Device for testing bearing capacity of purlin bracket component or node of photovoltaic bracket

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic support purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device, which comprises a testing machine, a base assembly, a first support assembly and a second support assembly, the mounting plate is arranged on the base assembly through a horizontally-arranged center shaft, the mounting plate can rotate around the center shaft so as to adjust the pitching angle of the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is further connected with the mounting plate through an angle adjusting and fixing assembly so as to fix the pitching angle of the mounting plate; the mounting plate is used for arranging a to-be-tested purlin holder component or a node; the upper end of the flexible force transmission assembly is connected with a stretching head of the testing machine, and the lower end of the flexible force transmission assembly is connected with a to-be-tested purlin holder component or a node. Correspondingly, the invention further discloses a method for testing the bearing capacity of the purlin holder component or the node of the photovoltaic support. According to the invention, quick installation of purlin holder members or joints with different sizes and specifications can be met, working conditions in different load directions can be realized, and tests of stretching, bending and composite stress states can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a testing device and method, and in particular to a testing device and method for the mechanical properties of a component. Background Art

[0002] Photovoltaic brackets are important supporting structures of photovoltaic power stations, among which purlin brackets are key components that support purlins. They form purlin bracket nodes with purlins and diagonal beams and jointly bear the function of fixing and carrying photovoltaic modules. Since most photovoltaic power stations are located in the wild, the wind and snow conditions are relatively severe. Photovoltaic modules will bear loads from multiple directions, and all these loads will be transferred to purlin brackets and nodes. Therefore, the reliability of purlin brackets and nodes directly affects the service safety of modules. If the load exceeds the ultimate bearing capacity of purlin brackets or nodes, the purlin brackets will bend and deform or even become unstable or fail, resulting in module damage and failure of the entire photovoltaic bracket structure. The existing design cannot accurately evaluate the purlin brackets and nodes. In some engineering projects, there are cases where module damage occurs due to failure of purlin bracket nodes. It is urgent to realize scientific evaluation of purlin bracket nodes, which will not only help the design of photovoltaic bracket projects to be economical and reliable, reduce project losses and maintenance costs, but also serve as a reliable method for failure analysis of photovoltaic bracket purlin bracket processing and material selection quality. However, according to actual working conditions, the loads borne by purlins and nodes may come from multiple directions, and it is necessary to conduct effective multi-directional tests on the bearing performance of purlin support components and nodes.

[0003] The Chinese patent document with publication number CN216977985U and publication date July 15, 2022, and titled "A photovoltaic bracket purlin test device" discloses a test device, including a mounting bracket, a purlin fixing device, and a loading device, through which the load is applied instead of a counterweight such as a sandbag. However, this solution tests the strength of the purlin structure itself, and the simple loading direction cannot meet the test of complex purlin support methods.

[0004] The Chinese patent document with publication number CN113091631A and publication date July 9, 2021, entitled "A detection device and method for preventing deformation of photovoltaic brackets" discloses that, by using a detection device set on the photovoltaic panel and using the working principle of photoelectric comparison, the traditional method of directly detecting the photovoltaic bracket is abandoned, and the position change of the photovoltaic panel group is detected to identify the state of the photovoltaic bracket. This patent detects the deformation of the photovoltaic panel installation surface after the photovoltaic bracket is put into use, and cannot test the ultimate bearing capacity of the photovoltaic bracket structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device for a photovoltaic bracket, which can realize multi-directional bearing limit testing of purlin support members and nodes based on a tensile testing machine, and has simple and safe operation and high measurement accuracy.

[0006] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention proposes a purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support, which includes a testing machine and further includes:

[0007] Base assembly;

[0008] A mounting plate, which is arranged on the base assembly through a horizontally arranged central axis, the mounting plate can rotate around the central axis to adjust the pitch angle of the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is also connected to the base assembly through an angle adjustment fixing assembly to fix the pitch angle of the mounting plate; the mounting plate is used to set the purlin support member or node to be measured;

[0009] The upper end of the flexible force transmission component is connected to the tensile head of the testing machine, and the lower end is used to connect to the purlin support member or node to be tested.

[0010] Furthermore, in the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention, the base assembly includes a bottom plate and vertically arranged side plates, and the side plates are connected to both ends of the bottom plate in the length direction.

[0011] In some further embodiments, the length and width of the bottom plate are not less than the mounting plate, and the length and width of the bottom plate correspond to more than twice the length and width of the purlin support member or node to be tested, and the thickness of the bottom plate is not less than 30 mm.

[0012] Furthermore, in the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention, the angle adjustment fixing assembly includes:

[0013] A first screw hole, which is provided on a side surface of the mounting plate;

[0014] A plurality of second screw holes are arranged in a ring shape on the side plate with the axis of the central axis as the center of the circle;

[0015] A fixing bolt is correspondingly arranged in the first screw hole and the corresponding second screw hole to fix the pitch angle of the mounting plate.

[0016] Furthermore, in the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device for the photovoltaic support described in the present invention, the purlin support member or node to be tested is set on the mounting plate by mounting bolts, and a gasket is also provided between the mounting bolts and the purlin support member or node to be tested.

[0017] Furthermore, in the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic bracket described in the present invention, when the purlin support member to be tested is tested, at least two gaskets are arranged in the height direction; when the node to be tested is tested, one gasket is arranged in the height direction.

[0018] Furthermore, in the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention, the thickness of the mounting plate is not less than 30 mm, and its width is more than twice the width of the purlin support member or node to be tested.

[0019] Furthermore, in the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention, the flexible force transmission component includes:

[0020] Pull block;

[0021] A lower hinge connected to the lower end of the pull block and to the purlin support member or node to be tested, so that the purlin support member or node to be tested can rotate around the axis of the lower hinge;

[0022] An upper hinge connected to the upper end of the pull block and to the stretching head of the testing machine so that the pull block can rotate around the axis of the upper hinge;

[0023] The axis of the upper hinge and the axis of the lower hinge are parallel to the axis of the central axis.

[0024] Furthermore, in the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention, the flexible force transmission component also includes a connecting piece, and the upper hinge is connected to the stretching head of the testing machine through the connecting piece.

[0025] Furthermore, in the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention, the upper hinge and the lower hinge both include:

[0026] A T-shaped piece, the vertical portion of which is provided as a bolt;

[0027] A sleeve, in which the transverse portion of the T-shaped piece is rotatably disposed.

[0028] Furthermore, in the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention, the thickness and width of the pull block are not less than twice the thickness and width of the purlin support member or node to be tested, and the length of the pull block is not less than the total outline length of the purlin support member or node to be tested.

[0029] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for testing the bearing capacity of purlin support components or nodes of a photovoltaic bracket, which can perform multi-directional bearing limit tests on purlin support components and nodes, and has simple and safe operation and high measurement accuracy.

[0030] Based on the above invention purpose, the present invention provides a method for testing the bearing capacity of purlin support components or nodes of a photovoltaic support, which is implemented based on the device for testing the bearing capacity of purlin support components or nodes of a photovoltaic support as described above.

[0031] Furthermore, the method for testing the bearing capacity of a purlin support member or a node of a photovoltaic support according to the present invention comprises the steps of:

[0032] 100: Make the mounting plate at the initial pitch angle;

[0033] 200: Start the testing machine, control the loading mode by displacement, set the loading speed to be controlled by displacement of not less than 0.5 mm / s, and stretch until the purlin support member or node to be tested fails and deforms or reaches the fixed displacement target value;

[0034] 300: Replace the purlin support member or node to be tested, and adjust the pitch angle of the mounting plate to re-execute step 200;

[0035] 400: Based on the collected test data, draw a load-displacement curve.

[0036] The photovoltaic support purlin component or node bearing capacity testing device of the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0037] The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention is small in size, simple to install and easy to operate, and can meet the needs of rapid installation of purlin support members or nodes of different sizes and specifications. Working conditions in different load directions can be achieved by adjusting the angle of the purlin support mounting plate.

[0038] The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention adopts a flexible force transmission system, which solves the problem that the conventional tensile end can only rise and fall vertically and is not suitable for loading in complex directions, and can realize stretching, bending and composite stress states.

[0039] The device and method for testing the bearing capacity of purlin support components or nodes of a photovoltaic support described in the present invention effectively reproduce the complex working conditions that the purlin support may withstand in the support system, and can not only effectively evaluate the ultimate bearing performance of the purlin support components, but also evaluate the overall deformation resistance of the node by replacing the purlin support components with a combination of purlin supports, inclined beams and purlins, filling the gap in the structural bearing risk assessment method of purlin support components and nodes of photovoltaic supports. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support according to the present invention is shown in one embodiment.

[0041] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a flexible force transmission component of a purlin support member or a node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support according to the present invention is shown in one embodiment.

[0042] Figure 3The test state of the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention under the tensile condition is shown.

[0043] Figure 4 The test state of the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention under bending conditions is shown.

[0044] Figure 5 The test state of the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention under the tension-bending composite working condition is shown. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device and method of the photovoltaic support described in the present invention will be further explained and illustrated below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments of the specification. However, such explanation and illustration do not constitute an improper limitation on the technical solution of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support according to the present invention is shown in one embodiment.

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, in this embodiment, the purlin support member or node bearing capacity test device includes: a base assembly; a mounting plate 4, on which the purlin support member or node 9 to be tested is arranged, the mounting plate 4 is arranged on the base assembly through a horizontally arranged central axis 5, and the mounting plate 4 can rotate around the central axis 5 to adjust the pitch angle of the mounting plate 4 to perform tests under different working conditions. The mounting plate 4 is also connected to the base assembly through an angle adjustment fixing assembly to fix the pitch angle of the mounting plate. The upper end of the flexible force transmission assembly 6 is connected to the stretching head of the testing machine, and the lower end thereof is connected to the purlin support member or node 9 to be tested.

[0048] like Figure 1 As shown, in some more specific embodiments, the base assembly includes a bottom plate 1, a left side plate 2, and a right side plate 3. Among them, a plurality of screw holes are provided on the horizontal surface of the bottom plate 1, so that the bottom plate 1 is fixed to the platform of the test machine by bolts 7. In addition, screw holes are also provided on the end surfaces of both sides of the bottom plate 1, which are connected to the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 by bolts 7. In some specific embodiments, the length and width of the bottom plate 1 are not less than that of the mounting plate 4, and its length and width correspond to more than twice the length and width of the purlin support member or node 9 to be tested, and the thickness is not less than 30 mm.

[0049] Continue reading Figure 1, the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are connected to the two ends of the bottom plate 1 symmetrically, and the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 are connected to the bottom plate 1 through two screw holes respectively set at the lower part thereof. In addition, a plurality of second screw holes are also distributed on the plane of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3, which are arranged in a ring shape on the side plate with the axis of the central axis as the center of the circle, and the ring diameter of the screw hole arrangement is the same as the screw hole spacing on the side of the mounting plate 4. The number of the second screw holes determines the number of adjustable angles of the mounting plate 4. For example, by setting 12 second screw holes, the pitch angle of the mounting plate 4 can be adjusted by 30°.

[0050] Correspondingly, each side of the mounting plate 4 is also provided with at least two first screw holes and one pair of through holes, the pair of through holes is used to pass through the central axis 5, the first screw hole is used to cooperate with the second screw hole, and the fixing bolts pass through the first screw hole and the second screw hole accordingly to fix the pitch angle of the mounting plate 4. A screw hole is also provided in the middle position of the plane of the mounting plate 4, and the screw hole is used to connect with the mounting bolt. The purlin support member or node 9 to be tested is provided on the mounting plate 4 through the mounting bolt, and a gasket 8 is also provided between the mounting bolt and the purlin support member or node 9 to be tested.

[0051] When testing the purlin support member to be tested, at least two gaskets 8 may be provided in the height direction; when testing the node to be tested, one gasket 8 may be provided in the height direction.

[0052] In some more specific embodiments, the length and width of the mounting plate 4 are more than twice the length and width of the purlin support member or node 9 to be tested, and the thickness is not less than 30 mm.

[0053] Continue reading Figure 1 The center axis 5 passes through the center through-holes of the mounting plate 4 and the left and right plates 2 and 3, and its diameter matches the diameter of the center through-hole, and its length is not less than the width of the mounting plate 4 plus the thickness of the left and right plates 2 and 3.

[0054] In the present invention, the flexible force transmission component 6 is used to flexibly connect the purlin support members or the nodes 9 and transmit the load.

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a flexible force transmission component of a purlin support member or a node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support according to the present invention is shown in one embodiment.

[0056] like Figure 2As shown, in some embodiments, the flexible force transmission component includes a pull block 61, an upper hinge 62, a lower hinge 63, and a connector 64. The upper hinge 62 and the lower hinge 63 have the same structure, both including: a T-shaped piece, the vertical part of which is set as a bolt; a sleeve, and the transverse part of the T-shaped piece is rotatably arranged in the sleeve. In some embodiments, the upper hinge 62 and the lower hinge 63 are fixed at both ends of the pull block 61 in the length direction by welding, and the T-shaped piece is connected to the purlin support member or the node 9 and the connector 64, and the connector 64 is connected to the tensile head of the testing machine.

[0057] In some more specific embodiments, the thickness and width of the pull block 61 are not less than twice the thickness and width of the purlin support member or node 9 to be tested, and the length is not less than the total length of the L-shaped profile of the purlin support member or node 9 to be tested.

[0058] The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support of the present invention can be installed by the following steps:

[0059] The bottom plate 1 is connected with the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3 by bolts 7; the purlin support member or node 9 to be tested is fixed on the mounting plate 4 by bolts 7 through mounting bolts, and is connected to the lower hinge 63. When the purlin support node is tested, one gasket 8 can be configured, and when only the purlin support member is tested, at least two gaskets are placed; the central through holes on the side of the mounting plate 4 are overlapped with the through holes of the left side plate 2 and the right side plate 3, and the central axis 5 passes through them. At this time, the purlin support member or node 9 to be tested and the mounting plate 4 are in a state of being rotatable around the central axis 5 in the device.

[0060] Based on the above-mentioned photovoltaic support purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device, a photovoltaic support purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing method is performed, which may include the following steps:

[0061] 100: Make the mounting plate 4 at an initial pitch angle, for example Figure 3 As shown in FIG. 0°, the pitch angle of the mounting plate 4 is fixed by bolts 7 through the second screw holes of the left plate 2 and the right plate 3 and the first screw hole of the mounting plate 4, so as to carry out the test under the tensile condition; the upper hinge 62 is connected to the connecting piece 64 and connected to the tensile head of the testing machine; the bottom plate 1 is fixed to the testing machine platform by bolts 7, and it is noted that the tensile head of the testing machine is controlled to be on the same vertical line as the central axis 5;

[0062] 200: Start the testing machine, control the loading mode by displacement, set the loading speed to be controlled by displacement of not less than 0.5 mm / s, and stretch until the purlin support member or node 9 to be tested fails or deforms or reaches the fixed displacement target value;

[0063] 300: Replace the purlin support member or node to be tested, and adjust the pitch angle of the mounting plate 4, for example Figure 4 The bending condition and Figure 5 The stretching-bending composite working condition shown is used to re-execute step 200;

[0064] 400: Based on the collected test data, draw a load-displacement curve.

[0065] It can be seen that the present invention can meet the needs of rapid installation of purlin support members or nodes of different sizes and specifications, can realize working conditions of different load directions, and can realize testing of tensile, bending and composite stress states.

[0066] It should be noted that the prior art in the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the embodiments given in the present application documents. All prior art that does not contradict the solutions of the present invention, including but not limited to prior patent documents, prior public publications, prior public uses, etc., can be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

[0067] In addition, the combination of the various technical features in this case is not limited to the combination described in the claims of this case or the combination described in the specific embodiments. All technical features recorded in this case can be freely combined or combined in any way unless there is a contradiction between them.

[0068] It should also be noted that the above-listed embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and similar changes or modifications made therewith can be directly derived or easily associated with by those skilled in the art from the contents disclosed in the present invention, and all should belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device for a photovoltaic support, comprising a testing machine, characterized in that: Also includes: Base assembly; A mounting plate, which is arranged on the base assembly through a horizontally arranged central axis, the mounting plate can rotate around the central axis to adjust the pitch angle of the mounting plate, and the mounting plate is also connected to the base assembly through an angle adjustment fixing assembly to fix the pitch angle of the mounting plate; the mounting plate is used to set the purlin support member or node to be measured; The upper end of the flexible force transmission component is connected to the tensile head of the testing machine, and the lower end is used to connect to the purlin support member or node to be tested.

2. The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The base assembly includes a bottom plate and vertically arranged side plates, and the side plates are connected to both ends of the bottom plate in the length direction.

3. The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The angle adjustment fixing assembly comprises: A first screw hole, which is provided on a side surface of the mounting plate; A plurality of second screw holes are arranged in a ring shape on the side plate with the axis of the central axis as the center of the circle; A fixing bolt is correspondingly arranged in the first screw hole and the corresponding second screw hole to fix the pitch angle of the mounting plate.

4. The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The purlin support member or node to be measured is arranged on the mounting plate through mounting bolts, and a gasket is arranged between the mounting bolts and the purlin support member or node to be measured.

5. The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: When testing the purlin support member to be tested, at least two gaskets are arranged in the height direction; when testing the node to be tested, one gasket is arranged in the height direction.

6. The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the mounting plate is not less than 30 mm, and its width is more than twice the width of the purlin support member or node to be tested.

7. The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The flexible force transmission component comprises: Pull block; A lower hinge connected to the lower end of the pull block and to the purlin support member or node to be tested, so that the purlin support member or node to be tested can rotate around the axis of the lower hinge; An upper hinge connected to the upper end of the pull block and to the stretching head of the testing machine so that the pull block can rotate around the axis of the upper hinge; The axis of the upper hinge and the axis of the lower hinge are parallel to the axis of the central axis.

8. The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The flexible force transmission component also includes a connecting piece, and the upper hinge is connected to the stretching head of the testing machine through the connecting piece.

9. The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The upper hinge and the lower hinge both include: A T-shaped piece, the vertical portion of which is provided as a bolt; A sleeve, in which the transverse portion of the T-shaped piece is rotatably disposed.

10. The purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of a photovoltaic support as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The thickness and width of the pull block are not less than twice the thickness and width of the purlin support member or node to be measured, and the length of the pull block is not less than the total length of the outline of the purlin support member or node to be measured.

11. A method for testing the bearing capacity of a purlin support member or a node of a photovoltaic support, characterized in that: It is implemented based on the purlin support member or node bearing capacity testing device of the photovoltaic support as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. The method for testing the bearing capacity of a purlin support member or a node of a photovoltaic support according to claim 11, characterized in that: Includes steps: 100: Make the mounting plate at the initial pitch angle; 200: Start the testing machine, control the loading mode by displacement, set the loading speed to be controlled by displacement of not less than 0.5 mm / s, and stretch until the purlin support member or node to be tested fails and deforms or reaches the fixed displacement target value; 300: Replace the purlin support member or node to be tested, and adjust the pitch angle of the mounting plate to re-execute step 200; 400: Based on the collected test data, draw a load-displacement curve.

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