Earth and stone excavation construction device and method
By designing an earth-rock excavation construction device containing arcuate parts, plate-shaped parts and elastic plates, the problem of earth adhesion in the bucket is solved and the excavation efficiency of earth is improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411279414.2
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-25
AI Technical Summary
When excavating the earth, part of the earth sticks to the inner wall of the bucket due to the viscosity of the earth, reducing the single unloading amount and excavation efficiency of the excavator.
A construction device for excavation of earth and stone is designed, including arc-shaped parts and plate-shaped parts. The bottom of the arc-shaped parts is equipped with elastic plates and deformation parts. The elastic plates are driven to protrude through the driving plates and wire ropes to push the earth out of the excavation bucket.
It effectively reduces the attachment of earth in the bucket, improves the excavation efficiency of earth, and ensures continuous operation and efficient operation of the excavator.
Smart Images
Figure CN119686396A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of earthwork excavation, and in particular to an earthwork excavation construction device and method. Background Art
[0002] Earthwork is the general term for earthwork and stonework, that is, soil and stone. Common earthwork projects include: site leveling, foundation pit (trench) and pipe trench excavation, roadbed excavation, civil air defense project excavation, ground filling, roadbed filling and foundation pit backfilling. Earthwork projects include all aspects of earthwork excavation, filling, transportation, drainage, precipitation, etc. Earthwork is generally excavated by excavators. During excavation, the earth is loosened and excavated by the bucket on the excavation arm.
[0003] However, when excavating earth, since soil and other earth have a certain viscosity, part of the earth will adhere to the inner wall of the bucket when the bucket is excavating the earth, and will not fall to the unloading place, resulting in a reduction in the single unloading amount of the excavator. At the same time, the earth adhering to the inner wall of the bucket will affect the material capacity of the subsequent bucket when excavating earth, thereby greatly reducing the excavation efficiency of the excavator. Summary of the invention
[0004] In order to reduce the earth adhering to the bucket, the present application provides an earth and stone excavation construction device and method.
[0005] In the first aspect, the present application provides an earthwork excavation construction device, which adopts the following technical solution: A construction device for earthwork excavation, comprising a bucket, the bucket comprising an arc-shaped portion connected to an excavator mechanical arm and plate-shaped portions located on both sides of the arc-shaped portion, both sides of the arc-shaped portion are provided with openings, the plate-shaped portion is provided at the side openings of the arc-shaped portion and is used to close the openings on both sides of the arc-shaped portion, the plate-shaped portion is slidably provided at the end of the arc-shaped portion, the plate-shaped portion slides along the lateral axis direction of the arc-shaped portion, and a first driving member for driving the plate-shaped portion to slide is provided on the arc-shaped portion; an elastic plate is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion, the elastic plate is attached to the bottom of the arc-shaped portion, the edge of the elastic plate in the length direction is fixedly provided on the arc-shaped portion, and a deforming member is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion, the deforming member is used to act on the bottom of the elastic plate to move the elastic cloth in a direction away from the arc-shaped portion to eject the earth in the arc-shaped portion.
[0006] Optionally, the deformation member includes an abutment plate arranged at the bottom of the arc portion, the abutment plate is in the shape of an elongated strip, the abutment plate is located between the arc portion and the elastic plate, the abutment plate is slidably arranged at the bottom of the arc portion, and the deformation member also includes a second driving member for driving the abutment plate to slide and drive the elastic plate to slide away from the arc portion.
[0007] Optionally, the second driving member includes a driving plate hinged at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion, and the driving plate tends to fit into the bottom of the arc-shaped portion in an initial state. Two driving plates are provided, and the two driving plates are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the arc-shaped portion. Both driving plates rotate toward the plate-like portion in corresponding directions. The second driving member also includes a steel wire rope arranged on the plate-like portion, and the other end of the steel wire rope is fixedly arranged on the driving plate.
[0008] Optionally, the arc-shaped portion is provided with a mounting hole along the end surface from the inside of the arc-shaped portion, the first driving member includes an electric push rod embedded in the mounting hole, and the plate-shaped portion is fixedly disposed on the output shaft of the electric push rod.
[0009] Optionally, the arc-shaped portion is used to receive a clamping seat on the surface of the earthwork, the clamping seat is in the shape of an elongated strip and parallel to the width direction of the arc-shaped portion, the clamping seat is provided with a clamping groove for clamping the elastic plate, and the clamping groove penetrates the clamping seat along the length direction of the clamping seat.
[0010] Optionally, a plurality of first hanging blocks are provided on the plate-like portion, and the first hanging blocks are arranged along the contour direction of the arc-shaped portion on the plate-like portion, and the arc-shaped portion is provided with a second hanging block hung with the first hanging block, and the first hanging block and the second hanging block are both provided with hanging grooves for hanging each other, and the directions of the hanging grooves on the first hanging block and the second hanging block are opposite, and the second hanging block is slidably arranged at the end of the arc-shaped portion, and the second hanging block slides in the direction of the end of the arc-shaped portion, and the arc-shaped portion is provided with a third driving member for driving the second hanging block to slide, so that the second hanging block is hung with or separated from the first hanging block.
[0011] Optionally, the third driving member includes a winding motor arranged in the arc-shaped portion and a winding rope wound on the winding motor, and the second hanging block is fixedly arranged on the winding rope, and the winding rope is arc-shaped and consistent with the contour direction of the end of the arc-shaped portion.
[0012] Optionally, two winding motors are provided, and both ends of the winding rope are respectively wound on the winding shafts of the winding motors, and the second hanging block is located between the two winding motors.
[0013] Optionally, a limit block is provided on the back of the elastic plate, and the limit block is located directly above the hinge axis of the driving plate. After the driving plate rotates to be perpendicular to the bottom of the arc portion, the driving plate abuts against the side of the limit block.
[0014] In the second aspect, the present application provides a method for excavating earth and stone, which adopts the following technical solution: Optionally, a method for earthwork excavation, using an earthwork excavation construction device, further comprises: S1: When the bucket digs the earth, the earth enters the space formed by the arc-shaped portion and the plate-shaped portion and is pressed against the elastic plate; S2: When the bucket is transferred to the transport vehicle, the winding motor winds up the collecting rope, thereby driving the second hanging block to separate from the first hanging block, and then the electric push rod drives the plate-like parts on both sides to move in a direction away from the arc-shaped part; S3: After the plate-shaped part is separated from the arc-shaped part, the earth and the plate-shaped part are separated; at the same time, when the plate-shaped part moves, it drives the wire rope to move, and the movement of the wire rope drives the driving plate to rotate. The rotation of the driving plate drives the elastic plate to bulge outward in the direction away from the arc-shaped part and act on the earth, and then the bucket unloads toward the transport vehicle; S4: After the bucket unloads, the plate-shaped portion moves toward the arc-shaped portion, and the plate-shaped portion is locked on the arc-shaped portion by the first hanging block and the second hanging block.
[0015] In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. When excavating earth and stone, the bucket excavates the earth inside. During the transfer of the bucket, the plate-like parts on both sides are driven to move in the direction away from the arc-shaped part by the first driving member. During this process, the plate-like parts are separated from the earth. When the bucket is transferred to the transport vehicle, the bucket dumps the earth. At this time, the deformation member acts on the elastic plate, and the elastic plate is deformed in the direction away from the arc-shaped part and acts on the earth, so that the earth falls off from the bucket. In the above process, the earth attached to the bucket is reduced, thereby improving the excavation efficiency of the earth. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an earthwork excavation construction device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of a clamping seat in an earthwork excavation construction device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a cross-sectional view of an arc-shaped portion in an earthwork excavation construction device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of part A; Figure 5 It is an exploded schematic diagram of a plate-shaped portion and an arc-shaped portion in an earthwork excavation construction device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 It is a cross-sectional view of the end of the arc-shaped portion in an earthwork excavation construction device according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 yes Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the enlarged portion B.
[0017] Explanation of the reference numerals in the accompanying drawings: 1. bucket; 111. arc-shaped portion; 112. plate-shaped portion; 113. teeth; 2. elastic plate; 3. abutment plate; 4. driving plate; 5. wire rope; 6. limit block; 7. electric push rod; 8. snap-fit seat; 9. snap-fit groove; 10. first hanging block; 11. second hanging block; 12. winding motor; 13. winding rope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0018] The following is combined with Figure 1-7 This application is described in further detail.
[0019] The present application embodiment discloses a construction device for earthwork excavation. Figure 1 The earthwork excavation construction device includes a bucket 1, the bucket 1 includes an arc-shaped portion 111 connected to the excavator mechanical arm and a plate-shaped portion 112 located on both sides of the arc-shaped portion 111, the teeth 113 of the bucket 1 are located on the arc-shaped portion 111, both sides of the arc-shaped portion 111 are opened, the plate-shaped portion 112 is arranged at the side opening of the arc-shaped portion 111 and is used to close the openings on both sides of the arc-shaped portion 111, the plate-shaped portion 112 is slidably arranged at the end of the arc-shaped portion 111, the plate-shaped portion 112 slides along the lateral axis direction of the arc-shaped portion 111, and a first driving member for driving the plate-shaped portion 112 to slide is arranged on the arc-shaped portion 111; Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 An elastic plate 2 is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion 111, and the elastic plate 2 is attached to the bottom of the arc-shaped portion 111. The edge of the elastic plate 2 in the length direction is fixedly provided on the arc-shaped portion 111. A deformable member is provided at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion 111, and the deformable member is used to act on the bottom of the elastic plate 2 to move the elastic cloth in a direction away from the arc-shaped portion 111 to eject the earth in the arc-shaped portion 111.
[0020] When excavating earth and stone, the bucket 1 excavates the earth. During the transfer of the bucket 1, the plate-like parts 112 on both sides are driven by the first driving member to move in the direction away from the arc-shaped part 111. During this process, the plate-like parts 112 are separated from the earth. Therefore, after the earth is excavated into the bucket 1, the earth is in a compressed state and has a fluffy state. However, under the action of the plate-like parts 112, the fluffy state is restricted. When the plate-like parts 112 are separated from the arc-shaped parts 111, the earth has a tendency to recover its deformation. Then, relative movement is generated with the inner wall of the arc-shaped portion 111, and then the arc-shaped portion 111 is separated. After the separation from the plate-shaped portion 112, the earth is easily removed from the bucket 1. When the bucket is transferred to the transport vehicle, the bucket dumps the earth. At this time, the elastic plate 2 is acted on by the deformation member, and the elastic plate 2 is deformed in a direction away from the arc-shaped portion 111 and acts on the earth, so that the earth falls off from the bucket. In the above process, the earth attached to the bucket is reduced, thereby improving the excavation efficiency of the earth.
[0021] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 In the embodiment of the present application, the deformation member includes an abutment plate 3 disposed at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion 111, the abutment plate 3 is a hard plate, the abutment plate 3 is in the shape of an elongated strip, the abutment plate 3 is located between the arc-shaped portion 111 and the elastic plate 2, the abutment plate 3 is slidably disposed at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion 111, and the deformation member also includes a second driving member for driving the abutment plate 3 to slide and drive the elastic plate 2 to slide away from the arc-shaped portion 111; Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 The second driving member includes a driving plate 4 hinged at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion 111, the abutting plate 3 is located above the driving plate 4 and is supported on the driving plate 4, the driving plate 4 is a hard plate, the hinge axis of the driving plate 4 is perpendicular to the length direction of the bottom of the arc-shaped portion 111, and the driving plate 4 tends to fit the bottom of the arc-shaped portion 111 in its initial state and there is a certain angle with the bottom of the arc-shaped portion 111. Two driving plates 4 are provided, and the two driving plates 4 are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the arc-shaped portion 111. The two driving plates 4 both rotate toward the plate-shaped portion 112 in the corresponding direction. The second driving member also includes a steel wire rope 5 arranged on the plate-shaped portion 112, and the other end of the steel wire rope 5 is fixedly arranged on the driving plate 4.
[0022] When the plate-like portion 112 moves at the end of the arc-shaped portion 111, the plate-like portion 112 drives the steel wire rope 5 to move toward the outside of the arc-shaped portion 111, and the movement of the steel wire rope 5 drives the driving plate 4 to rotate toward the end of the arc-shaped portion 111. During the rotation of the driving plate 4, the contact plate 3 is driven to move in a direction away from the bottom of the arc-shaped portion 111, thereby pushing the elastic plate 2 to convexly deform outward, so as to facilitate the removal of the earth in the bucket 1; at the same time, during the separation of the plate-like portion 112 from the arc-shaped portion 111, the elastic plate 2 convexly lifts the earth, reducing the separation time between the earth and the bucket 1, thereby improving the earth excavation efficiency. When the next bucket 1 is excavated, the earth enters the bucket and acts on the elastic plate 2, causing the elastic plate 2 to move toward the bottom of the bucket 1 and restore the driving plate 4 to its initial state, so as to facilitate the removal of the earth in the bucket 1.
[0023] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 When the driving plate 4 passes the vertical state, the driving plate 4 cannot rotate under the drive of the wire rope 5 to drive the abutment plate 3 to move. Therefore, the rotation angle of the driving plate 4 needs to be limited. In the embodiment of the present application, a limit block 6 is provided on the back of the elastic plate 2. The limit block 6 is located directly above the hinge axis of the driving plate 4. After the driving plate 4 rotates to be perpendicular to the bottom of the arc-shaped portion 111, the driving plate 4 abuts against the side of the limit block 6.
[0024] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 4Furthermore, a positioning rod is provided at the end of the driving plate 4 , and the end of the positioning rod is slidably provided on the bottom wall of the abutment plate 3 , and the end of the positioning rod slides along the length direction of the abutment plate 3 .
[0025] Reference Figure 5 In the embodiment of the present application, the arc-shaped portion 111 is provided with a mounting hole along the end surface from the inside of the arc-shaped portion 111, the first driving member includes an electric push rod 7 embedded in the mounting hole, and the plate-shaped portion 112 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the electric push rod 7; when the electric push rod 7 is started, the electric push rod 7 pushes the plate-shaped portion 112 to move, and the operation is simple and convenient. Furthermore, the plate-shaped portion 112 is fixed to the output shaft of the electric push rod 7 by bolts, and a thread groove for the bolt to be threaded is provided on the output shaft of the electric push rod.
[0026] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 , because the elastic plate 2 is in the process of deformation and recovery of deformation for a long time, the elastic plate 2 is broken and damaged. Therefore, the damaged elastic plate 2 needs to be replaced. To facilitate the replacement of the elastic plate 2, in the embodiment of the present application, the arc portion 111 is used to receive a fixed clamping seat 8 on the surface of the earthwork, and the clamping machine is connected with the inner wall of the arc portion 111. The clamping seat 8 is long and parallel to the width direction of the arc portion 111. The clamping seat 8 is provided with a clamping groove 9 for clamping the elastic plate 2. The clamping groove 9 penetrates the clamping seat 8 along the length direction of the clamping seat 8; when replacing the damaged elastic plate 2, first remove the plate-like portion 112 from the output shaft of the electric push rod 7, then pull the elastic plate 2 out of the clamping groove 9, then insert the replaced elastic plate 2 into the clamping groove 9, and then install the plate-like portion 112 on the output shaft of the electric push rod 7.
[0027] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In order to reduce the possibility of damage to the electric push rod 7 under the action of earthwork squeezing force, a plurality of first hanging blocks 10 are arranged on the plate-shaped portion 112, and the directions of the plurality of first hanging blocks 10 are consistent. The first hanging blocks 10 are arranged along the contour direction of the arc-shaped portion 111 on the plate-shaped portion 112, and the arc-shaped portion 111 is provided with a second hanging block 11 hung with the first hanging block 10. The first hanging block 10 and the second hanging block 11 are both provided with hanging grooves for hanging each other, and the directions of the hanging grooves on the first hanging block 10 and the second hanging block 11 are opposite. The second hanging block 11 is slidably arranged at the end of the arc-shaped portion 111, and the second hanging block 11 slides in the direction of the end of the arc-shaped portion 111. The arc-shaped portion 111 is provided with a third driving member for driving the second hanging block 11 to slide, so that the second hanging block 11 is hung or separated from the first hanging block 10; Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7The third driving member includes a winding motor 12 arranged in the arc portion 111 and a winding rope 13 wound on the winding motor 12. The second hanging block 11 is fixedly arranged on the winding rope 13. The winding rope 13 is arc-shaped and consistent with the contour direction of the end of the arc portion 111.
[0028] When the bucket 1 is excavating earth, the earth enters the bucket 1 and acts on the inner wall of the plate-like portion 112, generating a certain squeezing force on the plate-like portion 112. At this time, under the action of the first hanging block 10 and the second hanging block 11, the plate-like portion 112 is locked on the arc-shaped portion 111, thereby reducing the possibility of the squeezing force being transmitted to the electric push rod 7 through the plate-like portion 112, thereby reducing the possibility of damage to the electric push rod 7; at the same time, under the action of the first hanging block 10 and the second hanging block 11, the stability of the plate-like portion 112 on the arc-shaped portion 111 is improved, which facilitates the bucket 1 to perform earthwork operations.
[0029] Reference Figure 6 and Figure 7 In order to facilitate the locking of the first hanging block 10 and the second hanging block 11 again after separation, two winding motors 12 are provided, and the two ends of the winding rope 13 are respectively wound on the winding shaft of the winding motor 12, and the second hanging block 11 is located between the two winding motors 12; one of the winding motors 12 drives the second hanging block 11 to separate from the first hanging block 10, and the other winding motor 12 drives the second hanging block 11 to hang with the first hanging block 10.
[0030] The implementation principle of the earthwork excavation construction device in the embodiment of the present application is as follows: When excavating earth and stone, the bucket 1 excavates the earth. During the transfer of the bucket 1, the electric push rod 7 drives the plate-like parts 112 on both sides to move in the direction away from the arc-shaped part 111. During this process, the plate-like parts 112 are separated from the earth. Therefore, after the earth is excavated into the bucket 1, the earth is in a compressed state and has a fluffy state. However, under the action of the plate-like parts 112, the fluffy state is restricted. When the plate-like parts 112 are separated from the arc-shaped parts 111, the earth has a tendency to recover its deformation, thereby The earth is easily removed from the bucket 1 by relative movement with the inner wall of the arc-shaped portion 111 and then separated from the arc-shaped portion 111 and the plate-shaped portion 112. When the bucket is transferred to the transport vehicle, the bucket dumps the earth. At this time, the abutment plate 3 moves to act on the elastic plate 2, and the elastic plate 2 deforms in a direction away from the arc-shaped portion 111 and acts on the earth, so that the earth falls off from the bucket. In the above process, the earth adhering to the bucket is reduced, thereby improving the excavation efficiency of the earth.
[0031] The embodiment of the present application discloses an earthwork excavation method, using an earthwork excavation construction device, including: S1: When the bucket 1 digs earth, the earth enters the space formed by the arc-shaped portion 111 and the plate-shaped portion 112 and is pressed against the elastic plate 2; S2: When the bucket 1 is transferred to the transport vehicle, the winding motor 12 winds up the collecting rope, driving the second hanging block 11 to separate from the first hanging block 10, and then the electric push rod 7 drives the plate-like parts 112 on both sides to move in a direction away from the arc-shaped part 111; S3: After the plate-shaped portion 112 is separated from the arc-shaped portion 111, the earth and the plate-shaped portion 112 are separated; at the same time, when the plate-shaped portion 112 moves, the steel wire rope 5 is driven to move, and the movement of the steel wire rope 5 drives the driving plate 4 to rotate, and the rotation of the driving plate 4 drives the elastic plate 2 to bulge outward in a direction away from the arc-shaped portion 111 and act on the earth, and then the bucket 1 unloads toward the transport vehicle; S4: After the bucket 1 is unloaded, the plate-shaped portion 112 moves toward the arc-shaped portion 111 , and the plate-shaped portion 112 is locked on the arc-shaped portion 111 by the first hanging block 10 and the second hanging block 11 .
[0032] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Therefore, any equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape, and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A construction device for earthwork excavation, characterized in that: The excavator comprises a bucket (1), wherein the bucket (1) comprises an arc-shaped portion (111) connected to an excavator mechanical arm and plate-shaped portions (112) located on both sides of the arc-shaped portion (111), both sides of the arc-shaped portion (111) are provided with openings, the plate-shaped portion (112) is provided at the side openings of the arc-shaped portion (111) and is used to close the openings on both sides of the arc-shaped portion (111), the plate-shaped portion (112) is slidably provided at the end of the arc-shaped portion (111), the plate-shaped portion (112) slides along the lateral axis direction of the arc-shaped portion (111), and the arc-shaped portion (111) is provided with a plurality of openings. A first driving member for driving the plate-shaped portion (112) to slide is arranged on the arc-shaped portion (111); an elastic plate (2) is arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion (111); the elastic plate (2) is attached to the bottom of the arc-shaped portion (111); the edge of the elastic plate (2) in the length direction is fixedly arranged on the arc-shaped portion (111); a deformable member is arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion (111); the deformable member is used to act on the bottom of the elastic plate (2) to move the elastic cloth in a direction away from the arc-shaped portion (111) so as to eject the earth in the arc-shaped portion (111).
2. The earthwork excavation construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The deformable member comprises an abutment plate (3) arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion (111); the abutment plate (3) is in the shape of an elongated strip; the abutment plate (3) is located between the arc-shaped portion (111) and the elastic plate (2); the abutment plate (3) is slidably arranged at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion (111); and the deformable member further comprises a second driving member for driving the abutment plate (3) to slide and drive the elastic plate (2) to slide away from the arc-shaped portion (111).
3. The earthwork excavation construction device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second driving member comprises a driving plate (4) hinged at the bottom of the arc-shaped portion (111); the driving plate (4) tends to fit the bottom of the arc-shaped portion (111) in an initial state; two driving plates (4) are provided; the two driving plates (4) are symmetrically arranged along the center line of the arc-shaped plate; the two driving plates (4) both rotate toward the plate-shaped portion (112) in corresponding directions; the second driving member further comprises a steel wire rope (5) provided on the plate-shaped portion (112); the other end of the steel wire rope (5) is fixedly provided on the driving plate (4).
4. The earthwork excavation construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped portion (111) is provided with a mounting hole along the end surface from the inside of the arc-shaped portion (111), the first driving member comprises an electric push rod (7) embedded in the mounting hole, and the plate-shaped portion (112) is fixedly arranged on the output shaft of the electric push rod (7).
5. The earthwork excavation construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The arc-shaped portion (111) is used to receive a clamping seat (8) provided on the surface of the earthwork, the clamping seat (8) is in the shape of an elongated strip and is parallel to the width direction of the arc-shaped portion (111), the clamping seat (8) is provided with a clamping groove (9) for clamping the elastic plate (2), and the clamping groove (9) penetrates the clamping seat (8) along the length direction of the clamping seat (8).
6. The earthwork excavation construction device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of first hanging blocks (10) are arranged on the plate-shaped portion (112), the first hanging blocks (10) are arranged along the contour direction of the arc-shaped portion (111) on the plate-shaped portion (112), the arc-shaped portion (111) is provided with a second hanging block (11) which is hung with the first hanging block (10), the first hanging block (10) and the second hanging block (11) are both provided with hanging grooves which are hung with each other, the directions of the hanging grooves on the first hanging block (10) and the second hanging block (11) are opposite, the second hanging block (11) is slidably arranged at the end of the arc-shaped portion (111), the second hanging block (11) slides along the direction of the end of the arc-shaped portion (111), and the arc-shaped portion (111) is provided with a third driving member which drives the second hanging block (11) to slide so as to hang or separate the second hanging block (11) from the first hanging block (10).
7. The earthwork excavation construction device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third driving member comprises a winding motor (12) arranged in the arc-shaped portion (111) and a winding rope (13) wound on the winding motor (12); the second hanging block (11) is fixedly arranged on the winding rope (13); the winding rope (13) is arc-shaped and has the same direction as the contour of the end of the arc-shaped portion (111).
8. The earthwork excavation construction device according to claim 7, characterized in that: Two winding motors (12) are provided, and the two ends of the winding rope (13) are respectively wound on the winding shafts of the winding motors (12), and the second hanging block (11) is located between the two winding motors (12).
9. The earthwork excavation construction device according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limit block (6) is provided on the back of the elastic plate (2), and the limit block (6) is located directly above the hinge axis of the drive plate (4). After the drive plate (4) rotates to be perpendicular to the bottom of the arc-shaped portion (111), the drive plate (4) abuts against the side of the limit block (6).
10. A method for earthwork excavation, using the earthwork excavation construction device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Also includes; S1: When the bucket (1) excavates earth, the earth enters the space formed by the arc-shaped portion (111) and the plate-shaped portion (112) and is pressed against the elastic plate (2); S2: When the bucket (1) is transferred to the transport vehicle, the reeling motor (12) reels the collecting rope, thereby driving the second hanging block (11) to separate from the first hanging block (10), and then the electric push rod (7) drives the plate-shaped parts (112) on both sides to move in a direction away from the arc-shaped part (111); S3: After the plate-shaped portion (112) is separated from the arc-shaped portion (111), the earth and the plate-shaped portion (112) are separated; at the same time, when the plate-shaped portion (112) moves, it drives the steel wire rope (5) to move, and the movement of the steel wire rope (5) drives the driving plate (4) to rotate, and the rotation of the driving plate (4) drives the elastic plate (2) to bulge outward in a direction away from the arc-shaped portion (111) to act on the earth, and then the bucket (1) unloads the material toward the transport vehicle; S4: After the bucket (1) unloads the material, the plate-shaped portion (112) moves toward the arc-shaped portion (111), and the plate-shaped portion (112) is locked on the arc-shaped portion (111) by the first hanging block (10) and the second hanging block (11).