Horizontal shaft fan reduced scale model device and control system thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a horizontal shaft fan reduced scale model device and a control system thereof.The device comprises a fan blade assembly, a driving mechanism, a variable pitch mechanism and a yaw mechanism, the fan blade assembly comprises a hub and a plurality of rotatable blade shafts arranged in the circumferential direction of the hub at intervals, and the driving mechanism comprises a first frame and a driving assembly; the driving assembly is arranged on the first frame and is in transmission connection with the hub, the variable pitch mechanism is rotationally connected with the blade shafts, the yaw mechanism comprises a second frame and a yaw assembly, the second frame is rotationally connected with the first frame, and the yaw assembly is arranged on the second frame and is in transmission connection with the first frame. The horizontal axis fan reduced scale model device comprises the yaw mechanism, yaw of the driving mechanism and the variable pitch mechanism can be achieved, a mechanical structure foundation is provided for the fan to track wind direction changes, it is ensured that blades directly face the wind direction all the time, the wind energy capturing efficiency is maximized, and the research requirement of a fan integrated analysis method under the actual changeable wind condition environment is met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation, and in particular to a scaled model device of a horizontal axis wind turbine and a control system thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the global energy transition, wind power is becoming increasingly important as a clean and renewable energy source. Horizontal axis wind turbines dominate the market due to their high efficiency and low cost. As wind turbines become larger, water tank model tests have become the key to verifying the feasibility of wind turbines. This test simulates a real wind field, evaluates the performance, strength and control system of wind turbines, and ensures their safe and efficient operation in complex environments. At the same time, it also provides a platform for the development of new technologies, optimizes wind turbine design and improves efficiency. Therefore, the wind turbine water tank model test is not only a necessary part of wind turbine research and development, but also an important support for promoting the development of the wind power industry to a higher level, and has far-reaching significance for promoting the development of clean energy.

[0003] In the horizontal axis wind turbine model test, the key technology focuses on the optimal selection and precise arrangement of the drive system, aiming to ensure that the wind rotor stably maintains the preset speed. At the same time, the design of a stable connection between the model and the tower is also crucial. In order to be close to the actual operating conditions, variable pitch and yaw technology is introduced to adapt to variable wind conditions, aiming to improve power generation efficiency and reduce the risk of structural damage. For the scaled model, achieving precise control of the impeller speed and active variable pitch and yaw functions is not only a necessary means to simulate the real engineering environment, but also a key link in studying the integrated analysis method of wind turbines and promoting wind turbine technology innovation and performance optimization.

[0004] At present, most of the research on the scaled model of horizontal axis wind turbines only considers the realization of the drive and pitch mechanism, but does not involve the realization of the yaw mechanism and the overall control method. Although this model has the advantages of easy design and manufacture, simple control, etc., it cannot maximize the efficiency of wind energy capture and is difficult to meet the research needs of wind turbine integrated analysis methods under actual variable wind conditions. Summary of the invention

[0005] The first object of the present invention is to provide a scaled model device of a horizontal-axis wind turbine so that it can simultaneously have driving, pitch changing and yaw functions, thereby maximizing the wind energy capture efficiency and meeting the research needs of an integrated analysis method for wind turbines under actual variable wind conditions.

[0006] The second object of the present invention is to provide a control system based on the above-mentioned horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A horizontal axis fan scale model device, comprising:

[0009] A fan blade assembly, the fan blade assembly comprising a hub and a plurality of blade shafts arranged at intervals along the circumference of the hub, the blade shafts being rotatably disposed on the hub;

[0010] A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism comprising a first frame and a driving assembly, the driving assembly being disposed on the first frame and drivingly connected to the wheel hub;

[0011] A pitch mechanism, the pitch mechanism being rotatably connected to each of the blade shafts to drive the blade shafts to rotate relative to the hub;

[0012] The yaw mechanism comprises a second frame and a yaw assembly, wherein the second frame is rotatably connected to the first frame, the yaw assembly is arranged on the second frame, and the yaw assembly is transmission-connected to the first frame to drive the second frame to reciprocate relative to the second frame.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the pitch mechanism includes a pitch motor, a driving bevel gear and a driven bevel gear, the driving bevel gear is arranged at the output end of the pitch motor, and the driven bevel gear is respectively arranged at one end of each blade shaft extending into the hub, and the driving bevel gear is meshed with each driven bevel gear.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the pitch motor is arranged on a side of the hub away from the drive assembly.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the drive assembly includes a drive motor and a drive coupling, and the output end of the drive motor is connected to the wheel hub through the drive coupling.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, the drive assembly further includes an electric slip ring, and the drive coupling is connected to the hub via the electric slip ring.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present application, the yaw mechanism includes a yaw motor, a yaw coupling and a commutator, the yaw motor is connected to the commutator via the yaw coupling, and the commutator is transmission-connected to the first frame.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present application, the commutator is a right-angle commutator, and the second frame is arranged below or above the first frame.

[0019] In one embodiment of the present application, a blade connector for connecting a fan blade is provided at one end of the blade shaft away from the hub.

[0020] In one embodiment of the present application, the hub includes a main body and a plurality of extension portions extending radially on an outer circumferential surface of the main body, and the blade shaft is respectively disposed on each of the extension portions.

[0021] A control system based on a scale model device of a horizontal axis wind turbine according to any one of the above items, the control system comprising a current loop control module, a speed loop control module and a position loop control module arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, the position loop control module is used to generate a position loop setting signal in response to an external signal, and to control the working state of the pitch mechanism and the yaw mechanism by forming a position loop output signal after comparing the position loop setting signal with the feedback signal of the pitch mechanism and the yaw mechanism, the speed loop control module is used to respond to the feedback signal of the drive mechanism, and use the sum of the feedback signal of the drive mechanism and the position loop output signal as the speed loop output signal of the speed loop control module to control the output speed of the drive mechanism, the current loop control module responds to the feedback signal of the drive mechanism, the pitch mechanism and the yaw mechanism, and uses the sum of the feedback signal of the drive mechanism, the pitch mechanism and the yaw mechanism and the speed loop output signal as the current loop output signal of the current loop control module to control the output torque of the drive mechanism, the pitch mechanism and the yaw mechanism.

[0022] It can be seen from the above technical scheme that the present invention discloses a scaled model device of a horizontal-axis wind turbine, which includes a wind turbine blade assembly, a driving mechanism, a pitch mechanism and a yaw mechanism, wherein the wind turbine blade assembly includes a hub and a plurality of blade shafts arranged at intervals along the circumference of the hub, the blade shafts are rotatably arranged on the hub, the driving mechanism includes a first frame and a driving assembly, the driving assembly is arranged on the first frame, and the driving assembly is transmission-connected to the hub, the pitch mechanism is rotationally connected to each blade shaft to drive the blade shaft to rotate relative to the hub, and the yaw mechanism includes a second frame and a yaw assembly, the second frame is rotatably connected to the first frame, the yaw assembly is arranged on the second frame, and the yaw assembly is transmission-connected to the first frame to drive the second frame to reciprocate relative to the second frame.

[0023] The above-mentioned horizontal-axis wind turbine scale model device also includes a driving mechanism, a pitch mechanism and a yaw mechanism. The yaw of the driving mechanism and the pitch mechanism is realized through the rotational connection between the first frame and the second frame, which provides a mechanical structure foundation for the wind turbine to track wind direction changes, ensure that the blades are always facing the wind direction, and maximize the wind energy capture efficiency, thereby meeting the research needs of the integrated analysis method of wind turbines under actual variable wind conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a scaled model device of a horizontal axis wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of a scaled model device of a horizontal axis wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of control system connections for a scaled model device of a horizontal-axis wind turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure:

[0029] 1 is a fan blade assembly; 101 is a wheel hub; 102 is a blade shaft; 103 is a blade connector; 2 is a driving mechanism; 201 is a first frame; 202 is a driving motor; 203 is a driving coupling; 204 is an electric slip ring; 3 is a pitch mechanism; 301 is a pitch motor; 302 is an active bevel gear; 303 is a driven bevel gear; 4 is a yaw mechanism; 401 is a second frame; 402 is a yaw motor; 403 is a yaw coupling; 404 is a commutator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] One of the core points of the present invention is to provide a scaled model device of a horizontal-axis wind turbine. The structural design of the scaled model device of the horizontal-axis wind turbine enables it to have driving, pitch changing and yaw functions at the same time, thereby maximizing the wind energy capture efficiency and meeting the research needs of the integrated analysis method of the wind turbine under actual variable wind conditions.

[0031] Another core of the present invention is to provide a control system based on the above-mentioned horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device.

[0032] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1A schematic diagram of the structure of a scaled model device of a horizontal axis wind turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the partial structure of a scaled model device of a horizontal-axis wind turbine provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] An embodiment of the present invention discloses a scaled model device of a horizontal-axis wind turbine, which includes a wind turbine blade assembly 1, a driving mechanism 2, a pitch mechanism 3, and a yaw mechanism 4.

[0035] Among them, the wind turbine blade assembly 1 includes a hub 101 and a plurality of blade shafts 102 arranged at intervals along the circumference of the hub 101, the blade shafts 102 are rotatably disposed on the hub 101, the driving mechanism 2 includes a first frame 201 and a driving assembly, the driving assembly is disposed on the first frame 201, and the driving assembly is transmission-connected to the hub 101, the pitch mechanism 3 is rotationally connected to each blade shaft 102 to drive the blade shaft 102 to rotate relative to the hub 101, thereby adjusting the wind turbine blade angle according to changes in wind conditions, the yaw mechanism 4 includes a second frame 401 and a yaw assembly, the second frame 401 is rotatably connected to the first frame 201, the yaw assembly is disposed on the second frame 401, and the yaw assembly is transmission-connected to the first frame 201 to drive the second frame 401 to reciprocate relative to the second frame 401, so that the driving mechanism 2 and the pitch mechanism 3 yaw.

[0036] Compared with the prior art, the horizontal-axis wind turbine scale model device provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a driving mechanism 2, a pitch mechanism 3 and a yaw mechanism 4. The yaw of the driving mechanism 2 and the pitch mechanism 3 is achieved through the rotational connection between the first frame 201 and the second frame 401, which provides a mechanical structure foundation for the wind turbine to track wind direction changes, ensure that the blades are always facing the wind direction, and maximize the wind energy capture efficiency, thereby meeting the research needs of the integrated analysis method of the wind turbine under actual variable wind conditions.

[0037] like Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment of the present application, the pitch mechanism 3 includes a pitch motor 301, an active bevel gear 302 and a driven bevel gear 303. The active bevel gear 302 is arranged at the output end of the pitch motor 301, and a driven bevel gear 303 is respectively arranged at one end of each blade shaft 102 extending into the hub 101. The active bevel gear 302 is meshed with each driven bevel gear 303. The above-mentioned pitch mechanism 3 can realize the synchronous rotation of multiple blade shafts 102, so that the wind turbine blades connected to each blade shaft 102 can rotate synchronously to adapt to changes in wind conditions.

[0038] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, in order to optimize the assembly space and balance the center of gravity, in one embodiment of the present application, the pitch motor 301 is arranged on the side of the hub 101 away from the drive assembly, that is, the pitch mechanism 3 and the drive mechanism 2 are respectively located on both sides of the hub 101.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the drive assembly includes a drive motor 202 and a drive coupling 203. The output end of the drive motor 202 is connected to the wheel hub 101 through the drive coupling 203. The output end of the drive motor 202 is coaxially connected to the drive coupling 203 to ensure continuous and stable power output.

[0040] For further information, see Figure 1 The drive assembly also includes an electric slip ring 204, and the drive coupling 203 is connected to the hub 101 through the electric slip ring 204. The electric slip ring 204 is fixed to one end of the drive coupling 203 away from the drive motor 202 to prevent the wire from being entangled during rotation and ensure the stability of the electrical connection. A bearing seat can be set on the outer side of the electric slip ring 204 to support the transmission shaft between the drive coupling 203 and the hub 101 and to limit the electric slip ring 204 to ensure stability during rotation.

[0041] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the yaw mechanism 4 includes a yaw motor 402, a yaw coupling 403 and a commutator 404. The yaw motor 402 is connected to the commutator 404 through the yaw coupling 403, and the commutator 404 is transmission-connected to the first frame 201. Furthermore, the commutator 404 and the first frame 201 can be connected to a six-component force sensor through an inclined flange, thereby ensuring a stable structure and accurate data collection while achieving the yaw function.

[0042] To further optimize the above technical solution, in one embodiment of the present application, in order to further optimize the assembly space and balance the center of gravity, the above-mentioned commutator 404 is a right-angle commutator, and the second frame 401 is arranged below or above the first frame 201. The transmission direction is changed by the commutator 404, so that the second frame 401 and the yaw mechanism 4 can be located above or below the first frame 201, thereby increasing the stability of the entire system.

[0043] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 In one embodiment of the present application, a blade connector 103 for connecting a fan blade is provided at one end of the blade shaft 102 away from the hub 101. The blade connector 103 is used to detachably install the fan blade, and a plurality of mounting holes are provided on the circumferential outer surface of the blade connector 103.

[0044] In order to increase the matching strength between the blade connector 103 and the blade shaft 102 , the blade connector 103 further includes a sleeve portion, which is sleeved outside the blade shaft 102 .

[0045] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the hub 101 includes a main body and a plurality of extensions extending radially on the outer circumferential surface of the main body, each extension being provided with a blade shaft 102, and a cavity matching its outer shape is provided inside the hub 101, and the active bevel gear 302, the driven bevel gear 303 and part of the blade shaft 102 of the pitch mechanism 3 are provided in the cavity, and the cavity may adopt a sealing structure and be filled with grease to reduce the wear and stagnation of the active bevel gear 302 and the driven bevel gear 303 and avoid rust.

[0046] The embodiment of the present application also provides a control system based on the horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device described in the above embodiment, the control system includes a current loop control module, a speed loop control module and a position loop control module which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside, the position loop control module is used to generate a position loop setting signal in response to an external signal, and to control the working state of the pitch mechanism 3 and the yaw mechanism 4 by forming a position loop output signal after comparing the position loop setting signal with the feedback signal of the pitch mechanism 3 and the yaw mechanism 4, the speed loop control module is used to respond to the feedback signal of the drive mechanism 2, and use the sum of the feedback signal of the drive mechanism 2 and the position loop output signal as the speed loop output signal of the speed loop control module to control the output speed of the drive mechanism 2, the current loop control module responds to the feedback signal of the drive mechanism 2, the pitch mechanism 3 and the yaw mechanism 4, and uses the sum of the feedback signal of the drive mechanism 2, the pitch mechanism 3 and the yaw mechanism 4 and the speed loop output signal as the current loop output signal of the current loop control module to control the output torque of the drive mechanism 2, the pitch mechanism 3 and the yaw mechanism 4.

[0047] It should be noted that the speed loop control module has the smallest amount of calculation and the fastest dynamic response speed, while the position loop control module has the largest amount of calculation and the slowest dynamic response speed. Therefore, the speed loop control module is selected to control the speed of the drive motor 202. The variable pitch motor 301 and the yaw motor 402 need to be controlled with higher precision by the position loop control module. When adjusting the position loop control module, the speed loop control module needs to be adjusted first, and then the gain is adjusted by adjusting the position loop control module after it stabilizes, and the amount is steadily increased.

[0048] It should be noted that the various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0049] It should be understood that the use of "system", "device", "unit" and / or "module" in this application is only a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, parts or assemblies at different levels. However, if other words can achieve the same purpose, the word can be replaced by other expressions.

[0050] As shown in this application and claims, unless the context clearly indicates an exception, the words "a", "an", "a kind" and / or "the" do not refer to the singular, but also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "include" and "comprise" only indicate the inclusion of clearly identified steps and elements, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. The method or device may also include other steps or elements. The elements defined by the sentence "includes a..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity or device that includes the elements.

[0051] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; "and / or" in this article is only a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, "multiple" means two or more than two.

[0052] If a flow chart is used in the present application, the flow chart is used to illustrate the operations performed by the system according to the embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed accurately in order. On the contrary, each step can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. At the same time, other operations can also be added to these processes, or a certain step or several steps of operations can be removed from these processes.

[0053] It should also be noted that, in this article, terms such as "comprises", "includes" or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that an article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such articles or devices. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the article or device including the above elements.

[0054] The principles and implementation methods of the present invention are described in this article using specific examples. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the core idea of ​​the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, without departing from the principles of the present invention, the present invention can also be improved and modified, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device, characterized in that: include: A fan blade assembly (1), the fan blade assembly (1) comprising a hub (101) and a plurality of blade shafts (101) arranged at intervals along the circumference of the hub (101), the blade shafts (101) being rotatably disposed on the hub (101); A driving mechanism (2), the driving mechanism (2) comprising a first frame (201) and a driving component, the driving component being arranged on the first frame (201), and the driving component being in driving connection with the wheel hub (101); A pitch mechanism (3), the pitch mechanism (3) being rotatably connected to each of the blade shafts (101) so as to drive the blade shaft (101) to rotate relative to the wheel hub (101); A yaw mechanism (4), the yaw mechanism (4) comprising a second frame (401) and a yaw assembly, the second frame (401) being rotatably connected to the first frame (201), the yaw assembly being arranged on the second frame (401), and the yaw assembly being transmission-connected to the first frame (201) so as to drive the second frame (401) to reciprocate relative to the second frame (401).

2. The horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pitch mechanism (3) comprises a pitch motor (301), a driving bevel gear (302) and a driven bevel gear (303); the driving bevel gear (302) is arranged at the output end of the pitch motor (301); one end of each blade shaft (101) extending into the hub (101) is respectively provided with the driven bevel gear (303); the driving bevel gear (302) is meshed with each of the driven bevel gears (303).

3. The horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The variable pitch motor (301) is arranged on a side of the hub (101) away from the drive assembly.

4. The horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The drive assembly comprises a drive motor (202) and a drive coupling (203), and an output end of the drive motor (202) is connected to the wheel hub (101) via the drive coupling (203).

5. The horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The drive assembly further comprises an electric slip ring (204), and the drive coupling (203) is connected to the wheel hub (101) via the electric slip ring (204).

6. The horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The yaw mechanism (4) comprises a yaw motor (402), a yaw coupling (403) and a commutator (404); the yaw motor (402) is connected to the commutator (404) via the yaw coupling (403); and the commutator (404) is transmission-connected to the first frame (201).

7. The horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The commutator (404) is a right-angle commutator, and the second frame (401) is arranged below or above the first frame (201).

8. The horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: A blade connector (103) for connecting a fan blade is provided at one end of the blade shaft (101) away from the hub (101).

9. The horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The hub (101) comprises a main body and a plurality of extension parts extending radially on the outer circumferential surface of the main body, and each of the extension parts is provided with the blade shaft (101).

10. A control system based on the horizontal axis wind turbine scale model device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The control system comprises a current loop control module, a speed loop control module and a position loop control module which are arranged in sequence from the inside to the outside. The position loop control module is used to generate a position loop setting signal in response to an external signal, and to control the working state of the pitch mechanism (3) and the yaw mechanism (4) by comparing the position loop setting signal with the feedback signals of the pitch mechanism (3) and the yaw mechanism (4) to form a position loop output signal. The speed loop control module is used to respond to the feedback signal of the drive mechanism (2), and to use the sum of the feedback signal of the drive mechanism (2) and the position loop output signal as the speed loop output signal of the speed loop control module to control the output speed of the drive mechanism (2). The current loop control module responds to the feedback signals of the drive mechanism (2), the pitch mechanism (3) and the yaw mechanism (4), and to use the sum of the feedback signals of the drive mechanism (2), the pitch mechanism (3) and the yaw mechanism (4) and the speed loop output signal as the current loop output signal of the current loop control module to control the output torque of the drive mechanism (2), the pitch mechanism (3) and the yaw mechanism (4).

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