Bottom plate structure

Abstract

A floor structure (10, 10 ', 10' ') comprises: (i) a support element (11), in particular made of metal; (ii) an insulating layer (12) made of mineral wool; (iii) a confinement layer (13) made of a metal sandwich structure comprising a first metal cover layer (131) and a second metal cover layer (132), between which a core layer (133) having a corrugated structure is arranged such that a first channel (134) is formed between the first cover layer (131) and the core layer (133), a second channel (135) is formed between the second cover layer (132) and the core layer (133), and a second channel (135) is formed between the second cover layer (132) and the core layer (133). The invention is characterized in that the insulating layer (12) is arranged between the support element (11) and the restraint layer (13).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a floor structure comprising a supporting element, an insulating layer and a constraining layer, and to a vehicle, a building and / or an offshore installation, in particular a ship, comprising the floor structure. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for producing the floor structure and to the use of the floor structure for acoustic damping or in a fire protection system, in particular in a vehicle, a building and / or an offshore installation. Background Art

[0002] In vehicles, buildings or offshore installations, the transmission of unwanted sound or vibrations through structural elements (such as the floor) is a challenging problem. This is especially true in metal-based structures with large flat areas (such as railways, ships and offshore installations).

[0003] Therefore, not only is it desirable for flat areas, such as the floor, to be smooth and level, but it is also desirable as it plays a major role in noise and vibration suppression. For example, on a ship, there are multiple major sources of sound and vibration, such as the diesel engine, gearbox, and propellers that transfer these types of energy. In the field of acoustic and vibration engineering, the energy released by these sources is defined in two ways:

[0004] Vibration: Dynamic Motion in Solids and Liquids

[0005] Sound: Changes in air pressure within the audible frequency range (20Hz-20kHz)

[0006] On board ships, unwanted sound or noise is most predominantly transmitted through the ship's structure. Engines, propellers, gearboxes, etc. each generate energy waves that are transmitted into the air as structure-borne noise from large flat areas (such as decks and bulkheads) that act as sounding plates.

[0007] Airborne noise is not dominant because sound transmitted along cabin corridors and transversely through partitions and bulkheads decreases significantly with distance from the source.

[0008] To reduce vibration and noise, viscoelastic damping systems can be applied directly to vibrating areas or surfaces. These systems reduce the emission of low-frequency noise and convert vibrations from kinetic energy into heat.

[0009] In addition to vibration and sound damping in transport vehicles, buildings or offshore installations, another important aspect is the prevention of fire spread. Typically, this is achieved by (i) passive fire protection, such as installing fire walls and fire floor assemblies to form fire compartments for limiting the spread of fire, heat and smoke, or by (ii) active fire protection, such as manual and automatic detection and suppression of fire, for example with fire sprinkler systems and / or alarm systems.

[0010] For example, WO 2020 / 225300 A1 (Sika Technology AG) describes a mortar composition for sound damping and fire protection. The mortar can be used, for example, to produce a floor, wall or roof structure comprising a special mortar composition on a metal support element, a steel plate, a mineral wool insulation layer and a covering.

[0011] However, known floor structures usually have a high density, thus increasing the overall weight of the vehicle, building or offshore installation. Floor structures with a lower density are also possible, but the mechanical load capacity is reduced.

[0012] For example, WO 2017 / 053618 A1 (Storm Strong LLC) discloses a panel for use in a floor structure to increase a building's resistance to strong winds and surge water (as may occur during severe storms).

[0013] Therefore, there remains a need to develop improved floor systems that overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings. Summary of the invention

[0014] The object of the invention is to provide an improved floor structure for a vehicle, a building and / or an offshore installation. In particular, the floor structure should preferably be suitable for sound damping and / or fire protection, have a high load capacity and / or be light weight. The floor structure should be particularly suitable for marine applications, industrial buildings and / or railway vehicles.

[0015] Surprisingly, it has been found that these objects are achieved by the features of claim 1. The core of the invention is therefore a floor structure comprising:

[0016] (i) supporting elements, in particular made of metal;

[0017] (ii) an insulating layer made of mineral wool;

[0018] (iii) a constraining layer, which is made of a metal sandwich structure, which includes a first metal covering layer and a second metal covering layer, so that a core layer with a corrugated structure is arranged between the first covering layer and the second covering layer, so that a first groove is formed between the first covering layer and the core layer, and a second groove is formed between the second covering layer and the core layer, characterized in that the insulating layer is arranged between the supporting element and the constraining layer.

[0019] Such a floor structure is able to absorb noise, in particular in the frequency range of 50-5000 Hz, for example in automotive and marine applications. The structure of the invention is therefore very suitable for acoustic damping, for example in vehicles, buildings and / or offshore installations, in particular in ships.

[0020] In addition, the structure of the present invention is very suitable as a passive fire protection system, for example as a fire barrier, so as to limit the spread of fire. In particular, it is easy to produce a floor structure that meets the "A-60" level according to the FTP specification (International Fire Test Procedure Application Specification).

[0021] Since the floor structure does not require heavy metal plates, such as steel plates, the weight or surface density of the floor structure is quite low. However, due to the special metal sandwich structure, the constrained layer has a high stability. This helps to reduce the total weight of the vehicle, building and / or offshore installation while maintaining a high load capacity. For the vehicle, the lower weight leads to reduced energy or fuel consumption. This is particularly suitable for heavy vehicles such as trains, cargo ships, cruise ships and / or ferries.

[0022] Although the weight of a conventional floating floor is approximately 42 kg / m 2 , but can produce weight only 14kg / m 2 The same base plate of the present invention.

[0023] Furthermore, the floor structure of the invention can be installed in a considerably easier and quicker manner, since no heavy massive elements are required.

[0024] Additional aspects of the invention are subject matter of further independent claims.Particularly preferred embodiments are outlined throughout the description and in the dependent claims.

[0025] Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0026] A first aspect of the present invention relates to a floor structure comprising:

[0027] (i) supporting elements, in particular made of metal;

[0028] (ii) an insulating layer made of mineral wool;

[0029] (iii) a constraining layer, which is made of a metal sandwich structure, which includes a first metal covering layer and a second metal covering layer, so that a core layer with a corrugated structure is arranged between the first covering layer and the second covering layer, so that a first groove is formed between the first covering layer and the core layer, and a second groove is formed between the second covering layer and the core layer, characterized in that an insulating layer is arranged between the supporting element and the constraining layer.

[0030] The supporting elements carry the other layers of the floor structure.

[0031] In particular, the support element is made of metal, in particular steel and / or aluminum. In particular, the support element has a flat upper surface, and the other layers of the base structure are therefore arranged on the flat upper surface of the support element.

[0032] For example, the supporting element is the deck of a ship or an offshore installation.

[0033] The insulating layer is arranged between the supporting element (supporting layer) and the constraining layer. This protects the insulating layer from mechanical damage by the constraining layer and enables a floating floor arrangement.

[0034] In particular, the insulating layer is arranged in a floating manner on a layer directly below the insulating layer, in particular on a support layer or on an optional intermediate layer. This means that the insulating layer is not fixed to the layer directly below it, in particular the support layer. As it turns out, the floating arrangement allows to reduce stresses in the floor structure and improve the acoustic damping properties.

[0035] The insulation layer is made of mineral wool.

[0036] In particular, "mineral wool" means any fibrous material formed by spinning or stretching molten mineral or rock material, such as stone, glass, slag and / or ceramic. In particular, the mineral wool is in the form of a fabric, preferably comprising at least 75% by weight of fibrous material consisting of stone, glass, slag and / or ceramic, preferably at least 90% or 95% by weight.

[0037] It is particularly preferred that the insulating layer comprises or contains asbestos, slag wool and / or glass wool.

[0038] The insulation layer is preferably made of mineral wool with an area density of 3-10 kg / m 2 , especially 4-8kg / m 2 , for example 5kg / m 2 or 7kg / m 2 .

[0039] The nominal density of the mineral wool (measured according to EN 1602:2013) is preferably 70-200 kg / m 3 , preferably 90-190kg / m 3 , especially 100-170kg / m 3 , especially 120-150kg / m 2 , for example 140kg / m 3 .

[0040] The insulating layer is in particular produced from mineral wool having a compressive strength of at least 4 kPa (measured in accordance with EN 826:2013), preferably at least 7 kPa, in particular at least 10 kPa, especially at least 12 kPa.

[0041] Preferably, the insulating layer is made of mineral wool having a thickness (measured in a direction perpendicular to the supporting element) of 30-150 mm, in particular 40-100 mm, in particular 45-60 mm, for example 50 mm.

[0042] In particular, the thickness of the insulating layer is greater than the thickness of the constraining layer.

[0043] Moreover, in particular, the insulation layer is composed of a dynamic stiffness of 3-20MN / m 3 Made of mineral wool (measured according to EN 229052-1:1992), preferably 8-19 MN / m 3 , especially 10-17MN / m 3 , especially 12-16MN / m 3 , for example 14MN / m 3 .

[0044] Mineral wool with these properties is very suitable for achieving the above-mentioned purposes, especially with regard to sound damping, fire protection and mechanical load capacity.

[0045] In particular, the insulating layer is manufactured from a plurality of individual insulating panels, in particular rectangular panels arranged side by side, to form a continuous insulating layer. In this case, the insulating layer can be constructed manually in a fairly easy manner without the need for special tools or machines.

[0046] For example:

[0047] - the length of each insulating panel is 500-2000 mm, in particular 750-1250 mm, and / or

[0048] - the width of each insulation board is 200-1000 mm, in particular 400-800 mm, and / or

[0049] The thickness of each insulating panel is 30-150 mm, in particular 40-100 mm, in particular 45-60 mm, for example 50 mm.

[0050] Thus, the length is typically greater than the width, and the width is greater than the thickness.

[0051] In the metal sandwich structure, the cover layer is in particular mechanically fixed to the core layer, in particular materially bonded. In particular, the cover layer is welded and / or bonded to the core layer, most preferably welded. Thus, in particular, the cover layer is selectively bonded to the ridges of the corrugated core layer.

[0052] Preferably, the metal sandwich structure comprises 3-20 channels per meter, in particular 4-15 channels per meter, wherein the channels comprise the sum of the first channels and the second channels.

[0053] The first channel and / or the second channel are preferably open at both ends. However, closed structures may also be used when necessary.

[0054] In particular, the channels are arranged in parallel. Thus, in particular, the first channels are located between the second channels.

[0055] In particular, the first channel and the second channel extend through the sandwich structure in a direction parallel to the first cover layer and / or the second cover layer.

[0056] The first channel and / or the second channel are preferably straight. However, other configurations may be suitable for particular applications.

[0057] The core layer of the metal sandwich structure has a corrugated structure. The corrugated structure does not necessarily mean a structure with a regular waveform, such as a sinusoidal structure with regularly formed valleys and ridges. The corrugated structure includes a structure with randomly formed valleys and ridges.

[0058] Preferably, the first metal covering layer, the second metal covering layer and / or the core layer with the corrugated structure are made of aluminum. In particular, the metal sandwich structure is made completely of aluminum. Aluminum is an ideal choice because it is relatively light and chemically inert to many substances. However, in principle, one, several or all parts of the metal sandwich structure can be made of other metals, such as steel. This may be suitable for special applications.

[0059] The thickness of the constraining layer and / or the metal sandwich structure is preferably 2-25 mm, in particular 3-15 mm, in particular 5-10 mm. In particular, the thickness is measured in a direction perpendicular to the support element.

[0060] In the metal sandwich structure, the first cover layer and the second cover layer are preferably arranged in plane-parallel fashion.

[0061] Preferably, the thickness of the first metal covering layer and / or the second metal covering layer is 0.5-2 mm, in particular 0.7-1.3 mm, in particular 0.9-1.1 mm.

[0062] The thickness of the core layer is in particular 0.1 to 0.5 mm, especially 0.2 to 0.4 mm, for example 0.3 mm.

[0063] In particular, the thickness of the first metal covering layer and / or the second metal covering layer is greater than the thickness of the core layer.

[0064] Particularly preferably, the core layer has a wavy cross section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the channel, in particular a sinusoidal cross section, a repeated trapezoidal cross section, a repeated triangular cross section or a repeated rectangular cross section. Particularly preferably, the core layer has a sinusoidal cross section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the channel.

[0065] Metal sandwich structures with this core are very stable and at the same time have a fairly low weight and good sound insulation properties.

[0066] However, other core layers with, for example, any arbitrary polygonal string cross-sections are also possible.

[0067] Preferably, the area density of the metal sandwich structure is 4-10 kg / m 2 , especially 6-8kg / m 2 .

[0068] Most preferably, the constraining layer is manufactured from a plurality of individual plates having a metal sandwich structure. The plurality of individual plates are preferably arranged side by side so as to form a closed layer.

[0069] In this case, the constraining layer can be constructed manually in a fairly easy manner without the need for special tools or machines.

[0070] For example:

[0071] - the length of the individual panels with the metal sandwich structure is 1000-3000 mm, in particular 1500-2500 mm, and / or

[0072] - the width of the individual panels having the metal sandwich structure is 200-2000 mm, in particular 500-1400 mm, and / or

[0073] The thickness of the plate with the metal sandwich structure is 2-25 mm, in particular 3-15 mm, in particular 5-10 mm.

[0074] Thus, the length is typically greater than the width, and the width is greater than the thickness.

[0075] It is particularly preferred that the individual panels are connected to one another, in particular by a tongue and groove connection. Thus, in particular the height of the individual panels is adjusted. This makes it possible to obtain a highly flat constraining layer even when the constraining layer is produced from a plurality of individual panels.

[0076] In particular, the individual panels on each side comprise a groove in the side wall, in which groove a metal tongue is arranged, which extends into the groove of the adjacent panel. This allows the panels to be connected in a space-saving manner without any protruding elements.

[0077] In another preferred embodiment, metal strips, in particular aluminum strips, are arranged in a grid-like manner, in particular a rectangular grid, between the mineral wool of the insulating layer and the metal sandwich structure of the constraining layer. The metal strips are preferably bonded to the metal sandwich structure, in particular using a polyurethane adhesive.

[0078] In other words, the metal strip is arranged in an additional layer between the insulating layer and the constraining layer, if present. Thus, preferably, the metal strip is in direct contact with the insulating layer (especially mineral wool) on one side and in contact with the constraining layer (especially the sandwich structure) on the other side via an adhesive.

[0079] The coverage of the metal strips is preferably 5-50%, in particular 10-30%, of the total surface area of ​​the insulation layer.

[0080] In particular, the width of the metal strip is 50-250 mm, in particular 100-200 mm, in particular 120-160 mm, and / or the thickness of the metal strip is 0.5-5 mm, in particular 1-3 mm.

[0081] The metal strips can be used to reduce lateral movement of the constraining layer on the insulating layer. Furthermore, they stabilize the constraining layer.

[0082] When the constraining layer is manufactured from a plurality of individual plates as described above, the metal strips are preferably arranged such that adjacent individual plates having a metal sandwich structure are connected by at least one metal strip, in particular on the underside of the plates. In this case, preferably, the metal strips extend along the contact line between the individual plates. Thus, the individual metal strips stabilize the arrangement of the plurality of individual plates of the constraining layer.

[0083] In addition to the tongue and groove connections described above, metal strips may also be used.

[0084] In a further preferred embodiment, at least one intermediate layer is arranged between the support element and the insulating layer, which intermediate layer is selected from a primer, a mortar and / or a metal tile, for example a steel tile. This allows the floor structure to be further adapted to specific requirements. For example, the sound damping can be further improved, the fire protection can be increased and / or the insulating layer can be bonded to the support element.

[0085] However, generally, an intermediate layer is not necessary. Thus, the insulating layer can be in direct contact with the supporting element.

[0086] In particular, when mortar is used, it is preferably a self-leveling cementitious mortar, in particular a polymer-modified cement mortar. For example, a mortar as described in WO 2020 / 225300 A1 can be used.

[0087] In another preferred embodiment, at least one covering layer is arranged on top of the constraining layer. The covering layer is thus for example selected from organic films, organic resins and / or tiles. This allows adapting the floor surface to specific needs.

[0088] The organic resin may be selected from polyurethane resin and / or epoxy resin, for example. The tiles may be selected from metal tiles, such as steel tiles.

[0089] In particular, the metal sandwich structure of the constraining layer is arranged such that it does not directly contact the support element and / or adjoins a side wall, in particular all side walls, of the support element. This may further improve the acoustic damping.

[0090] This can be achieved, for example, when the area of ​​the constraining layer is smaller than the area of ​​the insulating layer (for example at least 0.5% smaller).

[0091] It is particularly preferred if the constraining layer is spaced apart from at least one side wall (in particular on all sides) by at least 5 mm, in particular at least 10 mm or at least 25 mm.

[0092] More preferably, the outer borders of the floor, in particular the borders adjacent to the walls, are sealed with a sealant. The sealant may be a waterproof sealant, for example a sealant based on a silane terminated polymer. This prevents, for example, liquids from being absorbed into the floor structure.

[0093] Another aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle, a building and / or an offshore facility comprising a bed structure as described above.

[0094] The transport means is in particular a train or a ship. The ship can be, for example, a cargo ship, a cruise ship or a ferry.

[0095] Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for producing a floor structure as described above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0096] (i) arranging an insulating layer made of mineral wool on a supporting element;

[0097] (ii) a constraining layer made of a metal sandwich structure is arranged on top of the insulating layer, the metal sandwich structure comprising a first metal covering layer and a second metal covering layer, whereby a core layer having a corrugated structure is arranged between the first covering layer and the second covering layer, so that channels are formed between the first covering layer and the core layer and between the second covering layer and the core layer.

[0098] The supporting element, the insulating layer and the constraining layer made of the metal sandwich structure are as described above in connection with the floor structure of the invention. In particular, optional features of the components of the floor structure and / or the floor structure as a whole are also realized in the method of the invention, and the above are preferred.

[0099] In a particularly preferred embodiment, after step (i), metal strips (especially aluminum strips) are arranged on the insulating layer in a grid-like manner, and the upper side of the metal strips is coated with an adhesive, especially a polyurethane adhesive, so that when the constraining layer is arranged in step (ii), the constraining layer is bonded to the metal strips.

[0100] In particular, before step (i), the support element is coated with at least one intermediate layer, wherein the intermediate layer is selected from primer, mortar and / or metal tiles.

[0101] In another preferred embodiment, after step (ii), at least one covering layer is arranged on the constraining layer, wherein the covering layer is preferably selected from organic resins and tiles.

[0102] Advantages and other details of the metal strips, intermediate layers and coatings are described above in conjunction with the base plate structure of the present invention.

[0103] Another aspect of the present invention relates to the following uses:

[0104] - Use of a floor structure as described above for sound damping, in particular in a vehicle, a building and / or an offshore installation, in particular in a ship.

[0105] - Use of a floor structure as described above in a fire protection system, in particular as a fire wall and / or fire barrier, in particular in a means of transport, a building and / or an offshore installation, in particular in a ship.

[0106] In particular, a floor structure as described above is used in combination in a sound damping and fire protection system, in particular as a fire wall and / or fire protection barrier.

[0107] The transport means is in particular a train or a ship. The ship can be, for example, a cargo ship, a cruise ship or a ferry.

[0108] Further advantageous configurations of the invention are apparent from the exemplary embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0109] The accompanying drawings for explaining the embodiments show:

[0110] Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a portion of a floor structure of the first invention in the form of a steel deck of a ship, which is covered with an insulating layer of mineral wool and a constraining layer made of an aluminum sandwich structure;

[0111] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 A perspective view of a portion of an aluminum sandwich structure of a floor structure;

[0112] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A top view of an enlarged portion of a bottom plate structure;

[0113] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 The bottom plate structure along Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of line AA in FIG.

[0114] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of another base structure, which is similar in design to Figure 1 A base structure of the same type but with an additional covering layer on top of the constraining layer in the form of a waterproof polyurethane resin;

[0115] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of another base structure, which is similar in design to Figure 5 The floor structure is similar to that of the steel deck, but in addition there are two intermediate layers between the steel deck and the insulation.

[0116] In principle, identically designed components are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0117] Bottom plate structure

[0118] Figure 1 A part of the floor structure 10 of the first invention is shown in a perspective view.

[0119] The structure comprises a support element 11 in the form of a steel deck of a ship. On top of the support element 11, a mineral wool board (6.9 kg / m 2 , each board having a length×width×height of 2000 mm×1000 mm×50 mm, such as Rockwool Searox SL436, available from Rockwool International A / S) is arranged as the insulation layer 12.

[0120] On top of the insulating layer 12 a rectangular grid of aluminum strips 14.1, 14.2, ..., 14.12 is arranged (at Figure 1 In the figure, only two strips are shown. For more details, see Figure 2 The aluminum strip has a size of, for example, 1000 mm×140 mm×2 mm. The upper side of the aluminum strips 14.1, 14.2, ..., 14.2 is coated with an adhesive 15, in particular a polyurethane adhesive (for example, -472FR L 60, available from Sika Germany).

[0121] On top of the insulating layer 12 and the aluminum strips 14.1, 14.2, ..., 14.12 there is arranged a constraining layer 13 (in Figure 1 Only four plates are shown. Figure 2 An enlarged view with more visible plates is shown). The aluminum strips 14.1, 14.2, ... 14.12 extend along the contact line between adjacent plates. Thus, adjacent plates 13.2, 13.3 are bonded to the same aluminum strip 14.1 with adhesive 15. Plates 13.3, 13.4 are bonded to another aluminum strip 14.2 in a similar manner. Other plates are similarly bonded to further aluminum strips (see Figure 2 ).

[0122] Furthermore, adjacent panels 13.2, 13.3 are connected with an aluminum tongue 16.1 which is received in two opposing grooves in the side walls of the panels 13.2, 13.3. Panels 13.3, 13.4 are connected to each other in a similar manner by another aluminum tongue 16.2. Other connections exist between other panels ( Figure 1 not shown). Figure 1The bottom plate structure has, for example, 14.9 kg / m 2 Weight (excluding steel deck).

[0123] exist Figure 1 On the upper left side of the side wall 17 protrudes from the steel deck 11. The insulating layer 12 is in indirect contact with the side wall 17, while the constraining layer 13 is connected by a sealant element 18 (for example, made of a sealant available from Sika Germany). -591) and is separated from the side wall 17. Therefore, there is no direct contact between the side wall 17 and the constraining layer 13.

[0124] Figure 2 A portion of a plate 13.1 having a metal sandwich structure is shown. The plate comprises a first aluminum covering layer 131 and a second aluminum covering layer 132, between which a core layer 133 made of aluminum and having a sinusoidal structure is arranged, so that a first groove 134 is formed between the first covering layer 131 and the core layer 133, and a second groove 135 is formed between the second covering layer 132 and the core layer 133. The grooves 134, 135 both extend parallel to the covering layers 131, 132 and to each other. At the contact points between the core layer 133 and the covering layers 131, 132, the core layer 133 is welded to the first core layer 131 or the second core layer 132.

[0125] The thickness of the first layer 131 and the second layer 132 is, for example, 1 mm, and the thickness of the core layer 133 is, for example, 0.3 mm. The total height of the board is, for example, 6 mm, and the area density is 6.9 kg / m 3 .

[0126] Figure 3 FIG. 1 shows a top view of an enlarged portion of the base structure 10. Figure 3 As shown, the aluminum strips 14.1, 14.2, ..., 14.12 (dashed rectangles) located below the plates 13.1, 13.2, ..., 13.9 are arranged in a rectangular grid. Therefore, the aluminum strips 14.1, 14.2, ..., 14.12 extend along the contact lines between the plates 13.1, 13.2, ..., 13.9.

[0127] All aluminum strips 14.1, 14.2, ..., 14.12 are bonded on their upper sides with adhesive 15 ( Figure 3 , 13.9) are bonded to the underside of the plates 13.1, 13.2, ..., 13.9 so that adjacent plates are connected to each other via the aluminum strips 14.1, 14.2, ..., 14.12.

[0128] pass Figure 1 Note that all adjacent panels 13.1, 13.2, ..., 13.9 are additionally provided with aluminum tongues ( Figure 3 are connected to each other (not shown).

[0129] Figure 4 It indicated Figure 1 The bottom plate structure 10 along Figure 1 Sectional view along line AA.

[0130] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of another base structure 10' is shown. The base structure 10' is similar in design to Figure 1 The floor structure 10 of is substantially the same. However, on top of the constraining layer 13 as an additional covering layer 20, a waterproof polyurethane based resin (eg Sikafloor Marine 590, available from Sika Germany) is applied.

[0131] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of another floor structure 10" is shown. The floor structure 10" is similar in design to the floor structure 10', but additionally comprises an intermediate layer 30 between the supporting element 11 and the insulating layer 12. The intermediate layer 30 comprises, as a viscoelastic layer, a polymer-modified cement mortar (e.g. Marine VEM, available from Sika Germany) and as an additional constraining layer made of another polymer-modified cement mortar (e.g. The upper layer 30b is made of Marine-190, available from Sika Germany).

[0132] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that, without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention, the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms. Therefore, the embodiments disclosed herein are considered in all aspects to be illustrative rather than restrictive.

[0133] For example, instead of the upper layer 30b made of polymer-modified cement mortar, steel tiles may be used.

[0134] Also, additional primer layers (e.g. Marine Primer C, available from Sika Germany) may be applied between the upper layer 30b and the lower layer 30a and between the lower layer 30a and the support element 11 in order to improve the bonding between the layers.

[0135] Fire test

[0136] Fire testing of baseplate structures is carried out in accordance with the International Code for the Application of Fire Test Procedures, 2010 (IMO, Resolution MSC.307(88) adopted on 3 December 2010).

[0137] Tests have shown that the device prevents the passage of flames and smoke for 60 minutes. The average temperature rise on the unexposed deck side is less than 140°C above the temperature before the start of the standard fire test. In conclusion, using the mortar composition of the present invention, it is possible to produce decks of the A-60 class type.

[0138] Acoustic testing

[0139] Acoustic tests were carried out according to standards ISO 10140:2010 and EN ISO 717:2013. All tested floor structures clearly demonstrated significant noise and vibration damping.

[0140] Load Capacity

[0141] To test the load capacity, a car weighing approximately 2 tons was loaded into the floor. As a result, no permanent deformation or damage was observed.

[0142] In summary, the floor structure of the present invention can be used to create an effective fire barrier and acoustic damping while having a load bearing capacity comparable to known floor structures, but at a much lower weight.

Claims

1. Bottom plate structure (10, 10', 10"), including: (i) a supporting element (11), in particular made of metal; (ii) an insulating layer (12), the insulating layer (12) being made of mineral wool; (iii) a constrained layer (13), the constrained layer (13) being made of a metal sandwich structure, the metal sandwich structure comprising a first metal covering layer (131) and a second metal covering layer (132), a core layer (133) having a corrugated structure being arranged between the first covering layer (131) and the second covering layer (132), such that a first channel (134) is formed between the first covering layer (131) and the core layer (133), and a second channel (135) is formed between the second covering layer (132) and the core layer (133), It is characterized in that the insulating layer (12) is arranged between the supporting element (11) and the constraining layer (13).

2. The floor structure according to claim 1, wherein: The support element (11) is a deck of a ship or an offshore installation, in particular made of steel and / or aluminum.

3. A floor structure according to any preceding claim, wherein: The insulating layer (12) is made of mineral wool having one or more of the following properties: -Nominal density is 70-200kg / m 3 , measured according to EN 1602:2013, preferably 90-190 kg / m 3 , especially 100-170kg / m 3 , especially 120-150kg / m 2 , for example 140kg / m 3 , and / or - a compressive strength of at least 4 kPa, measured according to EN 826:2013, preferably at least 7 kPa, in particular at least 10 kPa, especially at least 12 kPa, and / or - a thickness of 30-150 mm, measured in a direction perpendicular to the support element, in particular 40-100 mm, in particular 45-60 mm, for example 50 mm, and / or -Dynamic stiffness is 3-20MN / m 3 , measured according to EN 229052-1:1992, preferably 8-19 MN / m 3 , especially 10-17MN / m 3 , especially 12-16MN / m 3 , for example 14MN / m 3 .

4. A floor structure according to any preceding claim, wherein: The constraining layer (13) and / or the metal sandwich structure has a thickness of 2-25 mm, in particular 3-15 mm, especially 5-10 mm.

5. A floor structure according to any preceding claim, wherein: The first metal covering layer (131), the second metal covering layer (132) and / or the core layer having the corrugated structure (133) are made of aluminum.

6. A floor structure according to any preceding claim, wherein: - the thickness of the first metal covering layer (131) and / or the second metal covering layer (132) is 0.5-2 mm, in particular 0.7-1.3 mm, in particular 0.9-1.1 mm, - the thickness of the core layer (133) is 0.1-0.5 mm, in particular 0.2-0.4 mm, for example 0.3 mm, - The thickness of the first metal covering layer (131) and / or the second metal covering layer (132) is greater than the thickness of the core layer (133).

7. A floor structure according to any preceding claim, wherein: The core layer (133) has a sinusoidal cross-section in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the channels (134, 135).

8. A floor structure according to any preceding claim, wherein: The metal sandwich structure comprises 3-20 grooves (134, 135) per meter, in particular 4-15 grooves per meter, wherein the grooves comprise the sum of the first grooves (134) and the second grooves (135).

9. A floor structure according to any preceding claim, wherein: The constraining layer (13) is manufactured from a plurality of individual plates (13.1, 13.2, ...) having a metal sandwich structure, in particular rectangular plates, wherein the individual plates (13.1, 13.2, ...) are connected to each other by a tongue and groove connection, wherein preferably, the individual plates (13.1, 13.2, ...) comprise on each side a groove in the side wall, in which an additional metal tongue (16.1, 16.2, ...) extending into the groove of an adjacent plate is arranged.

10. A floor structure according to any preceding claim, wherein: Metal strips (14.1, 14.2, ...) are arranged in a grid-like manner between the mineral wool of the insulating layer (12) and the metal sandwich structure of the constraining layer (13), in particular aluminum strips, wherein the metal strips (14.1, 14.2, ...) are bonded to the metal sandwich structure, in particular using a polyurethane adhesive (15).

11. A floor structure according to any preceding claim, wherein: The coverage of the metal strips (14.1, 14.2, ...) is 5-50%, in particular 10-30%, of the total surface area of ​​the insulating layer (12).

12. The floor structure according to any one of claims 9 to 11, wherein: The metal strips (14.1, 14.2, ...) are arranged such that adjacent individual plates (13.1, 13.2, ...) having a metal sandwich structure are connected by at least one metal strip (14.1, 14.2, ...).

13. A floor structure according to any preceding claim, wherein: At least one intermediate layer (30) is arranged between the support element (11) and the insulating layer (12), the intermediate layer (30) being selected from primer, mortar and / or metal tile.

14. A floor structure according to any preceding claim, wherein: At least one covering layer (20) is arranged on top of the constraining layer (13), the covering layer (20) preferably being selected from organic resins and tiles.

15. A transport vehicle, a building and / or an offshore facility, in particular a ship, comprising a bottom plate structure (10, 10', 10") according to any one of claims 1 to 14.

16. Use of a base plate structure (10, 10', 10") according to any one of claims 1 to 14 for sound damping, in particular in vehicles, buildings and / or offshore installations, in particular in ships, and / or use of the base plate structure (10, 10', 10") in fire protection systems, in particular as a fire wall and / or fire barrier, in particular in vehicles, buildings and / or offshore installations, in particular in ships.

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