Lightning protection composite insulator insulation coordination detection and structure optimization method based on digital twinning

Abstract

The application relates to a lightning protection combined insulator insulation coordination detection and structure optimization method based on digital twinning, which comprises the following steps: acquiring structure parameters, real-time environment parameters and operating electrical parameters of a lightning protection combined insulator to be detected; constructing a digital twinning simulation field model; establishing a preliminary digital twinning simulation platform; obtaining an updated preliminary digital twinning simulation platform; establishing an insulation coordination equivalent model to obtain an optimized design scheme; and monitoring and early warning the insulation coordination of the lightning protection combined insulator in real time according to the insulation coordination equivalent model. The application can monitor the insulation state of the insulator and the lightning arrester in real time, realize real-time tracking of the insulation performance, immediately issue a warning once the insulation performance is abnormal, remind the operation and maintenance personnel to take timely measures, effectively avoid equipment failure or safety accidents caused by insulation failure, help to find the performance bottleneck and potential problems of the equipment in time, and provide targeted maintenance suggestions for the operation and maintenance personnel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of machine learning and digital twin technology, and in particular to a method for detecting insulation coordination and optimizing the structure of lightning protection combined insulators based on digital twins. Background Technology

[0002] The background technology of integrating digital twin technology into the insulation coordination of insulators and surge arresters is based on the current power system's urgent need for efficient, safe, and intelligent operation and maintenance.

[0003] In power systems, lightning protection insulators, as key components of transmission lines, bear the important responsibilities of isolating conductors from ground potential, preventing current leakage, and resisting lightning strikes. However, with the continuous expansion and increasing complexity of power systems, traditional methods for detecting insulation coordination failures and optimizing the structure of lightning protection insulators are no longer sufficient to meet the demands of modern power systems for efficiency, accuracy, and intelligence, and their limitations are becoming increasingly apparent.

[0004] From the perspective of insulator failure detection, traditional detection methods mainly rely on manual inspections and periodic testing. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but also inefficient, and makes it difficult to achieve real-time monitoring and prediction of insulation performance. Insulators are affected by various factors during operation, such as environmental conditions, equipment aging, and material properties. These factors can lead to a gradual decline in insulation performance, or even insulation coordination failure. However, traditional detection methods often intervene only after insulation performance has significantly deteriorated or an accident has occurred, which undoubtedly increases the operational risks of the power system.

[0005] In insulator structure optimization, existing methods are typically based on empirical formulas and static analysis, lacking sufficient consideration of actual operating conditions. This approach often struggles to accurately predict insulator performance under different conditions, resulting in limited optimization effectiveness. In lightning protection design, traditional methods may rely too heavily on arrester performance while neglecting the insulation coordination of the insulator itself. Furthermore, with the continuous emergence of new materials and technologies, traditional structural optimization methods are becoming increasingly inadequate for adapting to new application scenarios and performance requirements.

[0006] Traditional methods also have many shortcomings in data processing and analysis. With the expansion of power systems, the operational data of insulators is experiencing explosive growth. However, traditional data processing methods often struggle to handle such massive amounts of data, leading to low processing efficiency and potentially the loss of critical information. Furthermore, traditional data analysis methods often rely on human experience and judgment, lacking objectivity and accuracy, making it difficult to achieve precise prediction and optimization of insulation performance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems of low monitoring efficiency, lag, and poor accuracy in predicting the health of lightning protection combined insulators due to the lack of simulation based on the actual condition of the combined insulators during the condition monitoring process, this invention aims to provide a digital twin-based method for detecting and optimizing the insulation coordination of lightning protection combined insulators. This method enables real-time monitoring of the insulation status of insulators and surge arresters, real-time tracking of insulation performance through high-precision sensors, and immediate early warning upon any abnormality in insulation performance.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for insulation coordination detection and structural optimization of lightning protection combined insulators based on digital twins, the method comprising the following sequential steps:

[0009] (1) Obtain the structural parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator to be tested, and collect real-time environmental parameters and operating electrical parameters of the lightning-prone area through the detection sensor;

[0010] (2) Based on the structural parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator to be tested, a three-dimensional geometric model is established; based on the real-time environmental parameters, a corresponding environmental climate field is established, and the three-dimensional geometric model and the environmental climate field are used to jointly construct a digital twin simulation field model.

[0011] (3) Load the corresponding electrical and thermal conductivity properties onto the three-dimensional geometric model in the digital twin simulation field model to establish a preliminary digital twin simulation platform;

[0012] (4) Real-time simulation analysis of lightning protection combined insulators is performed based on the preliminary digital twin simulation platform. The preliminary digital twin simulation platform is iteratively updated based on the deviation between the simulation results and the real-time operating electrical parameters to obtain the updated preliminary digital twin simulation platform.

[0013] (5) Obtain insulation coordination parameter data of lightning protection combined insulators through the updated preliminary digital twin simulation platform, establish an equivalent insulation coordination model, and obtain an optimized design scheme by combining the real-time environmental parameters and operating electrical parameters collected in step (1).

[0014] (6) Real-time monitoring and early warning of the insulation coordination of lightning protection combined insulators based on the insulation coordination equivalent model.

[0015] Step (1) specifically includes the following steps:

[0016] (1a) Collect the structural parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator. The structural parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator include the geometry, material properties and connection method of the lightning protection combined insulator. The geometry includes the arrester gap distance, the encasing depth and the external dimensions. The material properties include the conductivity, insulation and thermal expansion coefficient of the surface insulating material. The connection method includes bolt connection and welding.

[0017] (1b) Based on the actual structure and testing requirements of the lightning protection combined insulator, climate sensors are deployed in the working area of ​​the arrester and insulator, and detection sensors are deployed on the surface of the lightning protection combined insulator. The detection sensors include voltage sensors, current sensors, temperature sensors and electric field sensors.

[0018] Step (2) specifically includes the following steps:

[0019] (2a) Based on 3D modeling software, create a 3D geometric model of the surge arrester and insulator according to the collected structural parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator, and assign corresponding material properties to the surge arrester and insulator in the 3D geometric model;

[0020] (2b) Based on the Unity virtual reality software development platform, an environmental climate field including temperature, humidity, pollution level, wind speed and wind direction is established by combining real-time environmental parameters. A three-dimensional geometric model is imported into the environmental climate field to construct a Unity virtual scene.

[0021] (2c) Link the Unity virtual scene and Comsol finite element simulation software through IP network communication technology to achieve data universality and form a digital twin simulation field model.

[0022] Step (3) specifically includes the following steps:

[0023] (3a) Load the corresponding electrical properties onto the three-dimensional geometric model: add the current-voltage characteristics and nonlinear resistance characteristics to the surge arrester core rod in the simulation field, and add the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability properties to each material in the field; the materials in the field include air, silicone rubber, rainwater, soil, and connecting hardware;

[0024] (3b) Load the corresponding thermal conductivity properties onto the three-dimensional geometric model: add thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, resistivity temperature coefficient and constant pressure heat capacity coefficient to the surface insulation material of the surge arrester and insulator in the simulation field;

[0025] (3c) Combining electrical and thermal properties, Maxwell's equations and Fourier thermal conduction differential equations are added to the digital twin simulation field model to construct a preliminary digital twin simulation platform.

[0026] Step (4) specifically includes the following steps:

[0027] (4a) Conduct simulation experiments based on the preliminary digital twin simulation platform to simulate the operating status and performance of surge arresters and insulators;

[0028] (4b) The operation data of the lightning protection combined insulator collected in real time by the detection sensor is integrated with the preliminary digital twin simulation platform. The preliminary digital twin simulation platform is used for simulation analysis. During the simulation analysis and optimization process, the difference between the simulation results and the actual situation is continuously monitored and fed back to the preliminary digital twin simulation platform for correction and optimization in a timely manner. Based on the feedback information and actual needs, the preliminary digital twin simulation platform is continuously iterated and updated to obtain the updated preliminary digital twin simulation platform.

[0029] Step (5) specifically includes the following steps:

[0030] (5a) Obtain insulation coordination parameter data of lightning protection combined insulators through the updated preliminary digital twin simulation platform. The insulation coordination parameter data includes key indicators of the insulator's temperature, vibration, and electrical characteristics.

[0031] (5b) By combining real-time environmental parameters and operating electrical parameters, an equivalent model of insulation coordination is established, and key data and information are extracted in real time, including insulation resistance, leakage current, and voltage distribution;

[0032] (5c) Based on the calculation results of the insulation coordination equivalent model, evaluate whether the performance of the insulation coordination meets the design requirements or expected goals, and obtain the performance evaluation results;

[0033] (5d) Based on the performance evaluation results, the insulation coordination design scheme is optimized and adjusted to obtain the optimized design scheme, which includes improving the insulation material, adjusting the insulation structure, and optimizing the voltage distribution measures;

[0034] (5e) The optimized design scheme is re-input into the preliminary digital twin simulation platform and a simulation experiment is conducted again to verify whether the optimization effect has achieved the expected goal.

[0035] The step (6) specifically refers to: calculating and predicting the distributed voltage, distributed electric field intensity and temperature distribution of the lightning protection combined insulator in real time based on the insulation coordination equivalent model, and transmitting these monitoring data results to the monitoring center through the communication network. The monitoring center can understand the operation status of the surge arrester and insulator in real time by analyzing and processing these data.

[0036] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: First, real-time monitoring and fault early warning: Digital twin technology can monitor the insulation status of insulators and surge arresters in real time. Through high-precision sensors, it achieves real-time tracking of insulation performance. Once an abnormality in insulation performance occurs, an early warning can be issued immediately, reminding maintenance personnel to take timely measures, thereby effectively avoiding equipment failures or safety accidents caused by insulation failure. Second, optimized design and performance evaluation: Digital twin technology can simulate the actual working state of insulators and surge arresters during the design phase, helping engineers optimize design schemes and ensure more reasonable insulation coordination. Through simulation and optimization algorithms, digital twin technology can quickly analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different design schemes. This allows for the selection of the optimal solution, improving equipment reliability and performance. During equipment operation, digital twin technology can monitor equipment performance parameters in real time, such as voltage distribution and current density, and perform performance evaluations. This helps to identify equipment performance bottlenecks and potential problems in a timely manner, providing maintenance personnel with targeted maintenance suggestions. Thirdly, fault diagnosis and prediction: Digital twin technology can utilize big data analysis, machine learning, and artificial intelligence to diagnose and predict faults in insulators and surge arresters. By comparing real-time data with that of real equipment, abnormal equipment states can be detected in a timely manner, and corresponding solutions can be provided. This helps to reduce equipment maintenance time and improve equipment availability and production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0038] like Figure 1 As shown, a method for insulation coordination detection and structural optimization of lightning protection combined insulators based on digital twins is presented. This method includes the following sequential steps:

[0039] (1) Obtain the structural parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator to be tested, and collect real-time environmental parameters and operating electrical parameters of the lightning-prone area through the detection sensor;

[0040] (2) Based on the structural parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator to be tested, a three-dimensional geometric model is established; based on the real-time environmental parameters, a corresponding environmental climate field is established, and the three-dimensional geometric model and the environmental climate field are used to jointly construct a digital twin simulation field model.

[0041] (3) Load the corresponding electrical and thermal conductivity properties onto the three-dimensional geometric model in the digital twin simulation field model to establish a preliminary digital twin simulation platform;

[0042] (4) Real-time simulation analysis of lightning protection combined insulators is performed based on the preliminary digital twin simulation platform. The preliminary digital twin simulation platform is iteratively updated based on the deviation between the simulation results and the real-time operating electrical parameters to obtain the updated preliminary digital twin simulation platform.

[0043] (5) Obtain insulation coordination parameter data of lightning protection combined insulators through the updated preliminary digital twin simulation platform, establish an equivalent insulation coordination model, and obtain an optimized design scheme by combining the real-time environmental parameters and operating electrical parameters collected in step (1).

[0044] (6) Real-time monitoring and early warning of the insulation coordination of lightning protection combined insulators based on the insulation coordination equivalent model.

[0045] Step (1) specifically includes the following steps:

[0046] (1a) Collect the structural parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator. The structural parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator include the geometry, material properties and connection method of the lightning protection combined insulator. The geometry includes the arrester gap distance, the encasing depth and the external dimensions. The material properties include the conductivity, insulation and thermal expansion coefficient of the surface insulating material. The connection method includes bolt connection and welding.

[0047] (1b) Based on the actual structure and testing requirements of the lightning protection combined insulator, climate sensors are deployed in the working area of ​​the arrester and insulator, and detection sensors are deployed on the surface of the lightning protection combined insulator. The detection sensors include voltage sensors, current sensors, temperature sensors and electric field sensors.

[0048] Step (2) specifically includes the following steps:

[0049] (2a) Based on 3D modeling software, create a 3D geometric model of the surge arrester and insulator according to the collected structural parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator, and assign corresponding material properties to the surge arrester and insulator in the 3D geometric model;

[0050] (2b) Based on the Unity virtual reality software development platform, an environmental climate field including temperature, humidity, pollution level, wind speed and wind direction is established by combining real-time environmental parameters. A three-dimensional geometric model is imported into the environmental climate field to construct a Unity virtual scene.

[0051] (2c) Link the Unity virtual scene and Comsol finite element simulation software through IP network communication technology to achieve data universality and form a digital twin simulation field model.

[0052] Step (3) specifically includes the following steps:

[0053] (3a) Load the corresponding electrical properties onto the three-dimensional geometric model: add the current-voltage characteristics and nonlinear resistance characteristics to the surge arrester core rod in the simulation field, and add the dielectric constant and magnetic permeability properties to each material in the field; the materials in the field include air, silicone rubber, rainwater, soil, and connecting hardware;

[0054] (3b) Load the corresponding thermal conductivity properties onto the three-dimensional geometric model: add thermal conductivity, thermal expansion coefficient, resistivity temperature coefficient and constant pressure heat capacity coefficient to the surface insulation material of the surge arrester and insulator in the simulation field;

[0055] (3c) Combining electrical and thermal properties, Maxwell's equations and Fourier thermal conduction differential equations are added to the digital twin simulation field model to construct a preliminary digital twin simulation platform.

[0056] Step (4) specifically includes the following steps:

[0057] (4a) Conduct simulation experiments based on the preliminary digital twin simulation platform to simulate the operating status and performance of surge arresters and insulators;

[0058] (4b) The operation data of the lightning protection combined insulator collected in real time by the detection sensor is integrated with the preliminary digital twin simulation platform. The preliminary digital twin simulation platform is used for simulation analysis. During the simulation analysis and optimization process, the difference between the simulation results and the actual situation is continuously monitored and fed back to the preliminary digital twin simulation platform for correction and optimization in a timely manner. Based on the feedback information and actual needs, the preliminary digital twin simulation platform is continuously iterated and updated to obtain the updated preliminary digital twin simulation platform.

[0059] Step (5) specifically includes the following steps:

[0060] (5a) Obtain insulation coordination parameter data of lightning protection combined insulators through the updated preliminary digital twin simulation platform. The insulation coordination parameter data includes key indicators of the insulator's temperature, vibration, and electrical characteristics.

[0061] (5b) By combining real-time environmental parameters and operating electrical parameters, an equivalent model of insulation coordination is established, and key data and information are extracted in real time, including insulation resistance, leakage current, and voltage distribution;

[0062] (5c) Based on the calculation results of the insulation coordination equivalent model, evaluate whether the performance of the insulation coordination meets the design requirements or expected goals, and obtain the performance evaluation results;

[0063] (5d) Based on the performance evaluation results, the insulation coordination design scheme is optimized and adjusted to obtain the optimized design scheme, which includes improving the insulation material, adjusting the insulation structure, and optimizing the voltage distribution measures;

[0064] (5e) The optimized design scheme is re-input into the preliminary digital twin simulation platform and a simulation experiment is conducted again to verify whether the optimization effect has achieved the expected goal.

[0065] The step (6) specifically refers to: calculating and predicting the distributed voltage, distributed electric field intensity and temperature distribution of the lightning protection combined insulator in real time based on the insulation coordination equivalent model, and transmitting these monitoring data results to the monitoring center through the communication network. The monitoring center can understand the operation status of the surge arrester and insulator in real time by analyzing and processing these data.

[0066] In summary, this invention can monitor the insulation status of insulators and surge arresters in real time. Through high-precision sensors, it achieves real-time tracking of insulation performance. Once an abnormality in insulation performance occurs, it can immediately issue an early warning, reminding maintenance personnel to take timely measures, thereby effectively avoiding equipment failures or safety accidents caused by insulation failure. It can simulate the actual working state of insulators and surge arresters during the design phase, helping engineers optimize design schemes and ensure more reasonable insulation coordination. Through simulation and optimization algorithms, digital twin technology can quickly analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different design schemes, thereby selecting the optimal solution and improving equipment reliability and performance. During equipment operation, digital twin technology can monitor equipment performance parameters in real time, such as voltage distribution and current density, and perform performance evaluation. This helps to promptly identify equipment performance bottlenecks and potential problems, providing targeted maintenance suggestions for maintenance personnel. It can utilize big data analysis, machine learning, and artificial intelligence technologies to diagnose and predict faults in insulators and surge arresters. By comparing real-time data with actual equipment, it can promptly detect abnormal equipment states and provide corresponding solutions, which helps reduce equipment maintenance time and improve equipment availability and production efficiency.

Claims

1. A lightning protection composite insulator insulation coordination detection and structure optimization method based on digital twinning, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps in sequence: (1) Obtain the structure parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator to be detected, and collect real-time environmental parameters and operating electrical parameters of the lightning disaster-prone area through detection sensors; (2) According to the structure parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator to be detected, a three-dimensional geometric model is established; and a corresponding environmental and climatic field is established according to the real-time environmental parameters, and the three-dimensional geometric model and the environmental and climatic field jointly construct a digital twin simulation field model; (3) Load corresponding electrical properties and heat conduction properties on the three-dimensional geometric model in the digital twin simulation field model to establish a preliminary digital twin simulation platform; (4) Perform simulation experiments according to the preliminary digital twin simulation platform to simulate the operating state and performance of the lightning arrester and the insulator; Fuse the operating data of the lightning protection combined insulator collected by the detection sensor with the preliminary digital twin simulation platform, and perform simulation analysis by using the preliminary digital twin simulation platform; in the process of simulation analysis and optimization, continuously monitor the difference between the simulation results and the actual situation, and timely feedback to the preliminary digital twin simulation platform for correction and optimization; according to the feedback information and actual requirements, iteratively update the preliminary digital twin simulation platform to obtain an updated preliminary digital twin simulation platform; (5) Obtain the insulation coordination parameter data of the lightning protection combined insulator through the updated preliminary digital twin simulation platform, establish an insulation coordination equivalent model, and obtain an optimized design scheme in combination with the real-time environmental parameters and operating electrical parameters collected in step (1); (6) Real-time monitor and warn the insulation coordination of the lightning protection combined insulator according to the insulation coordination equivalent model; The step (5) specifically comprises the following steps: (5a) Obtain the insulation coordination parameter data of the lightning protection combined insulator through the updated preliminary digital twin simulation platform, wherein the insulation coordination parameter data includes key indicators of the temperature, vibration and electrical properties of the insulator; (5b) Establish an insulation coordination equivalent model in combination with the real-time environmental parameters and operating electrical parameters, and real-time extract key data and information, wherein the key data and information include insulation resistance, leakage current and voltage distribution; (5c) According to the calculation result of the insulation coordination equivalent model, evaluate whether the performance of the insulation coordination meets the design requirements or expected target to obtain a performance evaluation result; (5d) According to the performance evaluation result, optimize and adjust the design scheme of the insulation coordination to obtain an optimized design scheme, wherein the optimized design scheme includes improving the insulating material, adjusting the insulating structure and optimizing the voltage distribution measures; (5e) Re-input the optimized design scheme into the preliminary digital twin simulation platform to perform again simulation experiments to verify whether the optimization effect reaches the expected target.

2. The lightning protection composite insulator insulation coordination detection and structure optimization method based on digital twinning of claim 1, characterized in that: The step (1) specifically comprises the following steps: (1a) Collect the structure parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator, wherein the structure parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator include the geometric shape, material properties and connection mode of the lightning protection combined insulator; the geometric shape includes the gap distance of the lightning arrester, the depth of the cover and the appearance size; the material properties include the electrical conductivity, insulating property and thermal expansion coefficient of the surface insulating material; and the connection mode includes bolt connection and welding; (1b) According to the actual structure of the lightning protection combined insulator and the detection requirements, a climate sensor is arranged in the working area of the lightning arrester and the insulator, and a detection sensor is arranged on the surface of the lightning protection combined insulator, wherein the detection sensor comprises a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor and an electric field sensor.

3. The lightning protection composite insulator insulation coordination detection and structure optimization method based on digital twinning of claim 1, wherein: The step (2) specifically comprises the following steps: (2a) Based on a three-dimensional modeling software, a three-dimensional geometric model of the lightning arrester and the insulator is created according to the collected structure parameters of the lightning protection combined insulator, and corresponding material properties are assigned to the lightning arrester and the insulator in the three-dimensional geometric model; (2b) Based on a Unity virtual reality software development platform, an environmental climate field including temperature, humidity, pollution degree, wind speed and wind direction is established in combination with real-time environmental parameters, the three-dimensional geometric model is imported into the environmental climate field, and a Unity virtual scene is constructed; (2c) The Unity virtual scene and the Comsol finite element simulation software are linked through IP network communication technology to realize data generalization and form a digital twin simulation field model.

4. The lightning protection composite insulator based on digital twinning for insulation coordination detection and structure optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (3) specifically comprises the following steps: (3a) The three-dimensional geometric model is loaded with corresponding electrical properties: in the simulation field, the volt-ampere characteristic and the nonlinear resistance characteristic of the lightning arrester core rod are added, and the dielectric constant and the magnetic permeability properties of each material in the field are added; the materials in the field include air, silicone rubber, rainwater, soil and connecting hardware; (3b) The three-dimensional geometric model is loaded with corresponding thermal conduction properties: in the simulation field, the thermal conductivity, the thermal expansion coefficient, the resistivity temperature coefficient and the constant pressure heat capacity coefficient of the surface insulating material of the lightning arrester and the insulator are added; (3c) In combination with the electrical properties and the thermal conduction properties, the Maxwell equation set and the Fourier heat conduction differential equation are added to the digital twin simulation field model to construct a preliminary digital twin simulation platform.

5. The lightning protection composite insulator based on digital twinning for insulation coordination detection and structure optimization method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step (6) specifically refers to: based on the insulating coordination equivalent model, the distribution voltage, the distribution electric field strength and the temperature distribution of the lightning protection combined insulator are calculated and predicted in real time, and these monitored data results are transmitted to the monitoring center through the communication network; the monitoring center analyzes and processes these data to realize real-time understanding of the operating conditions of the lightning arrester and the insulator.

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