Device for measuring opening degrees of blades of Kaplan turbine and water pump

Abstract

The invention discloses a Kaplan turbine and water pump paddle opening degree measuring device, relates to the technical field of hydroelectric equipment, and aims to solve the problem that the existing measuring mode cannot mechanically measure the current paddle opening degree of a water turbine, and the device comprises a scale plate arranged on a shell of a generator, a motor shaft of the generator is connected with the hydraulic oil cylinder through a connecting flange, the hydraulic oil cylinder is located at the upper end of the motor shaft, a pointer moving in the height direction of the scale plate is arranged on the scale plate, and the distance measuring disc is of a circular ring structure, connected with a piston rod of the hydraulic oil cylinder through a connecting assembly and arranged on the periphery of the connecting flange. The elastic assembly extends in the height direction of the scale plate, the lower end of the elastic assembly makes contact with the distance measuring disc, the upper end of the elastic assembly is connected with a telescopic rod of the displacement sensor through a connecting rod, and the pointer is connected with the elastic assembly. And the current blade opening of the water turbine and the water pump can be measured when the electric sensor fails.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydropower equipment, and more specifically to a device for measuring the opening of propeller-type water turbines and water pump blades. Background Art

[0002] The propeller turbine is also called the Kaplan turbine. The propeller blade angle can be adjusted to adapt to the changes in head and flow rate while maintaining high efficiency of the axial flow turbine.

[0003] At present, most propeller turbines change the angle of the turbine blades by hydraulically driving the piston of the hydraulic cylinder. When the hydraulic cylinder top-mounted pitch adjustment device is working, since the pitch adjustment device is rigidly connected to the generator shaft through a flange, when the cylinder is actuated, the cylinder piston rotates relative to the ground and moves axially at the same time. The rotation angle of the turbine blades cannot often be measured directly, and the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder reflects the rotation angle of the turbine blades, so it is essential to obtain the displacement data of the hydraulic cylinder. Generally, one end of the cylinder piston rod is connected to a displacement sensor to supply a power signal to measure the displacement, or a position proximity switch is used to detect the displacement of the cylinder piston rod. As many sensors as possible are placed at the specified position of the turbine main shaft. When the cylinder piston rod moves to the corresponding position, a signal is fed back to transmit the displacement information.

[0004] However, when using proximity switches to detect displacement, the feedback displacement is intermittent and discontinuous, which leads to inaccurate measurement and can only detect the position where the sensor is arranged. Moreover, the above two methods of measuring the displacement of the cylinder piston rod cannot visually detect the current opening of the turbine blade. In the event of failure of the electrical sensor, the blade opening position is unknown, resulting in the inability to adjust the blade opening.

[0005] Therefore, how to solve the problem that the existing measurement method cannot mechanically measure the opening of the current turbine blades is an urgent problem to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a measuring device for the opening of propeller-type turbines and water pump blades, which can not only obtain the electrical signal of the turbine blade opening, but also visually measure the opening of the turbine blades by mechanical measurement.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller-type water turbine or a water pump, comprising:

[0009] The scale plate is arranged on the housing of the generator. The motor shaft of the generator is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through a connecting flange. The hydraulic cylinder is located at the upper end of the motor shaft. The scale plate is provided with a pointer that moves along its own height direction.

[0010] The distance measuring disk is a circular ring structure, which is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through a connecting assembly, and the distance measuring disk is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting flange;

[0011] The elastic component extends along the height direction of the scale plate, the lower end of the elastic component contacts the distance measuring disk, the upper end of the elastic component is connected to the telescopic rod of the displacement sensor through a connecting rod, the displacement sensor is used to detect the displacement of the distance measuring disk moving up and down in real time, and the pointer is connected to the elastic component.

[0012] Preferably, the elastic component includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve which are arranged to slide relative to each other, the upper end of the outer sleeve is connected to the scale plate, the lower end of the inner sleeve is provided with a contraction opening, a ball in contact with the ranging disk is installed in the contraction opening, and the ball is rotatably connected to the contraction opening.

[0013] Preferably, a first mounting seat in contact with the ball is provided in the inner sleeve, a second mounting seat is provided at the upper end of the inner sleeve, a first elastic member is provided between the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat, and the second mounting seat slides along the inner wall of the outer sleeve.

[0014] Preferably, a third mounting seat is provided at the upper end of the outer sleeve, a through hole is provided in the middle of the third mounting seat, a movable connecting rod is provided in the through hole, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the second mounting seat, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected to the displacement sensor, a second elastic member is provided on the outer periphery of the connecting rod, the second elastic member is located between the second mounting seat and the third mounting seat, and the second elastic member moves telescopically along the axial direction of the outer sleeve.

[0015] Preferably, the first elastic member and the second elastic member are both springs, and the elastic coefficient of the first elastic member is greater than the elastic coefficient of the second elastic member.

[0016] Preferably, the second mounting seat is provided with a long threaded hole extending along its own diameter direction, the pointer is threadedly connected to the second mounting seat through a connecting rod, and the outer sleeve is provided with an opening extending along its own height direction so that the connecting rod can move along the opening.

[0017] Preferably, the displacement sensor is a resistive displacement sensor.

[0018] Preferably, a mounting plate is provided at the upper end of the scale plate, the mounting plate extends along the height direction of the scale plate, and the mounting plate is used to install the displacement sensor.

[0019] Preferably, the distance measuring disk comprises two semicircular ring plates with the same diameter.

[0020] The device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine and a water pump provided by the present invention comprises a scale plate, a pointer, a distance measuring disk and an elastic component. Specifically, the motor shaft of the generator is connected to the hydraulic cylinder through a connecting flange. The hydraulic cylinder is located at the upper end of the motor shaft. When the motor shaft is working, it rotates, driving the connecting flange and the hydraulic cylinder to rotate synchronously. The distance measuring disk is a circular ring structure, which is connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder through a connecting component. The distance measuring disk is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting flange. When the hydraulic cylinder rotates, the distance measuring disk is driven to rotate synchronously. When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder moves telescopically, it drives the distance measuring disk to move up and down synchronously. The elastic component extends along the height direction of the scale plate, and the lower end of the elastic component contacts the distance measuring disk. The distance measuring disk moves up and down and drives the elastic component to move telescopically. The scale plate is arranged on the outer shell of the generator so that the scale plate is fixed. A pointer that moves along its own height direction is provided on the scale plate. The pointer is connected to the elastic component, and the pointer is driven to move on the scale plate by the elastic component to display the opening of the turbine blade. With such an arrangement, the opening of the turbine blade can be visually measured by mechanical measurement.

[0021] The upper end of the elastic component is connected to the telescopic rod of the displacement sensor through a connecting rod. The displacement sensor is used to detect the displacement of the distance measuring disk in real time. When the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder moves telescopically, it drives the distance measuring disk to move up and down synchronously. The elastic component drives the connecting rod to move up and down, thereby driving the telescopic rod to move telescopically, so that the displacement sensor can detect the opening of the blade in real time and send out the detected electrical signal. When the displacement sensor fails, the opening of the blade can also be displayed by the pointer and scale plate.

[0022] The measuring device for the blade opening of a propeller turbine or water pump arranged in the above manner can provide an external physical reference through a scale plate and a pointer while sending out an electrical signal, so that the opening of the turbine blade can be observed with the naked eye. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without paying creative work.

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller-type water turbine and a water pump provided by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 A front view of a device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller-type water turbine or a water pump provided by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3A cross-sectional view of a device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller-type water turbine or a water pump provided by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A front view of another embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified partial cross-sectional view of .

[0029] Reference numerals:

[0030] 01-connecting flange, 02-hydraulic cylinder, 03-piston rod, 04-connecting assembly;

[0031] 1- scale plate;

[0032] 2- pointer;

[0033] 3- Distance measuring disc;

[0034] 4-elastic component, 41-inner sleeve, 42-outer sleeve, 43-ball, 44-first mounting seat, 45-second mounting seat, 46-first elastic member, 47-third mounting seat, 48-connecting rod, 49-second elastic member;

[0035] 5-Displacement sensor;

[0036] 6-Connecting rod;

[0037] 7-Mount the plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0040] It should be noted that the directional words such as "upper" and "lower" mentioned below are defined based on the drawings in the specification.

[0041] The core of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring the opening of propeller-type water turbines and water pump blades, which can not only obtain the electrical signal of the opening of the water turbine blades, but also visually measure the opening of the water turbine blades by mechanical measurement.

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 A device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine or a water pump comprises a scale plate 1, a pointer 2, a distance measuring disk 3 and an elastic component 4.

[0043] Specifically, the motor shaft of the generator is connected to the hydraulic cylinder 02 through the connecting flange 01. The hydraulic cylinder 02 is located at the upper end of the generator main shaft or the water pump main shaft. The generator main shaft or the water pump main shaft rotates when working, driving the connecting flange 01 and the hydraulic cylinder 02 to rotate synchronously. The distance measuring disk 3 is a circular ring structure. The distance measuring disk 3 is connected to the piston rod 03 of the hydraulic cylinder 02 through the connecting component 04. The distance measuring disk 3 is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting flange 01. When the hydraulic cylinder 02 rotates, it drives the distance measuring disk 3 to rotate synchronously. When the piston rod 03 of the hydraulic cylinder 02 moves , driving the distance measuring disk 3 to move up and down synchronously, the elastic component 4 extends along the height direction of the scale plate 1, the lower end of the elastic component 4 contacts the distance measuring disk 3, the distance measuring disk 3 moves up and down to drive the elastic component 4 to move telescopically, the scale plate 1 is arranged on the shell of the generator, so that the scale plate 1 is fixed, and the scale plate 1 is provided with a pointer 2 that moves along its own height direction, the pointer 2 is connected to the elastic component 4, and the pointer 2 is driven by the elastic component 4 to move on the scale plate 1 to display the opening of the turbine blade. With this arrangement, the opening of the turbine blade can be visually measured by mechanical measurement.

[0044] The upper end of the elastic component 4 is connected to the telescopic rod of the displacement sensor 5 through the connecting rod 48. The displacement sensor 5 is used to detect the displacement of the ranging disk 3 moving up and down in real time. When the piston rod 03 of the hydraulic cylinder 02 moves telescopically, the ranging disk 3 is driven to move up and down synchronously. The connecting rod 48 is driven up and down by the elastic component 4, thereby driving the telescopic rod to move telescopically, so that the displacement sensor 5 can detect the opening of the blade in real time and send out the detected electrical signal. When the displacement sensor 5 fails, the opening of the blade can also be displayed through the pointer 2 and the scale plate 1.

[0045] Among them, except for the displacement measuring device, the rest of the parts are fixed on the main shaft of the generator through flanges, and the entire mechanism will rotate with the main shaft. Since the distance measuring disk 3 is connected to the piston rod 03 of the hydraulic cylinder 02, it will also move up and down synchronously when the piston rod 03 moves up and down. That is, at this time, the distance measuring disk 3 simultaneously undergoes axial movement and circumferential rotation relative to the displacement measuring device.

[0046] In this embodiment, the connecting assembly 04 includes two parts, one is an external threaded flange for connecting the piston rod 03, and the other is a connecting piece for connecting the external threaded flange and the distance measuring disk 3.

[0047] The measuring device for the blade opening of a propeller turbine or water pump arranged in the above manner can provide an external physical reference through the scale plate 1 and the pointer 2 while sending out an electrical signal, so that the opening of the turbine blade can be observed with the naked eye.

[0048] In the above embodiment, the elastic component 4 includes an inner sleeve 41 and an outer sleeve 42 which are arranged to slide relative to each other. The upper end of the outer sleeve 42 is connected to the scale plate 1, and the lower end of the inner sleeve 41 is provided with a contraction opening. A ball 43 in contact with the distance measuring disk 3 is installed in the contraction opening, and the ball 43 is rotatably connected to the contraction opening.

[0049] It should be noted that when the piston rod 03 extends or retracts, it drives the distance measuring disc 3 to move downward or upward synchronously. Through the rolling contact between the distance measuring disc 3 and the ball 43, the inner sleeve 41 can be driven to move downward or upward synchronously along the outer sleeve 42. The lower end of the inner sleeve 41 is set as a contraction port to prevent the ball 43 from falling. Through the rolling cooperation between the ball 43 and the inner sleeve 41, the friction loss between the distance measuring disc 3 and the ball 43 can be reduced, so that when the motor shaft drives the distance measuring disc 3 to rotate, the displacement measuring device can be accurately measured.

[0050] In the above situation, a first mounting seat 44 in contact with the ball 43 is provided in the inner sleeve 41, a second mounting seat 45 is provided at the upper end of the inner sleeve 41, a first elastic member 46 is provided between the first mounting seat 44 and the second mounting seat 45, and the second mounting seat 45 slides along the inner wall of the outer sleeve 42.

[0051] It is understandable that, by providing the first mounting seat 44 , the second mounting seat 45 and the first elastic member 46 , the abutment of the ball 43 can be achieved, ensuring that the ball 43 is always exposed from the contraction opening of the inner sleeve 41 .

[0052] When the piston rod 03 extends or contracts, it drives the distance measuring disk 3 to move downward or upward synchronously. Through the rolling contact between the distance measuring disk 3 and the ball 43, the inner sleeve 41 can be driven to move downward or upward along the outer sleeve 42 synchronously, and the second mounting seat 45 can be moved up and down along the outer sleeve 42, further driving the pointer 2 connected to the second mounting seat 45 to move up and down synchronously. The position indicated by the pointer 2 on the scale plate 1 is the position of the distance measuring disk 3 moving up and down, that is, the opening of the turbine blades. In this way, the opening of the turbine blades can be visually measured by mechanical measurement.

[0053] Furthermore, a third mounting seat 47 is provided at the upper end of the outer sleeve 42, a through hole is provided in the middle of the third mounting seat 47, a movable connecting rod 48 is provided in the through hole, one end of the connecting rod 48 is connected to the second mounting seat 45, and the other end of the connecting rod 48 is connected to the displacement sensor 5. A second elastic member 49 is provided on the outer periphery of the connecting rod 48, and the second elastic member 49 is located between the second mounting seat 45 and the third mounting seat 47. The second elastic member 49 is telescopically movable along the axial direction of the outer sleeve 42.

[0054] It should be noted that the second mounting seat 45 and the inner sleeve 41 are fitted with interference fit, so that the ball 43, the inner sleeve 41, the first elastic member 46, the first mounting seat 44 and the second mounting seat 45 are integrated. Since the ball 43 is subjected to the preload force of the first elastic member 46 and the second mounting seat 45 is subjected to the preload force of the second elastic member 49, it is always in contact with the distance measuring disk 3. When the distance measuring disk 3 rotates and moves axially, the ball 43, the second mounting seat 45, the first elastic member 46, the inner sleeve 41 and the connecting rod 48 will also move up synchronously; when the distance measuring disk 3 rotates and moves axially downward, the ball 43, the first mounting seat 44, the first elastic member 46, the inner sleeve 41, the second mounting seat 45 and the connecting rod 48 will also move down synchronously due to the preload force of the second elastic member 49. In the process of the piston rod 03 moving up and down, the displacement sensor 5 will transmit an electrical signal, and the pointer 2 will also move up and down, and the value can be directly read on the scale plate 1.

[0055] In the above embodiment, both the first elastic member 46 and the second elastic member 49 are springs, and the elastic coefficient of the first elastic member 46 is greater than the elastic coefficient of the second elastic member 49 .

[0056] It is understandable that in order to prevent the ball 43 from retracting into the inner sleeve when the piston rod 03 contracts and drives the distance measuring disk 3 to move upward, the elastic coefficient of the first elastic member 46 is made greater than the elastic coefficient of the second elastic member 49.

[0057] Based on the above embodiment, the second mounting seat 45 is provided with a long threaded hole extending along its own diameter direction, the pointer 2 is threadedly connected to the second mounting seat 45 through the connecting rod 6, and the outer sleeve 42 is provided with an opening extending along its own height direction to enable the connecting rod 6 to move along the opening.

[0058] It should be noted that, when the ranging disk 3 rotates and undergoes axial displacement, the ball 43, the first mounting seat 44, the second mounting seat 45, the first elastic member 46, the inner sleeve 41 and the connecting rod 48 will also move upward synchronously, driving the connecting rod 6 connected to the second connecting seat and the pointer 2 to move upward synchronously; when the ranging disk 3 rotates and undergoes axial downward displacement, the ball 43, the first mounting seat 44, the second mounting seat 45, the first elastic member 46, the inner sleeve 41 and the connecting rod 48 will also move downward synchronously due to the preload force of the second elastic member 49, driving the connecting rod 6 connected to the second connecting seat and the pointer 2 to move upward synchronously.

[0059] As a preferred implementation, the displacement sensor 5 is a resistive displacement sensor 5 .

[0060] It can be understood that the resistive displacement sensor 5 realizes measurement by measuring the change in resistance value caused by the displacement of an object. It is preferably a combination of a pull rod resistive displacement sensor 5 and a mechanical distance measurement, which can simultaneously provide an electrical signal of the propeller angle and a physical reference of the scale plate 1, and has low cost.

[0061] Compared with the displacement detection method using a proximity switch in the prior art, this method can collect continuous blade opening signals through the resistive displacement sensor 5, making the turbine blade opening detection result more accurate.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 The resistive displacement sensor 5 can also be replaced by a laser sensor. The laser sensor can be set at any position as long as the laser beam of the laser sensor is directed toward the distance measuring disk 3. However, laser sensors have many disadvantages compared to resistive displacement sensors: Easy to be contaminated: The light emitting and light receiving window lenses of laser displacement sensors are easily contaminated by dust and oil. When the lenses are contaminated, they will block part of the light or completely block the light path, resulting in detection deviation or failure to detect; Limited measurement conditions: When the laser displacement sensor is used, if there are obstructions in the light path, such as measuring deep grooves, or other mechanisms on the instrument and equipment, it will affect the measurement. This is because the measurement light path of the laser displacement sensor is usually a triangle, and obstructions will interfere with the propagation of the light path, thereby affecting the measurement results. In addition, if the surface of the object being measured is uneven or there are reflections, light absorption and other phenomena, it may also cause measurement errors; High environmental requirements: Although laser displacement sensors have anti-interference capabilities to a certain extent, their measurement performance may still be affected in some extreme environments, such as strong magnetic fields, strong light, etc.; High cost: Compared with ordinary resistive displacement sensors that cost two or three hundred yuan, laser displacement sensors cost thousands of yuan, which is still relatively high.

[0063] In the above embodiment, a mounting plate 7 is provided at the upper end of the scale plate 1 . The mounting plate 7 extends along the height direction of the scale plate 1 . The mounting plate 7 is used to mount the displacement sensor 5 .

[0064] It should be noted that during debugging and operation, the opening of the turbine blades can be known by directly observing the value of the scale plate 1. Even if the electrical signal sensor fails, the blade opening position can still be clearly known by observing the scale.

[0065] In the above case, the distance measuring disk 3 comprises two semicircular ring plates of the same diameter.

[0066] It is understandable that the distance measuring disc 3 is configured as two semicircular ring plates, which is convenient for installation and disassembly, and can be applied to the measurement of the opening of various turbine blades. When installing the distance measuring disc 3, the distance measuring disc 3 is installed on the connecting member 04, and the distance measuring disc 3 is connected to the piston rod 03 through the connecting member 04.

[0067] The measuring device provided in the present application is suitable for measuring the axial movement displacement of other rotating mechanisms.

[0068] In summary, the device for measuring the opening of the propeller turbine and water pump blades provided by the present invention has a mechanical measurement scale plate 1 and a pointer 2, which can visually detect the current opening of the turbine blades. In the event of failure of the electrical sensor, the opening position of the blades can be known, thereby facilitating the adjustment of the opening of the blades. A displacement sensor 5 is used to detect the displacement, and the feedback displacement is uninterrupted and continuous, so as to improve the measurement accuracy.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are merely used to distinguish one entity from other entities, but do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0070] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0071] The above is a detailed introduction to a device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine and a water pump provided by the present invention. This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made to the present invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine or a water pump, characterized in that: include: A scale plate (1) is arranged on the housing of the generator, the motor shaft of the generator is connected to the hydraulic cylinder (02) via a connecting flange (01), the hydraulic cylinder (02) is located at the upper end of the motor shaft, and the scale plate (1) is provided with a pointer (2) that moves along its own height direction; The distance measuring disk (3) is a circular ring structure, the distance measuring disk (3) is connected to the piston rod (03) of the hydraulic cylinder (02) via a connecting assembly (04), and the distance measuring disk (3) is arranged on the outer periphery of the connecting flange (01); An elastic component (4) extends in the height direction of the scale plate (1); the lower end of the elastic component (4) contacts the distance measuring disk (3); the upper end of the elastic component (4) is connected to a telescopic rod of a displacement sensor (5) via a connecting rod (48); the displacement sensor (5) is used to detect the displacement of the distance measuring disk (3) moving up and down in real time; and the pointer (2) is connected to the elastic component (4).

2. The device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine or a water pump according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic component (4) comprises an inner sleeve (41) and an outer sleeve (42) which are arranged to slide relative to each other. The upper end of the outer sleeve (42) is connected to the scale plate (1). The lower end of the inner sleeve (41) is provided with a contraction opening. A ball (43) in contact with the distance measuring disk (3) is installed in the contraction opening. The ball (43) is rotatably connected to the contraction opening.

3. The device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine or a water pump according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first mounting seat (44) in contact with the ball (43) is provided in the inner sleeve (41), a second mounting seat (45) is provided at the upper end of the inner sleeve (41), a first elastic member (46) is provided between the first mounting seat (44) and the second mounting seat (45), and the second mounting seat (45) slides along the inner wall of the outer sleeve (42).

4. The device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine or a water pump according to claim 3, characterized in that: A third mounting seat (47) is provided at the upper end of the outer sleeve (42), a through hole is provided in the middle of the third mounting seat (47), a movable connecting rod (48) is provided in the through hole, one end of the connecting rod (48) is connected to the second mounting seat (45), and the other end of the connecting rod (48) is connected to the displacement sensor (5), a second elastic member (49) is provided on the outer periphery of the connecting rod (48), the second elastic member (49) is located between the second mounting seat (45) and the third mounting seat (47), and the second elastic member (49) is telescopically movable along the axial direction of the outer sleeve (42).

5. The device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine or a water pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first elastic member (46) and the second elastic member (49) are both springs, and the elastic coefficient of the first elastic member (46) is greater than the elastic coefficient of the second elastic member (49).

6. The device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine or a water pump according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second mounting seat (45) is provided with a long threaded hole extending in the direction of its diameter, the pointer (2) is threadedly connected to the second mounting seat (45) via a connecting rod (6), and the outer sleeve (42) is provided with an opening extending in the direction of its height so that the connecting rod (6) can move along the opening.

7. The device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine or a water pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The displacement sensor (5) is a resistive displacement sensor.

8. The device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine or a water pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A mounting plate (7) is provided at the upper end of the scale plate (1), the mounting plate (7) extending in the height direction of the scale plate (1), and the mounting plate (7) is used to mount the displacement sensor (5).

9. The device for measuring the blade opening of a propeller turbine or a water pump according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The distance measuring disk (3) comprises two semicircular ring plates with the same diameter.

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