Two-dimensional polymer brush with gamma-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as main chain

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of polysaccharide polymer material preparation, and discloses a two-dimensional polymer brush taking a gamma-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as a main chain, and a preparation method of the two-dimensional polymer brush comprises the following steps: taking the gamma-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as a raw material, and carrying out surface functionalization reaction to obtain the gamma-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous polymer brush. Then, carrying out polymerization reaction on the gamma-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer and an ionic monomer, so as to obtain the two-dimensional polymer brush taking the gamma-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as a main chain. The two-dimensional polymer brush prepared by the invention has the advantages of good dispersibility, good uniformity, customizable hydrophilic and hydrophobic properties, good biocompatibility, full contact with biological tissues and the like, retains the host-guest chemical properties of cyclodextrin, and can be applied to antibiosis or protein adsorption.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of polysaccharide polymer materials, and in particular relates to a two-dimensional polymer brush with a gamma-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain. Background Art

[0002] Modifying the surface of two-dimensional materials with polymer chains through covalent or non-covalent bonds has become an effective method to change their chemical and physical properties. The substrates currently studied for the modification of the surface of two-dimensional materials to form polymer brushes are mainly inorganic two-dimensional materials (graphene, hexagonal boron nitride and antimonene, etc.). However, the long-term potential toxicity of inorganic two-dimensional materials in the body limits their application in biomedicine, biosensing and bioimaging. For the modification of organic two-dimensional materials (such as COF polymer nanosheets and two-dimensional nanomaterials composed of sequences derived from DNA / RNA, proteins, and peptoids), the main methods are small molecules, coordinated metal atoms, nanoparticles, macrocyclic molecules, etc., and the research on the modification using polymer chains is limited. Therefore, how to rationally design the constituent units and polymerize them to obtain organic two-dimensional polymer materials that can be grafted with polymer chains is still a challenge.

[0003] The covalent bonding of one-dimensional brush polymers often involves various controlled living radical polymerization processes, such as reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization, atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), anionic polymerization, ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) and cationic polymerization, so it becomes feasible to graft long chains of polymers on different carriers. Compared with macro gels, microgels have obvious advantages in interacting with biomolecules, cells, and soft tissues due to their high surface area to volume ratio and injectability. Modifying the grafted polymer chains on the surface of microgels and studying their interfacial properties, such as hydration, adhesion, and friction, have great guiding significance for applications in the fields of antibacterial, drug carriers, and biomedicine. Compared with spherical particle microgels, two-dimensional materials have a larger surface area to volume ratio, so it is of great value to synthesize two-dimensional brush polymers to study their interfacial properties and develop subsequent applications. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to address the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art (such as the long-term latent toxicity of inorganic two-dimensional materials in the body, the limited modifiability of organic two-dimensional materials and the inability to modify them uniformly and at high density, etc.), and to provide a method for preparing a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain, so that the brush has the characteristics of high modification density, good biocompatibility and sufficient contact with biological tissues, so that it can be applied to the fields of biomedicine, medical coatings, etc.

[0005] In order to solve the technical problem, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The method for preparing a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain is characterized in that: using the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as a raw material, performing a surface functionalization reaction to obtain a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer with a modified initiating group, and then performing a polymerization reaction with an ionic monomer to obtain a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain. Specifically, the method comprises the following steps: Step 1, using a mixture of at least one of acetone, chloroform, toluene, acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamide as a reaction solvent, adding a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer, a molecule containing an initiating group and a first catalyst, and reacting after ultrasonic dispersion. The obtained product is centrifuged, washed and freeze-dried to obtain a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with an initiating group; Step 2: Using a mixture of at least one of ethanol, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide with water and methanol as a reaction solvent, add the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer with modified initiating groups obtained in step 1, and add an ionic monomer, a second catalyst and a third catalyst, and perform a polymerization reaction after ultrasonic dispersion. The obtained product is centrifuged, washed and freeze-dried to obtain a two-dimensional polymer brush with the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain.

[0006] Furthermore, in step 1, the molecule containing the initiating group is at least one of dopamine, 4-bromostyrene, succinic anhydride, acetic anhydride, 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide, acryloyl chloride and 2-chloroisobutyryl chloride, and the molecule containing the initiating group and the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer are added in a mass ratio of 1 to 40:1.

[0007] Furthermore, the ionic monomer is at least one of an anionic monomer (acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, sodium styrene sulfonate), a cationic monomer (methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, acryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride) and a zwitterionic monomer (2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine, 3-[N,N-dimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]ammonium]propane-1-sulfonic acid inner salt); the ionic monomer and the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with the initiating group are added in a mass ratio of 1 to 100:1.

[0008] Furthermore, in step 1, the reaction temperature of the molecule containing the initiating group and the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer is -10 to 50° C., and the reaction time is 0.5 to 5 days.

[0009] Furthermore, the polymerization reaction temperature of the ionic monomer and the modified initiating group γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer is 30-90° C., and the reaction time is 0.5-7 days.

[0010] Further: in step 1, the first catalyst is at least one of triethylamine and 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and the mass ratio of the first catalyst to the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer is 0.01~1:1; in step 2, the second catalyst is at least one of ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, cuprous chloride, cupric chloride, cuprous bromide, and cupric bromide, and the mass ratio of the second catalyst to the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with the initiating group is 0.01~1:1; the third catalyst is at least one of tris(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amine, 2,2'-bipyridine and 4,4'-bipyridine, and the mass ratio of the third catalyst to the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with the initiating group is 0.01~1:1.

[0011] Further: in step 1, dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamide account for 20%~80% and 20%~60% of the total volume of the reaction solvent, respectively; in step 2, water and methanol account for 20%~80% and 20%~70% of the total volume of the reaction solvent, respectively.

[0012] The present invention uses γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the sheet-like main chain, and both the upper and lower surfaces can undergo surface functionalization reactions to form initiation active sites on the upper and lower surfaces of the main chain. Then, through polymerization reactions, a large number of polymer long chains are formed at the initiation active sites to obtain a two-dimensional polymer brush.

[0013] The present invention further provides the following applications of a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain: Application 1: Two-dimensional polymer brushes formed by polymerization of cationic monomers can be used for antibacterial purposes.

[0014] Application 2: Two-dimensional polymer brushes formed by polymerization of anionic monomers, cationic monomers or zwitterionic monomers can be used for protein adsorption.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. Compared with inorganic two-dimensional main chains such as graphene, the two-dimensional polymer brush prepared by the present invention with γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain uses a cyclodextrin polymer with a high biocompatibility and two-dimensional morphology structure as the sheet-like main chain, which can effectively avoid its long-term latent toxicity in the body.

[0016] 2. Compared with organic two-dimensional nanomaterials such as COF, the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer used in the present invention has a high degree of modification, and a large number of polymer chains can be grafted on the surface at a high density, making full use of the large surface area of ​​the two-dimensional material to fully contact with biological tissues, cells, etc., showing good antibacterial effects and protein adsorption effects, which fully proves its application value in the fields of biomedicine and medical coatings.

[0017] 3. The preparation method of the present invention has the advantages of simple steps and low cost. The prepared two-dimensional polymer brush has the advantages of good dispersibility, good uniformity, customizable hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity, good biocompatibility, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the 2D-CD-POPs-In prepared in Example 1 ( Figure 1 (a) in the figure), atomic force microscopy image ( Figure 1 (b)) and thickness curve ( Figure 1 (c) in the above); Figure 2 IR spectra of 2D-CD-POPs and 2D-CD-POPs-In in Example 1; Figure 3 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the 2D-CD-POPs-PSSNa prepared in Example 1 ( Figure 3 (a) in the figure), atomic force microscopy image ( Figure 3 (b)) and thickness curve ( Figure 3 (c) in the above); Figure 4 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC prepared in Example 2 ( Figure 4 (a) in the figure), atomic force microscopy image ( Figure 4 (b)) and thickness curve ( Figure 4 (c) in the above); Figure 5 This is a scanning electron microscopy image of the 2D-CD-POPs-PSBMA prepared in Example 3 ( Figure 5 (a) in the figure), atomic force microscopy image ( Figure 5 (b)) and thickness curve ( Figure 5 (c) in the above); Figure 6 The infrared spectra of the two-dimensional polymer brushes prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3; Figure 7Zeta potential diagrams of the two-dimensional polymer brushes prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3, where (a), (b), and (c) correspond to samples 2D-CD-POPs-PSSNa, 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC, and 2D-CD-POPs-PSBMA, respectively; Figure 8 The water contact angle test diagrams of the two-dimensional polymer brushes prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3, wherein (a), (b), and (c) correspond to samples 2D-CD-POPs-PSSNa, 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC, and 2D-CD-POPs-PSBMA, respectively; Fig. 9 (a) and (b) are the results of coating the plates with 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC and sterile water in Example 4. Fig. 9 (c) in the figure is the colony counting result; Fig.10 This is a comparison chart of the protein adsorption amount of each two-dimensional polymer brush in Example 5. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0020] 1. Preparation of two-dimensional polymer brushes with γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain The γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer (2D-CD-POPs) used in the following examples is prepared by referring to the process method in Example 3 of the specification of patent CN116284507 A, and has a size of 10-20 μm and a thickness of 20 nm.

[0021] Example 1 In this example, the two-dimensional polymer brush with γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain was prepared according to the following steps: Step 1, 0.1 g of 2D-CD-POPs was dispersed in 10 mL of reaction solvent (mixed by acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamide in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1), 0.5 g of 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide, 0.3 g of dopamine and 0.05 g of triethylamine were added, and after ultrasonic dispersion, the mixture was reacted at 30°C for 24 h. The obtained product was centrifuged, washed with acetone and water in sequence, and freeze-dried to obtain a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with an initiating group (denoted as 2D-CD-POPs-In) for use. The scanning electron microscope image, atomic force microscope image and thickness curve are shown in FIG. Figure 1 As shown in (a), (b), and (c), it can be seen that 2D-CD-POPs-In still maintains a two-dimensional flake morphology with a size of 10-20 μm and a thickness of 20 nm. The infrared spectra of 2D-CD-POPs and 2D-CD-POPs-In are shown in Figure 2 As shown in the figure, it can be seen that 1736cm -1 An obvious strong peak appears nearby, indicating that the active site of the initiator containing a carbonyl group C=O is successfully modified.

[0022] Step 2, disperse 0.1g of 2D-CD-POPs-In in 10mL of reaction solvent (mixed by ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, water and methanol in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1), add 1.0g of anionic monomer sodium styrene sulfonate, then add 0.1g of cuprous chloride and 0.1g of tris(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amine, and react at 30°C for 24h after ultrasonic dispersion. The obtained product was centrifuged, washed alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and freeze-dried to obtain the target product, a two-dimensional polymer brush with γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain, recorded as 2D-CD-POPs-PSSNa. Its scanning electron microscope image, atomic force microscope image and thickness curve are shown as follows: Figure 3 As shown in (a), (b), and (c), it can be seen that 2D-CD-POPs-PSSNa still maintains a two-dimensional flake morphology, and has rough protrusions with a size of 10~20μm and a thickness of 134nm, and the thickness has increased significantly.

[0023] Example 2 In this example, the two-dimensional polymer brush with γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain was prepared according to the following steps: Step 1, disperse 0.1 g of 2D-CD-POPs in 10 mL of reaction solvent (mixed by acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamide in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1), add 0.5 g of 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide, 0.3 g of dopamine and 0.05 g of triethylamine, and after ultrasonic dispersion, react at 30°C for 24 h. The product is centrifuged, washed with acetone and water in turn, and freeze-dried to obtain a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with an initiating group (denoted as 2D-CD-POPs-In) for use.

[0024] Step 2, disperse 0.1g of 2D-CD-POPs-In in 10mL of reaction solvent (mixed by ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, water and methanol in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1), add 1.0g of cationic monomer methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, then add 0.1g of cuprous chloride and 0.1g of tris(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amine, and react at 30°C for 24h after ultrasonic dispersion. The obtained product was centrifuged, washed alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and freeze-dried to obtain the target product, a two-dimensional polymer brush with γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain, recorded as 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC. Its scanning electron microscope image, atomic force microscope image and thickness curve are shown as follows: Figure 4As shown in (a), (b), and (c), it can be seen that 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC still maintains a two-dimensional flake morphology, and has rough protrusions with a size of 10~20μm and a thickness of 170nm, and the thickness has increased significantly.

[0025] Example 3 In this example, the two-dimensional polymer brush with γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain was prepared according to the following steps: Step 1. Disperse 0.1 g of 2D-CD-POPs in 10 mL of reaction solvent (composed of acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamide in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1), add 0.5 g of 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide, 0.3 g of dopamine and 0.05 g of triethylamine, and after ultrasonic dispersion, react at 30°C for 24 h. The product is centrifuged, washed with acetone and water in turn, and freeze-dried to obtain a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with an initiating group (denoted as 2D-CD-POPs-In) for use.

[0026] Step 2, disperse 0.1g of 2D-CD-POPs-In in 10mL of reaction solvent (mixed by ethanol, dimethyl sulfoxide, water and methanol in a volume ratio of 1:1:1:1), add 1.0g of zwitterionic monomer 3-[N,N-dimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]ammonium]propane-1-sulfonic acid inner salt, then add 0.1g of cuprous chloride and 0.1g of tris(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amine, and react at 30°C for 24h after ultrasonic dispersion. The obtained product was centrifuged, washed alternately with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol, and freeze-dried to obtain the target product, a two-dimensional polymer brush with γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain, recorded as 2D-CD-POPs-PSBMA. Its scanning electron microscope image, atomic force microscope image and thickness curve are shown as follows: Figure 5 As shown in (a), (b), and (c), it can be seen that 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC still maintains a two-dimensional flake morphology, and has rough protrusions with a size of 10~20μm and a thickness of 163nm, and the thickness has increased significantly.

[0027] The infrared spectra of the two-dimensional polymer brushes prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3 are shown in FIG. Figure 6 As shown, by comparing the infrared spectra of monomers in the literature, it can be seen that the two-dimensional polymer brushes such as 2D-CD-POPs-PSSNa, 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC and 2D-CD-POPs-PSBMA were successfully synthesized, proving that the synthesis method of the present invention successfully grafted different long-chain polymers while maintaining the two-dimensional morphology.

[0028] The Zeta potential diagrams of the two-dimensional polymer brushes prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3 are shown in FIG. Figure 7 As shown in (a), (b) and (c), it can be seen that the potentials of 2D-CD-POPs-PSSNa, 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC and 2D-CD-POPs-PSBMA are -31.5 mV, +9.18 mV and -2.05 mV, respectively.

[0029] The water contact angle test graphs of the two-dimensional polymer brushes prepared in Examples 1, 2, and 3 are shown in FIG. Figure 8 As shown in (a), (b) and (c), it can be seen that the water contact angles of 2D-CD-POPs-PSSNa, 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC and 2D-CD-POPs-PSBMA are 40°, 52° and 24°, respectively, which fully demonstrates the change in hydrophilicity and hydrophobicity.

[0030] 2. Application of two-dimensional polymer brushes with γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain Example 4: Antibacterial Experiment on Escherichia coli The concentration of Escherichia coli (CMCC(B)44102 strain) was adjusted to 1×10 6 CFU mL -1 (OD 600 =0.1). The sterile water dispersion of 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC was diluted to 1 mg / mL, and 200 μL of 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC was taken, and 20 μL of E. coli solution and 200 μL of LB broth medium were added thereto. Sterile water was used as a negative control, and 200 μL of 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC was taken, and 20 μL of E. coli solution and 200 μL of LB broth medium were added thereto. The two groups of samples were incubated at 37°C for 24 hours, and after dilution, they were plated on LB agar medium and the number of colonies was counted.

[0031] In this example, the coating results of 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC and sterile water are as follows: Fig. 9 As shown in (a) and (b) in Figure 2, the colony counting results are as follows: Fig. 9 As shown in (c) of the figure, it can be seen that the sample using 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC has 17×10 7 cells / cm 2 The negative control had 123×10 7 cells / cm 2 The number of colonies in the negative control 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC was reduced by 86%, while the colonies in the negative control covered the entire culture medium. This proves that 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC has excellent antibacterial effect. At the same time, after testing, 2D-CD-POPs has no antibacterial effect.

[0032] Example 5: Protein adsorption experiment 20 mg of two-dimensional polymer brushes 2D-CD-POPs-PSSNa, 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC and 2D-CD-POPs-PSBMA were added to 50 mL beakers, and then 20 mL of 1 mg / mL bovine hemoglobin solution (dissolved in PBS solutions with pH values ​​of 4, 8 and 7, respectively) was added. The beakers were placed at 30 °C and magnetically stirred (500 r / min) for 0.5 h. 1 mL of the above solution was taken out, centrifuged to obtain the supernatant, and the absorbance was measured at the maximum absorption wavelength of the protein using a UV-visible spectrophotometer to determine the protein concentration in the solution after adsorption, and the adsorption amount was calculated. The results are shown in Fig.10 As shown, the adsorption amounts of 2D-CD-POPs-PSSNa, 2D-CD-POPs-PDMC and 2D-CD-POPs-PSBMA on bovine hemoglobin are 0.17 mg / mg, 0.05 mg / mg and 0.011 mg / mg respectively. At the same time, it was found that 2D-CD-POPs had no adsorption effect on bovine hemoglobin.

[0033] The above are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain, characterized in that: Using γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as raw material, a surface functionalization reaction is carried out to obtain a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with an initiating group, and then a polymerization reaction is carried out with an ionic monomer to obtain a two-dimensional polymer brush with the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain.

2. The method for preparing a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1, using a mixture of at least one of acetone, chloroform, toluene, acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfoxide, dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamide as a reaction solvent, adding a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer, a molecule containing an initiating group and a first catalyst, and reacting after ultrasonic dispersion. The obtained product is centrifuged, washed and freeze-dried to obtain a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with an initiating group; Step 2: Using a mixture of at least one of ethanol, acetonitrile, N,N-dimethylformamide and dimethyl sulfoxide with water and methanol as a reaction solvent, add the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer with modified initiating groups obtained in step 1, and add an ionic monomer, a second catalyst and a third catalyst, and perform a polymerization reaction after ultrasonic dispersion. The obtained product is centrifuged, washed and freeze-dried to obtain a two-dimensional polymer brush with the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain.

3. The method for preparing a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the molecule containing the initiating group is at least one of dopamine, 4-bromostyrene, succinic anhydride, acetic anhydride, 2-bromoisobutyryl bromide, acryloyl chloride and 2-chloroisobutyryl chloride, and the molecule containing the initiating group and the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer are added in a mass ratio of 1 to 40:

1.

4. The method for preparing a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The ionic monomer is at least one of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 2-acrylamide-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, sodium styrene sulfonate, methacryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, acryloyloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl phosphorylcholine and 3-[N,N-dimethyl-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]ammonium]propane-1-sulfonic acid inner salt; the ionic monomer and the gamma-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with the initiating group are added in a mass ratio of 1 to 100:

1.

5. The method for preparing a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the reaction temperature of the molecule containing the initiating group and the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer is -10 to 50° C., and the reaction time is 0.5 to 5 days.

6. The method for preparing a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The polymerization reaction temperature of the ionic monomer and the gamma-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer with modified initiating groups is 30-90° C., and the reaction time is 0.5-7 days.

7. The method for preparing a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, the first catalyst is at least one of triethylamine and 4-dimethylaminopyridine, and the mass ratio of the first catalyst to the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer is 0.01~1:1; in step 2, the second catalyst is at least one of ferrous chloride, ferric chloride, cuprous chloride, cupric chloride, cuprous bromide, and cupric bromide, and the mass ratio of the second catalyst to the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with the initiating group is 0.01~1:1; the third catalyst is at least one of tris(2-dimethylaminoethyl)amine, 2,2'-bipyridine and 4,4'-bipyridine, and the mass ratio of the third catalyst to the γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer modified with the initiating group is 0.01~1:

1.

8. The method for preparing a two-dimensional polymer brush with a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step 1, dichloromethane and N,N-dimethylformamide account for 20% to 80% and 20% to 60% of the total volume of the reaction solvent, respectively; in step 2, water and methanol account for 20% to 80% and 20% to 70% of the total volume of the reaction solvent, respectively.

9. A two-dimensional polymer brush having a γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain, obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. Use of the two-dimensional polymer brush with γ-cyclodextrin two-dimensional porous organic polymer as the main chain as claimed in claim 9 in the preparation of antibacterial agents or protein adsorbents.

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