Broadband wide-coverage intelligent reflection unit and intelligent reflection surface

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of intelligent surfaces and wireless communication, and relates to a broadband wide-coverage intelligent reflection unit and an intelligent reflection surface. Comprising a metal resonance layer, a first dielectric layer, a metal floor layer, a second dielectric layer and a metal feed circuit layer which are sequentially stacked from top to bottom and have overlapped central points, wherein the central point is used as the central point of the broadband wide-coverage intelligent reflection unit; the positive electrode of the PIN diode is connected with the metal feed circuit layer, and the negative electrode of the PIN diode is connected with the metal floor layer; each magnetic resonance generation unit comprises a plurality of grounding metal through holes, and each grounding metal through hole penetrates through the metal resonance layer, the first dielectric layer and the metal floor layer; wherein the plurality of magnetic resonance generation units are in central symmetry with respect to the central point of the broadband wide-coverage intelligent reflection unit. By simultaneously exciting electrification resonance and magnetic resonance in the same resonant structure, the phase regulation and control frequency band range of the intelligent reflection unit is effectively widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent surface and wireless communication, and in particular to a broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit and an intelligent reflection surface. Background Art

[0002] In traditional wireless communication systems, the fact that wireless channels are not controlled by users is an important factor that limits the performance of communication systems. In the new generation of communication systems, smart reflective surface technology can reconstruct wireless channels, expand communication coverage, and improve the reliability of wireless communication. For example, in 5G and 6G mobile communications, the line-of-sight channel between the transceiver is easily blocked. By setting up smart reflective surface equipment, additional line-of-sight information can be established between the smart reflective surface and the transceiver, thereby restoring high-quality communication services and enhancing communication robustness.

[0003] The intelligent reflective surface is composed of a large number of reflective units, each of which is equipped with adjustable components or variable materials for changing the reflection phase of the incident signal. By optimizing the reflection phase distribution matrix composed of a large number of reflective units, the physical channel between the transmitter and receiver is artificially configured to provide communication services. The intelligent reflective surface has the advantages of low profile, light weight and low cost, and can be placed on living facilities such as the exterior walls of buildings. It is not only compatible with existing communication systems, but also can be integrated into the living environment, so it has broad application prospects.

[0004] The existing intelligent reflective surface is composed of multiple reflective units arranged, each of which is usually composed of two dielectric layers, two metal layers, a metal feeder line layer and a PIN diode. One metal layer is used as the main reflective unit of the reflective surface to receive and reflect the incident electromagnetic waves, and the other metal layer is used as a ground plane to shield and reflect electromagnetic waves to prevent signal energy leakage; the two dielectric layers are respectively located between the two metal layers and the entire reflective unit and the control circuit; the metal feeder line layer is arranged at the bottom of the dielectric layer to provide a bias voltage for the PIN diode; the PIN diode is arranged on the surface metal resonant layer, and a resonant circuit is formed between the metal layer to control the reflection characteristics of the reflective surface. When the electromagnetic wave is incident on the intelligent reflective surface, the resonant circuit satisfies the resonance condition by changing the bias voltage of the PIN diode, thereby generating electrical resonance to change the phase of the intelligent reflective surface and the transmitted electromagnetic wave, thereby changing the propagation path of the electromagnetic wave inside the reflective surface, so that the electromagnetic wave is finally reflected with the desired amplitude and phase, and the coverage of the communication system is expanded by superimposing the electromagnetic wave reflected by the reflective surface with the electromagnetic wave directly emitted by the transmitting end.

[0005] The control function of existing smart reflective surfaces mainly relies on electric resonance. Limited by the frequency response characteristics of the electric resonance structure, the resonant circuit in the smart reflective surface can only produce effective electric resonance in a range very close to the natural frequency, thereby changing the transmission characteristics of the electromagnetic wave, resulting in a narrow working frequency band of the smart reflective surface. At the same time, when the obliquely incident electromagnetic wave enters the smart reflective surface, the electric field and magnetic field directions of the electromagnetic wave have a certain angle with the structural layout of the smart reflective surface. It is difficult to effectively interact and control this complex electromagnetic field distribution by relying solely on the electric resonance of a single frequency point. Therefore, most of the existing smart reflective surfaces can only control vertically incident electromagnetic waves and cannot improve the transmission characteristics of obliquely incident electromagnetic waves.

[0006] In summary, the existing smart reflective surfaces have a narrow working frequency band that cannot meet communication requirements, and have poor oblique incidence performance. They can only work under normal incidence conditions of electromagnetic waves and cannot regulate oblique incidence electromagnetic waves. Summary of the invention

[0007] To this end, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the problems that the smart reflective surface in the prior art has a narrow working frequency band that cannot meet communication requirements, and has poor oblique incidence performance and can only work under normal incidence conditions of electromagnetic waves and cannot regulate the oblique incident electromagnetic waves.

[0008] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit, comprising: A metal resonance layer, a first dielectric layer, a metal floor layer, a second dielectric layer and a metal feeder line layer are stacked in sequence from top to bottom with the center points coinciding; wherein the center point serves as the center point of a broadband wide coverage intelligent reflection unit; A PIN diode, wherein the positive electrode thereof is connected to the metal feed line layer, and the negative electrode thereof is connected to the metal floor layer; A plurality of magnetic resonance generating units, each of which comprises a plurality of grounding metal through holes, each of which penetrates the metal resonance layer, the first dielectric layer and the metal floor layer; wherein the plurality of magnetic resonance generating units are centrally symmetrical about a center point of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit.

[0009] Preferably, the distance between each of the magnetic resonance generating units and the center point of the broadband wide-bandwidth coverage intelligent reflection unit is smaller than the distance between the magnetic resonance generating unit and the side of the broadband wide-bandwidth coverage intelligent reflection unit.

[0010] Preferably, the number of the magnetic resonance generating units is 4; and / or The number of grounding metal through holes in each of the magnetic resonance generating units is 2 to 4; and / or The shapes of the grounding metal through holes include circle, rectangle, pentagon and hexagon.

[0011] Preferably, the side length of the metal resonance layer is smaller than the side length of the first dielectric layer.

[0012] Preferably, it also includes: Two equivalent metal walls are respectively arranged on two sides of the first dielectric layer in the same direction as the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, each of the equivalent metal walls comprises a plurality of connected grounding metal columns, and the grounding metal columns penetrate the first dielectric layer and the metal floor layer; Wherein, the width of each of the equivalent metal walls is less than half of the difference between the side lengths of the metal resonance layer and the first dielectric layer.

[0013] Preferably, the plurality of grounding metal pillars in each of the equivalent metal walls are evenly arranged on the side of the first dielectric layer; and / or The number of grounded metal posts in each of the equivalent metal walls is 3 to 6; and / or The shape of the grounding metal column includes a round column and a square column.

[0014] Preferably, the metal resonance layer comprises two electric resonance metal patches, and the two electric resonance metal patches are symmetrically arranged about the center point of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit; The PIN diode is arranged on the surface of the metal resonance layer on one side close to the first dielectric layer, with its positive electrode connected to an electric resonance metal patch and its negative electrode connected to another electric resonance metal patch.

[0015] Preferably, the anode of the PIN diode is connected to the metal feed line layer through a metal through hole.

[0016] Preferably, the side length of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit is 26 mm; The thickness of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit is 5.954 mm; The copper coating thickness on the surface of the metal resonance layer is 0.018 mm; The grounding metal through hole is circular in shape with a radius of 0.8 mm; The metal resonance layer, the metal floor layer and the metal feed line layer are all made of copper; The first medium layer and the second medium layer are both epoxy glass fiber boards.

[0017] The present invention also provides a broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection surface, wherein the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection surface is obtained by arranging a plurality of the above-mentioned broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection units in an array.

[0018] The broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit provided by the present invention is composed of a metal resonance layer, a first dielectric layer, a metal floor layer, a second dielectric layer, a metal feed line layer, a PIN diode and a plurality of magnetic resonance generating units centrally symmetrically arranged about the center point of the intelligent reflection unit. Each magnetic resonance generating unit includes a plurality of grounded metal through holes, and each grounded metal through hole penetrates the metal resonance layer, the first dielectric layer and the metal floor layer. Based on the electromagnetic coupling principle, when an electromagnetic wave enters the intelligent reflection unit, the bias voltage of the PIN diode is changed so that the resonance circuit composed of the metal resonance layer and the PIN diode meets the resonance condition, thereby generating electric resonance. Since the grounded metal through hole is similar to a coil, when electric resonance occurs, a magnetic field is generated around the through hole when current flows through the grounded metal through hole. At the same time, since the grounded metal through hole penetrates the metal The intelligent reflection unit comprises a first resonant layer, a first dielectric layer and a metal floor layer. The change of the electric field around the grounded metal through hole causes the magnetic field around the through hole to be generated along the axial direction of the through hole, thereby coupling and enhancing the magnetic field between the metal resonant layer, the first dielectric layer and the metal floor layer, thereby forming a magnetic resonance in the intelligent reflection unit. Since each resonance has a corresponding frequency range, the intelligent reflection unit can effectively regulate the phase of the electromagnetic wave within this frequency range. Therefore, by simultaneously exciting the electric resonance and the magnetic resonance in the same resonant structure, the phase regulation frequency band range of the intelligent reflection unit is effectively broadened. At the same time, the electric resonance and the magnetic resonance are simultaneously generated to enhance the electromagnetic coupling of the intelligent reflection unit, which can effectively capture the electric field component and the magnetic field component in the incident electromagnetic wave signal, thereby effectively interacting and regulating the electromagnetic field distribution of the obliquely incident electromagnetic wave. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to make the content of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below according to specific embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein: Figure 1 Schematic diagram of a broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit provided for this application; Figure 2 A front view of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit provided by this application; Figure 3 A side view of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit provided in this application; Figure 4 A bottom view of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit provided in this application; Figure 5 A schematic cross-sectional view of a metal floor layer of a broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit provided in this application; Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the electromagnetic response characteristics of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit under normal incidence provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7This is a schematic diagram of the performance of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit provided in the embodiment of the present application under different oblique incidence conditions; wherein, Figure 7 (a) is a schematic diagram of the reflection amplitude under different oblique incidence conditions. Figure 7 (b) is a schematic diagram of the reflection phase under different oblique incidence conditions; Figure 8 A schematic diagram of a wide-band simulation of a broadband and wide-coverage smart reflector provided in this application when the deflection beam angle is 11°; Fig. 9 A schematic diagram of a wide-bandwidth and wide-coverage wide-band intelligent reflector provided in this application when the deflection beam angle is 24°; Fig.10 A schematic diagram of a wide-bandwidth and wide-coverage intelligent reflector provided in this application when the deflection beam angle is 11° and the incident angle is 20°; Explanation of the markings in the accompanying drawings in the specification: 1. Metal resonance layer; 11. Electric resonance metal patch; 2. First dielectric layer; 3. Metal floor layer; 4. Second dielectric layer; 5. Metal feed line layer; 6. PIN diode; 7. Magnetic resonance generating unit; 71. Grounded metal through hole; 8. Equivalent metal wall; 81. Grounded metal column; 9. Metal through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and implement it, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0021] See also Figure 1~Figure 5 , Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit provided in this application, Figure 2 This is the main view of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflector unit. Figure 3 Side view of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflector unit. Figure 4 Bottom view of the broadband and wide coverage smart reflector unit. Figure 5 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of a metal floor layer of a broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit; the intelligent reflection unit comprises: a metal resonance layer 1, a first dielectric layer 2, a metal floor layer 3, a second dielectric layer 4, a metal feed line layer 5, a PIN diode 6 and a plurality of magnetic resonance generating units 7.

[0022] The metal resonance layer 1, the first dielectric layer 2, the metal floor layer 3, the second dielectric layer 4 and the metal feed line layer 5 are stacked in sequence from top to bottom and the center points of the layers coincide with each other, and the center point serves as the center point of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit.

[0023] The positive electrode of the PIN diode 6 is connected to the metal feed line layer 5 , and the negative electrode of the PIN diode 6 is connected to the metal floor layer 3 .

[0024] Multiple magnetic resonance generating units 7 are symmetrically arranged about the center point of the broadband wide coverage intelligent reflection unit, and each magnetic resonance generating unit 7 includes multiple grounding metal through holes 71, and each grounding metal through hole 71 passes through the metal resonance layer 1, the first dielectric layer 2 and the metal floor layer 3.

[0025] The broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit provided by the present invention is composed of a metal resonance layer, a first dielectric layer, a metal floor layer, a second dielectric layer, a metal feed line layer, a PIN diode and a plurality of magnetic resonance generating units centrally symmetrically arranged about the center point of the intelligent reflection unit. Each magnetic resonance generating unit includes a plurality of grounded metal through holes, and each grounded metal through hole penetrates the metal resonance layer, the first dielectric layer and the metal floor layer. Based on the electromagnetic coupling principle, when an electromagnetic wave enters the intelligent reflection unit, the bias voltage of the PIN diode is changed so that the resonance circuit composed of the metal resonance layer and the PIN diode meets the resonance condition, thereby generating electric resonance. Since the grounded metal through hole is similar to a coil, when the electric resonance When vibration occurs, a magnetic field is generated around the grounded metal through-hole when current flows through the through-hole. At the same time, since the grounded metal through-hole passes through the metal resonance layer, the first dielectric layer and the metal floor layer, the change of the electric field around the grounded metal through-hole causes the magnetic field around the through-hole to be generated along the axial direction of the through-hole, thereby coupling and enhancing the magnetic field between the metal resonance layer, the first dielectric layer and the metal floor layer, thereby forming a magnetic resonance in the intelligent reflection unit. Since each resonance has a corresponding frequency range, the intelligent reflection unit can effectively regulate the phase of the electromagnetic wave within this frequency range. Therefore, by simultaneously exciting the electric resonance and the magnetic resonance in the same resonant structure, the phase regulation frequency band range of the intelligent reflection unit is effectively broadened.

[0026] Furthermore, if Figure 2 As shown, the distance between each magnetic resonance generating unit 7 and the center point of the broadband wide-bandwidth coverage intelligent reflection unit is smaller than the distance between the magnetic resonance generating unit 7 and the side of the broadband wide-bandwidth coverage intelligent reflection unit.

[0027] In the present application, the magnetic resonance generating unit 7 is arranged at a position close to the center point of the intelligent reflection unit, which can optimize the current path. When the electromagnetic signal causes an induced current in the intelligent reflection unit, the current flows to the magnetic resonance generating unit through the shortest path, reducing the generation of ground inductance, thereby reducing signal attenuation and reflection loss, and improving signal transmission efficiency; at the same time, the central area of ​​the intelligent reflection unit is a position where the interaction of electromagnetic signals is more complex. Setting the magnetic resonance generating unit 7 near the center point can better control the electric field and magnetic field distribution in the central area, improve the accuracy and directionality of the reflected signal, and enable the intelligent reflection unit to more accurately reflect the signal to the target direction.

[0028] Further, the number of magnetic resonance generating units 7 is 4; and / or, the number of grounding metal vias 71 in each magnetic resonance generating unit 7 is 2 to 4; and / or, the shape of the grounding metal vias 71 can be circular, rectangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc.

[0029] For example, Figure 2 As shown in the figure, by setting four magnetic resonance generating units 7 with the center point of the intelligent reflection unit as the symmetry center, a magnetic field loop can be effectively constructed, thereby guiding the magnetic field lines to form a suitable closed path, which is beneficial to enhancing the strength and stability of the magnetic resonance; at the same time, if the number of grounding metal through holes 71 is too large, the electromagnetic coupling between the grounding metal through holes will be too strong, affecting the frequency of the magnetic resonance; if the number of grounding metal through holes 71 is too small, sufficient grounding paths may not be provided, thereby affecting the generation and maintenance of magnetic resonance. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application sets 2 to 4 grounding metal through holes 71 in each magnetic resonance generating unit 7, which can effectively control the electromagnetic interaction between the grounding metal through holes while ensuring sufficient grounding paths.

[0030] Furthermore, the side length of the metal resonance layer 1 is smaller than the side length of the first dielectric layer 2 .

[0031] When an electromagnetic signal acts on the intelligent reflection unit, the electric field strength at the edge of the metal resonance layer 1 will be enhanced due to the edge effect. If the metal resonance layer 1 coincides with or is close to the edge of the first dielectric layer 2, this enhanced edge electric field will produce unnecessary coupling with the surrounding environment, resulting in signal leakage or interference. When the side length of the metal resonance layer 1 is smaller than the side length of the first dielectric layer 2, the edge effect can be limited to the interval area between the first dielectric layer 2 and the metal resonance layer 1, thereby enhancing the stability of the electromagnetic response of the unit structure when the electromagnetic wave is obliquely incident, and at the same time making the electromagnetic signal oscillate in a relatively small area, thereby improving the accuracy of signal reflection.

[0032] In one embodiment, if Figure 2As shown, the metal resonance layer 1 includes two electric resonance metal patches 11, and the two electric resonance metal patches 11 are symmetrically arranged about the center point of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit; The PIN diode 6 is arranged on the surface of the metal resonance layer 1 on one side close to the first dielectric layer 2, with its positive electrode connected to an electric resonance metal patch and its negative electrode connected to another electric resonance metal patch.

[0033] Furthermore, the anode of the PIN diode 6 is connected to the metal feed line layer 5 through a metal through hole 9 .

[0034] Optionally, the shape of the electric resonant metal patch 11 may be rectangular, circular, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc.

[0035] The electromagnetic coupling effect can be enhanced by symmetrically arranging the electric resonant metal patches 11, so that the electromagnetic energy oscillates back and forth between the two electric resonant metal patches 11, thereby enhancing the resonance effect. The symmetrical result can avoid the electromagnetic imbalance caused by the single-sided electric resonant metal patch 11 and reduce signal distortion.

[0036] Further, as a specific example of the present application, the side length of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit is 26 mm; The thickness of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflector unit is 5.954mm; The copper coating thickness on the surface of the metal resonance layer 1 is 0.018 mm; The shape of the grounding metal through hole 71 is circular, with a radius of 0.8 mm; The metal resonance layer 1, the metal floor layer 3 and the metal feed line layer 5 are all made of copper; The first dielectric layer 2 and the second dielectric layer 4 are both epoxy glass fiber boards; the dielectric constant of the epoxy glass fiber board is 4.3, and the loss is 0.02.

[0037] The relative center frequency thickness of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit provided in the above embodiment is only 0.083λ. When the bias voltage of the PIN diode 6 is changed so that the PIN diode 6 switches between the on and off states, the reflection phase of the intelligent reflection unit switches between 0° and 180°, and the reflection amplitude remains unchanged, thereby realizing 1-bit phase regulation, such as Figure 6 The figure shows the electromagnetic response characteristics of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit. Figure 6 It can be seen that the intelligent reflection unit provided in the above embodiment can have a reflection amplitude close to 0.95 and a 1-bit phase control capability in the 3.3 GHz~5.5 GHz frequency band, indicating that the present application effectively expands the phase control bandwidth of the intelligent reflection unit by designing the magnetic resonance generating unit 7 and connecting the metal resonance layer 1 and the metal floor layer 3 using the grounding metal through hole 71.

[0038] When multiple intelligent reflection units form an intelligent reflection surface, electromagnetic coupling will occur between adjacent intelligent reflection units, which will not only affect the resonant frequency and bandwidth of the intelligent reflection surface, but also cause signal crosstalk and affect the accuracy of signal transmission. Therefore, in order to weaken the electromagnetic coupling problem between adjacent units, the present application introduces an equivalent metal wall 8 in the intelligent reflection unit.

[0039] Specifically, Figure 2 and 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present application, the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit further includes two equivalent metal walls 8 .

[0040] Two equivalent metal walls 8 are respectively arranged on two sides of the first dielectric layer 2 with the same polarization direction as the electromagnetic wave. Each equivalent metal wall 8 includes a plurality of connected grounding metal columns 81 , which penetrate the first dielectric layer 2 and the metal floor layer 3 .

[0041] The width of each equivalent metal wall 8 is smaller than half of the difference between the side lengths of the metal resonance layer 1 and the first dielectric layer 2 .

[0042] Furthermore, the multiple grounding metal pillars 81 in each equivalent metal wall 8 are evenly arranged on the side of the first dielectric layer 2; and / or, the number of grounding metal pillars 81 in each equivalent metal wall 8 is 3 to 6; and / or, the shape of the grounding metal pillars 81 includes a cylindrical pillar, a square pillar, etc.

[0043] In the present application, the electromagnetic shielding capability of the intelligent reflection unit is enhanced by introducing an equivalent metal wall 8. The multiple grounded metal columns 81 in the equivalent metal wall 8 can not only reflect and absorb external electromagnetic interference, prevent interference signals from entering the interior of the intelligent reflection unit, but also control and guide the direction of electromagnetic coupling, and reduce the electromagnetic coupling phenomenon between adjacent intelligent reflection units. At the same time, when the obliquely incident electromagnetic wave hits the equivalent metal wall 8, it will be reflected in a direction that is more conducive to signal processing or transmission, thereby enhancing the oblique incidence performance of the intelligent reflection unit.

[0044] like Figure 7 The figure shows the performance of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit with equivalent metal wall 8 provided in the above embodiment under different oblique incidence conditions; wherein, Figure 7 (a) is a schematic diagram of the reflection amplitude under different oblique incidence conditions. Figure 7 (b) is a schematic diagram of the reflection phase under different oblique incidence conditions. Figure 7It can be seen that when the incident angle of the electromagnetic wave is within the range of ±60°, the reflection amplitude of the intelligent reflection unit remains almost unchanged, and the reflection phase difference between the on and off states of the PIN diode 6 is maintained at about 180° in the frequency range of 3.3 GHz to 5.0 GHz. The above electromagnetic simulation analysis and verification show that the intelligent reflection unit has stable oblique incidence performance by designing the equivalent metal wall 8.

[0045] Based on the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit provided in the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection surface, which is obtained by arranging a plurality of the above broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection units in an array.

[0046] The embodiment of the present application also obtains an intelligent reflection surface based on the intelligent reflection unit provided in the above embodiment, and verifies its electromagnetic beam control capability through simulation.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the above-mentioned intelligent reflection units are arranged in a 15*15 matrix to obtain an intelligent reflection surface. According to the antenna array principle, the phase arrangement matrix required for different beam deflection angles is calculated at the center frequency of 4.2 GHz and discretized into a 1-bit coding matrix, where the code "0" represents that the reflection phase of the intelligent reflection unit is 0°, and the code "1" represents that the reflection phase of the intelligent reflection unit is 180°.

[0048] Taking the beam deflection angles of 11° and 24° at 4.2 GHz as examples, the coding matrix of the smart reflector is calculated and electromagnetic simulation of the smart reflector under different coding control is performed. Figure 8 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the wide-band simulation of the smart reflector when the deflection beam angle is 11°. Fig. 9 The figure shows the schematic diagram of the wide-band simulation of the smart reflector when the deflection beam angle is 24°. Figure 8 and Fig. 9 It can be seen that in the frequency band range of 3.4 GHz~5.0 GHz, the smart reflector has good beam steering capability and can generate symmetrical dual beams with higher energy intensity. Affected by the dispersion effect, the beam deflection angle changes slightly with the frequency change. The beam deflection angle at 4.2 GHz is 12°, which is almost consistent with the theoretically calculated deflection angle, indicating that the smart reflector provided in this application still has good beam steering capability under oblique incidence conditions.

[0049] like Fig.10 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wide-band simulation of the smart reflector provided by the above embodiment when the deflection beam angle is 11° and the incident angle is 20°. Fig.10It can be seen that when the incident angle is +20° and the deflection angle calculated theoretically by the coding matrix is ​​11°, the smart reflector generates symmetrical dual beams with +20° as the center angle, and the change trend of the deflection angle under the dispersion effect is consistent with the change trend under normal incidence conditions, indicating that the smart reflector provided in the present application can effectively control the reflected beam angle under both normal incidence and oblique incidence conditions, and can change the coding matrix under the action of an external bias voltage, and change the beam deflection angle according to human needs. Therefore, the wide-bandwidth and wide-coverage smart reflector provided in the present application can effectively reconstruct the wireless channel in an actual communication environment, and can play a role in a wide range of incident angles and electromagnetic waves in different communication frequency bands, further enhancing the robustness of the communication system and improving the frequency utilization rate of the wireless communication system.

[0050] The intelligent reflection unit and intelligent reflection surface provided in this application can cover the three main frequency bands of N77 (3.3 GHz~4.2 GHz), N78 (3.3 GHz~3.87 GHz) and N79 (4.4 GHz~5.0 GHz), and also have good oblique incidence performance. They have good regulation effect on electromagnetic wave signals within the ±60° incidence range, improving the problem of narrow incident angle of the intelligent reflection surface.

[0051] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation methods. For those skilled in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation methods here. The obvious changes or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit, characterized in that: include: A metal resonance layer, a first dielectric layer, a metal floor layer, a second dielectric layer and a metal feeder line layer are stacked in sequence from top to bottom with the center points coinciding; wherein the center point serves as the center point of a broadband wide coverage intelligent reflection unit; A PIN diode, wherein the positive electrode thereof is connected to the metal feed line layer, and the negative electrode thereof is connected to the metal floor layer; A plurality of magnetic resonance generating units, each of which comprises a plurality of grounding metal through holes, each of which penetrates the metal resonance layer, the first dielectric layer and the metal floor layer; wherein the plurality of magnetic resonance generating units are centrally symmetrical about a center point of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit.

2. The broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance between each of the magnetic resonance generating units and the center point of the broadband wide-bandwidth coverage intelligent reflection unit is smaller than the distance between the magnetic resonance generating unit and the side of the broadband wide-bandwidth coverage intelligent reflection unit.

3. The broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the magnetic resonance generating units is 4; and / or The number of grounding metal through holes in each of the magnetic resonance generating units is 2 to 4; and / or The shapes of the grounding metal through holes include circle, rectangle, pentagon and hexagon.

4. The broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side length of the metal resonance layer is smaller than the side length of the first dielectric layer.

5. The broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit according to claim 4, characterized in that: Also includes: Two equivalent metal walls are respectively arranged on two sides of the first dielectric layer in the same direction as the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave, each of the equivalent metal walls comprises a plurality of connected grounding metal columns, and the grounding metal columns penetrate the first dielectric layer and the metal floor layer; Wherein, the width of each of the equivalent metal walls is less than half of the difference between the side lengths of the metal resonance layer and the first dielectric layer.

6. The broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The plurality of grounding metal pillars in each of the equivalent metal walls are evenly arranged on the side of the first dielectric layer; and / or The number of grounded metal posts in each of the equivalent metal walls is 3 to 6; and / or The shape of the grounding metal column includes a round column and a square column.

7. The broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The metal resonance layer comprises two electric resonance metal patches, and the two electric resonance metal patches are symmetrically arranged about the center point of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit; The PIN diode is arranged on the surface of the metal resonance layer on one side close to the first dielectric layer, with its positive electrode connected to an electric resonance metal patch and its negative electrode connected to another electric resonance metal patch.

8. The broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit according to claim 7, characterized in that: The positive electrode of the PIN diode is connected to the metal feed line layer through a metal through hole.

9. The broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side length of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit is 26 mm; The thickness of the broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflection unit is 5.954 mm; The copper coating thickness on the surface of the metal resonance layer is 0.018 mm; The grounding metal through hole is circular in shape with a radius of 0.8 mm; The metal resonance layer, the metal floor layer and the metal feed line layer are all made of copper; The first medium layer and the second medium layer are both epoxy glass fiber boards.

10. A broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflective surface, characterized in that: The broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflective surface is obtained by arranging a plurality of broadband and wide coverage intelligent reflective units as described in any one of claims 1 to 9 in an array.

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