloride, 3 g / L magnesium sulfate, 2.5 g / L magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 1 / L calcium chloride, 1 g / L potassium chloride, 0.1 g / L sodium bicarbonate, 0.05 g / L boric acid, 0.01 g / L trace element premix, 0.2 g / L disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1 mg / L calcium gluconate, and 0.05 mg / L vitamin D2.

[0023] The trace element premix is ​​composed of sodium bromide, lithium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, strontium chloride, cobalt chloride and rare earth in a mass ratio of 1:0.5:0.5:0.2:0.1:0.2:1.

[0024] The method for preparing the artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming comprises the following steps:

[0025] (1) Pour fresh water into the water distribution tank and aerate it in the sun for more than 4 hours;

[0026] (2) adding sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, boric acid and trace element premix in proportion, and aerating to fully dissolve them;

[0027] (3) Add disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate to the water distribution tank to chelate heavy metals in the water, aerate for 12 h and allow to stand for 24 h;

[0028] (4) transferring the supernatant in the water distribution tank to the circulating aquaculture tank;

[0029] (5) One hour before stocking the shrimp, add calcium gluconate and vitamins into the circulating culture pond and, after dissolution through aeration, produce artificial seawater.

[0030] Example 2

[0031] The invention discloses artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming. The artificial seawater takes fresh water as a water body and is added with raw materials of the following concentrations: 9 g / L sodium chloride, 3.5 g / L magnesium sulfate, 2 g / L magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 1.5 g / L calcium chloride, 0.5 g / L potassium chloride, 0.2 g / L sodium bicarbonate, 0.02 g / L boric acid, 0.1 g / L trace element premix, 0.1 g / L disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 5 mg / L calcium gluconate, and 0.01 mg / L vitamin D3.

[0032] The trace element premix is ​​composed of sodium bromide, lithium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, strontium chloride, cobalt chloride and rare earth in a mass ratio of 5:0.1:3:0.1:0.5:0.1:10.

[0033] The method for preparing the artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming comprises the following steps:

[0034] (1) Pour fresh water into the water distribution tank and aerate it in the sun for more than 4 hours;

[0035] (2) adding sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, boric acid and trace element premix in proportion, and aerating to fully dissolve them;

[0036] (3) Add disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate to the water distribution tank to chelate heavy metals in the water, aerate for 12 h and allow to stand for 24 h;

[0037] (4) transferring the supernatant in the water distribution tank to the circulating aquaculture tank;

[0038] (5) One hour before stocking the shrimp, add calcium gluconate and vitamins into the circulating culture pond and, after dissolution through aeration, produce artificial seawater.

[0039] Example 3

[0040] The invention discloses artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming. The artificial seawater takes fresh water as a water body and is added with raw materials of the following concentrations: 9.5 g / L sodium chloride, 3.2 g / L magnesium sulfate, 2.3 g / L magnesium chloride hexahydrate, 1.4 g / L calcium chloride, 0.7 g / L potassium chloride, 0.15 g / L sodium bicarbonate, 0.03 g / L boric acid, 0.05 g / L trace element premix, 0.15 g / L disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 3 mg / L calcium gluconate and 0.02 mg / L vitamin D3.

[0041] The trace element premix is ​​composed of sodium bromide, lithium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, strontium chloride, cobalt chloride and rare earth in a mass ratio of 2.5:0.3:2:0.15:0.3:0.15:5.

[0042] The method for preparing the artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming comprises the following steps:

[0043] (1) Pour fresh water into the water distribution tank and aerate it in the sun for more than 4 hours;

[0044] (2) adding sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, boric acid and trace element premix in proportion, and aerating to fully dissolve them;

[0045] (3) Add disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate to the water distribution tank to chelate heavy metals in the water, aerate for 12 h and allow to stand for 24 h;

[0046] (4) transferring the supernatant in the water distribution tank to the circulating aquaculture tank;

[0047] (5) One hour before stocking the shrimp, add calcium gluconate and vitamins into the circulating culture pond and, after dissolution through aeration, produce artificial seawater.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] The method is basically the same as Example 3, except that no trace element premix is ​​added.

[0050] Comparative Example 2

[0051] It is basically the same as Example 3, except that the trace element premix consists of sodium bromide, lithium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, strontium chloride and cobalt chloride in a mass ratio of 2.5:0.3:2:0.15:0.3:0.15.

[0052] Comparative Example 3

[0053] The method is substantially the same as Example 3, except that calcium gluconate is not added.

[0054] Comparative Example 4

[0055] Basically the same as Example 3, except that vitamin D3 is not added.

[0056] Artificial seawater aquaculture

[0057] 1. The artificial seawater in Example 1-3 and Comparative Example 1-2 was used as aquaculture water, and white shrimp fry were used as aquaculture objects. The specific results are shown in the following table.

[0058] Table 1 Breeding results

[0059]

[0060]

[0061] From the above table we can know:

[0062] (1) Compared with Example 3, the artificial seawater in Comparative Example 1 was not added with trace element premix, which affected the weight and survival rate of Penaeus vannamei, especially the survival rate.

[0063] (2) Compared with Example 3, the trace element premix used in the artificial seawater in Comparative Example 2 did not contain rare earth, which resulted in a decrease in the weight and survival rate of Penaeus vannamei.

[0064] (3) Compared with Example 3, the artificial seawater in Comparative Examples 3 and 4 affected the weight and survival rate of Penaeus vannamei because calcium gluconate / vitamin D3 was not added.

[0065] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming, characterized in that: The raw materials include: sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, boric acid, trace element premix, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, calcium gluconate, vitamins, and fresh water.

2. The artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming according to claim 1, characterized in that: Taking fresh water as the water body, the added concentrations of the raw materials are: sodium chloride 9-10g / L, magnesium sulfate 3-3.5g / L, magnesium chloride hexahydrate 2-2.5g / L, calcium chloride 1-1.5g / L, potassium chloride 0.5-1g / L, sodium bicarbonate 0.1-0.2g / L, boric acid 0.02-0.05g / L, trace element premix 0.01-0.1g / L, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid 0.1-0.2g / L, calcium gluconate 1-5mg / L, and vitamins 0.01-0.05mg / L.

3. The artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trace element premix is ​​selected from sodium bromide, lithium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, strontium chloride, cobalt chloride and rare earth.

4. The artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming according to claim 3, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the sodium bromide, lithium nitrate, ferrous sulfate, manganese chloride, strontium chloride, cobalt chloride and rare earth is (1-5): (0.1-0.5): (0.5-3): (0.1-0.2): (0.1-0.5): (0.1-0.2): (1-10).

5. The artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vitamins are selected from vitamin D2 and vitamin D3.

6. The method for preparing artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Pour fresh water into the water distribution tank and aerate it in the sun; (2) adding sodium chloride, magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride hexahydrate, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, sodium bicarbonate, boric acid and trace element premix in proportion, and aerating to fully dissolve them; (3) adding disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate to the water distribution tank to chelate heavy metals in the water, aerating the water and allowing the water to stand; (4) transferring the supernatant in the water distribution tank to the circulating aquaculture tank; (5) Add calcium gluconate and vitamins into the circulating aquaculture pond and produce artificial seawater after aeration and dissolution.

7. The method for preparing artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (1), the aeration treatment is performed for more than 4 hours; in step (3), the aeration treatment is performed for 12 hours and then allowed to stand for 24 hours.

8. The method for preparing artificial seawater suitable for shrimp farming according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (5), the calcium gluconate and vitamins are added into the circulating culture pond 1 hour before the shrimp are stocked.

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