Building safety performance evaluation method and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, in particular to a building safety performance evaluation method and system, and the method comprises the following steps: collecting the image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of a building based on a three-dimensional laser scanning device, and constructing a three-dimensional building information model in real time through the analysis of the external dimension and internal structure of the building, and outputting the three-dimensional structure data set. According to the invention, by collecting the size and structure information of the building, constructing the building information model and identifying cracks and structure defects, the safety state of the building is evaluated in time, the performance of various building materials under different environmental conditions is analyzed, and the prediction capability of the durability of the building is enhanced; according to the method, the structural stability and durability of the building are accurately evaluated, the influence of fire and natural disasters is considered, the safety performance of the building is comprehensively evaluated, the predictability of the safety of the building is improved, the risk of accidents is reduced, and the life and property safety of residents is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of civil engineering, and in particular to a method and system for evaluating building safety performance. Background Art

[0002] The field of civil engineering technology focuses on the design, construction and maintenance of various public engineering facilities, including bridges, roads, dams and buildings. It covers geological engineering, structural engineering, transportation engineering, environmental engineering, and water resources engineering. It ensures the stability and durability of building structures by utilizing scientific principles and mathematical methods, taking into account cost-effectiveness and environmental impacts. It combines material science to analyze the application of various building materials such as steel, concrete and composite materials, improve the safety and functionality of the project, and ensure the economy and environmental friendliness of the construction project.

[0003] Among them, the building safety performance assessment method aims to prevent construction accidents by analyzing the structural safety and stability of the building, ensure the safety of personnel and the long-term use of the building, prevent accidents and disasters, and protect the safety of people and property living or using the building. It includes a comprehensive assessment of the building's design, materials, construction quality, and historical maintenance records, aiming to identify structural defects and weak links, and take repair and reinforcement measures based on the assessment results to extend the service life of the building and maintain the investment value and the safety of the occupants.

[0004] Traditional building safety performance assessment methods still have shortcomings in the early identification and accuracy of structural defects. They rely on manual inspection and simple mechanical equipment, resulting in an incomplete assessment of structural defects and increasing safety risks caused by unidentified defects. They are insufficient in predicting material degradation and assessing the impact of environmental factors on building performance. They are unable to effectively predict and prevent the impact of natural disasters on buildings, affecting personnel safety and causing significant economic losses. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings in the prior art and to propose a building safety performance evaluation method and system.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution, a building safety performance evaluation method, comprising the following steps: S1: Based on 3D laser scanning equipment, it collects image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of the building, builds a 3D building information model in real time by analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure, and outputs a 3D structural data set; S2: Based on the three-dimensional structural data set, by analyzing the scan data, identifying cracks and structural defects on the internal and external walls of the building, recording the size, shape and location of multiple defects, and generating crack identification information; S3: Based on the crack identification information, by analyzing the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions, predicting the performance degradation trend of the materials, combining with the building information model, simulating the stress distribution state, and evaluating the stability of the building foundation, generating structural stability assessment information; S4: Based on the structural stability assessment information, according to the material performance data and stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components of the target building is analyzed, the service life of the building is predicted, and a building life prediction result is generated; S5: Based on the building life prediction result, using a building information model, simulating and analyzing the fire resistance performance of the target building to form fire resistance performance evaluation information; S6: Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, analyze the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters, evaluate the safety performance of the building, and generate a safety performance evaluation score.

[0007] As a further solution of the present invention, the three-dimensional structural data set includes a facade view, cross-sectional view information, and a hierarchical layout view of the building; the crack identification information includes crack geometry information, crack type identification information, and crack location information; the structural stability assessment information includes settlement measurement data, bearing capacity loss prediction information, and slip surface prediction results; the building life prediction results include maintenance demand prediction information, building component durability assessment information, and expected service life of the building; the fire resistance performance assessment information includes material burning rate, smoke toxicity level, and structural integrity retention time; the safety performance assessment score includes stability rating information of the structure under various disaster conditions, safe exit time estimation, and evacuation efficiency assessment data.

[0008] As a further solution of the present invention, based on a 3D laser scanning device, image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of a building is collected, and by analyzing the external dimensions and internal structure of the building, a 3D building information model is constructed in real time, and the steps of outputting a 3D structure data set are specifically as follows: S101: Scanning the interior and exterior of a building using a three-dimensional laser scanning device, collecting scanned images of the exterior facade and interior structure of the building, and obtaining a scanned image set; S102: Based on the scanned image set, perform noise reduction and contrast adjustment on the image data to optimize image quality and clarity, and obtain an image data processing result; S103: Based on the image data processing result, analyze the external dimensions and internal structure of the building, construct a three-dimensional building information model, and generate a three-dimensional structure data set.

[0009] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the three-dimensional structural data set, by analyzing the scan data, identifying cracks and structural defects on the internal and external walls of the building, recording the size, shape and location of multiple defects, the steps of generating crack identification information are specifically as follows: S201: Based on the three-dimensional structure data set, by analyzing the scanned image, identifying wall cracks, joints and water seepage traces, and obtaining defect positioning results; S202: based on the defect location result, extract and analyze the crack area image, measure the geometric shapes of multiple cracks, including length, width, and depth, and obtain defect analysis results; S203: Based on the defect analysis results, the identified cracks and structural defects are recorded, including the location, size, type and morphological information of the defects, and mapped and marked on the three-dimensional geometric model to generate crack identification information.

[0010] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the crack identification information, by analyzing the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions, predicting the performance degradation trend of the materials, combining with the building information model, simulating the stress distribution state, and evaluating the stability of the building foundation, the steps of generating the structural stability evaluation information are specifically as follows: S301: Based on the crack identification information, analyzing the reaction speed and degradation process of various building materials under differentiated environmental conditions, combining the meteorological conditions of the target area, analyzing the material performance of the target building, and obtaining material degradation analysis results; S302: Using the material degradation analysis result, simulating the stress distribution of the building structure using a building information model to obtain stress distribution state information; S303: Based on the stress distribution state information, and according to the material and structure of the target building foundation, the foundation stability of the target building is evaluated to generate structural stability evaluation information.

[0011] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the structural stability assessment information, according to the material performance data and stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components of the target building is analyzed to predict the service life of the building. The steps of generating the building life prediction result are specifically as follows: S401: Based on the structural stability assessment information, according to the material performance data of multiple key components in the target building, combined with the stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components is assessed to obtain component performance analysis results; S402: Based on the component performance analysis results, analyzing and predicting the performance changes and service life of multiple components under differentiated usage conditions, and obtaining component durability prediction results; S403: Based on the component durability prediction results, combined with the prediction model and actual usage conditions, the expected life of the target building is calculated to generate a building life prediction result.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention, the specific formula for calculating the expected life of the target building is: in, represents the predicted total building life, is the intercept of the model, represents the number of features used in the model, It is an index of characteristics, including the type and quality of building materials, historical maintenance records, environmental conditions, and the loads or pressures on the building. Representative The importance weight of the feature, Representative The actual observed value of the feature, Represents the correlation coefficient between building usage conditions and expected life span.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the building life prediction result, the steps of simulating and analyzing the fire resistance performance of the target building using a building information model to form fire resistance performance evaluation information are specifically as follows: S501: Based on the building life prediction result and according to the material data of the target building, simulate and analyze the response states of various building materials under fire scenarios, record the thermal expansion, burning rate and structural deformation data of the materials, and obtain material thermal response data; S502: Based on the material thermal response data, a building information model is used to simulate various fire scenarios, calculate the degree of structural bearing capacity loss of the material under various scenarios, evaluate the fire resistance of the material, including the fire resistance time under various temperatures, and obtain fire resistance simulation results; S503: Analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building using the fire resistance simulation results, including analyzing the temperature change and burning rate during the fire, the structural stability and reconstruction requirements after the fire, and generate fire resistance performance evaluation information.

[0014] As a further solution of the present invention, based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters are analyzed, the safety performance of the building is evaluated, and the steps of generating a safety performance evaluation score are specifically as follows: S601: Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, using a building information model, setting and inputting simulation parameters of multiple natural disasters, including intensity and duration, to obtain a disaster simulation parameter set; S602: Apply the disaster simulation parameter set to simulate the impact of various disasters, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, calculate the stress response and structural changes of the building under various disaster conditions, and obtain disaster impact simulation results; S603: Based on the disaster impact simulation results, evaluate the stability and safety of the target building, predict the safe exit time and evacuation efficiency of the building, and generate a safety performance evaluation score.

[0015] A building safety performance evaluation system, the building safety performance evaluation system is used to perform the above-mentioned building safety performance evaluation method, the system comprises: The 3D scanning module uses 3D laser scanning equipment to collect internal and external structural images of buildings, construct a 3D building information model, and combines image processing to identify wall cracks and structural defects, record the size and location information of the defects, and generate crack identification information; The material performance analysis module evaluates the performance of various building materials under differentiated environmental conditions based on the crack identification information, simulates the stress distribution state of the target building, evaluates the stability of the foundation, and generates structural stability evaluation information; The durability assessment module uses the structural stability assessment information to analyze the durability of multiple components in the building, predict the service life of the structure, and evaluate the maintenance needs to generate a building life prediction result; The fire resistance capacity analysis module evaluates the fire resistance performance of the target building based on the building life prediction result and generates fire resistance performance evaluation information by modeling the performance of building materials under various fire scenarios; The building safety assessment module uses the fire resistance performance assessment information to simulate various natural disaster scenarios, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, analyze the stability and safety of buildings under various disaster conditions, evaluate the safety performance of buildings, and generate a safety performance assessment score.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are: In the present invention, by collecting the size and structural information of the building, constructing a building information model, identifying cracks and structural defects, timely evaluating the safety status of the building, analyzing the performance of various building materials under differentiated environmental conditions, enhancing the ability to predict the durability of the building, and achieving an accurate evaluation of the structural stability and durability of the building. Taking into account the impact of fire and natural disasters, a comprehensive evaluation of the safety performance of the building is achieved, the predictability of the building safety is improved, the risk of accidents is reduced, and the safety of life and property of residents is protected. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a detailed flow chart of S1 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a detailed flow chart of S2 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a detailed flow chart of S3 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a detailed flow chart of S4 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a detailed flow chart of S5 of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a detailed flow chart of S6 of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a system flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, in the description of the present invention, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0020] See also Figure 1 The present invention provides a technical solution, a method for evaluating building safety performance, comprising the following steps: S1: Based on 3D laser scanning equipment, it collects image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of the building, builds a 3D building information model in real time by analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure, and outputs a 3D structural data set; S2: Based on the 3D structural data set, by analyzing the scan data, the cracks and structural defects on the internal and external walls of the building are identified, the size, shape and location of multiple defects are recorded, and crack identification information is generated; S3: Based on crack identification information, by analyzing the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions, predicting the performance degradation trend of materials, combining with the building information model, simulating the stress distribution state, and evaluating the stability of the building foundation, generating structural stability assessment information; S4: Based on the structural stability assessment information, according to the material performance data and stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components of the target building is analyzed, the service life of the building is predicted, and the building life prediction results are generated; S5: Based on the building life prediction results, use the building information model to simulate and analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building to form fire resistance performance evaluation information; S6: Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, analyze the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters, evaluate the safety performance of the building, and generate a safety performance evaluation score.

[0021] The three-dimensional structural data set includes the building's facade, cross-section information, and level layout diagram; the crack identification information includes crack geometry information, crack type identification information, and crack location information; the structural stability assessment information includes settlement measurement data, bearing capacity loss prediction information, and slip surface prediction results; the building life prediction results include maintenance demand prediction information, building component durability assessment information, and the expected service life of the building; the fire resistance performance assessment information includes material burning rate, smoke toxicity level, and structural integrity retention time; the safety performance assessment score includes the stability rating information of the structure under various disaster conditions, safe exit time estimation, and evacuation efficiency assessment data.

[0022] See also Figure 2 , based on 3D laser scanning equipment, collect image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of the building, and build a 3D building information model in real time by analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure. The specific steps of outputting the 3D structure data set are as follows: S101: Scanning the interior and exterior of a building using a three-dimensional laser scanning device, collecting scanned images of the exterior facade and interior structure of the building, and obtaining a scanned image set; In sub-step S101, the interior and exterior of the building are scanned by a three-dimensional laser scanning device to obtain an image data set of the building's appearance and internal structure. Laser distance measurement technology is used to calculate the distance using the time difference between the laser and the object's reflection, providing spatial three-dimensional coordinate information. According to the intensity of the reflected laser, the scanning parameters are automatically adjusted to adapt to different surface materials and colors to optimize data collection accuracy. During the scanning process, the real-time transmission of the data is monitored, and adjustments are made immediately to data transmission interruptions or quality problems to ensure the integrity and reliability of the data set. The data obtained through scanning is stored in an internal hard disk and then transmitted to the main server for backup and preliminary processing, such as image stitching and preliminary correction, to ensure that the collected data accurately reflects the actual situation of the building.

[0023] S102: based on the scanned image set, performing noise reduction and contrast adjustment on the image data to optimize the image quality and clarity, and obtaining an image data processing result; In sub-step S102, noise reduction and contrast adjustment are performed based on the acquired scanned image set. The Gaussian blur algorithm is used to pre-process the image to reduce random noise in the image. The histogram equalization technology is used to improve the contrast and visual effect of the image. Through the target processing steps, the details and quality of the image are optimized for image analysis and processing. Each image file is inspected to ensure that the quality of the processed image meets the predetermined standards. The parameters of the images with poor processing effects are readjusted for secondary processing. The processing results are recorded in the work log, including the image comparison before and after processing, the algorithm type and parameter settings used, and the image data processing results obtained.

[0024] S103: Based on the image data processing result, analyze the external dimensions and internal structure of the building, construct a three-dimensional building information model, and generate a three-dimensional structure data set; In the above content, based on the image data processing results, the building's external dimensions and internal structure are analyzed, and the formula Calculate the distance between two points to verify the accuracy of the model; In the formula, , , Represents the three-dimensional coordinates of the first point, , , Represents the three-dimensional coordinates of the second point, Represents the Euclidean distance between two points; Detailed explanation of the formula and the process of formula calculation and derivation: Assume that the coordinates of the first point are , the coordinates of the second point are ,calculate : The result 7.07m indicates the distance between the two points. The result is used to verify the accuracy of the 3D building model and ensure that subsequent structural analysis and building assessment are based on accurate data.

[0025] See also Figure 3 Based on the three-dimensional structural data set, the scanning data is analyzed to identify cracks and structural defects on the internal and external walls of the building, and the size, shape and location of multiple defects are recorded. The specific steps for generating crack identification information are as follows: S201: Based on the three-dimensional structure data set, by analyzing the scanned image, wall cracks, joints and water seepage traces are identified to obtain defect location results; In sub-step S201, based on the three-dimensional structural data set, the image recognition algorithm support vector machine and deep learning model are used, and the convolutional neural network is used to identify and classify the structural defects of the wall, including cracks, joints and traces of water seepage. The target algorithm is trained to recognize specific patterns and texture differences in the image, perform image segmentation, and distinguish the defective area from the normal structural area. Each identified defective area will be marked and recorded in the system, including the location of the defect and preliminary assessment information. The target data will be entered into the database, and the defect location results obtained will be used to guide subsequent defect analysis and repair work.

[0026] S202: based on the defect location result, extract and analyze the crack area image, measure the geometric shapes of multiple cracks, including length, width, and depth, and obtain the defect analysis result; In sub-step S202, the image of the crack area is analyzed using the identified defect location results. The process uses image processing techniques such as edge detection and image segmentation technology. The target technology helps to accurately measure the geometry of the cracks, including the length, width and depth of the cracks. Automatic measurement tools such as digital image processing software are used to perform dimensional analysis on the crack images to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the measurement results. In the analysis results, the dimensional data of each crack will be recorded in detail and compared with historical data to evaluate the development trend of the cracks and obtain the defect analysis results. The target results provide the building maintenance team with a data basis for performing repair operations.

[0027] S203: Based on the defect analysis results, the identified cracks and structural defects are recorded, including the location, size, type and morphology information of the defects, and mapped and marked on the three-dimensional geometric model to generate crack identification information; In sub-step S203, the analyzed cracks and structural defects are recorded and classified, including the location, size, type and morphology information of each defect. Three-dimensional building information modeling software, such as Autodesk Revit or BIM software, is used to map and mark the target information on the three-dimensional model to ensure that each defect is accurately displayed in the model. Visualization helps engineers and maintenance teams better understand the situation and impact of the defects, and automatically generates defect records, including images and data analysis results, to ensure that relevant information is properly managed and utilized. The completed crack identification information is used as part of the maintenance and repair plan to provide technical support and data basis for subsequent decision-making.

[0028] See also Figure 4 Based on the crack identification information, the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions is analyzed to predict the performance degradation trend of the materials. Combined with the building information model, the stress distribution state is simulated and the stability of the building foundation is evaluated. The specific steps for generating structural stability assessment information are as follows: S301: Based on the crack identification information, the reaction speed and degradation process of various building materials under differentiated environmental conditions are analyzed, and the material performance of the target building is analyzed in combination with the meteorological conditions of the target area to obtain the material degradation analysis results; In sub-step S301, crack identification information is used to evaluate the degradation rate and reactivity of different building materials such as concrete, steel and wood under various environmental conditions. Chemical reaction rate equations and material science analysis models, such as the Arrhenius equation, are used to predict the impact of temperature and humidity changes on material properties. Model parameters are set based on specific meteorological data of the target area, such as temperature, humidity, and ultraviolet intensity. The performance degradation curve of each material is accurately calculated and compared with experimental data to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the analysis results. The obtained material degradation analysis results record the degradation characteristics and rates of various materials under specific environmental conditions, providing a scientific basis for subsequent building maintenance and repair.

[0029] S302: Using the material degradation analysis results, using the building information model to simulate the stress distribution of the building structure, and obtaining stress distribution state information; In sub-step S302, based on the material degradation analysis results, building information modeling software such as BIM and finite element analysis software are used to simulate the stress distribution of the building structure under actual loads and environmental influences, set material performance parameters in the model, such as elastic modulus and yield strength, adjust target parameters according to the degradation analysis results, record stress concentration areas and structural fatigue points during the simulation, use color coding to intuitively display the stress distribution state on the three-dimensional model, and generate stress distribution state information, including stress magnitude, distribution range and stress response of key structural elements. The target information is crucial for predicting potential structural damage points and formulating maintenance strategies.

[0030] S303: Based on the stress distribution state information, and according to the material and structure of the target building foundation, evaluate the foundation stability of the target building and generate structural stability evaluation information; In sub-step S303, the foundation stability of the target building is evaluated based on the stress distribution state information. Foundation analysis and evaluation software, such as GEO5 or Plaxis, is used to calculate soil stability and bearing capacity. The physical and mechanical performance parameters of the foundation material, such as density, friction angle and cohesion, are input. The software simulates the response of the foundation under building loads and environmental changes. The output includes displacement, deformation and stress distribution information. During the foundation stability evaluation process, special attention is paid to stress concentration areas and potential slip surfaces. The generated structural stability evaluation information includes foundation stability grades and improvement suggestions. The target evaluation results are of great value in ensuring the long-term stability and safety of the building.

[0031] See also Figure 5Based on the structural stability assessment information, according to the material performance data and stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components of the target building is analyzed to predict the service life of the building. The specific steps for generating the building life prediction results are as follows: S401: Based on the structural stability assessment information, according to the material performance data of multiple key components in the target building and in combination with the stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components is assessed to obtain component performance analysis results; In sub-step S401, based on the structural stability assessment information, the durability of key components in the target building, such as beams, columns and connectors, is assessed using material science and structural engineering analysis techniques. The material performance data of each component, such as compressive strength and tensile properties, and stress distribution state are considered, and the finite element analysis model is used for simulation. The stress-strain relationship of the material and environmental influencing factors, such as temperature and humidity, are considered. The data obtained through simulation are analyzed in detail to identify weak points and fatigue crack initiation areas. The durability analysis results of each component will be recorded and used to formulate subsequent maintenance and reinforcement measures to ensure that each key component can maintain its structural integrity and functionality within its design life.

[0032] S402: Based on the component performance analysis results, analyze and predict the performance changes and service life of multiple components under differentiated usage conditions to obtain component durability prediction results; In sub-step S402, based on the component performance analysis results, the prediction model is used to analyze the performance changes and expected life of key components under different usage conditions. Durability prediction software, such as ANSYS nCode DesignLife, is used to combine experimental data and historical performance records to conduct life cycle analysis, taking into account various environmental factors and load conditions, calculate the fatigue life of components under specific operating conditions, generate prediction curves and degradation models, and process prediction results indicate under which conditions the performance of components may deteriorate, providing a basis for subsequent maintenance plans and replacement schedules. Component durability prediction results are regarded as key decision support tools to help maintenance teams optimize maintenance resources and schedules.

[0033] S403: Based on the component durability prediction results, combined with the prediction model and actual use conditions, the expected life of the target building is calculated to generate a building life prediction result; The specific formula for calculating the expected life of the target building is: in, represents the predicted total building lifespan, is the intercept of the model, represents the number of features used in the model, It is an index of characteristics, including the type and quality of building materials, historical maintenance records, environmental conditions, and the loads or pressures on the building. Representative The importance weight of the feature, Representative The actual observed value of the feature, Represents the correlation coefficient between building usage conditions and expected life span.

[0034] formula: Detailed explanation of the formula and the process of formula calculation: This formula is used to calculate the expected life of the target building. The basic life is added with the results adjusted from the building characteristics and related coefficients. The result is used to evaluate the maintenance or renovation needs of the building. Parameter meaning and setting value: is the intercept of the model, which is assumed to be 50 years, indicating the basic life expectancy under ideal conditions; is the number of features used in the model, assumed to be 4, including material quality, maintenance history, environmental conditions, and load pressure; For the feature weights, assume that the material quality weight is 0.4, the maintenance history is 0.3, the environmental conditions are 0.2, and the load pressure is 0.1; is the actual observed value of the feature, assuming that the material quality index is 0.8, the number of maintenance times is 5, the environmental index is 0.6, and the load index is 0.9; is the correlation coefficient between building use conditions and expected life, assumed to be 0.01; Substitute the parameters into the formula for calculation: The result of 50.709 years indicates the expected lifespan of the building. The result shows that given the characteristic observations and correlation coefficients, combined with the model-based expectations, the prediction is used to plan long-term maintenance and renewal cycles to ensure the continued safety and functionality of the building.

[0035] See also Figure 6 Based on the building life prediction results, the building information model is used to simulate and analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building. The specific steps for forming the fire resistance performance evaluation information are as follows: S501: Based on the building life prediction results and the material data of the target building, simulate and analyze the response states of various building materials under fire scenarios, record the thermal expansion, burning rate and structural deformation data of the materials, and obtain the material thermal response data; In sub-step S501, the building life prediction results are used as a basis to simulate and analyze the response of materials used in the target building, such as steel, concrete and wood, under fire conditions. Thermal analysis and combustion simulation software, such as PyroSim, is used to simulate the thermal expansion, burning rate and structural deformation of materials under different temperature and fire conditions. The temperature response curve and thermal stress development of each material are recorded, and the thermal expansion coefficient and burning rate are measured and calculated to ensure that the target data accurately reflects the actual performance of the material. The material thermal response data provides key input for subsequent fire resistance performance evaluation and helps predict the behavior and safety of materials under actual fire conditions.

[0036] S502: Based on the material thermal response data, use the building information model to simulate various fire scenarios, calculate the degree of structural bearing capacity loss of the material under various scenarios, evaluate the fire resistance of the material, including the fire resistance time at various temperatures, and obtain the fire resistance simulation results; In sub-step S502, based on the material thermal response data, building information models and fire simulation software, such as Fire Dynamics Simulator, are used to simulate the impact of different fire scenarios on building structures. By setting different fire scenarios, the bearing capacity loss and fire resistance time of various materials in fire are calculated. The fire resistance performance of each material is analyzed to determine its structural integrity in a high temperature environment. The process records in detail the specific impact of temperature on the structural bearing capacity, and evaluates the fire resistance level and performance of various building materials through simulation results. The fire resistance simulation results provide an important basis for building design and safety regulations, ensuring the safety and response strategy of buildings in potential fires.

[0037] S503: Analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building using the fire resistance simulation results, including analyzing the temperature change and burning rate during the fire, the structural stability and reconstruction requirements after the fire, and generate fire resistance performance assessment information; In sub-step S503, the fire resistance simulation results are used to analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building, taking into account the temperature change when the fire occurs, the burning rate, and the degree of structural damage after the fire. Structural analysis and post-disaster assessment techniques, such as structural integrity analysis and building damage assessment tools, are used to assess the stability and safety of the building after the fire, while calculating the demand and cost of reconstruction or repair. The assessment process includes a comprehensive evaluation of the fire resistance performance of building materials and predicting the performance of the building under extreme fire conditions. The generated fire resistance performance assessment information provides a decision-making basis for building managers to formulate fire prevention measures and emergency response plans.

[0038] See also Figure 7 ,Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters are analyzed, and the safety performance of the building is evaluated. The specific steps for generating the safety performance evaluation score are as follows: S601: Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, using the building information model, setting and inputting simulation parameters of various natural disasters, including intensity and duration, to obtain a disaster simulation parameter set; In sub-step S601, based on the fire resistance performance assessment information, building information modeling software such as BIM is used to set and input simulation parameters for various natural disaster scenarios, including the intensity, type and duration of the disaster. Disaster scenario modeling is performed through the integrated environmental simulation tool ANSYS or ABAQUS to ensure that the parameters of each disaster scenario are accurately set, and the building model is systematically loaded and analyzed for response. The generated disaster simulation parameter set is the basis for predicting the performance of the building under the influence of different natural disasters, providing data support for structural analysis.

[0039] S602: Apply the disaster simulation parameter set to simulate the impact of various disasters, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, calculate the stress response and structural changes of buildings under various disaster conditions, and obtain the disaster impact simulation results; In sub-step S602, the disaster simulation parameter set is applied to simulate the structural stress response of the building under various disaster conditions through building analysis and simulation software. The specific impact of various natural disasters such as floods, earthquakes, and typhoons on the building is considered. The finite element method and structural dynamics analysis are used to calculate the stress distribution, deformation and potential structural damage of multiple parts of the building under various disaster conditions. Through target simulation, the weak points and potential risk areas of the building are identified, and the disaster impact simulation results are generated. The target results are key to guiding the improvement of building design and the formulation of emergency response measures.

[0040] S603: Based on the disaster impact simulation results, evaluate the stability and safety of the target building, predict the safe exit time and evacuation efficiency of the building, and generate a safety performance evaluation score; In sub-step S603, the stability and safety of the building are evaluated based on the disaster impact simulation results. Building assessment software and safety analysis tools, such as Evacuation Simulation Software, are used to evaluate the safe exit time and evacuation efficiency of the building under various disaster situations, calculate and simulate the evacuation path and time of personnel in an emergency, and ensure the effectiveness and practicality of the evacuation plan. The safety performance evaluation score obtained by analysis is based on the structural response and evacuation data of the building, providing an evaluation of the building's ability to protect the safety of personnel in the event of an actual disaster, and providing a scientific basis for building management and emergency preparedness.

[0041] See also Figure 8 , a building safety performance evaluation system, the building safety performance evaluation system is used to perform the above-mentioned building safety performance evaluation method, the system comprises: The 3D scanning module uses 3D laser scanning equipment to collect internal and external structural images of buildings, construct a 3D building information model, and combines image processing to identify wall cracks and structural defects, record the size and location information of the defects, and generate crack identification information; The material performance analysis module evaluates the performance of various building materials under differentiated environmental conditions based on crack identification information, simulates the stress distribution state of the target building, evaluates the stability of the foundation, and generates structural stability assessment information; The durability assessment module uses the structural stability assessment information to analyze the durability of multiple components in the building, predict the service life of the structure, and evaluate the maintenance needs to generate a building life prediction result; The fire resistance analysis module evaluates the fire resistance of the target building based on the building life prediction results and generates fire resistance evaluation information by modeling the performance of building materials under various fire scenarios; The building safety assessment module uses fire resistance performance assessment information to simulate various natural disaster scenarios, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, analyze the stability and safety of buildings under various disaster conditions, evaluate the safety performance of buildings, and generate safety performance assessment scores.

[0042] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in other forms. Any technician familiar with the profession may use the technical contents disclosed above to change or modify them into equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes and apply them to other fields. However, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the technical solution of the present invention still falls within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building safety performance assessment method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Based on 3D laser scanning equipment, the image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of the building is collected. By analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure, a 3D building information model is constructed in real time, and a 3D structural data set is output; Based on the three-dimensional structural data set, by analyzing the scan data, cracks and structural defects on the internal and external walls of the building are identified, the sizes, shapes and locations of multiple defects are recorded, and crack identification information is generated; Based on the crack identification information, by analyzing the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions, predicting the performance degradation trend of the materials, combining with the building information model, simulating the stress distribution state, and evaluating the stability of the building foundation, the structural stability assessment information is generated; Based on the structural stability assessment information, according to material performance data and stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components of the target building is analyzed, the service life of the building is predicted, and a building life prediction result is generated; Based on the building life prediction results, using a building information model, simulating and analyzing the fire resistance performance of the target building to form fire resistance performance evaluation information; Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters are analyzed, the safety performance of the building is evaluated, and a safety performance evaluation score is generated.

2. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The three-dimensional structural data set includes the building's facade, cross-sectional information, and hierarchical layout diagram; the crack identification information includes crack geometry information, crack type identification information, and crack location information; the structural stability assessment information includes settlement measurement data, bearing capacity loss prediction information, and slip surface prediction results; the building life prediction results include maintenance demand prediction information, building component durability assessment information, and the expected service life of the building; the fire resistance performance assessment information includes material burning rate, smoke toxicity level, and structural integrity retention time; the safety performance assessment score includes stability rating information of the structure under various disaster conditions, safe exit time estimation, and evacuation efficiency assessment data.

3. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on 3D laser scanning equipment, image information of the internal and external dimensions and structure of the building is collected. By analyzing the building's external dimensions and internal structure, a 3D building information model is constructed in real time. The steps to output a 3D structural data set are as follows: Scan the inside and outside of the building using a 3D laser scanning device, collect scanned images of the building's exterior facade and interior structure, and obtain a scanned image set; Based on the scanned image set, performing noise reduction and contrast adjustment on the image data to optimize the image quality and clarity, and obtaining an image data processing result; Based on the image data processing results, the external dimensions and internal structure of the building are analyzed, a three-dimensional building information model is constructed, and a three-dimensional structural data set is generated.

4. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the three-dimensional structural data set, by analyzing the scanned data, cracks and structural defects on the internal and external walls of the building are identified, and the sizes, shapes and locations of multiple defects are recorded. The steps of generating crack identification information are specifically as follows: Based on the three-dimensional structure data set, by analyzing the scanned image, wall cracks, joints and water seepage traces are identified to obtain defect location results; Based on the defect location results, extract and analyze the crack area image, measure the geometric shapes of multiple cracks, including length, width, and depth, and obtain defect analysis results; Based on the defect analysis results, the identified cracks and structural defects are recorded, including the location, size, type and morphological information of the defects, and mapped and marked on the three-dimensional geometric model to generate crack identification information.

5. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the crack identification information, by analyzing the performance of various building materials under various environmental conditions, predicting the performance degradation trend of the materials, combining with the building information model, simulating the stress distribution state, and evaluating the stability of the building foundation, the steps of generating the structural stability evaluation information are as follows: Based on the crack identification information, the reaction speed and degradation process of various building materials under differentiated environmental conditions are analyzed, and the material performance of the target building is analyzed in combination with the meteorological conditions of the target area to obtain material degradation analysis results; Using the material degradation analysis results, simulating the stress distribution of the building structure using a building information model to obtain stress distribution state information; Based on the stress distribution state information, the foundation stability of the target building is evaluated according to the material and structure of the target building foundation, and structural stability evaluation information is generated.

6. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the structural stability assessment information, according to the material performance data and stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components of the target building is analyzed to predict the service life of the building. The steps of generating the building life prediction result are specifically as follows: Based on the structural stability assessment information, according to the material performance data of multiple key components in the target building and in combination with the stress distribution state, the durability of multiple components is assessed to obtain component performance analysis results; Based on the component performance analysis results, analyze and predict the performance changes and service life of multiple components under differentiated usage conditions to obtain component durability prediction results; Based on the component durability prediction results, combined with the prediction model and actual usage conditions, the expected life of the target building is calculated to generate a building life prediction result.

7. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific formula for calculating the expected life of the target building is: in, represents the predicted total building life, is the intercept of the model, represents the number of features used in the model, It is an index of characteristics, including the type and quality of building materials, historical maintenance records, environmental conditions, and the loads or pressures on the building. Representative The importance weight of the feature, Representative The actual observed value of the feature, Represents the correlation coefficient between building usage conditions and expected life span.

8. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the building life prediction result, the steps of simulating and analyzing the fire resistance performance of the target building using the building information model to form the fire resistance performance evaluation information are as follows: Based on the building life prediction results, according to the material data of the target building, simulate and analyze the response states of various building materials under fire scenarios, record the thermal expansion, burning rate and structural deformation data of the materials, and obtain the material thermal response data; Based on the thermal response data of the material, a building information model is used to simulate various fire scenarios, calculate the degree of structural bearing capacity loss of the material under various scenarios, evaluate the fire resistance of the material, including the fire resistance time at various temperatures, and obtain fire resistance simulation results; The fire resistance simulation results are used to analyze the fire resistance performance of the target building, including analyzing the temperature change and burning rate during the fire, the structural stability and reconstruction requirements after the fire, and generate fire resistance performance evaluation information.

9. The building safety performance evaluation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, the steps of analyzing the stability and safety of the target building under various natural disasters, evaluating the safety performance of the building, and generating a safety performance evaluation score are as follows: Based on the fire resistance performance evaluation information, using a building information model, setting and inputting simulation parameters of multiple natural disasters, including intensity and duration, to obtain a disaster simulation parameter set; Applying the disaster simulation parameter set, the impact of various disasters, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, is simulated, the stress response and structural changes of buildings under various disaster conditions are calculated, and the disaster impact simulation results are obtained; Based on the disaster impact simulation results, the stability and safety of the target building are evaluated, and the safe exit time and evacuation efficiency of the building are predicted to generate a safety performance evaluation score.

10. A building safety performance evaluation system, characterized in that: According to any one of claims 1 to 9, the building safety performance assessment method comprises: The 3D scanning module uses 3D laser scanning equipment to collect internal and external structural images of buildings, construct a 3D building information model, and combines image processing to identify wall cracks and structural defects, record the size and location information of the defects, and generate crack identification information; The material performance analysis module evaluates the performance of various building materials under differentiated environmental conditions based on the crack identification information, simulates the stress distribution state of the target building, evaluates the stability of the foundation, and generates structural stability evaluation information; The durability assessment module uses the structural stability assessment information to analyze the durability of multiple components in the building, predict the service life of the structure, and evaluate the maintenance needs to generate a building life prediction result; The fire resistance capacity analysis module evaluates the fire resistance performance of the target building based on the building life prediction result and generates fire resistance performance evaluation information by modeling the performance of building materials under various fire scenarios; The building safety assessment module uses the fire resistance performance assessment information to simulate various natural disaster scenarios, including floods, earthquakes, and typhoons, analyze the stability and safety of buildings under various disaster conditions, evaluate the safety performance of buildings, and generate a safety performance assessment score.

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