Strike-slip fault dislocation multi-stage terrace simulation device

Abstract

The invention discloses a strike-slip fault dislocation multi-stage terrace simulation device. Comprising an experiment table, a combined experiment box arranged on the experiment table, a sliding assembly arranged at the bottom of the combined experiment box and used for adjusting the position, a lifting assembly connected to the combined experiment box and used for adjusting space parameters, and a rainfall assembly arranged above the combined experiment box and used for simulating rainfall. Multi-stage lifting adjustment of the combined experiment box in the strike-slip fault simulation process is achieved, then the complex lifting history of the earth crust in the natural world is simulated, river terrace formation controlled by the combined experiment box is simulated, and the combined experiment box is simple in structure, convenient to operate and easy to implement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a river terrace structure landform simulation device, in particular to a strike-slip fault dislocation multi-level terrace simulation device. Background Art

[0002] The formation of river terraces is mainly caused by the downcutting erosion of rivers under the influence of the vertical uplift of the earth's crust. Since the vertical uplift of the earth's crust is very frequent in nature, a river usually develops multiple terraces. The tectonic landforms formed by the horizontal dislocation of river terraces by strike-slip faults are an important sign for studying the activity of strike-slip faults. Identifying the geomorphological characteristics of horizontal dislocations of river terraces is an important means to study the activity of strike-slip faults. The dislocation history of river terraces can record earthquake events and reflect the long-term sliding rate of strike-slip faults. The current experimental device cannot achieve repeated uplift and downlift of the earth's crust when simulating strike-slip fault activity, making it difficult to reproduce the development process of multiple terraces. Summary of the invention

[0003] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a strike-slip fault dislocated multi-terrace simulation device that can simulate the multi-level river terraces formed by passing through a strike-slip fault, study the relationship between fault activity and the river terrace evolution process, and provide a model basis for scientific research such as strike-slip fault activity and earthquake hazard assessment.

[0004] Technical solution: The strike-slip fault dislocation multi-terrace simulation device described in the present invention includes a test bench, a combined test box arranged on the test bench, a sliding component arranged at the bottom of the combined test box for adjusting the position, a lifting component connected to the combined test box for adjusting spatial parameters, and a rainfall component arranged above the combined test box for simulating rainfall.

[0005] Preferably, the combined experimental box includes an inclined sliding box with adjustable spatial parameters, a vertical sliding box movably connected to one side of the inclined sliding box, and a vertical sliding groove provided on the other side of the vertical sliding box for limiting the movement of the vertical sliding box.

[0006] Preferably, the combined experimental box is closed on all sides and has no cover on the top, and the experimental box is provided with experimental materials for simulating river landforms.

[0007] Preferably, the vertical sliding groove is fixed on the laboratory table.

[0008] Preferably, the lifting assembly includes a first support rod connected to the bottom of the inclined sliding box for adjusting spatial parameters, a second support rod for maintaining the horizontal position of the inclined sliding box, and a third support rod connected between the laboratory table and the sliding assembly for adjusting spatial parameters.

[0009] Preferably, the sliding assembly comprises an adjustable platform arranged at one end of the third support rod, a sliding base plate is provided on the adjustable platform, one end of the sliding base plate is connected to an electric cylinder, and the electric cylinder is fixed on the adjustable platform.

[0010] Preferably, one end of the first support rod is fixed on the sliding base plate.

[0011] Preferably, a slide table is provided at the bottom of the inclined sliding box and a slide groove is provided at the bottom of the vertical sliding box, and the slide table and the slide groove are movably cooperated to realize relative sliding of the inclined sliding box and the vertical sliding box.

[0012] Preferably, the rainfall component comprises a water supply pipe arranged above the combined experimental box, and the water supply pipe body is connected to a plurality of sprinklers for simulating rainfall.

[0013] Preferably, a plurality of drain ports are provided on the vertical sliding groove, and a drain groove for draining the collected water is provided below the drain port, and the drain groove is obliquely connected to the outer wall of the vertical sliding groove.

[0014] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant effects: 1. By realizing multi-stage lifting and lowering adjustment of the combined experimental box in the process of strike-slip fault simulation, the complex lifting history of the earth's crust in nature and the formation of river terraces controlled by it can be simulated; 2. The structure of the device is simple, the operation is convenient, and it is easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0016] Figure 2 It is a front view of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 3 is a side view of the present invention;

[0018] Figure 4 It is a top view of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solution of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the experimental materials are placed in the combined experimental box 2 to simulate the terrain. During the experiment, the sliding component 3 and the lifting component 4 are adjusted to make the experimental materials in the combined experimental box 2 dislocated by the strike-slip movement. At the same time, by turning on the rainfall component 5, water flows through the water supply pipe 501 and sprays out from the nozzle 502 to simulate rainfall. The "rainwater" gathers in the combined experimental box 2 to form a river landform. At this time, part of the experimental materials are eroded by the "rainfall" to form river terraces, such as Figure 1 As shown, the experimental materials carried away by the water flow will flow out from the drain port 203a on the vertical sliding groove 203. Multiple drain ports can be provided according to actual conditions to improve drainage efficiency and control the number of rivers formed. The mixed liquid formed by the experimental materials and water discharged from the drain port 203a is collected and discharged and recycled through the drainage groove 203b below the drain port 203a. The drainage groove 203b is provided with a slope so that the mixed liquid will not accumulate in the middle section of the drainage groove 203b and will be directly discharged by gravity. By adjusting the internal tilt direction and angle of the sliding component 3, multiple lifting and lowering movements of the combined experimental box 2 can be achieved;

[0021] By adjusting the cooperation between the lifting component 4 and the sliding component 3, the sliding direction can be tilted without tilting the platform, thereby realizing strike-slip + lifting. Furthermore, the electric cylinder 303 fixed on the adjustable platform 301 can drive the L-shaped sliding base plate 302 to slide back and forth on the adjustable platform 301 to simulate strike-slip. By adjusting the first support rod 401 and the third support rod 403, the inclination angle of the adjustable platform 301 can be adjusted to realize the lifting movement mode and the adjustment of the ratio of the horizontal sliding rate to the crust lifting rate. At the same time, due to the setting of the second support rod 402, when the experiment is paused to adjust the inclination angle of the adjustable platform 301, the height of the combined experimental box 2 remains unchanged and remains horizontal, so that the landform slope of the river terrace in the combined experimental box 2 will not change when the experiment is paused, so as to eliminate the influence of the pause of the experiment on the experimental results.

[0022] like Figure 3 As shown, the vertical sliding groove 203 can limit the horizontal sliding of the vertical sliding box 202. Since the sliding groove 202a at the bottom of the vertical sliding box cooperates with the slide 201a at the bottom of the inclined sliding box 201, the vertical sliding box 202 and the inclined sliding box 201 are kept consistent in height. Furthermore, the top edge height of the vertical sliding groove 203 is fixed and is always not higher than the top edges of the inclined sliding box 201 and the vertical sliding box 202.

[0023] The present invention can realize multi-stage lifting and sliding motion of the inclined sliding box 201 and the vertical sliding box 202; the upper edge of the vertical sliding groove 203 simulates the erosion base plane (such as sea level, lake level, main river channel, etc.). Since the erosion base plane is fixed, when the inclined sliding box 201 and the vertical sliding box 202 are jointly lifted, the river outlet is higher than the erosion base plane, and precipitation will carry away the experimental materials, realizing river downcutting erosion, and the original riverbed is lifted to form terraces; when the inclined sliding box 201 and the vertical sliding box 202 are jointly lowered, the descent makes the river outlet lower than the erosion base plane, the water flow will not carry away the experimental materials, realizing riverbed deposition, and forming a new riverbed. This cycle is repeated many times to form multi-level terraces.

[0024] Preliminary preparation work: First, according to the purpose of the experiment, set the initial position between the inclined sliding box 201, the vertical sliding box 202 and the vertical sliding groove 203, and lock the second support rod 402 to fix the spatial position of the combined experimental box 2, do a good job of waterproofing the combined experimental box 2, and lay the experimental materials in the combined experimental box 2; set the inclination angle of the adjustable platform 301 by adjusting the first support rod 401 and the third support rod 403 to obtain different strike-slip fault sliding rates and crust lifting rate ratios. During the experiment, relevant data were collected by observing and collecting the surface river landforms of the experimental materials. Specific usage steps: start the electric cylinder 303 to make the combined experimental box 2 operate and drive the internal experimental materials to deform; at the same time, start the rainfall component to simulate rainfall, collect the precipitation in the combined experimental box 2, and it should flow out from the drain port 203 on the vertical sliding groove 203, and be discharged through the drain groove 203b to produce a river perpendicular to the strike-slip fault to ensure that the river is interrupted by the strike-slip fault; according to actual requirements, the experiment can be paused and the ratio of the sliding rate of the strike-slip fault and the vertical lifting rate of the crust can be adjusted by adjusting the sliding component 3 and the lifting component 4. During the experiment, the inclination angle of the adjustable platform 301 can be adjusted in multiple stages to meet different experimental purposes.

Claims

1. A strike-slip fault dislocation multi-terrace simulation device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a test bench (1), a combined test box (2) arranged on the test bench, a sliding component (3) arranged at the bottom of the combined test box (2) for adjusting the position, a lifting component (4) connected to the combined test box (2) for adjusting the spatial parameters, and a rainfall component (5) arranged above the combined test box (2) for simulating rainfall.

2. The strike-slip fault dislocation multi-level terrace simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The combined experimental box (2) comprises an inclined sliding box (201) with adjustable spatial parameters, a vertical sliding box (202) movably connected to one side of the inclined sliding box (201), and a vertical sliding groove (203) provided on the other side of the vertical sliding box (202) for limiting the movement of the vertical sliding box (202).

3. The strike-slip fault dislocation multi-level terrace simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that The combined experimental box (2) is closed on all sides and has no cover on the top. Experimental materials for simulating river landforms are arranged inside the experimental box (2).

4. The strike-slip fault dislocation multi-terrace simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The vertical sliding groove (203) is fixed on the experimental table (1).

5. The strike-slip fault dislocation multi-level terrace simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting assembly (4) comprises a first support rod (401) connected to the bottom of the inclined sliding box (201) for adjusting spatial parameters, a second support rod (402) for maintaining the horizontal position of the inclined sliding box, and a third support rod (403) connected between the experimental table (1) and the sliding assembly (3) for adjusting spatial parameters.

6. The strike-slip fault dislocation multi-terrace simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sliding assembly (3) comprises an adjustable platform (301) arranged at one end of the third support rod (403), a sliding base plate (302) is provided on the adjustable platform (301), one end of the sliding base plate (302) is connected to an electric cylinder (303), and the electric cylinder (303) is fixed on the adjustable platform (301).

7. The strike-slip fault dislocation multi-level terrace simulation device according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that: One end of the first support rod (401) is fixed on the sliding bottom plate (302).

8. The strike-slip fault dislocation multi-level terrace simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the inclined sliding box (201) is provided with a slide table (201a), and the bottom of the vertical sliding box (202) is provided with a slide groove (202a), and the slide table (201a) and the slide groove (202a) are movably matched to realize relative sliding of the inclined sliding box (201) and the vertical sliding box (202).

9. The strike-slip fault dislocation multi-terrace simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rainfall component (5) comprises a water supply pipe (501) arranged above the combined experimental box (2), and the water supply pipe (501) is connected to a plurality of sprinkler heads (502) for simulating rainfall.

10. The strike-slip fault dislocation multi-terrace simulation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of drainage ports (203a) are provided on the vertical sliding groove (203), and drainage grooves (203b) for draining collected water are provided below the drainage ports (203a), and the drainage grooves (203b) are obliquely connected to the outer wall of the vertical sliding groove (203).

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