On-line measurement system for irradiation stress corrosion crack propagation of material in reactor

Abstract

The invention provides an in-reactor material irradiation stress corrosion crack propagation on-line measurement system, comprising: a reactor pressure vessel, the interior of which is provided with a test section; the test unit is arranged in the test section, and a sample is arranged in the test unit; the force load adjusting unit is connected with the test unit and is used for stretching the test sample; the device has the beneficial effects that through the arrangement of the reactor pressure vessel, the test unit, the force load adjusting unit and the measurement control unit, the sample is mounted in the test unit, and the measurement control unit controls the force load adjusting unit to form a force load acting on the sample, so that the loading of the reactor internal stress is realized. A plurality of measuring pieces are connected to a sample, potential changes generated by crack propagation in the sample are monitored in real time, and real-time monitoring of crack propagation is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of nuclear power equipment, and specifically relates to an online measurement system for irradiation stress corrosion crack propagation of materials in a reactor. Background Art

[0002] The structure of nuclear power plants is extremely complex, involving a variety of materials. The service performance of materials under the actual operating conditions of nuclear power plants is one of the main issues affecting the safety, economy and service life of nuclear power plants. The harsh operating conditions of nuclear power plants (high temperature, high pressure, complex stress loads, corrosion, neutron and other radiation radiation, etc.) greatly increase the sensitivity of their materials to environmental damage, resulting in stress corrosion cracking (SCC), and cracks will expand without any warning, causing metal components to suddenly break and fail, causing serious accidents. During its evolution, the neutron and other radiation radiation damage of the material coupled with environmental conditions and stress will lead to the phenomenon of neutron irradiation-promoted SCC (i.e., IASCC), which will have a further negative impact on the service performance of the material.

[0003] SCC is the failure behavior of materials under the synergistic effect of tensile stress, corrosion and irradiation environment, and is a form of environmentally induced material degradation. The occurrence of SCC requires the simultaneous satisfaction of multiple conditions and factors, including the interaction of multiple driving factors such as the environment, materials and stress loads applied to the materials. Under the combined effect of corrosion, irradiation environment and stress, the material first initiates cracks, and the microcrack development rate is 1 / 10 to 1 / 100 of the expansion period, reaching the micrometer scale. The second is crack expansion. Under the combined effect of stress and corrosive medium, small cracks gradually develop from the surface of the material to the inside; after a certain degree, they work together with the local stress field near the tip and expand rapidly at a stable rate. Microcracks develop to a critical size. Once the crack reaches the critical expansion size, it will rapidly expand and merge into a macro crack, reaching the millimeter scale, and cause the material to fracture under stress, eventually causing equipment failure and safety risks. In view of the suddenness and concealment of the damage caused by the SCC crack expansion stage of the material, it is of great value to carry out research on the online measurement technology of SCC crack expansion of materials.

[0004] In terms of SCC crack extension monitoring and measurement, fatigue crack test methods include optical method, replica method and electrical measurement method. Optical method and replica method are currently unable to monitor the extension of dynamic cracks in real time; among them, the electrical measurement method realizes real-time monitoring of the dynamic growth of cracks by energizing the metal sample and observing the change of potential. With the development of technology, the methods for crack detection have gradually increased in recent years. Several commonly used crack detection methods include direct reading method, flexibility method, flaw detection method and potential drop method. The potential drop method can be specifically divided into AC potential drop method and DC potential drop (Direct Current Potential Drop, DCPD) method. In the AC potential drop method, the current passed through the two ends of the sample is an AC signal, but the AC signal has a skin effect, which will make the measurement value of the test instrument larger. This method has higher performance requirements for the test instrument. The useful signal of the DCPD method is the DC component, which is easy to filter out the influence of other high-frequency interference noise. It is an ideal measurement method in the complex environment of high temperature, high pressure, strong radiation and so on.

[0005] However, due to the limitations of experimental equipment and technology, there is a lack of systematic research on the SCC behavior of materials in the in-pile irradiation environment, the experimental data is scarce, and the key issues of the SCC crack growth behavior of materials have not been clarified. At present, the online measurement technology for the crack growth behavior of in-pile materials has not been established in China. It is based on the method of conducting SCC tests and measurements outside the reactor after the material reactor irradiation test. It is difficult to determine the synergistic effect of the in-pile high-energy ray (such as neutron) irradiation environment and SCC influencing factors, as well as the evolution law of the process closely related to time, stress load, and irradiation environment. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

[0007] In order to solve the above problems, the present application provides an online measurement system for irradiation stress corrosion crack propagation of materials in a reactor, comprising:

[0008] A reactor pressure vessel, wherein a test section is provided inside the reactor pressure vessel;

[0009] A test unit, the test unit is arranged inside the test section, and a sample is arranged inside the test unit;

[0010] A force load adjustment unit, the force load adjustment unit is connected to the test unit and is used to stretch the sample;

[0011] A measurement control unit, wherein the measurement control unit is used to adjust the force output by the force load adjustment unit and can monitor the status information of the sample at the same time.

[0012] Optionally, the test unit includes:

[0013] An outer sleeve, wherein a fixing clamp block is arranged inside the outer sleeve;

[0014] The measuring component is arranged inside the fixing clamp block, and the bottom of the measuring component is connected to the bottom of the fixing clamp block.

[0015] Optionally, the measuring component includes:

[0016] A measurement fixing block, the measurement fixing block being arranged on a first end inside the fixing clamping block;

[0017] A bellows adjustment tube, wherein a first end of the bellows adjustment tube is connected to the measurement fixed block;

[0018] A pressure sensor, wherein the pressure sensor is disposed on the second end of the fixed clamp block, and the sample is disposed between the bellows regulating tube and the pressure sensor;

[0019] The regulating air pipe is communicated with the interior of the corrugated regulating pipe through the outer sleeve and the fixed clamp block.

[0020] Optionally, a force load fixing ring is provided between the bellows adjusting tube and the first end of the sample; and a fixed sliding block is provided between the pressure sensor and the second end of the sample.

[0021] Optionally, the force load adjustment unit includes:

[0022] A gas source, wherein an inert gas is stored in the gas source;

[0023] A pressure stabilizing buffer tank, wherein the air inlet end of the pressure stabilizing buffer tank is connected to the air source output end;

[0024] A storage tank connected to the pressure stabilizing buffer tank;

[0025] An air intake pipe, the air intake pipe is arranged on the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank and the storage tank, and the air intake pipe is connected to the regulating air pipe;

[0026] A pressure relief pipeline is connected to the storage tank.

[0027] Optionally, a first pressure transmitter is provided on the gas source, a second pressure transmitter is provided on the pressure stabilizing buffer tank, a first electric valve, an intake flow controller and a third pressure transmitter are provided in sequence on the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank and the intake pipe, and a fourth pressure transmitter is provided on the storage tank.

[0028] Optionally, the measurement control unit includes:

[0029] a measuring piece, the measuring piece being mounted on the sample;

[0030] A load regulating gas measurement and control module, the load regulating gas measurement and control module is electrically connected to the force load regulating unit;

[0031] A temperature measurement and control module, the temperature measurement and control module is used to collect the internal temperature of the test unit by compensation meter;

[0032] A voltage measurement and control module, the voltage measurement and control module is electrically connected to the measuring element;

[0033] A host computer is electrically connected to the load regulating gas measurement and control module, the temperature measurement and control module and the voltage measurement and control module.

[0034] Optionally, the measuring element includes a first probe and a second probe, the first probe is connected to the first end of the sample, and the second probe is connected to the second end of the sample.

[0035] Optionally, the measurement control unit further includes a thermocouple, the thermocouple is disposed on the measurement fixed block, and the temperature measurement and control module is electrically connected to the thermocouple.

[0036] Optionally, a converter is provided between the thermocouple and the temperature measurement and control module and between the measuring element and the voltage measurement and control module.

[0037] Beneficial Effects

[0038] An online measurement system for the irradiation stress corrosion crack propagation of materials in a reactor provided in an embodiment of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: through the arrangement of a reactor pressure vessel, a test unit, a force load regulating unit and a measurement control unit, a sample is installed in the test unit, and the measurement control unit controls the force load regulating unit to form a force load acting on the sample, thereby realizing stress loading in the reactor. By connecting multiple measuring pieces to the sample, the potential changes caused by the crack propagation in the sample are monitored in real time, and real-time monitoring of crack propagation is realized, which solves the problem of the lack of measurement means for the key parameters of the SCC crack propagation of materials under harsh working conditions in the reactor and the lack of supporting technology, and lays a technical foundation for evaluating the irradiation performance of materials and establishing the crack propagation evolution and residual life prediction evaluation of materials under harsh nuclear environments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the online measurement system for irradiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in a reactor according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a diagram showing the internal structure of a sample unit of the online measurement system for irradiation stress corrosion crack growth in reactor materials according to the present invention;

[0041] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a force load regulating unit of an online measurement system for irradiation stress corrosion crack growth in reactor materials according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a measurement control unit of an online measurement system for irradiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in a reactor according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a sample installation structure diagram of the online measurement system for irradiation stress corrosion crack propagation of materials in the reactor of the present invention.

[0044] The reference numerals are:

[0045] 1. Reactor pressure vessel; 2. Test unit; 21. Test sample; 22. Outer sleeve; 23. Measuring assembly; 231. Measuring fixed block; 232. Bellows regulating tube; 233. Pressure sensor; 234. Regulating air pipe; 235. Force load fixing ring; 236. Fixed slide block; 3. Force load regulating unit; 31. Air source; 311. First pressure transmitter; 32. Pressure stabilizing buffer tank; 321. Second pressure transmitter; 33. Storage tank; 331. Fourth pressure transmitter; 34. Inlet pipe; 35. Pressure relief pipeline; 36. First electric valve; 37. Inlet flow controller; 38. Third pressure transmitter; 4. Measuring control unit; 41. Measuring piece; 411. First probe; 412. Second probe; 42. Load regulating air measurement and control module; 43. Temperature measurement and control module; 44. Voltage measurement and control module; 45. Host computer; 46. Converter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0047] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0048] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0050] See also Figure 1-5 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present application, an online measurement system for irradiation stress corrosion crack propagation of materials in a reactor is provided, comprising:

[0051] A reactor pressure vessel 1, wherein a test section is provided inside the reactor pressure vessel 1;

[0052] A test unit 2, the test unit 2 is arranged inside the test section, and a sample 21 is arranged inside the test unit 2;

[0053] A force load adjustment unit 3, the force load adjustment unit 3 is connected to the test unit 2, and is used to stretch the sample 21;

[0054] The measurement control unit 4 is used to adjust the force output by the force load adjustment unit 3 and monitor the status information of the sample 21 at the same time.

[0055] The online measurement system for the irradiation stress corrosion crack propagation of materials in a reactor provided by the embodiment of the present application includes a reactor pressure vessel, a test unit, a force load adjustment unit and a measurement control unit, and a test section is provided inside the reactor pressure vessel. The material selection of the reactor pressure vessel is crucial, and its stability and safety under high temperature, high pressure and strong radiation environment must be considered. It is usually made of special steel with high strength, corrosion resistance and good radiation resistance. The design of its internal test section must fully consider the installation and operation requirements of the test unit, ensure that the test unit can be stably placed therein, and provide a suitable environment for the test. The test unit is arranged inside the test section, and a sample is arranged in the test unit. The test unit must ensure that the sample can accurately measure the crack propagation under the action of the force load adjustment unit and the measurement control unit. The force load adjustment unit is connected to the test unit, and mainly simulates the stress load borne by the material in the reactor by stretching the sample. The measurement control unit is used to adjust the gas pressure output by the force load adjustment unit, thereby providing different degrees of tensile force to the sample, and can also monitor the state information of the sample under different pressures. This includes monitoring the crack extension, temperature change, potential change, etc. of the sample. The measurement control unit can also store and display the collected status information so that the operator can understand the test progress and the status of the sample at any time, providing a basis for subsequent data analysis and material performance evaluation. It can achieve online measurement of irradiation stress corrosion crack extension of reactors and nuclear power reactor materials. The test unit 2 includes:

[0056] An outer sleeve 22, wherein a fixing clamp is disposed inside the outer sleeve 22;

[0057] The measuring component 23 is arranged inside the fixing clamp block, and the bottom of the measuring component 23 is connected to the bottom of the fixing clamp block.

[0058] In this technical solution, the outer sleeve serves as the external structure of the test unit, providing protection and support for the various internal components. The material selection of the outer sleeve needs to fully consider the special environment inside the reactor, such as high temperature, high pressure, strong radiation and other factors. Special materials with good high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance and radiation resistance are usually selected, such as high-strength alloy steel or ceramic composite materials. The shape and size of the outer sleeve must match the test section inside the reactor pressure vessel to ensure that it can be stably installed in the test section. At the same time, the internal space of the outer sleeve must be able to accommodate components such as specimens and measurement components, and provide them with sufficient operating space.

[0059] A fixed clamp is set inside the outer sleeve, and the measuring component and the sample are installed inside the fixed clamp. The fixed clamp provides protection for the measuring component and the sample. The stability of the measuring component during the test is ensured. During the test, the measuring component needs to accurately adjust the size of the tensile force according to the pressure of the gas fed into the force load regulating unit to achieve the stretching of the sample.

[0060] The outer sleeve comprises a pipe body and an upper cover plate and a lower cover plate welded to the upper and lower ends of the pipe body to protect the fixed clamping block.

[0061] The measuring component 23 comprises:

[0062] A measurement fixing block 231, wherein the measurement fixing block 231 is disposed on a first end inside the fixing clamp block;

[0063] A bellows adjustment tube 232, a first end of which is connected to the measurement fixed block 231;

[0064] A pressure sensor 233, wherein the pressure sensor 233 is disposed on the second end of the fixed clamp block, and the sample 21 is disposed between the bellows regulating tube 232 and the pressure sensor 233;

[0065] The regulating air pipe 234 is connected to the interior of the corrugated regulating pipe 232 through the outer sleeve 22 and the fixing clamp block.

[0066] In this technical solution, the measurement fixed block 231 is arranged on the first end in the fixed clamp block, the first end of the bellows adjustment tube 232 is connected to the measurement fixed block 231, and the inside of the bellows adjustment tube 232 is a cavity structure. The regulating air pipe 234 is connected to the inner cavity of the bellows adjustment tube 232 through the outer sleeve 22 and the fixed clamp block, and is used to supply gas to the inside of the bellows adjustment tube 232. The pressure sensor 233 is arranged on the second end in the fixed clamp block. During the working process, the regulating air pipe 234 transmits the high-pressure gas from the force load adjustment unit 3 to the inside of the bellows adjustment tube 232, and applies different degrees of tensile force to the sample 21 by changing the pressure inside the bellows adjustment tube 232, so as to drive the sample 21 to crack. At the same time, the regulating air pipe 234 can also adjust the flow rate and pressure of the gas in real time according to the instructions of the measurement control unit 4 to meet the requirements of applying force to the sample 21 in different test stages. The pressure sensor 233 can detect and transmit the pressure on the sample 21, so as to facilitate the staff to grasp the force on the sample 21 in various states. By means of the cooperation among the measuring fixed block 231, the bellows regulating tube 232, the pressure sensor 233 and the regulating gas pipe 234, the pressure on the sample 21 is accurately measured and adjusted, providing a basis for the online measurement of the extension of irradiation stress corrosion cracks of materials in the reactor.

[0067] A force-load fixing ring 235 is disposed between the bellows adjusting tube 232 and the first end of the sample 21 ; a fixing slider 236 is disposed between the pressure sensor 233 and the second end of the sample 21 .

[0068] In this technical solution, a force load fixing ring is installed on the first end of the sample 21, the first end of the test is the end away from the bellows adjustment tube 232, and a fixed slider is installed on the second end of the sample 21, the second end of the sample 21 is the end away from the pressure sensor 233. In this way, the bellows generates a force load under the action of high-pressure gas, which can stretch the sample 21 and thus generate cracks.

[0069] The force load adjustment unit 3 comprises:

[0070] A gas source 31, wherein the gas source 31 stores an inert gas;

[0071] A pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32, wherein the air inlet end of the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 is connected to the air output end of the air source 31;

[0072] A storage tank 33, wherein the storage tank 33 is connected to the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32;

[0073] An air intake pipe 34, the air intake pipe 34 is arranged on the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the storage tank 33, and the air intake pipe 34 is connected to the regulating air pipe 234;

[0074] A pressure relief pipeline 35 connected to the storage tank 33 .

[0075] In this technical solution, the gas source 31 serves as the starting part of the entire force load regulating unit 3, and inert gas is stored inside, for example, inert gas such as helium. The air inlet end of the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 is connected to the output end of the gas source 31, and plays an important role in stabilizing the pressure in the force load regulating unit 3. Its internal structure has been carefully designed to effectively buffer the fluctuation of gas pressure. When the gas pressure output by the gas source 31 fluctuates, the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 can maintain the output gas pressure within a relatively stable range through its own buffering effect, thereby providing stable pressure conditions for subsequent test operations. The air inlet pipe 34 is arranged on the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the storage tank 33, and is connected to the regulating air pipe 234. Through the connection between the air inlet pipe 34 and the regulating air pipe 234, the force load regulating unit 3 can transmit stable inert gas to the test unit 2, thereby realizing the force load regulation of the sample 21.

[0076] The storage tank 33 is connected to the pressure-stabilizing buffer tank 32 and is mainly used to temporarily store the gas after being fed into the test unit 2. During the test, the storage tank 33 plays a role in buffering and storing gas, ensuring that a stable gas pressure can be provided to the test unit 2 in time when needed.

[0077] It can be understood that the gas source 31 is a high-pressure helium source 31 bottle, and there are two of them. A pressure reducing valve is also installed on the pipeline between the gas source 31 and the pressure-stabilizing buffer tube. The pressure reducing valve is used to pressurize the high-pressure gas output by the gas source 31 and deliver it to the pressure-stabilizing buffer tank 32; control valves are installed in sequence on the pipeline between the air inlet pipe 34 and the storage tank 33.

[0078] The pressure relief pipeline 35 is connected to the storage tank 33. When the gas pressure in the storage tank 33 exceeds the set safety value, the pressure relief pipeline 35 can quickly discharge the excess gas to a safe place, thereby preventing the entire test system from being damaged by excessive pressure.

[0079] In order to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the pressure relief pipeline 35, a safety valve and a pressure sensor 233 are usually installed on the pipeline. The pressure sensor 233 can monitor the gas pressure in the storage tank 33 in real time. Once the pressure exceeds the safety range, the safety valve will automatically open to discharge the excess gas through the pressure relief pipeline 35. This automatic control mechanism can respond quickly in an emergency and ensure the safety of the test system.

[0080] The gas source 31 is provided with a first pressure transmitter 311, the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 is provided with a second pressure transmitter 321, the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the intake pipe 34 is provided with a first electric valve 36, an intake flow controller 37 and a third pressure transmitter 38 in sequence, and the storage tank 33 is provided with a fourth pressure transmitter 331.

[0081] In this technical solution, the gas source 31 serves as the starting part of the force load regulating unit 3 and provides inert gas for the entire system. A first pressure transmitter 311 is provided on the gas source 31, and the pressure transmitter can monitor the gas pressure inside the gas source 31 in real time. By monitoring the pressure of the gas source 31 in real time, the operator can timely understand the working status of the gas source 31 and ensure that the gas source 31 can stably provide the required inert gas for the system.

[0082] A second pressure transmitter 321 is provided on the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32. The function of the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 is to stabilize the gas pressure and prevent the pressure fluctuation output by the gas source 31 from affecting the system. The second pressure transmitter 321 can monitor the gas pressure in the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 in real time and provide accurate data support for the pressure regulation of the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32. When the pressure in the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 changes, the measurement and control unit 4 can adjust the pressure regulating valve of the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 according to the data transmitted by the second pressure transmitter 321 to ensure that the gas pressure in the tank remains within a relatively stable range. In this way, a stable gas pressure can be provided for the subsequent air inlet tank and the test unit 2 to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0083] The first electric valve 36, the air intake flow controller 37 and the third pressure transmitter 38 are sequentially arranged on the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the air intake tank. The first electric valve 36 can control the on-off and flow rate of the gas according to the instructions of the measurement and control unit 4. During the test, the measurement and control unit 4 can accurately control the opening of the first electric valve 36 according to the test requirements to adjust the gas flow. The air intake flow controller 37 can more accurately control the gas flow entering the air intake tank to ensure the stability of the gas pressure in the air intake tank. The third pressure transmitter 38 can monitor the gas pressure in the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the air intake tank in real time, and provide accurate data support for the adjustment of the air intake flow controller 37. Through the synergistic effect of the first electric valve 36, the air intake flow controller 37 and the third pressure transmitter 38, the gas flow and pressure entering the air intake tank can be accurately controlled to ensure the stable operation of the test system.

[0084] The storage tank 33 is provided with a fourth pressure transmitter 331. The storage tank 33 is used to temporarily store the inert gas regulated by the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the air intake flow controller 37, and provide a stable gas pressure for the test unit 2. The fourth pressure transmitter 331 can monitor the gas pressure in the storage tank 33 in real time, and provide the pressure data of the storage tank 33 to the measurement and control unit 4. The measurement and control unit 4 can adjust the pressure regulating valve between the storage tank 33 and the test unit 2 according to the data transmitted by the fourth pressure transmitter 331, to ensure that the sample 21 in the test unit 2 can be tested under a stable pressure. At the same time, the fourth pressure transmitter 331 can also monitor the pressure changes in the storage tank 33. When the pressure exceeds the safety range, the measurement and control unit 4 can issue an alarm in time and take corresponding safety measures to ensure the safety of the test system.

[0085] The measurement control unit 4 comprises:

[0086] A measuring piece 41, wherein the measuring piece 41 is mounted on the sample 21;

[0087] A load regulating gas measurement and control module 42, wherein the load regulating gas measurement and control module 42 is electrically connected to the load regulating unit 3;

[0088] A temperature measurement and control module 43, the temperature measurement and control module 43 is used to collect the internal temperature of the test unit 2 by compensation meter;

[0089] A voltage measurement and control module 44, wherein the voltage measurement and control module 44 is electrically connected to the measuring element 41;

[0090] The host computer 45 is electrically connected to the load regulating gas measurement and control module 42 , the temperature measurement and control module 43 and the voltage measurement and control module 44 .

[0091] The measuring member 41 includes a first probe 411 and a second probe 412 . The first probe 411 is connected to a first end of the sample 21 , and the second probe 412 is connected to a second end of the sample 21 .

[0092] In this technical solution, the measurement control unit 4 includes a measuring piece 41, a load regulating gas measurement and control module 42, a temperature measurement and control module 43, a voltage measurement and control module 44 and a host computer 45. The measuring piece 41 is installed on the sample 21. The first probe in the measuring piece 41 is connected to the first end of the sample 21, and the second probe is connected to the second end of the sample 21. The load regulating gas measurement and control module 42 is electrically connected to the force load regulating unit 3 and is responsible for accurately regulating the gas pressure output by the force load regulating unit 3. The load regulating gas measurement and control module 42 can quickly and accurately adjust the output pressure of the force load regulating unit 3 according to the instructions of the measurement control unit 4, and provide a suitable stress load for the sample 21.

[0093] The temperature measurement and control module 43 in the measurement and control unit 4 undertakes the important task of monitoring and controlling the temperature of the test unit 2. In the online measurement process of the irradiation stress corrosion crack propagation of materials in the reactor, temperature is a key influencing factor, which directly affects the performance of the material and the crack propagation rate. The temperature measurement and control module 43 can accurately control the temperature in the test unit 2 according to the instructions of the measurement and control unit 4, and provide a suitable test environment for the sample 21.

[0094] The voltage measurement and control module 44 is electrically connected to the measuring device 41 and is responsible for collecting and processing the electrical signals output by the measuring device 41. The voltage measurement and control module 44 includes a current commutation unit, a constant current power supply unit, a main control unit, a voltage acquisition and processing unit, and a communication unit. The main control unit controls the constant current power supply unit through instructions to output the high-stability linear constant current source to the current commutation unit to achieve current reversal and output to the sample 21; the main control unit controls the voltage acquisition and processing unit and cooperates with the current commutation unit to collect the potential signals on both sides of the crack on the sample 21, amplifies the crack characterization nanovolt to microvolt analog signals, quantizes and converts them into digital signals, and transmits them to the host computer 45 through the communication unit for processing, display and storage, so as to achieve online measurement of the crack extension of the sample 21.

[0095] It can be understood that the first probe and the second probe are connected to the two ends of the sample 21 respectively, so that the current can flow on the sample 21, which is convenient for online measurement.

[0096] The host computer 45 is electrically connected to the load regulating gas measurement and control module 42, the temperature measurement and control module 43 and the voltage measurement and control module 44, and is the core control and display device of the measurement control unit 4. The host computer 45 is usually composed of a computer, a display and software. The software realizes the control and data processing of the entire measurement system. It can receive the data transmitted by the load regulating gas measurement and control module 42, the temperature measurement and control module 43 and the voltage measurement and control module 44, and analyze and process them according to the preset algorithms and parameters to obtain the status information and measurement results of the sample 21. The display is used to display the measurement results and the system operation status so that the operator can monitor and adjust in real time. The performance and stability of the host computer 45 are crucial to ensure the efficient operation of the measurement system. It can centrally control and manage the entire measurement system, and provide the operator with an intuitive and convenient operation interface and accurate measurement results.

[0097] The measurement control unit 4 further includes a thermocouple, which is disposed on the measurement fixing block 231 , and the temperature measurement and control module 43 is electrically connected to the thermocouple.

[0098] In this technical solution, the thermocouple 46 is arranged on the measurement fixed block 231, and can more accurately sense the temperature change of the area related to the sample 21. The material and structural design of the thermocouple 46 need to adapt to the special environment in the reactor, and have the characteristics of high temperature resistance, radiation resistance, high sensitivity, etc. For example, the probe of the thermocouple 46 can be made of a special alloy material to ensure that the temperature can still be accurately measured in an environment of high temperature, high pressure and strong radiation.

[0099] The temperature measurement and control module 43 is electrically connected to the thermocouple 46 and is responsible for receiving the temperature signal transmitted by the thermocouple 46. Through the cooperation of the thermocouple 46 and the temperature measurement and control module 43, the measurement and control unit 4 can monitor the temperature changes in the test unit 2 in real time and accurately, and perform precise temperature control as needed. This is crucial to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the online measurement of irradiation stress corrosion crack propagation of materials in the reactor. During the test, temperature changes may have a significant impact on the performance of the material and the crack propagation rate. Therefore, precise temperature control can provide stable environmental conditions for the test, thereby improving the credibility and repeatability of the measurement results.

[0100] A converter 46 is provided between the thermocouple and the temperature measurement and control module 43 and between the measuring element 41 and the voltage measurement and control module 44 .

[0101] In this technical solution, the thermocouple 46 is used as a temperature sensor, and the signal it outputs is usually a weak thermoelectric potential signal, and the characteristics and amplitude of this signal may not directly match the input requirements of the temperature measurement and control module 43. Therefore, the primary task of the converter 47 is to amplify, filter and convert the specific thermoelectric potential signal output by the thermocouple 46 to make it a signal format that can be effectively processed by the temperature measurement and control module 43.

[0102] The present application includes a reactor pressure vessel 1, a test unit 2, a force load regulating unit 3 and a measurement control unit 4. The sample 21 is installed in the test unit. The measurement control unit 4 controls the force load regulating unit 3 to form a force load on the sample 21, thereby realizing stress loading in the reactor. By connecting multiple measuring pieces 41 to the sample 21, the potential changes caused by the crack extension in the sample 21 are monitored in real time, and real-time monitoring of crack extension is realized, which solves the problem of lack of measurement means for key parameters of SCC crack extension of materials under harsh working conditions in the reactor and insufficient supporting technology, and lays a technical foundation for evaluating the irradiation performance of materials and establishing the prediction and evaluation of crack extension evolution and residual life of materials under harsh nuclear environments.

[0103] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application. The above are only preferred implementations of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and variations can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present application, and these improvements and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. An online measurement system for irradiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in a reactor, characterized in that: include: A reactor pressure vessel (1), wherein a test section is provided inside the reactor pressure vessel (1); A test unit (2), the test unit (2) being arranged inside the test section, and a sample (21) being arranged inside the test unit (2); A force load adjustment unit (3), the force load adjustment unit (3) being connected to the test unit (2) and used for stretching the sample (21); A measurement control unit (4), the measurement control unit (4) is used to adjust the force output by the force load adjustment unit (3), and can monitor the state information of the sample (21) at the same time.

2. The online measurement system for radiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in reactors according to claim 1, characterized in that: The test unit (2) comprises: An outer sleeve (22), wherein a fixing clamp block is arranged inside the outer sleeve (22); A measuring component (23), wherein the measuring component (23) is arranged inside the fixed clamp block, and a bottom of the measuring component (23) is connected to a bottom of the fixed clamp block.

3. The online measurement system for radiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that: The measuring component (23) comprises: A measurement fixing block (231), the measurement fixing block (231) being arranged on a first end inside the fixing clamping block; a bellows adjustment tube (232), wherein a first end of the bellows adjustment tube (232) is connected to the measurement fixed block (231); A pressure sensor (233), wherein the pressure sensor (233) is disposed on the second end of the fixed clamp block, and the sample (21) is disposed between the bellows regulating tube (232) and the pressure sensor (233); The regulating air pipe (234) is connected to the interior of the corrugated regulating pipe (232) through the outer sleeve (22) and the fixed clamp block.

4. The online measurement system for radiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in reactors according to claim 3, characterized in that: A force load fixing ring (235) is provided between the bellows adjustment tube (232) and the first end of the sample (21); and a fixing slider (236) is provided between the pressure sensor (233) and the second end of the sample (21).

5. The online measurement system for radiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in reactor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The force load adjustment unit (3) comprises: A gas source (31), wherein the gas source (31) stores inert gas; A pressure stabilizing buffer tank (32), wherein an air inlet end of the pressure stabilizing buffer tank (32) is connected to an output end of the air source (31); A storage tank (33), the storage tank (33) being connected to the pressure stabilizing buffer tank (32); An air intake pipe (34), the air intake pipe (34) being arranged on a pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank (32) and the storage tank (33), the air intake pipe (34) being connected to the regulating air pipe (234); A pressure relief pipeline (35), wherein the pressure relief pipeline (35) is connected to the storage tank (33).

6. The online measurement system for radiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in reactor according to claim 5, characterized in that: The gas source (31) is provided with a first pressure transmitter (311), the pressure stabilizing buffer tank (32) is provided with a second pressure transmitter (321), a first electric valve (36), an intake air flow controller (37) and a third pressure transmitter (38) are sequentially provided on the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank (32) and the intake pipe (34), and the storage tank (33) is provided with a fourth pressure transmitter (331).

7. The online measurement system for radiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in reactor according to claim 6, characterized in that: The measurement control unit (4) comprises: a measuring piece (41), wherein the measuring piece (41) is mounted on the sample (21); A load regulating gas measurement and control module (42), the load regulating gas measurement and control module (42) being electrically connected to the force load regulating unit (3); A temperature measurement and control module (43), the temperature measurement and control module (43) is used to collect the internal temperature of the test unit (2) by compensation meter; A voltage measurement and control module (44), the voltage measurement and control module (44) being electrically connected to the measuring element (41); A host computer (45) is electrically connected to the load regulating gas measurement and control module (42), the temperature measurement and control module (43) and the voltage measurement and control module (44).

8. The online measurement system for radiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in reactors according to claim 7, characterized in that: The measuring element (41) comprises a first probe (411) and a second probe (412), wherein the first probe (411) is connected to a first end of the sample (21), and the second probe (412) is connected to a second end of the sample (21).

9. The online measurement system for radiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in reactors according to claim 8, characterized in that: The measurement control unit (4) further comprises a thermocouple, wherein the thermocouple is arranged on the measurement fixing block (231), and the temperature measurement and control module (43) is electrically connected to the thermocouple.

10. The online measurement system for radiation stress corrosion crack growth of materials in reactors according to claim 9, characterized in that: A converter (46) is provided between the thermocouple and the temperature measurement and control module (43) and between the measuring element (41) and the voltage measurement and control module (44).

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