A well cell injection and seedling transplanting machine for hilly and mountainous areas

Abstract

The present invention discloses a well cell injection and seedling transplanting machine for hilly and mountainous areas, which includes a leveling walking chassis, a gear transmission box, a multi-rod mechanism for well cell digging, a water injection system, a seedling throwing device, and a duckbill planter; the gear transmission box is installed in front of the leveling walking chassis, and the output ends are respectively connected to the multi-rod mechanism for well cell digging and the seedling throwing device; the multi-rod mechanism for well cell digging is arranged between the two walking wheels of the leveling walking chassis; the water injection system is connected to the drill bit of the multi-rod mechanism for well cell digging; the seedling throwing device is located above the rear of the leveling walking chassis and is connected to the output shaft of the gear transmission box through a transmission shaft; the duckbill planter is arranged below the rear of the leveling walking chassis and is connected to the seedling throwing device through a slideway, and the center line of the duckbill planter and the center line of the multi-rod mechanism for well cell digging are in the same vertical plane and parallel to the machine walking direction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of crop seedling planting, and particularly relates to a well cell injection and seedling transplanting machine for hilly and mountainous areas. Background Art

[0002] Well cell transplanting refers to a new planting technology in which a well cell is dug on a ridge body during transplanting. The upper half of the well cell is cylindrical, and the lower half is conical. Then, crop seedlings are vertically dropped into the well cell. Since the conical angle of the matrix part at the root of the crop seedlings is equal to the conical angle of the lower half of the well cell, the posture of the crop seedlings always remains vertically upward. Finally, an appropriate amount of water is flushed into the well cell to make the matrix integrate with the surrounding soil.

[0003] Currently, for well cell transplanting, a well cell making machine is carried on the back manually, with a small gasoline engine as the power source, and a hole punching device is held by hand to perform the hole punching operation. Although this method of making well cells meets the requirements of agronomic planting, it has low automation, high labor intensity, and low work efficiency, and cannot be widely promoted and applied on a large scale.

[0004] Some well cell injection and seedling transplanting machines are disclosed in the prior art, but their transmission structures are relatively complex, resulting in problems such as large overall volume, heaviness, and inflexible turning of the hole punching and forming transplanting machine; moreover, when the existing hole punching and forming transplanting machine performs the operation of digging well cells, the transplanting machine needs to stop to dig the well cells, which will affect the subsequent seedling planting work, resulting in low hole punching efficiency of the transplanting machine. If the transplanting machine keeps moving forward, it is easy to dig elliptical well cells, which will affect the subsequent seedling planting work; at the same time, the well cell head needs to continuously move back and forth rapidly, which will not only cause a large impact on the frame, but also generate relatively large noise. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a well cell injection and seedling transplanting machine for hilly and mountainous areas.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A well cell injection and seedling transplanting machine for hilly and mountainous areas, comprising an adjustable parallel walking chassis and a gear transmission box, a multi-bar mechanism for well cell construction, a water injection system, a seedling planting device, and a duckbill planter arranged in sequence on the adjustable parallel walking chassis; the gear transmission box is installed in front of the adjustable parallel walking chassis, and its input end is connected to the transmission shaft on the adjustable parallel walking chassis. The gear transmission box includes a shift speed regulation system and a sprocket-non-circular gear system; the shift speed regulation system adjusts the speed of the first output shaft, the first output shaft drives the second output shaft through a pair of bevel gears, and the second output shaft is perpendicular to the first output shaft; and the first output shaft drives the third output shaft through a sprocket and a pair of non-circular gears, and the third output shaft is parallel to the first output shaft; wherein, the first output shaft and the third output shaft are connected to the multi-bar mechanism for well cell construction, and the multi-bar mechanism for well cell construction is connected to the water injection system and the forming drill bit; the second output shaft is connected to the seedling planting device, and the seedling planting device is connected to the duckbill planter; the multi-bar mechanism for well cell construction is arranged between the two walking wheels of the adjustable parallel walking chassis; the duckbill planter is arranged at the rear lower part of the adjustable parallel walking chassis.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the water injection system is connected to the drill bit of the multi-bar mechanism for well cell construction; the seedling planting device is located at the rear upper part of the adjustable parallel walking chassis and is connected to the second output shaft of the gear transmission box through a transmission shaft; the duckbill planter is connected to the seedling planting device through a slideway, and the center line of the duckbill planter and the center line of the multi-bar mechanism for well cell construction are in the same vertical plane and parallel to the machine walking direction.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the multi-bar mechanism for well cell construction includes a first rocker, a second rocker, a third rocker, a crank, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a well cell forming drill bit support, a micro motor, and a forming drill bit;

[0010] One end of the first rocker is hinged to the first output shaft, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting rod; one end of the second rocker is hinged to one side of the gearbox housing through a shaft, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting rod; one end of the third rocker is hinged to the other side of the gearbox housing through a shaft, and the other end is hinged to the well cell forming drill bit support; one end of the crank is fixedly connected to the third output shaft, and the other end is hinged to the second connecting rod; the other two hinge points of the first connecting rod are respectively connected to the first support rod, the second support rod of the well cell forming drill bit support, and the third connecting rod, wherein the first support rod and the third connecting rod are at the same hinge point, and the second support rod and the second rocker are at the same hinge point.

[0011] Further, the well cellar forming drill bit support is welded and formed by a first support rod, a second support rod, a third support rod, a cylindrical rod, a connecting handle, and a forming drill bit support; the other ends of the first support rod and the second support rod are respectively hinged to the forming drill bit support, one end of the third support rod is hinged to the third rocker, and the other end is hinged to the forming drill bit support. Among them, the second support rod and the third support rod are fixedly connected by a cylindrical rod, the cylindrical rod is welded and connected to the connecting handle, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the crank, and the other end is hinged to the connecting handle.

[0012] Further, it also includes a composite cam, which is formed by welding two cams with different structures arranged at a certain phase angle and is spline-connected to the first output shaft.

[0013] Further, one of the cams of the composite cam is in high pair contact with the second rocker through a bearing, and the other cam is in high pair contact with the third connecting rod through a bearing; the first output shaft drives the two cams to rotate, and the two cams respectively drive the second rocker and the third connecting rod to swing.

[0014] Further, the forming drill bit is connected to a micro motor. The forming drill bit is arranged below the forming drill bit support, and the micro motor is arranged above the forming drill bit support.

[0015] Further, the water injection system mainly consists of a water tank, a water pump, a water flow control cam, a solenoid valve, a diversion cover, a bearing, and a control rod. Among them, the water flow control cam is spline-connected to the third output shaft, the water flow control cam is in high pair contact with the bearing, the bearing is connected to a control rod, and the control rod controls the solenoid valve, and then controls the water flow of the water tank through the solenoid valve; the diversion cover is fixed below the forming drill bit support and is coaxial with the forming drill bit, and the water inlet of the diversion cover is connected to the water tank through a pipeline.

[0016] Further, the seedling throwing device mainly consists of a seedling tray assembly, a seedling receiving port, a slideway, a transmission mechanism, a connecting shaft, a transmission gear, and a seedling cup. The connecting shaft is connected to the second output shaft of the gear transmission box; the connecting shaft connects the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism drives the seedling tray assembly to rotate through the transmission gear. A circle of seedling cups is arranged on the seedling tray assembly. The upper part of the slideway is the seedling receiving port, and the slideway is connected to the duckbill planter.

[0017] Further, the duckbill planter is connected to the frame by bolts, connected to the seedling tray assembly through the slideway and the seedling receiving port, and connected to the third connecting rod through a connecting rope to control the opening and closing of the duckbill.

[0018] Further, the position of the duckbill planter on the adjustable parallel walking chassis is adjusted according to the plant spacing.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] (1) A gearbox with a non - circular gear structure, a multi - rod mechanism for digging well cellars, and a seedling - dropping device are installed on the parallel - walking chassis. These three are the main key components of the transplanter, capable of adjusting the transplanting speed and plant spacing, making well cellars, transporting and dropping crop seedlings, improving the operation efficiency, and replacing the traditional operation method of relying on manual carrying of the machine and holding a hole - punching device by hand, thus enhancing the mechanization level and planting scale of tobacco cultivation.

[0021] (2) Through the interaction of the sprocket - non - circular gear system, the multi - rod mechanism for digging well cellars, and the compound cam, the speed of the well - cellar forming drill bit during soil penetration and soil exit is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the speed of the walking chassis. During the process of making well cellars, the well - cellar forming drill bit maintains a zero - speed state in the horizontal direction and forms a well cellar with a uniform diameter in the vertical direction. Then, the same action is repeated to enter the production of the next well cellar.

[0022] (3) The flow - guiding cover is installed on the well - cellar forming drill bit. Water flows out along the well - cellar forming drill bit from the flow - guiding cover, evenly and quickly wetting the inner side of the well cellar to reach the soil humidity for well - cellar formation, ensuring that the formed well cellar does not collapse. At the same time, the formed well cellar provides suitable temperature and moisture for crop seedlings, improving the survival rate and survival quality of crop seedlings.

[0023] (4) During the process of making well cellars, the duck - bill planter is in an open state under the action of the compound cam, and at this time, crop seedlings fall into the well cellar. By adjusting the position of the duck - bill planter relative to the well - cellar forming drill bit and stretching or shortening the length of the seedling - dropping chute, the requirements for different plant spacings can be met. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The schematic drawings forming a part of this invention are used to provide a further understanding of this invention. The schematic embodiments and their descriptions of this invention are used to explain this invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to this invention.

[0025] The schematic drawings forming a part of this invention are used to provide a further understanding of this invention. The schematic embodiments and their descriptions of this invention are used to explain this invention and do not constitute an improper limitation to this invention.

[0026] Figure 1 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention according to one or more embodiments Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 2 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention according to one or more embodiments Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 3 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present invention according to one or more embodiments Figure 3 ;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the gear transmission box according to one or more embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the gear transmission box according to one or more embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the multi - rod mechanism for digging cellars according to one or more embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the multi - rod mechanism for digging cellars according to one or more embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of a partial mechanism of the water injection system according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the seedling - throwing device and the duck - bill planter according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the seedling - throwing device according to one or more embodiments of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the first non - circular gear and the second non - circular gear disclosed in the present invention;

[0037] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the composite cam structure of the present invention;

[0038] In the figure: 1. Parallel running chassis; 2. Gear transmission box; 2-1. Gear shifting and speed control system; 2-1-1. First transmission shaft; 2-1-2. First sprocket; 2-1-3. Second transmission shaft; 2-1-4. Second sprocket; 2-1-5. First gear; 2-1-6. Second gear; 2-1-7. First transmission assembly; 2-1-7-1. Third transmission shaft; 2-1-7-2. Third gear; 2-1-7-3. Fourth gear; 2-1-7-4. Fifth gear; 2-1-8. Second transmission assembly; 2-1-8-1. Fourth transmission shaft; 2-1-8-2. Sixth gear; 2-1-8-3. Seventh gear; 2-1 -8-4. Adjustment handle; 2-1-9. Third transmission assembly; 2-1-9-1. Third sprocket; 2-1-9-2. Clutch gear; 2-1-9-3. Clutch; 2-1-9-4. Spring; 2-1-9-5. Bevel gear; 2-1-9-6. First output shaft; 2-1-9-7. Second output shaft; 2-2. Sprocket-noncircular gear system; 2-2-1. Fourth sprocket; 2-2-2. Eighth gear; 2-2-3. Fifth transmission shaft; 2-2-4. Ninth gear; 2-2-5. First noncircular gear; 2-2-6. Sixth transmission shaft; 2-2-7. Second noncircular gear; 2-2-8. Third output shaft;

[0039] 3. Multi-rod mechanism for well drilling; 3-1. First rocker; 3-2. Second rocker; 3-3. Third rocker; 3-4. Crank; 3-5. First connecting rod; 3-6. Second connecting rod; 3-7. Third connecting rod; 3-8. Well drilling drill bit support; 3-8-1. First support rod; 3-8-2. Second support rod; 3-8-3. Third support rod; 3-8-4. Cylindrical rod; 3-8-5. Connecting handle; 3-8-6. Support weld for drill bit; 3-9. Micromotor; 3-10. Drill bit support;

[0040] 4. Water injection system; 4-1. Water flow control cam; 4-2. Solenoid valve; 4-3. Flow deflector; 4-4. Bearing; 4-5. Control lever;

[0041] 5. Seedling dropping device; 5-1. Seedling tray assembly; 5-2. Seedling receiving port; 5-3. Slideway; 5-4. Transmission mechanism; 5-5. Connecting shaft; 5-6. Transmission gear; 5-7. Seedling cup;

[0042] 6. Duckbill planter; 6-1 connecting rope;

[0043] 7. Compound cam; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in the present invention have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains.

[0045] It should be noted that the terms used herein are for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments of the present invention. As used herein, unless the present invention otherwise clearly indicates, the singular form is also intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof;

[0046] For the convenience of description, if the words "upper", "lower", "left", and "right" appear in the present invention, they only indicate the same directions as the upper, lower, left, and right of the attached drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation to the present invention.

[0047] Term explanation section: Terms such as "install", "connect", "couple", "fix" in the present invention should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral one; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection, it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be an internal connection between two elements, or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0048] As introduced in the background art, there are deficiencies in the prior art. To solve the above technical problems, the present invention proposes a well cell injection and seedling transplanting machine for hilly and mountainous areas. It can complete the operations of digging well cells, injecting water, putting seedlings, and planting in one-time operation. The machine adjusts the walking speed, planting speed, and plant spacing by means of gear meshing transmission and chain drive combination, and by switching different gears, to meet the agronomic requirements for planting different crop seedlings. Through non-circular gear transmission and multi-link mechanism combination, during the walking process of the machine, the drill bit moves vertically up and down, and at the same time, under the action of the motor, the drill bit rotates to realize the function of digging well cells. The upper half of the well cell is cylindrical, and the lower half is conical, and the cone angle is equal to the cone angle of the root substrate part of the crop seedlings. The duckbill planter can be adjusted back and forth according to the plant spacing size. It can be adjusted left and right according to the deviation from the ridge. Under the traction of the multi-link mechanism, the opening and closing of the duckbill are realized through a connecting rope. The slideway for crop seedlings can be telescoped according to the actual situation. The well cell digging and planting device makes well cells on the ridge body. During the production process, the water in the water tank is sprayed onto the well cell drill bit through the flow guide cover under the action of the water pump and the solenoid valve. The water flow moistens the inner wall of the well cell, improves the adhesion inside the well cell, avoids the collapse of the cavity body, and provides a suitable temperature and humidity for the growth of crop seedlings. Under the action of the water flow, the substrate part of the roots of the crop seedlings is integrated with the soil around the well cell, which is beneficial to the survival of the crop seedlings and improves the survival rate.

[0049] After the crop seedlings enter the seedling feeding device, they fall into the slideway seedling receiving port in sequence as the seedling tray rotates, and reach the duckbill planter through the slideway. The planting mechanism sends the crop seedlings into the well cells that have been made, greatly improving the planting efficiency of the crop seedlings and reducing the labor intensity.

[0050] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides a well cell injection and seedling transplanting machine for hilly and mountainous areas, including a leveling walking chassis 1, a gear transmission box 2, a multi-rod mechanism 3 for well cell construction, a water injection system 4, a seedling planting device 5, and a duckbill planter 6 arranged in sequence on the leveling walking chassis 1. The gear transmission box 2 is installed in front of the leveling walking chassis 1, connected to the transmission shaft on the leveling walking chassis 1 at one end, and connected to the multi-rod mechanism 3 for well cell construction and the seedling planting device 5 at the other end; the multi-rod mechanism 3 for well cell construction is arranged between the two walking wheels of the leveling walking chassis; the water injection system 4 is connected to the drill bit of the multi-rod mechanism 3 for well cell construction; the seedling planting device 5 is located above the rear of the leveling walking chassis and is connected to one end of the gear transmission box through a transmission shaft; the duckbill planter 6 is arranged below the rear of the leveling walking chassis 1 and is connected to the seedling planting device 5 through a slideway, and the center line of the duckbill planter 6 and the center line of the multi-rod mechanism for well cell construction are in the same vertical plane and parallel to the machine walking direction; the duckbill planter 6 is fixed on the leveling walking chassis 1, the gear transmission box 2 drives the drill bit to move up and down intermittently through the multi-rod mechanism 3 for well cell construction, and at the same time controls the water injection volume of the water injection system 4 and controls the rotation of the seedling planting device 5; it should be noted that the position of the duckbill planter 6 on the leveling walking chassis 1 can be adjusted according to the plant spacing, and when the adjustment is in place, the duckbill planter 6 is fixed on the leveling walking chassis 1.

[0051] Further, the gear transmission box 2 consists of a shifting speed regulation system 2-1 and a sprocket-non-circular gear system 2-2. Among them, the function of the shifting speed regulation system 2-1 is mainly to achieve power transmission on the one hand and to adjust the transplanting speed on the other hand; the function of the sprocket-non-circular gear system 2-2 is mainly that during the forward movement of the transplanting machine, the well cell forming drill bit realizes intermittent vertical up and down soil penetration movement.

[0052] The shift speed control system 2-1 consists of a first transmission shaft 2-1-1, a first sprocket 2-1-2, a second transmission shaft 2-1-3, a second sprocket 2-1-4, a first gear 2-1-5, a second gear 2-1-6, a first transmission component 2-1-7, a second transmission component 2-1-8, a third transmission component 2-1-9, etc. The first sprocket 2-1-2 is connected to the transmission shaft on the leveling chassis 1 through the first transmission shaft 2-1-1; the first sprocket 2-1-2 and the second sprocket 2-1-4 are driven by a chain for speed reduction; the second sprocket 2-1-4 and the first gear 2-1-5 are connected to the box body through the second transmission shaft, and the second sprocket and the first gear are arranged on both sides of the box body; the first gear 2-1-5 meshes with the second gear 2-1-6, and the second gear 2-1-6 is connected to the first transmission component through the third transmission shaft, and the second gear 2-1-6 and the first transmission component are arranged on both sides of the box body; the first gear 2-1-5 meshes with the second gear 2-1-6 for reversing and speed reduction; the first transmission component 2-1-7 and the second transmission component 2-1-8 are driven by gear meshing; the second transmission component 2-1-8 and the third transmission component 2-1-9 are driven by gear meshing.

[0053] Further, the first transmission component 2-1-7 consists of a third transmission shaft 2-1-7-1, a third gear 2-1-7-2, a fourth gear 2-1-7-3, a fifth gear 2-1-7-4, etc. The number of teeth of the third gear 2-1-7-2, the fourth gear 2-1-7-3, and the fifth gear 2-1-7-4 are different and are arranged at equal intervals on the third transmission shaft 2-1-7-1 according to a certain phase angle.

[0054] Further, the second transmission component 2-1-8 consists of a fourth transmission shaft 2-1-8-1, a sixth gear 2-1-8-2, a seventh gear 2-1-8-3, an adjusting handle 2-1-8-4, etc. The sixth gear 2-1-8-2 and the seventh gear 2-1-8-3 are connected to the box body through the fourth transmission shaft 2-1-8-1. The seventh gear 2-1-8-3 is connected to the adjusting handle through an annular groove. By extending and retracting the adjusting handle, the seventh gear 2-1-8-3 meshes with the third gear 2-1-7-2, the fourth gear 2-1-7-3, and the fifth gear 2-1-7-4 respectively. By switching different gears, the purpose of shifting and speed control is achieved.

[0055] Further, the third transmission component 2-1-9 consists of a third sprocket wheel 2-1-9-1, a clutch gear 2-1-9-2, a clutch 2-1-9-3, a spring 2-1-9-4, a bevel gear 2-1-9-5, a first output shaft 2-1-9-6, a second output shaft 2-1-9-7, a bevel gear 2-1-9-8, etc. Among them, the third sprocket wheel 2-1-9-1, the clutch gear 2-1-9-2, the clutch 2-1-9-3, the spring 2-1-9-4, and the bevel gear 2-1-9-5 are arranged in sequence on the first output shaft 2-1-9-6. Under the action of an external force, the clutch 2-1-9-3 is opened, and under the elastic force of the spring 2-1-9-4, it is closed. The second output shaft 2-1-9-7 is connected through the bevel gear 2-1-9-5 and the bevel gear 2-1-9-8, and the second output shaft 2-1-9-7 drives the seedling tray to rotate through the connecting shaft 5-5; the clutch gear 2-1-9-2 meshes with the sixth gear 2-1-8-2 in the second transmission component 2-1-8 to achieve power transmission; in the third transmission component 2-1-9, the purpose of setting the clutch 2-1-9-3 is as follows: when the machine is walking (non-working state), the clutch 2-1-9-3 and the clutch gear 2-1-9-2 are in a disconnected state. At this time, the sprocket-non-circular gear system 2-2 is in a non-working state, and the multi-rod mechanism 3 for digging well cellars and the water injection system 4 are both in non-working states. When the machine is working, the clutch 2-1-9-3 and the clutch gear 2-1-9-2 are in a closed state. Through the sprocket-non-circular gear system 2-2, the multi-rod mechanism 3 for digging well cellars is driven. At this time, the forming drill bit 3-10 moves up and down to complete the function of digging well cellars, and at the same time, the water injection system 4 is also in a working state.

[0056] Further, the sprocket-non-circular gear system 2-2 consists of a fourth sprocket wheel 2-2-1, an eighth gear 2-2-2, a fifth transmission shaft 2-2-3, a ninth gear 2-2-4, a first non-circular gear 2-2-5, a sixth transmission shaft 2-2-6, a second non-circular gear 2-2-7, a third output shaft 2-2-8, etc. Among them, the third sprocket wheel 2-1-9-1 and the fourth sprocket wheel 2-2-1 are driven by a chain, the fourth sprocket wheel 2-2-1 and the eighth gear 2-2-2 are coaxially connected, the eighth gear 2-2-2 and the ninth gear 2-2-4 are meshingly connected, the ninth gear 2-2-4 and the first non-circular gear 2-2-5 are coaxially connected, the first non-circular gear 2-2-5 and the second non-circular gear 2-2-7 are meshingly connected, and the second non-circular gear 2-2-7 is installed on the third output shaft 2-2-8. It should be noted that the purpose of using non-circular gears for the first non-circular gear 2-2-5 and the second non-circular gear 2-2-7 is that during the walking process of the machine, the forming drill bit 3-10 can continuously and uninterruptedly achieve zero speed in the horizontal direction at the position of digging well cellars and the function of digging well cellars vertically up and down.

[0057] Among them, for the shapes of the first non-circular gear 2-2-5 and the second non-circular gear 2-2-7, refer to Figure 11 . The first non-circular gear 2-2-5 and the second non-circular gear 2-2-7 are both elliptical gears. According to the motion principle of the first non-circular gear 2-2-5 and the second non-circular gear 2-2-7, the third output shaft 2-2-8 can perform non-uniform rotation; under the action of the first non-circular gear 2-2-5 and the second non-circular gear 2-2-7, the moving direction of the forming drill bit 3-10 is opposite to the machine advancing direction, and the speed magnitudes are equal. During the machine walking process, the forming drill bit 3-10 remains stationary relative to a certain point on the ground. At this time, the forming drill bit 3-10 moves up and down. After completing the function of digging the well cellar, the next action is continued to be repeated.

[0058] Furthermore, the multi-link mechanism for digging the well cellar consists of a first rocker 3-1, a second rocker 3-2, a third rocker 3-3, a crank 3-4, a first connecting rod 3-5, a second connecting rod 3-6, a third connecting rod 3-7, a well cellar forming drill bit support 3-8, a micro motor 3-9, and a forming drill bit 3-10. The well cellar forming drill bit support consists of a first support rod 3-8-1, a second support rod 3-8-2, a third support rod 3-8-3, a cylindrical rod 3-8-4, a connecting handle 3-8-5, and a forming drill bit support weld 3-8-6.

[0059] One end of the first rocker 3-1 is hinged to the first output shaft 2-1-9-6, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting rod 3-5; one end of the second rocker 3-2 is hinged to one side of the gearbox housing through a shaft, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting rod 3-5; one end of the third rocker 3-3 is hinged to the other side of the gearbox housing through a shaft, and the other end is hinged to the well cellar forming drill bit support 3-8;

[0060] One end of the crank 3-4 is fixedly connected to the third output shaft 2-2-8 through a flat key, and the other end is hinged to the second connecting rod 3-6. The other two hinge points of the first connecting rod 3-5 are respectively connected to the first support rod 3-8-1, the second support rod 3-8-2 of the well cellar forming drill bit support, and the third connecting rod 3-7. Among them, the first support rod 3-8-1 and the third connecting rod 3-7 are at the same hinge point, and the second support rod 3-8-2 and the second rocker 3-2 are at the same hinge point;

[0061] Furthermore, the composite cam 7 is formed by welding two cams with different structures arranged at a certain phase angle, and is spline-connected to the first output shaft 2-1-9-6. One of the cams of the composite cam is in high pair contact with the second rocker 3-2 through a bearing, and the other cam is in high pair contact with the third connecting rod 3-7 through a bearing; the first output shaft clutch 2-1-9-3 drives the two cams to rotate, and the two cams respectively drive the second rocker and the third connecting rod 3-7 to swing; the third connecting rod 3-7 is connected to the duckbill planter 6 through a connecting rope 6-1 to control the opening and closing of the duckbill planter 6;

[0062] Further, the other ends of the first support rod 3-8-1 and the second support rod 3-8-2 of the well cellar forming bit support are respectively hinged to the forming bit support welding 3-8-6. One end of the third support rod 3-8-3 is hinged to the third rocker, and the other end is hinged to the forming bit support welding 3-8-6. The second support rod 3-8-2 and the third support rod 3-8-3 are fixedly connected by a cylindrical rod. The cylindrical rod is welded to the connecting handle. One end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the crank, and the other end is hinged to the connecting handle;

[0063] The specific working process and power transmission process of the above multi-rod mechanism for well cellar drilling are as follows:

[0064] During the walking process of the machine, the clutch 2-1-9-3 and the clutch gear 2-1-9-2 are closed, and the sprocket-non-circular gear system 2-2 starts to work. The first output shaft 2-1-9-6 is key-connected and coaxial with the third sprocket 2-1-9-1 for rotation. The third sprocket 2-1-9-1 and the fourth sprocket 2-2-1 are driven at the same speed by a chain. The fourth sprocket 2-2-1 and the eighth gear 2-2-2 are coaxial for rotation. The eighth gear 2-2-2 and the ninth gear 2-2-4 are engaged for movement. The ninth gear 2-2-4 and the first non-circular gear 2-2-5 are coaxial for rotation. The first non-circular gear 2-2-5 and the second non-circular gear 2-2-7 are engaged for movement. The second non-circular gear 2-2-7 and the third output shaft 2-2-8 are coaxial for rotation. The first rocker 3-1 swings around the first output shaft 2-1-9-6 and plays a supporting role. The second rocker 3-2 swings around a fixed point on the surface of the sprocket-non-circular gear system 2-2 housing and plays a supporting role. The third rocker 3-3 swings around another fixed point on the surface of the sprocket-non-circular gear system 2-2 housing and plays a supporting role. Under the combined action of the first rocker 3-1, the second rocker 3-2, and the third rocker 3-3, the multi-rod mechanism 3 for well cellar drilling is supported, and all connection points are movable connections.

[0065] The crank 3-4 rotates in a full circle along with the third output shaft 2-2-8. The crank 3-4 drives the forming drill bit 3-10 of the well cell multi-link mechanism 3 to move up and down through the second connecting rod 3-6. The compound cam 7 rotates in a full circle along with the first output shaft 2-1-9-6. The two cams of the compound cam 7 respectively correct the movement direction of the forming drill bit 3-10 of the well cell multi-link mechanism 3 through the second rocker 3-2 and the third connecting rod 3-7. Under the action of the first non-circular gear 2-2-5 and the second non-circular gear 2-2-7, the movement direction of the forming drill bit 3-10 is opposite to the forward direction of the machine, and the speed magnitude is equal. During the machine walking process, the forming drill bit 3-10 remains stationary relative to a certain point on the ground. At this time, the forming drill bit 3-10 moves up and down, and at the same time, under the action of the micro motor 3-9, the forming drill bit 3-10 rotates. The water flow control cam 4-1 rotates in a full circle along with the third output shaft 2-2-8. Through the action of the control rod 4-5, the water injection system 4 regularly realizes the water injection operation. The water flow wets the inner wall of the well cell along the forming drill bit 3-10, completing the function of digging the well cell, and then continues to repeat the next action.

[0066] Further, the forming drill bit 3-10 is connected to the micro motor 3-9. The forming drill bit 3-10 is arranged below the forming drill bit support welding, and the micro motor 3-9 is arranged above the forming drill bit support welding.

[0067] Further, the water injection system mainly consists of a water tank, a water pump, a water flow control cam 4-1, a solenoid valve 4-2, a flow guide cover 4-3, a bearing 4-4, a control rod 4-5, etc. Among them, the water tank is not shown in the figure. The water flow control cam 4-1 is spline-connected to the third output shaft. The water flow control cam 4-1 is in high-profile contact with the bearing 4-4. The bearing 4-3 is connected to a control rod 4-5. The control rod 4-5 controls the solenoid valve 4-2, and further controls the water flow of the water tank through the solenoid valve 4-2. When the water flow control cam 4-1 makes a rotational movement, the control rod moves together, realizing the on-off control of the solenoid valve 4-2. The flow guide cover is fixed below the forming drill bit support welding and is coaxial with the forming drill bit. The water inlet of the flow guide cover is connected to the water tank through a pipeline.

[0068] Further, the seedling planting device 5 mainly consists of a seedling tray assembly 5-1, a seedling receiving port 5-2, a slideway 5-3, a transmission mechanism 5-4, a connecting shaft 5-5, a transmission gear 5-6, and seedling cups 5-7. The connecting shaft 5-5 is connected to the second output shaft 2-1-9-7 of the gear transmission box. The second output shaft 2-1-9-7 drives the connecting shaft 5-5, the connecting shaft 5-5 connects the transmission mechanism 5-4, and the transmission mechanism 5-4 drives the seedling tray assembly 5-1 to rotate through the transmission gear 5-6. A circle of seedling cups 5-7 is arranged on the seedling tray assembly 5-1. The upper part of the slideway 5-3 is the seedling receiving port 5-2. The slideway 5-3 is formed by connecting two chutes with bolts. The seedling tray assembly 5-1 is connected to the duckbill planter 6 through the slideway 5-3.

[0069] Further, the duckbill planter 6 is connected to the machine frame by bolts and is connected to the seedling tray assembly through the slideway 5-3 and the seedling receiving port. The duckbill planter 6 includes two symmetrically arranged flaps, and one of the flaps is connected to the third connecting rod 3-7 through a connecting rope, so as to control the opening and closing of the duckbill.

[0070] The above-mentioned adjustable parallel walking chassis is equipped with a gearbox with a non-circular gear structure, a multi-rod mechanism for digging well cellars, and a seedling planting device. These three are the main key components of the transplanter, which can realize the adjustment of transplanting speed and plant spacing, well cellar making, conveying and planting of crop seedlings, improve the operation efficiency, and can replace the traditional operation method of relying on manual carrying of the machine and holding a hole punching device, thus improving the mechanization level and planting scale of tobacco planting. By pushing and pulling the adjustment handle 2-1-8-4, the seventh gear 2-1-8-3 can be respectively switched and meshed with the third gear 2-1-7-2, the fourth gear 2-1-7-3, and the fifth gear 2-1-7-4 to realize the adjustment of different plant spacings. At the same time, the planting speed can be adjusted by controlling the throttle of the machine.

[0071] Through the interaction of the sprocket-non-circular gear system, the multi-rod mechanism for digging well cellars, and the compound cam, the speed of the well cellar forming drill bit during the process of entering and exiting the soil is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the speed of the walking chassis. During the well cellar making process, the well cellar forming drill bit maintains a zero speed state in the horizontal direction and forms a well cellar with a uniform diameter in the vertical direction. Subsequently, the same action is repeated to enter the production of the next well cellar.

[0072] The deflector is installed on the well cellar forming drill bit, and water flows out along the well cellar forming drill bit from the deflector, and the water evenly and quickly wets the inner side of the well cellar, reaching the soil humidity for well cellar formation, ensuring that the well cellar formed does not collapse. At the same time, the formed well cellar provides suitable temperature and moisture for the crop seedlings, improving the survival rate and survival quality of the crop seedlings.

[0073] During the production process of the well cellars, the duckbill planter is in an open state under the action of the compound cam, and at this time, the crop seedlings fall into the well cellars. By adjusting the position of the duckbill planter relative to the well cellar forming drill bit and stretching or shortening the length of the seedling dropping chute, the requirements for different plant spacings can be met.

[0074] For the mode of transplanting crop seedlings on the film, on the prepared tobacco ridges covered with film, the wheels on both sides of the transplanter are respectively placed in the furrows, and the well cellar forming drill bit is located on the center line of the tobacco ridge. On the one hand, the power of the engine is transmitted to the ground wheel through the chain drive to promote the machine to move forward, and on the other hand, it drives components such as the multi-rod mechanism for making well cellars and the seedling dropping device through the gear transmission box.

[0075] Under the action of the sprocket-non-circular gear system, during the forward movement of the transplanter, the well cellar forming drill bit realizes intermittent vertical up-and-down soil penetration movement. Under the action of the water injection system, the water flows along the guide cover and acts on the drill bit and the soil, playing a role in shaping the inner wall of the well cellar. The crop seedlings are manually placed into the seedling cups. As the seedling tray rotates, the crop seedlings regularly fall into the chute and then slide into the duckbill planter. The duckbill realizes regular seedling dropping following the rhythm of the hole forming drill bit entering the soil, and the crop seedlings completely fall into the interior of the already made well cellar. Under the action of the gear transmission box shifting speed regulation system, by operating the adjustment handle, the switching of the forward speed and the switching of the transplanting plant spacing can be realized.

[0076] During the operation process, the monitoring panel installed on the armrest can display in real time the water volume in the water tank, the water output of the guide cover, the seedling leakage rate, and whether the self-propelled chassis walks straight along the ridge fed back by the intelligent monitoring device. The water output of the guide cover and the walking of the self-propelled chassis can be automatically adjusted or manually adjusted.

[0077] Finally, it should also be noted that relative terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0078] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine for digging wells, filling water and transplanting seedlings in hilly and mountainous areas, characterized by: The gear transmission box is installed in front of the parallel walking chassis, and its input end is connected with the transmission shaft on the parallel walking chassis, and the gear transmission box includes a gear shifting and speed regulation system and a sprocket-non-circular gear system; the gear shifting and speed regulation system adjusts the speed of the first output shaft, and the first output shaft drives the second output shaft through a pair of bevel gears, and the second output shaft is perpendicular to the first output shaft; and the first output shaft drives the third output shaft through a sprocket and a pair of non-circular gears, and the third output shaft is parallel to the first output shaft; wherein the first output shaft and the third output shaft are connected with the well-drilling multi-rod mechanism, and the well-drilling multi-rod mechanism is connected with the water injection system and the forming drill bit; the second output shaft is connected with the seedling throwing device, and the seedling throwing device is connected with the duck-bill planter; the well-drilling multi-rod mechanism is arranged between the two walking wheels of the parallel walking chassis; the duck-bill planter is arranged at the rear and lower part of the parallel walking chassis; The gear transmission box is composed of a gear shifting and speed regulating system and a sprocket-non-circular gear system. The gear shifting and speed regulating system is mainly used to realize power transmission on the one hand and to adjust the transplanting speed on the other hand. The sprocket-noncircular gear system consists of a fourth sprocket, an eighth gear, a fifth transmission shaft, a ninth gear, a first noncircular gear, a sixth transmission shaft, a second noncircular gear, and a third output shaft, wherein the third sprocket and the fourth sprocket are driven by a chain, the fourth sprocket is coaxially connected to the eighth gear, the eighth gear is meshed with the ninth gear, the ninth gear is coaxially connected to the first noncircular gear, the first noncircular gear is meshed with the second noncircular gear, and the second noncircular gear is installed on the third output shaft. The function of the sprocket-noncircular gear system is mainly to enable the well-cellar forming drill bit to achieve intermittent vertical up and down movement into the soil during the forward movement of the transplanter; Among them, the water injection system is connected to the drill bit of the multi-rod mechanism of the well cellar; the water injection system is composed of a water tank, a water pump, a water flow control cam, a solenoid valve, a guide cover, a bearing, and a control rod, wherein the water flow control cam is spline-connected to the third output shaft, the water flow control cam is in contact with the high pair of the bearing, the bearing is connected to a control rod, the control rod controls the solenoid valve, and then controls the water flow in the water tank through the solenoid valve; the guide cover is fixed below the support welding of the formed drill bit and maintains coaxiality with the formed drill bit, and the water inlet of the guide cover is connected to the water tank through a pipeline.

2. The well-drilling, water-filling, seedling-planting machine for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seedling throwing device is located at the upper rear of the parallel walking chassis and is connected to the second output shaft of the gear transmission box through a transmission shaft; the duckbill planter is connected to the seedling throwing device through a slide, and the center line of the duckbill planter and the center line of the well pit multi-rod mechanism are in the same vertical plane and parallel to the travel direction of the machine.

3. The well-drilling, water-filling, seedling-planting machine for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-rod mechanism for drilling a well pit includes a first rocking arm, a second rocking arm, a third rocking arm, a crank, a first connecting rod, a second connecting rod, a third connecting rod, a well pit forming drill bit bracket, a micro motor and a forming drill bit; wherein one end of the first rocking arm is hinged to the first output shaft, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting rod; one end of the second rocking arm is hinged to one side of the gearbox housing through an axis, and the other end is hinged to the first connecting rod; one end of the third rocking arm is hinged to the other side of the gearbox housing through an axis, and the other end is hinged to the well pit forming drill bit bracket; one end of the crank is fixedly connected to the third output shaft, and the other end is hinged to the second connecting rod; the remaining two hinge points of the first connecting rod are respectively connected to the well pit forming drill bit bracket and the third connecting rod; the forming drill bit is connected to the micro motor, wherein the forming drill bit is arranged below the forming drill bit support weld, and the micro motor is arranged above the forming drill bit support weld.

4. The well-drilling, water-filling, seedling-planting machine for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The well cellar forming drill bit support is composed of a first support rod, a second support rod, a third support rod, a cylindrical rod, a connecting handle, and a forming drill bit support welded together; the remaining two hinge points of the first connecting rod are respectively connected to the first support rod, the second support rod and the third connecting rod, wherein the first support rod and the third connecting rod are at the same hinge point, and the second support rod and the second rocker are at the same hinge point; the other ends of the first support rod and the second support rod are respectively hinged to the forming drill bit support welded together, one end of the third support rod is hinged to the third rocker, and the other end is hinged to the forming drill bit support welded together, wherein the second support rod and the third support rod are fixedly connected by the cylindrical rod, the cylindrical rod is welded to the connecting handle, one end of the second connecting rod is hinged to the crank, and the other end is hinged to the connecting handle.

5. The well-drilling, water-filling, seedling-planting machine for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a composite cam, which is formed by welding two cams with different structures according to a set phase angle.

6. The well-drilling, water-filling, seedling-planting machine for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 5, characterized in that: The compound cam is spline-connected to the first output shaft, one cam of the compound cam contacts the second rocker arm through a bearing high pair, and the other cam contacts the third connecting rod through a bearing high pair; the first output shaft drives the two cams to rotate, and the two cams respectively drive the second rocker arm and the third connecting rod to swing.

7. The well-drilling, water-filling, seedling-planting machine for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 3, characterized in that: The seedling planting device consists of a seedling tray assembly, a seedling receiving port, a slide, a transmission mechanism, a connecting shaft, a transmission gear, and a seedling cup, wherein the connecting shaft is connected to the second output shaft of the gear transmission box; the connecting shaft is connected to the transmission mechanism, and the transmission mechanism drives the seedling tray assembly to rotate through the transmission gear. A circle of seedling cups is arranged on the seedling tray assembly, and the upper part of the slide is the seedling receiving port, and the slide is connected to the duckbill planter.

8. The well-drilling, water-filling, seedling-planting machine for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 7, characterized in that: The duckbill planter is connected to the frame, connected to the seedling tray assembly through a slide and a seedling receiving port, and connected to the third connecting rod through a connecting rope to control the opening and closing of the duckbill.

9. The well-drilling, water-filling, seedling-planting machine for hilly and mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position of the duckbill planter on the paralleling walking chassis is adjusted according to the plant spacing.

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