Method and system for measuring vertical deflection of bridge

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of bridge monitoring, in particular to a method and a system for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge. The bridge vertical deflection measurement method comprises the steps that at least two test hosts are arranged on a main beam at intervals, first test targets are installed on one of the test hosts, and second test target assemblies are arranged on the two sides of each first test target in the test direction; using each test host to measure a first test target adjacent to the test host in the test direction and a second test target assembly between the first test target and the test host to obtain a plurality of test parameters; and unifying the plurality of test parameters into the same coordinate system to form a test result, and analyzing the test result to obtain a bridge vertical deflection measurement result. According to the technical scheme of the host with the target, on the premise that the use precision is not reduced, the image method deflectometer is expanded from a small-and-medium-span bridge to form a long and large bridge, and the use precision is not reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of bridge monitoring, and in particular to a method and system for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge. Background Art

[0002] Bridge engineering is an important infrastructure field, and its safety directly affects the safety of people's lives and property. Among them, the vertical deflection of the bridge is one of the important parameters for evaluating the health of the bridge structure. It reflects the deformation of the bridge in the vertical direction and can be used to evaluate the bearing capacity of the bridge, evaluate the use status of the bridge, and formulate a maintenance plan for the bridge. The traditional method of measuring the vertical deflection of the bridge is mainly to set measuring nails on the bridge and then use a level or total station to measure. However, this method requires a lot of manpower and material resources, and the measurement efficiency is low.

[0003] With the development of image processing and computer vision technology, the bridge vertical deflection measurement method based on image recognition has been gradually applied. In the related technology, by setting measuring point targets on the bridge, then using a camera to shoot the measuring point targets, and finally analyzing the captured images through image processing and computer vision technology, the vertical deflection of the bridge is obtained. The advantage of this method is high measurement efficiency and can realize automated measurement. However, when the span of the bridge is large, the test accuracy decreases rapidly with the increase of the test distance. On the one hand, because the shooting range of the camera is limited, when the test distance increases, the resolution of the image will decrease, thereby affecting the measurement accuracy; on the other hand, when there is a disturbance in the test host, the error caused by this disturbance will be sharply amplified as the distance increases. In the process, when the test host uses a telephoto to monitor the far-end measuring point, the shooting field of view is small and the measuring points taken into account are also small; when the test host uses a short focal length to monitor the near-end measuring point, the test distance is short, and for large-span bridges, the number of measuring points is limited. Therefore, how to design a suitable bridge deflection test method has become a difficult problem that practitioners need to solve urgently. Summary of the invention

[0004] Regarding the related technology, when measuring the vertical deflection of a long-span bridge, the measurement accuracy of the vertical deflection of the bridge is low due to the limited shooting range of the test host camera and the greater impact of disturbance on long-distance measurement.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge, the method comprising:

[0006] At least two test hosts are arranged at intervals on the main beam, one of which is equipped with a first test target, and second test target assemblies are arranged on both sides of each first test target along the test direction;

[0007] Using each test host to measure a first test target adjacent to the test host in a test direction and a second test target assembly between the first test target and the test host to obtain a plurality of test parameters;

[0008] Multiple test parameters are unified into the same coordinate system to form test results, and the test results are analyzed to obtain the vertical deflection measurement results of the bridge.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the at least two test hosts are arranged at intervals on the main beam, including:

[0010] At least two test hosts are installed at multiple sections of the main beam, and an inclinometer is configured for the test host installed with the first test target, and the inclinometer is used to measure the rotation angle of the test host where it is located.

[0011] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, using each test host to measure a first test target adjacent to the test host in a test direction and a second test target assembly between the first test target and the test host includes:

[0012] Using a test host without the first test target installed thereon to measure a first deformation parameter of the first test target and the second test target assembly adjacent thereto in a test direction;

[0013] A test host computer equipped with the first test target is used to measure a second deformation parameter of a second test target assembly adjacent to the first test target assembly in a test direction.

[0014] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, using each test host to measure a first test target adjacent to the test host in a test direction and a second test target assembly between the first test target and the test host further includes:

[0015] Using a test host to measure the distance between a first test target and a second test target assembly adjacent to the test host in a test direction and the test host;

[0016] The rotation angle of the test host is obtained through the inclinometer.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, unifying multiple test parameters into the same coordinate system to form a test result includes:

[0018] Correcting the second deformation parameter according to the deformation of the first test target, the rotation angle of the test host, and the distance parameter between the test host and the second test target assembly to obtain a second corrected deformation;

[0019] The first deformation parameter and the second modified deformation are taken as test results.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, the second deformation parameter is corrected according to the deformation of the first test target, the rotation angle of the test host, and the distance parameter between the test host and the second test target assembly, including:

[0021] The deformation parameter h of the second test target assembly is corrected to obtain a corrected deformation parameter h' of the second test target assembly:

[0022] h'=h-h4-a×L

[0023] Wherein, h is the deformation parameter of the third test target assembly, h4 is the deformation of the first test target, a is the rotation angle of the test host on which the first test target is installed, and L is the distance between the test host on which the first test target is installed and the second test target assembly.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in one embodiment, second test target assemblies are arranged on both sides of each first test target along a test direction, including:

[0025] Three second test targets are arranged at intervals between two adjacent test hosts;

[0026] Two third test targets are arranged at intervals on the test host installed with the first test target on a side away from the second test target in the test direction.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in one implementation, analyzing the test results to obtain the bridge vertical deflection measurement results includes:

[0028] An image recognition algorithm based on deep learning is used to perform data analysis on the first test parameter and the second test parameter unified in the same coordinate system to obtain the vertical deflection information of the bridge.

[0029] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a system for measuring vertical deflection of a bridge, characterized in that it includes:

[0030] At least two test hosts, the two test hosts are arranged at intervals on the main beam, and a first test target is installed on one of the test hosts;

[0031] At least two second test target assemblies are installed on the main beam, the two second test target assemblies are respectively located on both sides of the first test target in the test direction, and at least one first test target is located between the first test target and the test host.

[0032] In combination with the second aspect, in one implementation, the test host includes an industrial camera; and the first test target includes a circular reflective target with a diameter of 50 mm.

[0033] The beneficial effects brought by the technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application include:

[0034] This application reduces the distance between the test host and the target point by arranging multiple test hosts on multiple sections of the bridge, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. Especially in the case of a large span of the bridge, it can effectively solve the problem in the prior art that the test accuracy decreases rapidly with the increase of the test distance. In addition, this application uses the technical solution of the host with a target to expand the image deflectometer from small and medium span bridges to long and large bridges without reducing the accuracy of use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a system for measuring vertical deflection of a bridge in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a test host and a first test target in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] In the figure: 1, test host; 2, first test target; 3, second test target; 4, third test target. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the present application, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0039] Regarding the related technology, when measuring the vertical deflection of a long-span bridge, the measurement accuracy of the vertical deflection of the bridge is low due to the limited shooting range of the test host camera and the greater impact of disturbance on long-distance measurement.

[0040] In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge, characterized in that the method for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge comprises:

[0041] Step S1 , at least two test hosts 1 are arranged at intervals on the main beam, wherein a first test target 2 is installed on one of the test hosts 1 .

[0042] It should be noted that a suitable test host 1 and test target should be selected according to the actual working conditions of the bridge.

[0043] In some optional embodiments, Figure 2As shown, an industrial camera with high resolution and stability is used as the test host 1. The resolution of the industrial camera is 2048×2048 pixels and the frame rate is 60fps. The test target of the measuring point is a circular reflective target with a diameter of 50mm, made of white plastic with high reflectivity.

[0044] Specifically, the above step S1 includes:

[0045] Step S1a, installing at least two test hosts 1 at multiple sections of the main beam, and configuring an inclinometer for the test host 1 installed with the first test target 2, the inclinometer being used to measure the rotation angle of the test host 1 where it is located.

[0046] Furthermore, the test host 1 is installed at a stable position such as a pier on a bridge.

[0047] It should be noted that if Figure 2 As shown, since the test host 1 rotates during measurement, the image and other data measured by the test host 1 are not in the same coordinate system as the test parameters measured by other test hosts 1. The inclinometer can monitor the rotation and correct the parameters according to the rotation angle in subsequent steps to unify them into one coordinate system.

[0048] In some preferred embodiments, more than two test hosts 1 may be provided to meet bridge measurement requirements.

[0049] Step S1a: simultaneously arranging second test target assemblies on both sides of each first test target 2 along the test direction.

[0050] It is understandable that when more than two test hosts 1 are arranged, each first test target 2 and the test host 1 where it is located are provided with second test target components on both sides of the test direction thereof, and a set of second test target components must be provided between two test hosts 1 .

[0051] Step S2: Use each test host 1 to measure a first test target 2 adjacent to it in a test direction and a second test target assembly between the first test target 2 and the test host 1 to obtain a plurality of test parameters.

[0052] It is understandable that the above test direction is Figure 1In the direction of the arrow in the figure. The present application arranges multiple test hosts 1 in multiple sections of the main beam. Each test host 1 only needs to collect images of the test targets of the second test target assembly adjacent to it and the adjacent first test target 2. The distance between the test host 1 and the measuring point target is reduced, thereby improving the measurement accuracy, especially in the case of a large span of the bridge, which can effectively solve the problem that the test accuracy decreases rapidly with the increase of the test distance. Furthermore, by using the test host 1 with the first test target 2, relay testing between test hosts can be achieved, and the image method deflection meter can be expanded from small and medium span bridges to long and large bridges.

[0053] Specifically, the above step S2 includes:

[0054] Step S2a: using the test host 1 without the first test target 2 installed thereon to measure the first deformation parameter of the first test target 2 and the second test target assembly adjacent thereto in the test direction.

[0055] Step S2b: using the test host 1 equipped with the first test target 2 to measure a second deformation parameter of a second test target assembly adjacent to the first test target 2 in the test direction.

[0056] It should be noted that, since the test host 1 rotates during the test process, the second deformation parameter and the first deformation parameter are not in the same coordinate system.

[0057] Step S2c: using the test host 1 to measure the distance between a first test target 2 and a second test target assembly adjacent to the test host 1 in the test direction, and obtaining the rotation angle of the test host 1 through an inclinometer.

[0058] Step S3: unify multiple test parameters into the same coordinate system to form test results, and analyze the test results to obtain the vertical deflection measurement results of the bridge.

[0059] In some specific implementations, step S3 includes:

[0060] Step S3a, correcting the second deformation parameter according to the deformation of the first test target 2, the rotation angle of the test host 1, and the distance parameter between the test host 1 and the second test target assembly to obtain a second corrected deformation.

[0061] Specifically, the above-mentioned unified coordinate system process includes: correcting the deformation parameter h of the second test target assembly to obtain the corrected deformation parameter h' of the second test target assembly:

[0062] h'=h-h4-a×L

[0063] Wherein, h is the deformation parameter of the third test target assembly, h4 is the deformation of the first test target 2, a is the rotation angle of the test host 1 installed with the first test target 2, and L is the distance between the test host 1 installed with the first test target 2 and the second test target assembly.

[0064] It should be noted that when there are multiple test hosts 1 equipped with the first test target 2, the test parameters of the test host 1 should be gradually unified to the previous test host coordinate system according to the test direction, until all are unified to the one stable test host 1 without the first test target 2 installed (i.e. Figure 1 In the coordinate system of the leftmost test host 1).

[0065] Step S4: taking the first deformation parameter and the second modified deformation as test results.

[0066] Specifically, an image recognition algorithm based on deep learning is used to perform real-time data processing and analysis on the first test parameter and the second test parameter in the same coordinate system to obtain the vertical deflection information of the bridge, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the test results.

[0067] Furthermore, in this embodiment, a genetic algorithm can be used to process and analyze the test data in real time, which can further improve the test accuracy, and can also reduce manual intervention and workload. Through the above steps, high-precision and high-efficiency bridge vertical deflection measurement can be achieved.

[0068] The present application provides a specific implementation of measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge, which includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Select a suitable test host 1 and test point target.

[0070] Specifically, an industrial camera with high resolution and stability was selected as the test host 1, with a resolution of 2048×2048 pixels and a frame rate of 60fps. A circular reflective target with a diameter of 50mm and made of white plastic with high reflectivity was selected as the measuring point target.

[0071] Step 2: Arrange multiple test hosts 1 on multiple sections of the main beam, and arrange test targets on the bridge.

[0072] The present application provides a specific embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, three second test targets 3 are arranged between two adjacent test hosts 1, and two third test targets 4 are arranged on the side of the test host 1 installed with the first test target 2 and away from the second test target 3 in the test direction. That is, three second test targets 3 are arranged between the test host 1 installed with the first test target 2 and the adjacent test host 1.

[0073] It is understandable that the test host 1 without the first test target 2 is referred to as CAM1. The test host 1 with the first test target 2 is referred to as CAM-TAG1. The three second test targets 3 are TAG1, TAG2, and TAG3 in the test direction. The two third test targets 4 are TAG4 and TAG5 in the test direction.

[0074] Step 3: Use CAM-TAG1 between test hosts to realize relay test between test hosts 1. CAM-TAG1 serves as both test host 1 and test target. The deformation of adjacent CAM-TAG1 measured by CAM1 is used as the correction value for subsequent target test data such as TAG4 and TAG5; all target test results along the longitudinal direction of the bridge are unified into the same coordinate system.

[0075] Specifically, the above unified calculation steps include:

[0076] Step A, CAM1 is a stable test host, assuming that the deformation of TAG1 obtained by CAM1 test is h1, the deformation of TAG2 is h2, the deformation of TAG3 is h3, the deformation of CAM-TAG1 is h4, and the rotation angle of the test host 1 of CAM-TAG1 is a;

[0077] Step B, CAMTAG1 is a test host configured with a target, and the deformation of TAG4 measured by the test host 1 of CAM-TAG1 is h5, and the deformation of TAG5 is h6;

[0078] Step C: Unify the test results of TAG4 and TAG5 targets into the coordinate system of CAM1 test results, and obtain the deformation h5' and h6' of TAG4 and TAG5 after the unified coordinate system:

[0079] h5'=h5-h4-a×L5

[0080] h6'=h6-h4-a×(L5+L6)

[0081] Wherein, h4 is the deformation of CAM-TAG1, a is the rotation angle of the test host 1 of CAM-TAG1, L5 is the distance between CAM-TAG1 and TAG4, and L6 is the distance between TAG5 and TAG4.

[0082] It is worth noting that, when more than two third test targets 4 are arranged, the calculation process of the coordinate system 1 is the same as the above steps, and the same can be applied.

[0083] Step 4: When there are multiple test hosts CAM-TAG configured with targets, the test results of the test hosts CAM-TAG should be gradually unified to the coordinate system of the previous test host 1 according to the test direction, until all are unified to the coordinate system of CAM1, a stable and immobile test host.

[0084] Step 4: Use advanced image recognition technology to monitor and analyze the measurement point targets in real time to obtain the vertical deflection information of the bridge. In this embodiment, we use an image recognition algorithm based on deep learning to monitor and analyze the measurement point targets in real time to obtain the vertical deflection information of the bridge.

[0085] Step 5: Use intelligent optimization algorithm to process and analyze test data in real time to improve the accuracy and reliability of test results. In this embodiment, we use genetic algorithm to process and analyze test data in real time, which can further improve test accuracy, reduce manual intervention and reduce workload. Through the above steps, we can achieve high-precision and high-efficiency bridge vertical deflection measurement.

[0086] In a second aspect, the present application provides a bridge vertical deflection measurement system, which includes: at least two test hosts 1, at least two second test target assemblies; wherein,

[0087] At least two test hosts 1, the two test hosts 1 are arranged at intervals on the main beam, and a first test target 2 is installed on one of the test hosts 1; at least two second test target assemblies, which are installed on the main beam, the two second test target assemblies are respectively located on both sides of the first test target 2 in the test direction, and at least one first test target 2 is located between the first test target 2 and the test host 1.

[0088] Preferably, an industrial camera with high resolution and stability is used as the test host 1. The resolution of the industrial camera is 2048×2048 pixels and the frame rate is 60fps. The test target of the measuring point is a circular reflective target with a diameter of 50mm, made of white plastic with high reflectivity.

[0089] In summary, the present application reduces the distance between the test host and the target point by arranging multiple test hosts on multiple sections of the bridge, thereby improving the measurement accuracy. Especially in the case of a large span of the bridge, it can effectively solve the problem in the prior art that the test accuracy decreases rapidly with the increase of the test distance. In addition, the present application utilizes the technical solution of the host with a target, and expands the image deflectometer from small and medium span bridges to long and large bridges without reducing the accuracy of use.

[0090] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform, and of course by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, disk, CD) as described above, and includes a number of instructions for a terminal device to execute the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0091] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof in the specification and claims of this application and the above-mentioned drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but optionally includes steps or units that are not listed, or optionally includes other steps or units inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. The terms "first", "second" and "third" are used to distinguish different objects, etc., and do not represent a sequence, nor do they limit "first", "second" and "third" to different types.

[0092] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, "exemplary", "for example" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary", "for example" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary", "for example" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.

[0093] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, “ / ” means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; the “and / or” in the text is merely a description of the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, “multiple” refers to two or more than two.

[0094] In some processes described in the embodiments of the present application, multiple operations or steps that appear in a specific order are included, but it should be understood that these operations or steps may not be executed in the order in which they appear in the embodiments of the present application or in parallel, and the sequence number of the operation is only used to distinguish the different operations, and the sequence number itself does not represent any execution order. In addition, these processes may include more or fewer operations, and these operations or steps may be executed in sequence or in parallel, and these operations or steps may be combined.

[0095] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge, characterized in that: The bridge vertical deflection measurement method comprises: At least two test hosts (1) are arranged at intervals on the main beam, one of the test hosts (1) being equipped with a first test target (2), and second test target assemblies are arranged on both sides of each first test target (2) along the test direction; Using each test host (1) to measure a first test target (2) adjacent to it in a test direction and a second test target assembly between the first test target (2) and the test host (1) to obtain a plurality of test parameters; Multiple test parameters are unified into the same coordinate system to form test results, and the test results are analyzed to obtain the vertical deflection measurement results of the bridge.

2. The method for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The at least two test hosts (1) are arranged at intervals on the main beam, comprising: At least two test hosts (1) are installed at multiple sections of the main beam, and an inclinometer is configured for the test host (1) installed with the first test target (2), the inclinometer being used to measure the rotation angle of the test host (1) on which it is located.

3. The method for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method of using each test host (1) to measure a first test target (2) adjacent to the test host in a test direction and a second test target assembly between the first test target (2) and the test host (1) comprises: Using a test host (1) without the first test target (2) installed thereon, measuring a first deformation parameter of the first test target (2) and the second test target assembly adjacent thereto in a test direction; A test host (1) equipped with a first test target (2) is used to measure a second deformation parameter of a second test target component adjacent to the first test target in a test direction.

4. The method for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge according to claim 3, characterized in that: The method of using each test host (1) to measure a first test target (2) adjacent to the test host in the test direction and a second test target assembly between the first test target (2) and the test host (1) further comprises: Using a test host (1) to measure the distance between a first test target (2) and a second test target assembly adjacent to the test host (1) in a test direction; The rotation angle of the test host (1) is obtained by using an inclinometer.

5. The method for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge according to claim 4, characterized in that: Unify multiple test parameters into the same coordinate system to form test results, including: Correcting the second deformation parameter according to the deformation of the first test target (2), the rotation angle of the test host (1), and the distance parameter between the test host (1) and the second test target component to obtain a second corrected deformation; The first deformation parameter and the second modified deformation are taken as test results.

6. The method for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge according to claim 5, characterized in that: The method of correcting the second deformation parameter according to the deformation of the first test target (2), the rotation angle of the test host (1), and the distance parameter between the test host (1) and the second test target assembly comprises: The deformation parameter h of the second test target assembly is corrected to obtain a corrected deformation parameter h' of the second test target assembly: h'=h-h4-a×L In the formula, h is the deformation parameter of the third test target assembly, h4 is the deformation of the first test target (2), a is the rotation angle of the test host (1) on which the first test target (2) is installed, and L is the distance between the test host (1) on which the first test target (2) is installed and the second test target assembly.

7. The method for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: Arranging second test target assemblies on both sides of each first test target (2) along the test direction, comprising: Three second test targets (3) are arranged at intervals between two adjacent test hosts (1); Two third test targets (4) are arranged at intervals on a test host (1) on which a first test target (2) is installed, on a side away from the second test target (3) in the test direction.

8. The method for measuring the vertical deflection of a bridge according to claim 1, characterized in that: The analysis of the test results to obtain the vertical deflection measurement results of the bridge includes: An image recognition algorithm based on deep learning is used to perform data analysis on the first test parameter and the second test parameter unified in the same coordinate system to obtain the vertical deflection information of the bridge.

9. A bridge vertical deflection measurement system, characterized in that: include: At least two test hosts (1), the two test hosts (1) are arranged at intervals on the main beam, and a first test target (2) is installed on one of the test hosts (1); At least two second test target assemblies are installed on the main beam, the two second test target assemblies are respectively located on both sides of the first test target (2) in the test direction, and at least one first test target (2) is located between the first test target (2) and the test host (1).

10. The bridge vertical deflection measurement system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The test host (1) includes an industrial camera; The first test target (2) comprises a circular reflective target with a diameter of 50 mm.

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