An online measurement system for the propagation of irradiated stress corrosion cracks in reactor materials.

Abstract

This application provides an online measurement system for irradiated stress corrosion crack propagation in reactor materials, comprising: a reactor pressure vessel with a test section inside; a test unit disposed inside the test section, containing a sample; and a load adjustment unit connected to the test unit for applying tension to the sample. The beneficial effect of this invention is that by configuring the reactor pressure vessel, test unit, load adjustment unit, and measurement control unit, the sample is installed inside the test unit, and the measurement control unit controls the load adjustment unit to apply a load to the sample, thereby achieving in-reactor stress loading. By connecting multiple measuring elements to the sample, the potential change generated by crack propagation in the sample can be monitored in real time, achieving real-time monitoring of crack propagation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of nuclear power equipment technology, specifically relating to an online measurement system for the propagation of irradiation stress corrosion cracks in reactor materials. Background Technology

[0002] Nuclear power plants have extremely complex structures involving a variety of materials. The performance of these materials under actual nuclear power plant operating conditions is one of the main factors affecting the safety, economy, and service life of nuclear power plants. The harsh operating conditions of nuclear power plants (high temperature, high pressure, complex stress loads, corrosion, and neutron and other radiation) greatly increase the sensitivity of their materials to environmental damage, leading to stress corrosion cracking (SCC). These cracks can propagate without warning, causing sudden fractures and failures of metal components, resulting in serious accidents. During this process, the coupling effect of neutron and other radiation damage with environmental conditions and stress can lead to neutron-induced SCC (Intra-Anaerobic SCC), further negatively impacting the service performance of the materials.

[0003] SCC (Strain Crack Collapse) is a failure behavior of materials under the combined effects of tensile stress, corrosion, and radiation, representing a form of environment-induced material degradation. The occurrence of SCC requires the simultaneous fulfillment of multiple conditions, including the interaction of various driving factors such as the environment, the material itself, and the stress load applied to the material. Under the combined influence of corrosion, radiation, and stress, cracks first initiate in the material. The propagation rate of microcracks is 1 / 10 to 1 / 100 of the propagation stage, reaching the micrometer scale. Next comes crack propagation. Under the combined action of stress and corrosive media, small cracks gradually propagate from the material surface inwards. After reaching a certain point, they combine with the local stress field near the crack tip, propagating rapidly at a stable rate. Once the microcracks reach a critical size, they rapidly expand and merge into macroscopic cracks, reaching the millimeter scale, leading to brittle fracture under stress and ultimately causing equipment failure and safety risks. Given the sudden and insidious nature of the damage caused by the SCC crack propagation stage, research on online measurement technology for SCC crack propagation is of significant value.

[0004] In the monitoring and measurement of SCC crack propagation, fatigue crack testing methods include optical methods, replication methods, and electrical methods. Optical and replication methods currently cannot provide real-time monitoring of dynamic crack propagation. Electrical methods, however, achieve real-time monitoring of crack dynamic growth by applying an electric current to the metal sample and observing the change in potential. With technological advancements, crack detection methods have gradually increased in recent years. Commonly used methods include direct reading methods, compliance methods, flaw detection methods, and potential drop methods. Potential drop methods can be further subdivided into AC potential drop methods and DC potential drop (DCPD) methods. In AC potential drop methods, the current flowing through the sample is an AC signal. However, AC signals suffer from the skin effect, which can lead to inflated measurements by the testing instrument. This method places higher demands on the performance of the testing instrument. DCPD methods, on the other hand, use a DC component as the useful signal, easily filtering out other high-frequency interference noise, making them a more ideal measurement method for complex environments such as high temperature, high pressure, and strong radiation within the reactor.

[0005] However, due to limitations in experimental equipment and technology, there is a lack of systematic research on the SCC behavior of materials under in-reactor irradiation, experimental data is scarce, and key issues regarding the SCC crack propagation behavior of materials remain unclear. Currently, online measurement technology for in-reactor crack propagation behavior has not been established in China. The existing methods rely on conducting SCC tests and measurements outside the reactor after in-reactor irradiation experiments, making it difficult to determine the synergistic effect of in-reactor high-energy radiation (e.g., neutron) irradiation environment and SCC influencing factors, as well as the evolutionary laws of the material's relationship with time, stress load, and irradiation environment. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art or related art.

[0007] To address the aforementioned problems, this application provides an online measurement system for the propagation of irradiated stress corrosion cracks in reactor materials, comprising:

[0008] A reactor pressure vessel, wherein a test section is provided inside the reactor pressure vessel;

[0009] A test unit is provided inside the test section, and a test sample is provided inside the test unit;

[0010] A force load adjustment unit, which is connected to the test unit, is used to apply tension to the specimen;

[0011] The measurement and control unit is used to adjust the force output by the force load adjustment unit and to monitor the state information of the sample.

[0012] Optionally, the test unit includes:

[0013] An outer tube, wherein a fixing clamp is provided inside the outer tube;

[0014] A measuring component is disposed inside the fixed clamping block, and its bottom is connected to the bottom of the fixed clamping block.

[0015] Optionally, the measurement component includes:

[0016] A measuring fixing block is disposed on the first end inside the fixing clamp block;

[0017] A corrugated adjusting tube, the first end of which is connected to the measuring fixing block;

[0018] A pressure sensor is disposed on the second end inside the fixed clamping block, and the sample is disposed between the corrugated adjusting tube and the pressure sensor.

[0019] An adjusting air tube is connected to the inside of the corrugated adjusting tube through the outer sleeve and the fixing clamp.

[0020] Optionally, a force-load fixing ring is provided between the corrugated adjusting tube and the first end of the sample; a fixing slider is provided between the pressure sensor and the second end of the sample.

[0021] Optionally, the force load adjustment unit includes:

[0022] A gas source, wherein the gas source contains an inert gas;

[0023] A pressure-stabilizing buffer tank, wherein the air inlet of the pressure-stabilizing buffer tank is connected to the air source output end;

[0024] A storage tank, which is connected to the pressure-stabilizing buffer tank;

[0025] An air inlet pipe is provided on the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank and the storage tank, and the air inlet pipe is connected to the regulating air pipe;

[0026] A pressure relief pipeline is connected to the storage tank.

[0027] Optionally, a first pressure transmitter is provided on the gas source, a second pressure transmitter is provided on the pressure stabilizing buffer tank, a first electric valve, an air intake flow controller and a third pressure transmitter are sequentially provided on the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank and the air inlet pipe, and a fourth pressure transmitter is provided on the storage tank.

[0028] Optionally, the measurement control unit includes:

[0029] A measuring element, which is mounted on the sample;

[0030] A load regulating gas measurement and control module, which is electrically connected to the force load regulating unit;

[0031] A temperature measurement and control module, which is used to collect the internal temperature of the test unit using a compensator;

[0032] A voltage measurement and control module, which is electrically connected to the measuring device;

[0033] The host computer is electrically connected to the load regulating gas measurement and control module, the temperature measurement and control module, and the voltage measurement and control module.

[0034] Optionally, the measuring device includes a first probe and a second probe, wherein the first probe is connected to a first end of the sample and the second probe is connected to a second end of the sample.

[0035] Optionally, the measurement and control unit further includes a thermocouple, which is mounted on the measurement fixing block, and the temperature measurement and control module is electrically connected to the thermocouple.

[0036] Optionally, a converter is provided between the thermocouple and the temperature measurement and control module, and between the measuring element and the voltage measurement and control module.

[0037] Beneficial effects

[0038] The online measurement system for stress corrosion crack propagation (SCC) in reactor materials provided in this embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: By setting up a reactor pressure vessel, a test unit, a force load adjustment unit, and a measurement control unit, the sample is installed in the test unit. The measurement control unit controls the force load adjustment unit to apply a force load to the sample, achieving in-reactor stress loading. By connecting multiple measuring devices to the sample, the potential change generated by crack propagation in the sample is monitored in real time, realizing real-time monitoring of crack propagation. This solves the problem of insufficient measurement methods and supporting technologies for key parameters of SCC crack propagation in materials under harsh reactor conditions, laying a technical foundation for evaluating and acquiring material irradiation performance and establishing a prediction and evaluation system for crack propagation evolution and residual lifetime of materials under harsh nuclear environments. Attached Figure Description

[0039] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the online measurement system for the propagation of irradiated stress corrosion cracks in reactor materials according to the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the internal structure of a sample unit in the online measurement system for the propagation of irradiated stress corrosion cracks in reactor materials according to the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the force load adjustment unit of the online measurement system for the propagation of irradiated stress corrosion cracks in reactor materials according to the present invention;

[0042] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the measurement and control unit of the online measurement system for the propagation of irradiated stress corrosion cracks in reactor materials according to the present invention;

[0043] Figure 5 This is a sample installation structure diagram of the online measurement system for the propagation of irradiated stress corrosion cracks in reactor materials according to the present invention.

[0044] The reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0045] 1. Reactor pressure vessel; 2. Test unit; 21. Sample; 22. Outer casing; 23. Measurement assembly; 231. Measurement fixing block; 232. Corrugated regulating pipe; 233. Pressure sensor; 234. Regulating gas pipe; 235. Force load fixing ring; 236. Fixing slider; 3. Force load regulating unit; 31. Gas source; 311. First pressure transmitter; 32. Pressure stabilizing buffer tank; 321. Second pressure transmitter; 33. Storage tank; 331. Fourth pressure transmitter; 34. Inlet pipe; 35. Pressure relief pipeline; 36. First electric valve; 37. Inlet flow controller; 38. Third pressure transmitter; 4. Measurement and control unit; 41. Measuring component; 411. First probe; 412. Second probe; 42. Load regulating gas measurement and control module; 43. Temperature measurement and control module; 44. Voltage measurement and control module; 45. Host computer; 46. Converter. Detailed Implementation

[0046] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0047] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0048] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0050] See also Figure 1-5 As shown, according to an embodiment of this application, an online measurement system for the propagation of irradiated stress corrosion cracks in reactor materials is provided, comprising:

[0051] A reactor pressure vessel 1, wherein a test section is provided inside the reactor pressure vessel 1;

[0052] Test unit 2, wherein the test unit 2 is disposed inside the test section, and the test unit 2 contains a sample 21;

[0053] Force load adjustment unit 3, which is connected to the test unit 2, is used to stretch the specimen 21;

[0054] The measurement and control unit 4 is used to adjust the force output by the force load adjustment unit 3, and at the same time, it can monitor the state information of the sample 21.

[0055] The online measurement system for irradiated stress corrosion crack propagation in reactor materials provided in this application includes a reactor pressure vessel, a test unit, a load adjustment unit, and a measurement and control unit. The reactor pressure vessel has an internal test section. The selection of the reactor pressure vessel's material is crucial, requiring consideration of its stability and safety under high temperature, high pressure, and strong radiation environments. It is typically manufactured using special steel with high strength, corrosion resistance, and good radiation resistance. The design of the internal test section must fully consider the installation and operation requirements of the test unit, ensuring its stable placement and providing a suitable environment for the test. The test unit is located inside the test section and contains a sample. The test unit must ensure accurate crack propagation measurement of the sample under the action of the load adjustment unit and the measurement and control unit. The load adjustment unit is connected to the test unit and primarily simulates the stress load borne by the reactor materials by stretching the sample. The measurement and control unit is used to adjust the gas pressure output by the load adjustment unit, thereby providing different levels of tensile force on the sample, and can also monitor the sample's state information under different pressures. This includes monitoring crack propagation, temperature changes, and potential changes in the sample. The measurement and control unit can also store and display the collected status information, allowing operators to monitor the test progress and sample status at any time, providing a basis for subsequent data analysis and material performance evaluation. It enables online measurement of irradiated stress corrosion crack propagation in reactor and nuclear power plant materials. The test unit 2 includes:

[0056] Outer tube 22, wherein a fixing block is provided inside the outer tube 22;

[0057] Measurement component 23 is disposed inside the fixed clamping block, and its bottom is connected to the bottom of the fixed clamping block.

[0058] In this technical solution, the outer casing serves as the external structure of the test unit, providing protection and support for the internal components. The material selection for the outer casing must fully consider the unique environment within the reactor, such as high temperature, high pressure, and strong radiation. Typically, special materials with excellent high-temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, and radiation resistance, such as high-strength alloy steel or ceramic composite materials, are chosen. The shape and dimensions of the outer casing must match the test section inside the reactor pressure vessel to ensure stable installation within the test section. Simultaneously, the internal space of the outer casing must be sufficient to accommodate the test samples and measuring components, providing them with adequate operating space.

[0059] The outer sleeve contains a fixing block, inside which the measuring component and the sample are mounted. The fixing block provides protection for the measuring component and the sample, ensuring the stability of the measuring component during the test. During the test, the measuring component needs to precisely adjust the tensile force according to the pressure of the gas supplied by the force load adjustment unit to achieve tensile stress on the sample.

[0060] The outer casing includes the pipe body and the upper and lower cover plates welded to the upper and lower ends of the pipe body, which protect the fixed clamping blocks.

[0061] The measurement component 23 includes:

[0062] Measuring fixing block 231, the measuring fixing block 231 is disposed on the first end inside the fixing clamp block;

[0063] A corrugated adjusting tube 232, the first end of which is connected to the measuring fixing block 231;

[0064] Pressure sensor 233 is disposed on the second end inside the fixed clamping block, and sample 21 is disposed between the corrugated adjusting tube 232 and pressure sensor 233;

[0065] The regulating air tube 234 is connected to the inside of the corrugated regulating tube 232 through the outer sleeve 22 and the fixing clamp.

[0066] In this technical solution, the measuring fixing block 231 is set on the first end of the fixing clamp, and the first end of the corrugated regulating tube 232 is connected to the measuring fixing block 231. The corrugated regulating tube 232 has a hollow structure inside. The regulating air tube 234 is connected to the hollow cavity inside the corrugated regulating tube 232 through the outer sleeve 22 and the fixing clamp, and is used to supply gas into the corrugated regulating tube 232. The pressure sensor 233 is set on the second end of the fixing clamp. During operation, the regulating air tube 234 transmits high-pressure gas from the force load regulating unit 3 to the inside of the corrugated regulating tube 232. By changing the pressure inside the corrugated regulating tube 232, different degrees of tensile force are applied to the sample 21, thereby causing the sample 21 to crack. At the same time, the regulating air tube 234 can also adjust the gas flow rate and pressure in real time according to the instructions of the measuring control unit 4 to meet the force requirements of applying force to the sample 21 at different test stages. The pressure sensor 233 can detect and transmit the pressure on the sample 21, making it convenient for the staff to grasp the force on the sample 21 in various states. By measuring the fixed block 231, the corrugated regulating pipe 232, the pressure sensor 233, and the regulating air pipe 234 in cooperation with each other, the pressure on the sample 21 can be accurately measured and adjusted, which provides a basis for online measurement of radiation stress corrosion crack propagation in reactor materials.

[0067] A force-load fixing ring 235 is provided between the corrugated adjusting tube 232 and the first end of the sample 21; a fixing slider 236 is provided between the pressure sensor 233 and the second end of the sample 21.

[0068] In this technical solution, by installing a force load fixing ring on the first end of the specimen 21, the first end of the test is the end away from the bellows regulating tube 232, and installing a fixing slider on the second end of the specimen 21, the second end of the specimen 21 is the end away from the pressure sensor 233. In this way, the bellows generates a force load under the action of high pressure gas, which can stretch the specimen 21 and thus generate cracks.

[0069] The force load adjustment unit 3 includes:

[0070] Gas source 31, wherein the gas source 31 stores inert gas;

[0071] A pressure-stabilizing buffer tank 32, the air inlet of which is connected to the output of the air source 31;

[0072] Storage tank 33, which is connected to the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32;

[0073] An air inlet pipe 34 is provided on the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the storage tank 33, and the air inlet pipe 34 is connected to the regulating air pipe 234;

[0074] Pressure relief line 35 is connected to storage tank 33.

[0075] In this technical solution, the gas source 31 serves as the starting point of the entire force load adjustment unit 3, and stores inert gas, such as helium. The inlet of the pressure-stabilizing buffer tank 32 is connected to the output of the gas source 31, playing a crucial role in stabilizing pressure within the force load adjustment unit 3. Its internal structure is carefully designed to effectively buffer gas pressure fluctuations. When the gas pressure output from the gas source 31 fluctuates, the pressure-stabilizing buffer tank 32 can maintain the output gas pressure within a relatively stable range through its own buffering effect, providing stable pressure conditions for subsequent experimental operations. The inlet pipe 34 is located on the pipeline between the pressure-stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the storage tank 33, and is connected to the regulating gas pipe 234. Through the connection between the inlet pipe 34 and the regulating gas pipe 234, the force load adjustment unit 3 can transmit stable inert gas to the test unit 2, thereby adjusting the force load on the sample 21.

[0076] Storage tank 33 is connected to pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 and is mainly used to temporarily store the gas fed into test unit 2. During the test, storage tank 33 plays the role of buffering and storing gas to ensure that a stable gas pressure can be provided to test unit 2 in a timely manner when needed.

[0077] It is understood that the gas source 31 is a high-pressure helium gas source cylinder 31, and there are two of them. A pressure reducing valve is also installed on the pipeline between the gas source 31 and the pressure stabilizing buffer pipe. The pressure reducing valve is used to pressurize the high-pressure gas output from the gas source 31 and deliver it to the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32. Control valves are installed in sequence on the pipeline between the gas inlet pipe 34 and the storage tank 33.

[0078] The pressure relief line 35 is connected to the storage tank 33. When the gas pressure in the storage tank 33 exceeds the set safety value, the pressure relief line 35 can quickly discharge the excess gas to a safe place, thereby preventing excessive pressure from damaging the entire test system.

[0079] To ensure the effectiveness and safety of the pressure relief line 35, a safety valve and a pressure sensor 233 are typically installed on the line. The pressure sensor 233 monitors the gas pressure inside the storage tank 33 in real time. Once the pressure exceeds the safe range, the safety valve automatically opens, allowing excess gas to be released through the pressure relief line 35. This automatic control mechanism can respond quickly in emergencies, ensuring the safety of the testing system.

[0080] The gas source 31 is equipped with a first pressure transmitter 311, the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 is equipped with a second pressure transmitter 321, the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the air inlet pipe 34 is sequentially equipped with a first electric valve 36, an air inlet flow controller 37 and a third pressure transmitter 38, and the storage tank 33 is equipped with a fourth pressure transmitter 331.

[0081] In this technical solution, the gas source 31 serves as the starting point of the force load adjustment unit 3, providing inert gas to the entire system. A first pressure transmitter 311 is installed on the gas source 31, which can monitor the gas pressure inside the gas source 31 in real time. By monitoring the pressure of the gas source 31 in real time, the operator can promptly understand the working status of the gas source 31, ensuring that the gas source 31 can stably provide the required inert gas to the system.

[0082] A second pressure transmitter 321 is installed on the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32. The function of the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 is to stabilize the gas pressure and prevent pressure fluctuations from the gas source 31 from affecting the system. The second pressure transmitter 321 can monitor the gas pressure inside the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 in real time, providing accurate data support for pressure regulation of the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32. When the pressure inside the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 changes, the measurement and control unit 4 can adjust the pressure regulating valve of the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 according to the data transmitted by the second pressure transmitter 321 to ensure that the gas pressure inside the tank is maintained within a relatively stable range. This can provide a stable gas pressure for the subsequent gas inlet tank and test unit 2, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the test.

[0083] A first electric valve 36, an inlet flow controller 37, and a third pressure transmitter 38 are sequentially installed on the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the inlet tank. The first electric valve 36 controls the on / off state and flow rate of the gas according to the instructions of the measurement and control unit 4. During the test, the measurement and control unit 4 can precisely control the opening degree of the first electric valve 36 according to the test requirements to regulate the gas flow rate. The inlet flow controller 37 can more precisely control the gas flow rate entering the inlet tank, ensuring stable gas pressure within the inlet tank. The third pressure transmitter 38 can monitor the gas pressure in the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the inlet tank in real time, providing accurate data support for the adjustment of the inlet flow controller 37. Through the coordinated action of the first electric valve 36, the inlet flow controller 37, and the third pressure transmitter 38, precise control of the gas flow rate and pressure entering the inlet tank can be achieved, ensuring the stable operation of the test system.

[0084] A fourth pressure transmitter 331 is installed on the storage tank 33. The storage tank 33 is used to temporarily store inert gas regulated by the pressure-stabilizing buffer tank 32 and the inlet flow controller 37, providing a stable gas pressure for the test unit 2. The fourth pressure transmitter 331 can monitor the gas pressure in the storage tank 33 in real time and provide the measurement and control unit 4 with the pressure data of the storage tank 33. The measurement and control unit 4 can adjust the pressure regulating valve between the storage tank 33 and the test unit 2 according to the data transmitted by the fourth pressure transmitter 331, ensuring that the sample 21 in the test unit 2 can be tested under a stable pressure. At the same time, the fourth pressure transmitter 331 can also monitor the pressure changes in the storage tank 33. When the pressure exceeds the safe range, the measurement and control unit 4 can issue an alarm in time and take corresponding safety measures to ensure the safety of the test system.

[0085] The measurement and control unit 4 includes:

[0086] Measuring element 41, which is mounted on the sample 21;

[0087] Load regulating gas measurement and control module 42, which is electrically connected to the force load regulating unit 3;

[0088] Temperature measurement and control module 43, the temperature measurement and control module 43 is used to collect the internal temperature of the test unit 2 by a compensator;

[0089] Voltage measurement and control module 44, which is electrically connected to the measuring element 41;

[0090] The host computer 45 is electrically connected to the load regulating gas measurement and control module 42, the temperature measurement and control module 43, and the voltage measurement and control module 44.

[0091] The measuring device 41 includes a first probe 411 and a second probe 412. The first probe 411 is connected to the first end of the sample 21, and the second probe 412 is connected to the second end of the sample 21.

[0092] In this technical solution, the measurement and control unit 4 includes a measuring element 41, a load regulating gas measurement and control module 42, a temperature measurement and control module 43, a voltage measurement and control module 44, and a host computer 45. The measuring element 41 is mounted on the sample 21. The first probe in the measuring element 41 is connected to the first end of the sample 21, and the second probe is connected to the second end of the sample 21. The load regulating gas measurement and control module 42 is electrically connected to the force load regulating unit 3 and is responsible for precisely controlling the gas pressure output by the force load regulating unit 3. The load regulating gas measurement and control module 42 can quickly and accurately adjust the output pressure of the force load regulating unit 3 according to the instructions of the measurement and control unit 4, so as to provide a suitable stress load for the sample 21.

[0093] The temperature measurement and control module 43 plays a crucial role in monitoring and controlling the temperature of the test unit 2 within the measurement and control unit 4. Temperature is a critical factor in the online measurement of irradiated stress corrosion crack propagation within the reactor material, directly affecting material properties and crack propagation rate. The temperature measurement and control module 43 can precisely control the temperature in the test unit 2 according to the instructions from the measurement and control unit 4, providing a suitable testing environment for the sample 21.

[0094] The voltage measurement and control module 44 is electrically connected to the measuring component 41 and is responsible for acquiring and processing the electrical signals output by the measuring component 41. The voltage measurement and control module 44 includes a current commutation unit, a constant current power supply unit, a main control unit, a voltage acquisition and processing unit, and a communication unit. The main control unit controls the high-stability linear constant current source of the constant current power supply unit to output current to the current commutation unit to achieve current reversal output to the sample 21. The main control unit controls the voltage acquisition and processing unit, in conjunction with the current commutation unit, to acquire the potential signals on both sides of the crack on the sample 21, amplifies the nanovolt to microvolt level analog signals characterizing the crack, quantizes and converts them into digital signals, and transmits them to the host computer 45 for processing, display, and storage through the communication unit, thereby realizing online measurement of crack propagation on the sample 21.

[0095] It is understandable that the first probe and the second probe are connected to the two ends of the sample 21 respectively, thus enabling the flow of current through the sample 21 and facilitating online measurement.

[0096] The host computer 45 is electrically connected to the load regulating gas control module 42, the temperature control module 43, and the voltage control module 44, and is the core control and display device of the measurement control unit 4. The host computer 45 typically consists of a computer, a monitor, and software. The software controls and processes data for the entire measurement system. It receives data transmitted from the load regulating gas control module 42, the temperature control module 43, and the voltage control module 44, and analyzes and processes it according to preset algorithms and parameters to obtain the status information and measurement results of the sample 21. The monitor displays the measurement results and system operating status for real-time monitoring and adjustment by the operator. The performance and stability of the host computer 45 are crucial for ensuring the efficient operation of the measurement system. It provides centralized control and management of the entire measurement system, offering operators an intuitive and convenient interface and accurate measurement results.

[0097] The measurement and control unit 4 also includes a thermocouple, which is mounted on the measurement fixing block 231, and the temperature measurement and control module 43 is electrically connected to the thermocouple.

[0098] In this technical solution, thermocouple 46 is mounted on the measuring fixing block 231, enabling more accurate sensing of temperature changes in the area related to sample 21. The material and structural design of thermocouple 46 need to adapt to the special environment inside the reactor, possessing characteristics such as high temperature resistance, radiation resistance, and high sensitivity. For example, special alloy materials can be used to make the probe of thermocouple 46 to ensure accurate temperature measurement even under high temperature, high pressure, and strong radiation conditions.

[0099] The temperature measurement and control module 43 is electrically connected to the thermocouple 46 and is responsible for receiving the temperature signal transmitted by the thermocouple 46. Through the cooperation of the thermocouple 46 and the temperature measurement and control module 43, the measurement and control unit 4 can monitor the temperature changes in the test unit 2 in real time and accurately, and perform precise temperature control as needed. This is crucial for ensuring the accuracy and reliability of online measurement of radiation stress corrosion crack propagation in reactor materials. During the experiment, temperature changes can have a significant impact on material properties and crack propagation rate; therefore, precise temperature control can provide stable environmental conditions for the experiment, thereby improving the reliability and repeatability of the measurement results.

[0100] A converter 46 is provided between the thermocouple and the temperature measurement and control module 43, and between the measuring element 41 and the voltage measurement and control module 44.

[0101] In this technical solution, the thermocouple 46 acts as a temperature sensor, and its output signal is typically a weak thermoelectric potential signal. The characteristics and amplitude of this signal may not directly match the input requirements of the temperature measurement and control module 43. Therefore, the primary task of the converter 47 is to amplify, filter, and convert the specific thermoelectric potential signal output by the thermocouple 46, making it a signal format that the temperature measurement and control module 43 can effectively process.

[0102] This application includes a reactor pressure vessel 1, a test unit 2, a force load adjustment unit 3, and a measurement and control unit 4. A sample 21 is installed within the test unit. The measurement and control unit 4 controls the force load adjustment unit 3 to apply a force load to the sample 21, thereby achieving in-reactor stress loading. By connecting multiple measuring elements 41 to the sample 21, the potential change caused by crack propagation in the sample 21 is monitored in real time, achieving real-time monitoring of crack propagation. This solves the problem of insufficient measurement methods and supporting technologies for key parameters of SCC crack propagation in materials under harsh reactor conditions. It lays a technical foundation for evaluating and obtaining material irradiation performance and establishing a predictive evaluation system for crack propagation evolution and residual lifetime under harsh nuclear environments.

[0103] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A system for in-situ measurement of stress corrosion crack growth of materials irradiated in a reactor, characterized by, The utility model relates to a kind of test device for nuclear power plant, including: Reactor pressure vessel (1), test section is opened inside the reactor pressure vessel (1); Test unit (2), the test unit (2) is arranged inside the test section, and test sample (21) is arranged in the test unit (2); Force load adjusting unit (3), the force load adjusting unit (3) is connected with the test unit (2), for the test sample (21) is stretched; Measurement control unit (4), the measurement control unit (4) is used to adjust the force output by the force load adjusting unit (3), while the state information of the test sample (21) can be monitored; The test unit (2) includes: Outer sleeve (22), the fixed clamp block is arranged in the outer sleeve (22); Measurement assembly (23), the measurement assembly (23) is arranged inside the fixed clamp block, and its bottom is connected with the bottom of the fixed clamp block; The measurement assembly (23) includes: Measurement fixed block (231), the measurement fixed block (231) is arranged on the first end in the fixed clamp block; Corrugated adjusting pipe (232), the corrugated adjusting pipe (232) first end is connected with the measurement fixed block (231); Pressure sensor (233), the pressure sensor (233) is arranged on the second end in the fixed clamp block, and the test sample (21) is arranged between the corrugated adjusting pipe (232) and the pressure sensor (233); Adjusting air pipe (234), the adjusting air pipe (234) is connected with the corrugated adjusting pipe (232) inside by the outer sleeve (22) and the fixed clamp block;The adjusting air pipe (234) is transmitted from the high-pressure gas of the force load adjusting unit (3) to the corrugated adjusting pipe (232) inside, by changing the pressure inside the corrugated adjusting pipe (232) to apply different degrees of tensile force to the test sample (21), realize driving the test sample (21) to appear crack; The force load fixed ring (235) is arranged between the corrugated adjusting pipe (232) and the first end of the test sample (21);The fixed sliding block (236) is arranged between the pressure sensor (233) and the second end of the test sample (21), and the pressure sensor (233) can detect and transmit the pressure suffered by the test sample (21), to measure the pressure suffered by the test sample (21); The force load adjusting unit (3) includes: Gas source (31), inert gas is stored in the gas source (31); Pressure stabilizing buffer tank (32), the pressure stabilizing buffer tank (32) intake end is connected with the output end of the gas source (31); Storage tank (33), the storage tank (33) is connected with the pressure stabilizing buffer tank (32); Gas inlet pipe (34), the gas inlet pipe (34) is arranged on the pipeline between the pressure stabilizing buffer tank (32) and the storage tank (33), and the gas inlet pipe (34) is connected with the adjusting air pipe (234); Pressure relief pipeline (35), the pressure relief pipeline (35) is connected with the storage tank (33). The gas source (31) is provided with a first pressure transmitter (311), the stable pressure buffer tank (32) is provided with a second pressure transmitter (321), the pipeline between the stable pressure buffer tank (32) and the air inlet pipe (34) is sequentially provided with a first electric valve (36), an air inlet flow controller (37) and a third pressure transmitter (38), and the storage tank (33) is provided with a fourth pressure transmitter (331); The measurement control unit (4) comprises: A measuring element (41) mounted on the test sample (21); A load adjusting gas measurement and control module (42) electrically connected with the force load adjusting unit (3); A temperature measurement and control module (43) for collecting the internal temperature compensation of the test unit (2); A voltage measurement and control module (44) electrically connected with the measuring element (41), responsible for collecting and processing the electrical signal output by the measuring element (41), realizing online measurement of the crack propagation of the test sample (21); A host computer (45) electrically connected between the load adjusting gas measurement and control module (42), the temperature measurement and control module (43) and the voltage measurement and control module (44); The measuring element (41) comprises a first probe (411) and a second probe (412), the first probe (411) is connected with the first end of the test sample (21), and the second probe (412) is connected with the second end of the test sample (21).

2. The in-reactor material stress corrosion crack growth online measurement system according to claim 1, wherein, The measurement control unit (4) further comprises a thermocouple, and the temperature measurement and control module (43) is electrically connected with the thermocouple.

3. The in-reactor material stress corrosion crack growth online measurement system according to claim 2, wherein, The thermocouple is provided with a converter (46) between the temperature measurement and control module (43) and the voltage measurement and control module (44). The thermocouple is provided with a converter (46) between the temperature measurement and control module (43) and the voltage measurement and control module (44).

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