Air-cooled electric drive assembly and vehicle

Abstract

The air-cooled electric drive assembly comprises a motor, a controller and a speed reducer, the motor comprises a motor shell, a motor rotor shaft and a motor stator, and the motor rotor shaft and an input shaft of the speed reducer are integrally designed. The motor shell is provided with radiating fins, a water jacket which allows lubricating oil to pass through and is used for heat exchange with the motor stator is arranged in the motor shell, a lubricating oil way communicated with the water jacket is arranged in the controller, a first oil hole communicated with the lubricating oil way is formed in the motor rotor shaft, and the first oil hole extends in the axial direction of the motor rotor shaft. According to the air-cooled electric drive assembly, the motor is cooled by oil, the continuous power of the motor can be effectively improved, and the performance of the motor is fully exerted; the controller adopts oil cooling and shares oil with the motor and the speed reducer, a water cooling system of the whole vehicle is omitted, and the cost of the whole vehicle can be reduced; fins are additionally arranged on the motor shell, the contact area with air is increased, and the system heat dissipation function is achieved. The invention further discloses a vehicle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of electric drive systems, and in particular, the present invention relates to an air-cooled electric drive assembly and a vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction and the rise in fuel prices, the trend of designing and manufacturing fuel-efficient and low-emission vehicles has greatly increased. Currently, all major OEMs are focusing on the layout of pure electric vehicles. As market competition intensifies, in addition to performance, vehicle cost has become the focus of attention of all parties, especially the cost sensitivity of A00 and A0-class small cars is more prominent.

[0003] The electric drive assembly needs to be effectively cooled during operation to ensure that the system operates at an appropriate temperature. Currently, high-power electric drive products are mainly oil-cooled, that is, the motor and reducer are oil-cooled, and the controller is water-cooled. This cooling system has efficient heat dissipation, but the system is relatively complex and costly; low-power products are mainly water-cooled, that is, the motor and controller are water-cooled, and the reducer is oil-cooled. This cooling system has relatively efficient heat dissipation, but the cost is also high, which puts considerable pressure on the cost of small cars. At the same time, small cars currently use water-cooled electric drive assemblies. Due to factors such as heat dissipation, the motor performance cannot be fully utilized, thus limiting the performance of the electric drive assembly. In addition, a water-cooled heat dissipation system needs to be added to the entire vehicle, resulting in an increase in the cost of the entire vehicle.

[0004] A Chinese patent with application number 202010157715.3 discloses an air-cooled electric drive assembly for a rail inspection vehicle, including a drive motor assembly and a reducer assembly; the reducer assembly is fixed to the front end of the drive motor assembly and the drive motor assembly and the reducer assembly are coaxial, and the front end of the output shaft of the rotor assembly on the drive motor assembly engages with the planetary gear in the reducer assembly.

[0005] It is desirable to provide an improved air-cooled electric drive assembly, particularly with respect to how to reduce costs. Summary of the invention

[0006] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention provides an air-cooled electric drive assembly, the purpose of which is to reduce costs.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an air-cooled electric drive assembly, including a motor and a controller, the motor including a motor housing, a motor rotor shaft and a motor stator, the motor housing is provided with heat dissipation fins, a water jacket is provided in the motor housing for allowing lubricating oil to pass through and for heat exchange with the motor stator, a lubricating oil circuit connected to the water jacket is provided in the controller, a first oil hole connected to the lubricating oil circuit is provided in the motor rotor shaft, and the first oil hole extends axially along the motor rotor shaft.

[0008] A second oil hole is arranged on the motor rotor shaft, the second oil hole is communicated with the first oil hole, and the second oil hole extends radially along the motor rotor shaft.

[0009] A plurality of the second oil holes are provided.

[0010] The motor stator is provided with a third oil hole, and the third oil hole extends along the axial direction of the motor stator.

[0011] A plurality of the third oil holes are provided, and all the third oil holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the motor stator.

[0012] The air-cooled electric drive assembly also includes a reducer, which includes a reducer housing and a power transmission mechanism located inside the reducer housing. The power transmission mechanism is connected to the motor rotor shaft, and the reducer housing is connected to the motor housing. The lubricating oil flowing out of the motor enters the reducer housing.

[0013] An oil pool for containing lubricating oil is arranged at the bottom of the reducer housing, and an electronic oil pump is installed at the oil pool.

[0014] A filter element is arranged in the oil pool.

[0015] The power transmission mechanism includes an input shaft which is integrated with the motor rotor shaft.

[0016] The present invention also provides a vehicle, comprising the air-cooled electric drive assembly.

[0017] The air-cooled electric drive assembly of the present invention uses oil cooling for the motor, which can effectively improve the motor's continuous power and give full play to the motor's performance; the controller uses oil cooling, sharing oil with the motor and the reducer, eliminating the vehicle's water cooling system and reducing the vehicle's cost; fins are added to the motor housing to increase the contact area with the air, thereby playing a system heat dissipation function. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] This specification includes the following drawings, which show the following contents:

[0019] Figure 1 It is a simplified structural diagram of the air-cooled electric drive assembly of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the air-cooled electric drive assembly of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the motor;

[0022] Figure 4 It is a simplified diagram of the structure of the motor stator;

[0023] The markings in the figure are: 1. Motor; 11. Motor stator; 111. Winding; 112. Stator core; 113. Third oil hole; 12. Motor rotor; 121. Rotor pressure plate; 13. Water jacket; 14. Cooling fins; 2. Controller; 3. Reducer; 31. Motor rotor shaft; 32. Intermediate shaft; 33. Differential; 4. Electronic oil pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The specific implementation methods of the present invention are further explained in detail below by describing the embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, with the aim of helping those skilled in the art to have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the concept and technical solution of the present invention and facilitating its implementation.

[0025] It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, the “first”, “second” and “third” mentioned do not represent an absolute distinction in structure and / or function, nor do they represent a sequence of execution, but are merely for the convenience of description.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, the present invention provides an air-cooled electric drive assembly, including a motor 1, a reducer 3, a differential 33 and a controller 2. The motor 1 includes a motor housing, a motor rotor 12, a motor rotor shaft 31 and a motor stator 11. The motor housing is provided with heat dissipation fins 14. A water jacket 13 is provided in the motor housing for allowing lubricating oil to pass through and for heat exchange with the motor stator 11. A lubricating oil circuit connected to the water jacket 13 is provided in the controller 2. A first oil hole connected to the lubricating oil circuit is provided in the motor rotor shaft 31. The first oil hole extends axially along the motor rotor shaft 31.

[0027] Specifically, if Figures 1 to 4As shown, the motor housing is a hollow structure, the motor stator 11 is fixedly arranged in the inner cavity of the motor housing, and the outer cylindrical surface of the motor stator 11 contacts the inner cylindrical surface of the motor housing. The heat dissipation fins 14 are fixedly arranged on the outer cylindrical surface of the motor housing, and a plurality of heat dissipation fins 14 are arranged. The heat dissipation fins 14 are located outside the motor housing to increase the contact area with the air and play a cooling and heat dissipation role. In particular, during the driving process of the whole vehicle, the air takes away the heat of the motor housing (heat dissipation fins 14), so the lubricating oil can be cooled. The controller 2 is located outside the motor housing, and the controller 2 is fixedly connected to the motor housing. An oil inlet is arranged on the motor housing, and the water jacket 13 extends along the axial direction of the motor housing. The lubricating oil pumped by the electronic water pump enters the water jacket 13 through the oil inlet, and the lubricating oil enters the controller 2 after the heat is dissipated by the heat dissipation fins 14. An oil inlet and an oil outlet are provided on the controller 2. The lubricating oil flowing out of the water jacket 13 enters the lubricating oil circuit through the oil inlet. The lubricating oil circuit guides the lubricating oil into the controller 2. The power module inside the controller 2 is cooled by the lubricating oil. Then, the lubricating oil is discharged from the oil outlet of the controller 2, enters the first oil hole through the oil circuit provided inside the motor housing, cools the rotor and stator winding 111, and finally flows back to the reducer 3. In the present invention, the motor is oil-cooled to give full play to the motor performance, and the vehicle water cooling system is cancelled, thereby reducing the vehicle cost.

[0028] Specifically, if Figure 3 As shown, a second oil hole is provided on the motor rotor shaft 31, the second oil hole is connected to the first oil hole, and the second oil hole extends radially along the motor rotor shaft 31. A plurality of second oil holes are provided, and a plurality of second oil holes are arranged at a plurality of axial positions along the motor rotor shaft 31, and all second oil holes located at the same axial position of the motor rotor shaft 31 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the motor rotor shaft 31. The first oil hole extends from one axial end of the motor rotor shaft 31 along the axial direction of the motor rotor shaft 31 toward the inside of the motor rotor shaft 31, and the second oil hole extends from the inner circumferential surface of the first oil hole to the outer circumferential surface of the motor rotor shaft 31. The lubricating oil entering the first oil hole is thrown out from the second oil hole under the action of the centrifugal force of the shaft rotation, and the winding 111 on the motor stator is sprayed and cooled.

[0029] like Figure 4 As shown, the motor stator 11 is provided with a third oil hole 113, which extends along the axial direction of the motor stator 11 and is arranged to penetrate along the axial direction of the motor stator 11. A plurality of third oil holes 113 are provided, and all third oil holes 113 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the motor stator 11.

[0030] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the reducer 3 includes a reducer housing and a power transmission mechanism located inside the reducer housing, the power transmission mechanism is connected to the motor rotor shaft 31, the reducer housing is connected to the motor housing, and the lubricating oil flowing out of the motor enters the reducer housing. An oil pool for accommodating the lubricating oil is provided at the bottom of the reducer housing, and the electronic oil pump 4 is installed at the oil pool.

[0031] In the present invention, the motor and controller 2 share lubricating oil with the reducer. An oil pool is provided at the bottom of the reducer 3, and an electronic oil pump 4 is installed at the oil pool. A filter element is provided in the oil pool to filter the lubricating oil. The oil pump sucks out the lubricating oil and pumps it into one end of the water jacket 13. During this period, when the lubricating oil flows in the water jacket 13, it dissipates heat to the motor stator 11. At the same time, since the heat dissipation fins 14 are provided on the periphery of the motor housing, the lubricating oil can be cooled. The lubricating oil cooled by the heat dissipation fins 14 is pumped out from the other end of the water jacket 13 and enters the controller 2 to cool the power device of the controller 2. The lubricating oil flows out of the controller 2 and enters the motor rotor shaft 31. A first oil hole is provided in the motor rotor shaft 31, and a second oil hole extending radially is provided on the journal near the bearing end. The lubricating oil entering the first oil hole is thrown out from the second oil hole under the action of the centrifugal force of the shaft rotation to spray and cool the motor winding 111. Finally, the lubricating oil flows back into the reducer oil pool through the third oil hole 113 on the outer periphery of the motor stator 11 for circulation. The entire heat dissipation process does not rely on the vehicle water cooling system, so the vehicle water cooling system can be eliminated.

[0032] Preferably, the water jacket 13 is a spiral structure, in which the lubricating oil flows in a spiral shape. This structural design enables the lubricating oil to more fully exchange heat with the motor stator 11 in the motor housing, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0033] like Figure 1 As shown, the power transmission mechanism includes an input shaft and an intermediate shaft 32. The input shaft is connected to the intermediate shaft 32 through a first transmission mechanism, the intermediate shaft 32 is connected to the differential 33 through a second transmission mechanism, and the input shaft is integrated with the motor rotor shaft 31. The reducer input shaft and the motor shaft are integrated on one shaft, namely the motor rotor shaft 31. The motor power is output by the motor rotor shaft 31, transmitted to the intermediate shaft 32 via the first transmission mechanism, and then transmitted to the differential 33 by the second transmission mechanism, and finally output to the wheels by the differential 33 to drive the vehicle to travel.

[0034] The air-cooled electric drive assembly of the above structure has the following effects:

[0035] 1. Adopt motor, controller 2, reducer integrated design, compact structure and high power density;

[0036] 2. The motor uses oil cooling, which can effectively improve the motor's continuous power and give full play to the motor's performance;

[0037] 3. Controller 2 uses oil cooling, sharing oil with the motor and reducer, eliminating the vehicle water cooling system and reducing vehicle costs;

[0038] 4. Add fins to the motor housing to increase the contact area with the air and play a role in system heat dissipation;

[0039] 5. Equipped with a spiral "water jacket 13", the oil from the oil pump cools the motor stator 11 through the "water jacket 13", and at the same time dissipates heat through the fins to reduce the temperature of the lubricating oil entering the controller 2;

[0040] 6. Throwing oil through the inner hole of the rotor shaft to dissipate heat from the rotor and stator winding 111;

[0041] 7. The reducer input shaft and motor shaft are integrated and supported by two bearings, which reduces the number of bearings and eliminates the input shaft oil seal, thus reducing system costs and improving system efficiency.

[0042] 8. An electronic oil pump 4 is added, which can force lubrication of related components as needed, improve system reliability, and expand the system's ability to adapt to different working conditions.

[0043] The present invention also provides a vehicle, comprising the air-cooled electric drive assembly of the above structure. The specific structure of the air-cooled electric drive assembly can be referred to Figures 1 to 4 Since the vehicle of the present invention includes the air-cooled electric drive assembly in the above embodiment, it has all the advantages of the above air-cooled electric drive assembly.

[0044] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned methods. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention; or the above concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An air-cooled electric drive assembly, comprising a motor, a controller and a reducer, wherein the motor comprises a motor housing, a motor rotor shaft and a motor stator, and is characterized in that: The motor housing is provided with heat dissipation fins, a water jacket is provided in the motor housing for allowing lubricating oil to pass through and for heat exchange with the motor stator, a lubricating oil circuit connected to the water jacket is provided in the controller, a first oil hole connected to the lubricating oil circuit is provided in the motor rotor shaft, and the first oil hole extends axially along the motor rotor shaft.

2. The air-cooled electric drive assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second oil hole is arranged on the motor rotor shaft, the second oil hole is communicated with the first oil hole, and the second oil hole extends radially along the motor rotor shaft.

3. The air-cooled electric drive assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of the second oil holes are provided.

4. The air-cooled electric drive assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The motor stator is provided with a third oil hole, and the third oil hole extends along the axial direction of the motor stator.

5. The air-cooled electric drive assembly according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A plurality of the third oil holes are provided, and all the third oil holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the motor stator.

6. The air-cooled electric drive assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: It also includes a reducer, which includes a reducer housing and a power transmission mechanism located inside the reducer housing. The power transmission mechanism is connected to the motor rotor shaft, and the reducer housing is connected to the motor housing. The lubricating oil flowing out of the motor enters the reducer housing.

7. The air-cooled electric drive assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: An oil pool for containing lubricating oil is arranged at the bottom of the reducer housing, and an electronic oil pump is installed at the oil pool.

8. The air-cooled electric drive assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: A filter element is arranged in the oil pool.

9. The air-cooled electric drive assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The power transmission mechanism includes an input shaft which is integrated with the motor rotor shaft.

10. A vehicle, characterized in that: It comprises the air-cooled electric drive assembly as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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