Cabbage harvesting device

Abstract

The invention discloses a cabbage harvesting device which comprises a double-helix pulling mechanism, a seedling pulling mechanism, a rack, a floating clamping and conveying mechanism, a double-disc root cutting mechanism and a root clamping and limiting mechanism. The double-helix pulling mechanism is installed below the front portion of the machine frame, and the seedling pulling mechanism is located above the double-helix pulling mechanism. The floating clamping and conveying mechanism is located behind the seedling pulling mechanism, the root clamping and limiting mechanism is located below the floating clamping and conveying mechanism, and the double-disc root cutting mechanism is installed on the rack and located below the rear portion of the root clamping and limiting mechanism. The double-helix pulling mechanism is used for pulling cabbages, the seedling pulling mechanism is used for assisting the cabbages in entering the floating clamping and conveying mechanism, the floating clamping and conveying mechanism is used for conveying the pulled cabbages backwards, and the root clamping and limiting mechanism is used for dragging cabbage rosettes. The double-disc root cutting mechanism is used for cutting off the roots of the cabbages clamped by the floating clamping and conveying mechanism and the root clamping and limiting mechanism. Damage to cabbages in the harvesting process is reduced, and the adaptability of the harvesting device to different cabbage varieties is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a cabbage harvesting device. Background Art

[0002] Cabbage is the main vegetable crop in my country. It is planted in most areas of my country in all seasons, with a wide cultivation area and high yield. At present, cabbage is still mainly harvested manually, and labor costs account for about 50% of production costs. The existing cabbage harvester mainly adopts two schemes: top pressing and pulling roller harvesting. A shovel-type pulling device or a double-screw pulling device is used to complete the pulling of cabbage. The conveyor belt clamps the cabbage or the top pressing device presses the cabbage, and on this basis, the root cutting of the cabbage is completed.

[0003] The disadvantages of existing cabbage harvesters are as follows:

[0004] 1. The cabbage posture changes due to the failure of the pulling device, the posture change when entering the clamping device, the posture change during the conveyor belt clamping process, and the conveyor belt clamping root cutting. The existing cabbage harvester lacks subsequent posture adjustment devices, which leads to cabbage root damage; 2. Most cabbage harvesters are only designed for individual varieties, with few adjustable structures, and it is difficult to adapt to the harvesting needs of different cabbages. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a cabbage harvesting device, which reduces the damage of cabbage during harvesting and improves the adaptability of the harvesting device to different cabbage varieties.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A cabbage harvesting device comprises a double-screw pulling mechanism, a weed pulling mechanism, a frame, a floating clamping and conveying mechanism, a double-disc root cutting mechanism and a root clamping and limiting mechanism;

[0008] The double-screw extracting mechanism is installed at the front lower part of the frame, the reed-pulling mechanism is installed at the front part of the frame and is located above the double-screw extracting mechanism; the floating clamping and conveying mechanism is installed on the frame and is located behind the reed-pulling mechanism, the root clamping and limiting mechanism is installed on the frame and is located below the floating clamping and conveying mechanism, and the double-disc root cutting mechanism is installed on the frame and is located behind and below the root clamping and limiting mechanism;

[0009] The double-screw pulling mechanism is used to pull out the cabbage, the weeding mechanism is used to assist the cabbage to enter the floating clamping and conveying mechanism, the floating clamping and conveying mechanism is used to convey the pulled cabbage backwards, the root clamping and limiting mechanism is used to hold the cabbage rosette, and the double-disc root cutting mechanism is used to cut off the cabbage root clamped by the floating clamping and conveying mechanism and the root clamping and limiting mechanism.

[0010] In the above scheme, the double-screw extraction mechanism includes an extraction roller, a bearing seat, an L-shaped mounting plate, a mounting plate, a parallel-axis reduction motor, and a plum blossom coupling;

[0011] The pulling rollers are arranged in pairs, and the parallel-axis reduction motor is connected to the shaft at the rear end of the pulling roller through a plum blossom coupling, and the shaft at the rear end of the pulling roller is installed in the bearing seat; the bearing seat is installed on the L-shaped mounting plate, and the L-shaped mounting plate is provided with an oblong groove, and the bearing seat is connected to the oblong groove through bolts. By adjusting the position of the connection between the bearing seat and the oblong groove, the relative installation position of the bearing seat and the L-shaped mounting plate can be changed to adjust the position between the two pulling rollers to adapt to cabbages of different sizes; the L-shaped mounting plate and the mounting plate have two vertically arranged oblong grooves on the side, which are connected by bolts. Through the oblong grooves, the relative installation position of the L-shaped mounting plate and the mounting plate can be changed to adjust the height of the pulling roller from the ground; when in use, it is necessary to first adjust the distance between the two pulling rollers according to the size of the harvested cabbage, which is conducive to the cabbages of different sizes being smoothly pulled by the pulling rollers.

[0012] In the above scheme, the reel mechanism includes a reel plate, an L-shaped reduction motor, a reel wheel, a first mounting frame, a second mounting frame, a floating mounting plate, and a bearing seat;

[0013] A first rotating shaft is provided in the middle of the reel, one end of the first rotating shaft is connected to the output shaft of the L-type reduction motor, and the other end is installed on the bearing seat. The L-type reduction motor and the bearing seat are respectively installed on both sides of the front end of the first mounting frame, and the rear end of the first mounting frame can be slidably sleeved in one end of the second mounting frame, and the front and rear positions can be adjusted by tightening the screws; the other end of the second mounting frame is installed on one end of the floating mounting plate through a pin, and the other end of the floating mounting plate is installed on the harvesting part connecting frame of the frame.

[0014] Furthermore, one end of the floating mounting plate is provided with a plurality of pairs of through holes along the edge, and the other end of the second mounting frame can be selectively mounted on the through hole of the floating mounting plate through a pin, and the hole position of the second mounting frame on the floating mounting plate is adjusted so that the lowest point of the reed plate can be close to the lower end surface of the conveyor belt.

[0015] Furthermore, the frame includes a harvesting part connecting frame, a second rotating shaft, a horizontal external spherical bearing seat and a control part connecting frame, the two ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively installed in two horizontal external spherical bearing seats, the horizontal external spherical bearing seat is installed on the control part connecting frame, and the harvesting part connecting frame is installed on the second rotating shaft through U-shaped bolts; the double-spiral extraction mechanism, the weeding mechanism, the frame, the floating clamping and conveying mechanism, the double-disc root cutting mechanism and the root clamping and limiting mechanism are respectively installed on the harvesting part connecting frame.

[0016] In the above scheme, the floating clamping conveying mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged floating clamping conveying units, each of which includes a conveyor belt, a tensioning arm assembly, an L-shaped reduction motor, a driving roller mounting seat, a threaded rod, a spring fixing sheet, a driven roller and a driving roller;

[0017] The L-shaped reduction motor is installed on the active roller mounting seat and connected to the active roller to drive the active roller to rotate. The active roller mounting seat and the tensioning arm assembly are respectively installed on the harvesting part connecting frame of the frame. The driven roller is welded to the harvesting part connecting frame. The conveyor belt is installed on the driven roller and the active roller. The tensioning arm assemblies of the two floating clamping conveying units are relatively arranged on the inner side of the harvesting part connecting frame of the frame and are in contact with the conveyor belt respectively. The spring fixing plate is installed on the threaded rod. One end of the spring is connected to the tensioning arm assembly, and the other end is connected to the spring fixing plate. Changing the installation position of the spring fixing plate on the screw rod can change the pre-tightening force of the tensioning arm assembly on the conveyor belt, thereby adapting to different varieties of cabbage.

[0018] In the above scheme, the double disc root cutting mechanism includes a motor mounting plate, a cutter disc, a flange, a bearing seat mounting plate, a transmission assembly, a first transmission shaft, an elastic plum blossom coupling and an arc cone right angle reduction motor;

[0019] The two cutter discs are arranged opposite to each other and partially overlap, the cutter discs are mounted on the flange, the flange is mounted on the transmission device assembly, and the two transmission device assemblies are respectively mounted on the motor mounting plate and the bearing seat mounting plate; the two transmission device assemblies are respectively connected to the first transmission shaft, one end of the first transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft of the arc cone right-angle reduction motor through an elastic plum blossom coupling, and the other end is connected to the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is mounted on the bearing seat mounting plate.

[0020] Furthermore, the motor mounting plate and the bearing seat mounting plate are respectively provided with transversely arranged long circular grooves, and the flange is connected to the transmission device assembly through the long circular grooves on the motor mounting plate and the bearing seat mounting plate. Adjusting the position of the flange in the long circular groove can change the overlap amount of the two cutter discs.

[0021] In the above scheme, the root clamping limiting mechanism includes two symmetrically arranged root clamping limiting units, a root clamping driving wheel mounting plate assembly, a root clamping driving wheel, a double-sided toothed synchronous belt, a frame mounting plate assembly, a guide rod, a root clamping frame assembly, a root clamping floating clamping assembly and a root clamping driven wheel;

[0022] The root clamp driving wheel is installed on the root clamp driving wheel mounting plate assembly, the root clamp floating clamp assembly, the guide rod and the root clamp driven wheel are respectively installed on the root clamp frame assembly, and the double-sided toothed synchronous belt is installed on the root clamp driving wheel and the root clamp driven wheel; the root clamp driving wheel is a toothed design, the root clamp driving wheel meshes with the inner side of the double-sided toothed synchronous belt, the root clamp floating clamp assembly is located below the guide rod, and is located in the loop of the double-sided toothed synchronous belt and contacts with the inner side of the double-sided toothed synchronous belt. The root clamp floating clamp assembly of the two root clamp limit units The two outer sides of the two double-sided toothed synchronous belts are meshed with each other, and the two guide rods form a conveying channel. The guide rods are tilted upward from front to back and form an angle with the double-sided toothed synchronous belts. The root clamping frame assembly is installed on the frame mounting plate assembly, and the frame mounting plate assembly is installed on the frame. An oblong groove is provided on the L-shaped plate connecting the guide rod and the root clamping frame assembly. By adjusting the connection position of the root clamping frame assembly and the oblong groove on the L-shaped plate, the distance between the two guide rods can be adjusted to change the size of the channel to adapt to different varieties of cabbage.

[0023] Furthermore, it also includes an arc-cone right-angle reduction motor;

[0024] The two root clamping driving wheels are respectively connected to the second transmission shaft, the output shaft of the arc cone right angle reduction motor is connected to one end of the second transmission shaft, and the arc cone right angle reduction motor drives the two root clamping driving wheels to rotate through the second transmission shaft.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention utilizes a double-screw extracting mechanism for extracting, a floating clamping and conveying mechanism for clamping and conveying, and uses two guide rails of a clamping and limiting mechanism for limiting, thereby reducing damage to the cabbage during harvesting, improving the adaptability of the harvesting device to different cabbage varieties, and effectively solving the problem that the current cabbage harvester has a relatively single harvest variety and the root cutting device damages the cabbage.

[0027] 2. The front and rear and left and right installation positions of the extraction roller of the present invention can be adjusted with two degrees of freedom. The floating clamping and conveying mechanism can change the tension and the opening size through the spring. The spacing of the root clamping limit mechanism is adjustable, so that the cabbage harvester can adapt to the harvesting operations of cabbages of multiple varieties and different sizes, thereby having better variety adaptability.

[0028] 3. The double-sided toothed synchronous belt of the present invention forms an angle with the guide rod. When the cabbage moves backward, it will be pulled downward by the double-sided toothed synchronous belt and tightly adhere to the guide rod. The floating amount of the best root cutting position of each cabbage will be reduced, and the root cutting effect will be better.

[0029] 4. The root clamping and limiting mechanism of the present invention clamps the cabbage rosette through a pair of meshing double-sided toothed synchronous belts, so that cabbage rosettes of different varieties and sizes are tightly attached to the two guide rods, thereby greatly reducing the deviation of the optimal cutting position of the cabbage and greatly improving the root cutting qualification rate. The double-sided toothed synchronous belt has better transmission performance than the traditional belt and can avoid slipping during the working process.

[0030] 5. The present invention adopts a double-sided toothed synchronous belt and a conveyor belt for synchronous clamping, thereby avoiding the problem of root damage caused by only using a conveyor belt for unilateral force during the root cutting process, and avoiding posture changes during the root cutting process of the cabbage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a cabbage harvesting device according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cabbage harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present invention (some parts are hidden);

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a double-screw extraction mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a pulling roller according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 5 It is a schematic structural diagram of a reel-pulling mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of a rack structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a floating clamping device installed on a harvesting part connecting frame according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Side view (conveyor belt hidden);

[0039] Fig. 9 It is a schematic structural diagram of a double disc root cutting mechanism according to one embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Fig.10 It is a schematic structural diagram of a root clamping limiting mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Among them: 1. Double spiral extraction mechanism; 1-1. Extraction roller; 1-2. Bearing seat; 1-3. L-shaped mounting plate; 1-4. Mounting plate; 1-5. Parallel shaft reduction motor; 1-6. Plum blossom coupling; 2. Reeding mechanism; 2-1. Reeding plate; 2-2. L-shaped reduction motor; 2-3. Reed wheel; 2-4. First mounting frame; 2-5. Second mounting frame; 2-6. Floating mounting plate; 2-7. Bearing seat; 3. Frame; 3-1. Harvesting section connecting frame; 3-2. Rotating shaft; 3-3. Horizontal spherical bearing seat; 3-4. Control section connecting frame; 4. Floating clamping conveying mechanism; 4-1. Conveyor belt; 4-2. Tensioning arm assembly; 4-3. L-shaped reduction motor; 4-4. Active roller mounting seat; 4-5, threaded rod; 4-6, spring fixing plate; 4-7, driven roller; 4-8, active roller; 5, double disc root cutting mechanism; 5-1, motor mounting plate; 5-2, cutter disc; 5-3, flange; 5-4, bearing seat mounting plate; 5-5, transmission assembly; 5-6, elastic plum blossom coupling; 5-7, arc cone right angle reduction motor; 6, root clamping limiting mechanism; 6-1, root clamping driving wheel mounting plate assembly; 6-2, root clamping driving wheel; 6-3, double-sided tooth synchronous belt; 6-4, frame mounting plate assembly; 6-5, guide rod; 6-6, root clamping frame assembly; 6-7, root clamping floating clamping assembly; 6-8, root clamping driven wheel; 6-9, arc cone right angle reduction motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0043] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "front", "back", "left", "right", "up", "down", "axial", "radial", "vertical", "horizontal", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate positions or positional relationships based on the positions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0044] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0045] Figure 1 and 2 The figure shows a specific embodiment of the cabbage harvesting device of the present invention, which comprises a double-screw pulling mechanism 1, a weeding mechanism 2, a frame 3, a floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4, a double-disc root cutting mechanism 5 and a root clamping and limiting mechanism 6;

[0046] The double-screw extracting mechanism 1 is installed at the front lower part of the frame 3, the reed-pulling mechanism 2 is installed at the front part of the frame 3 and is located above the double-screw extracting mechanism 1; the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4 is installed on the frame 3 and is located behind the reed-pulling mechanism 2, the root clamping and limiting mechanism 6 is installed on the frame 3 and is located below the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4, and the double-disc root cutting mechanism 5 is installed on the frame 3 and is located behind and below the root clamping and limiting mechanism 6. The double-screw extracting mechanism 1 is used to extract cabbage, the reed-pulling mechanism 2 is used to assist the cabbage to enter the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4, the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4 is used to transport the extracted cabbage backwards, the root clamping and limiting mechanism 6 is used to extract the cabbage that is not completely off the ground and tightly clamp its root, the root clamping and limiting mechanism 6 is used to drag the cabbage rosette, and the double-disc root cutting mechanism 5 is used to cut off the cabbage root clamped by the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4 and the root clamping and limiting mechanism 6.

[0047] The double-screw pulling mechanism 1 is used to straighten and pull the cabbage, and make it enter the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4 in a suitable posture as much as possible; the weeding mechanism 2 is used to give the pulled cabbage a backward force, so that it can smoothly enter the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4; the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4 is used to convey the pulled cabbage backward, which is conducive to the completion of the subsequent limiting and root cutting operations; the double-disc root cutting mechanism 5 is used for the root clamping mechanism to pull the cabbage that is not completely off the ground and clamp its roots tightly; the root clamping and limiting mechanism 6 drags the cabbage rosette through the meshing double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3, so that the cabbage rosettes of different varieties and sizes are tightly attached to the two guide rods 6-5, thereby greatly reducing the deviation of the optimal cutting position of the cabbage and reducing the cabbage cutting damage. By changing the installation position of the pulling roller 1-1, the tension and opening size of the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4, and the relative distance of the double guide rods 6-5, it can adapt to the mechanical harvesting operation of cabbages of different varieties and sizes, so as to have better variety adaptability.

[0048] like Figure 3 As shown, the double-screw extraction mechanism 1 includes an extraction roller 1-1, a bearing seat 1-2, an L-shaped mounting plate 1-3, a mounting plate 1-4, a parallel shaft reduction motor 1-5, and a plum blossom coupling 1-6;

[0049] The extraction rollers 1-1 are arranged in pairs, and the parallel shaft reduction motor 1-5 is connected to the shaft at the rear end of the extraction roller 1-1 through a plum blossom coupling 1-6. The shaft at the rear end of the extraction roller 1-1 is installed in a bearing seat 1-2. Two double-row roller bearings are arranged in the bearing seat 1-2, so that the extraction roller can rotate smoothly; the bearing seat 1-2 is installed on an L-shaped mounting plate 1-3, and an oblong groove is arranged on the L-shaped mounting plate 1-3. The bearing seat 1-2 is connected to the oblong groove by bolts. By adjusting the position where the bearing seat 1-2 is connected to the oblong groove, the connection between the bearing seat 1-2 and the oblong groove can be changed. The relative installation position of the L-shaped mounting plate 1-3 is used to adjust the position between the two pulling rollers 1-1 to adapt to cabbages of different sizes; the L-shaped mounting plate 1-3 and the mounting plate 1-4 have two oblong grooves on their sides, which are connected by bolts. The oblong grooves can change the relative installation position of the L-shaped mounting plate 1-3 and the mounting plate 1-4 up and down to adjust the height of the pulling roller 1-1 from the ground; when in use, it is necessary to first adjust the distance between the two pulling rollers 1-1 according to the size of the harvested cabbages, so that cabbages of different sizes can be smoothly pulled by the pulling roller 1-1.

[0050] The double-helix extraction mechanism appears in pairs, and the surface of the extraction roller needs to be polished smooth to reduce friction. The head of the extraction roller is solid and pointed, so that when the machine walks close to the ground, it will not be squeezed by the undulating ridge surface, which will affect the harvesting effect.

[0051] The surface of the pulling roller 1-1 is smooth, thereby reducing friction; the head of the pulling roller 1-1 is a solid cone, so that when the machine moves close to the ground, it will not be squeezed by the undulating ridge surface, which will affect the harvesting effect. When the pulling roller is installed, the bottom surface is flush with the ground, and the openings of the two pulling rollers 1-1 are 20°. Figure 4 shown.

[0052] The front and back, left and right installation positions of the pulling roller 1-1 can be adjusted with two degrees of freedom. The floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4 can change the tension and the opening size through a spring. The root clamping limit mechanism 6 can be adjusted in spacing and in the up and down directions from the position of the cutting knife. Through the adjustment of these mechanisms, the cabbage harvester can adapt to the harvesting operations of cabbages of multiple varieties and different sizes, thereby having better variety adaptability.

[0053] like Figure 5 As shown, the reel mechanism 2 includes a reel plate 2-1, an L-shaped reduction motor 2-2, a reel wheel 2-3, a first mounting frame 2-4, a second mounting frame 2-5, a floating mounting plate 2-6, and a bearing seat 2-7;

[0054] A first rotating shaft is provided in the middle of the reel 2-3, one end of the first rotating shaft is connected to the output shaft of the L-type reduction motor 2-2, and the other end is mounted on the bearing seat 2-7. The L-type reduction motor 2-2 and the bearing seat 2-7 are respectively mounted on both sides of the front end of the first mounting frame 2-4 by bolts, and the rear end of the first mounting frame 2-4 can be slidably sleeved in one end of the second mounting frame 2-5, and the front and rear positions can be adjusted by tightening the screws; the other end of the second mounting frame 2-5 is mounted on one end of the floating mounting plate 2-6 by a pin, and the other end of the floating mounting plate 2-6 is mounted on the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 of the frame 3. The reel plate 2-1 uses a high-strength and high-elasticity beef tendon plate, so that it is not easy to bend each time the cabbage is plowed, and a greater driving force can be given. Preferably, the bearing seat 2-7 is a small micro bearing seat.

[0055] The reel 2 - 3 is installed at the opening of the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 , and when the cabbage is pulled up and is about to enter the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 , a backward thrust is given to prevent the cabbage from being stuck at the entrance of the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 .

[0056] One end of the floating mounting plate 2-6 is provided with a plurality of pairs of through holes along the edge, and the other end of the second mounting frame 2-5 can be selectively mounted on the through holes of the floating mounting plate 2-6 through a pin, and the hole position of the second mounting frame 2-5 on the floating mounting plate 2-6 is adjusted so that the lowest point of the reeling board 2-1 can be close to the lower end surface of the conveyor belt 4-1.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, the frame 3 includes a harvesting part connecting frame 3-1, a second rotating shaft 3-2, a horizontal outer spherical bearing seat 3-3 and a control part connecting frame 3-4, the two ends of the second rotating shaft 3-2 are respectively installed in two horizontal outer spherical bearing seats 3-3, the horizontal outer spherical bearing seat 3-3 is installed on the control part connecting frame 3-4 by bolts, and the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 is installed on the second rotating shaft 3-2 by U-shaped bolts; the double spiral extraction mechanism 1, the weeding mechanism 2, the frame 3, the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4, the double disc root cutting mechanism 5 and the clamping root limiting mechanism 6 are respectively installed on the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1, and the angle between the harvesting part and the ground needs to be changed by the tractor three-point suspension device during harvesting. Ideally, the angle between the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 and the ground is 20°. The control part connecting frame 3-4 is used to install subsequent control modules, such as drivers, switching power supplies, circuit breakers, step-down modules, etc.

[0058] like Figure 7 , 8As shown, the floating clamping conveying mechanism 4 includes two symmetrically arranged floating clamping conveying units, each of which includes a conveying belt 4-1, a tensioning arm assembly 4-2, an L-shaped reduction motor 4-3, an active roller mounting seat 4-4, a threaded rod 4-5, a spring fixing sheet 4-6, a driven roller 4-7 and an active roller 4-8;

[0059] The L-shaped reduction motor 4-3 provides a power source, is installed on the active roller mounting seat 4-4 by bolts, and is connected to the active roller 4-8, driving the active roller 4-8 to rotate, the active roller mounting seat 4-4 and the tensioning arm assembly 4-2 are respectively installed on the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 of the frame 3 by bolts, the driven roller 4-7 is welded on the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1, the conveyor belt 4-1 is installed on the driven roller 4-7 and the active roller 4-8, the tensioning arm assemblies 4-2 of the two floating clamping conveying units are relatively arranged on the inner side of the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 of the frame 3, and are respectively in contact with the conveyor belt 4-1, the spring fixing plate 4-6 is installed on the threaded rod 4-5, one end of the spring is connected to the tensioning arm assembly 4-2, and the other end is connected to the spring fixing plate 4-6, changing the installation position of the spring fixing plate 4-6 on the screw rod 4-5 can change the pre-tightening force of the tensioning arm assembly 4-2 on the conveyor belt 4-1, thereby adapting to different varieties of cabbage.

[0060] Preferably, the conveyor belt 4-1 is made of 3 mm thick PVC diamond pattern. The uneven diamond pattern on the surface allows the cabbage to be clamped more firmly during the clamping process, avoiding slipping.

[0061] like Fig. 9 As shown, the double-disc root cutting mechanism 5 includes a motor mounting plate 5-1, a cutter disc 5-2, a flange 5-3, a bearing seat mounting plate 5-4, a transmission device assembly 5-5, a first transmission shaft, an elastic plum blossom coupling 5-6 and an arc-cone right-angle reduction motor 5-7.

[0062] The two cutter discs 5-2 are arranged opposite to each other and partially overlap. The cutter discs 5-2 are mounted on the flange 5-3 by bolts, and the flange 5-3 is mounted on the transmission device assembly 5-5. The two transmission device assemblies 5-5 are respectively mounted on the motor mounting plate 5-1 and the bearing seat mounting plate 5-4; the two transmission device assemblies 5-5 are respectively connected to the first transmission shaft, one end of the first transmission shaft is connected to the output shaft of the arc cone right angle reduction motor 5-7 through the elastic plum blossom coupling 5-6, and the other end is connected to the bearing seat, and the bearing seat is mounted on the bearing seat mounting plate 5-4.

[0063] The motor mounting plate 5-1 and the bearing seat mounting plate 5-4 are respectively provided with transversely arranged long circular grooves, and the flange 5-3 is connected to the transmission device assembly 5-5 through the long circular grooves on the motor mounting plate 5-1 and the bearing seat mounting plate 5-4. By adjusting the position of the flange 5-3 in the long circular groove, the overlap of the two cutter discs 5-2 can be changed, which is conducive to ensuring that the overlap is larger than the diameter of the cabbage root, so that there is no cross section when it is cut. Preferably, the overlap of the cutter is changed to 20-30mm. Preferably, the first transmission shaft is a hexagonal transmission shaft.

[0064] like Fig.10 As shown, the root clamping limiting mechanism 6 includes two symmetrically arranged root clamping limiting units, a root clamping driving wheel mounting plate assembly 6-1, a root clamping driving wheel 6-2, a double-sided toothed synchronous belt 6-3, a frame mounting plate assembly 6-4, a guide rod 6-5, a root clamping frame assembly 6-6, a root clamping floating clamping assembly 6-7 and a root clamping driven wheel 6-8;

[0065] The root clamp driving wheel 6-2 is installed on the root clamp driving wheel mounting plate assembly 6-1, the root clamp floating clamping assembly 6-7, the guide rod 6-5 and the root clamp driven wheel 6-8 are respectively installed on the root clamp frame assembly 6-6 by bolts, and the double-sided toothed synchronous belt 6-3 is installed on the root clamp driving wheel 6-2 and the root clamp driven wheel 6-8; the root clamp driving wheel 6-2 is a toothed design, the root clamp driving wheel 6-2 is meshed with the inner side of the double-sided toothed synchronous belt 6-3, the root clamp floating clamping assembly 6-7 is located below the guide rod 6-5, and is located inside the loop of the double-sided toothed synchronous belt 6-3, and contacts with the inner side of the double-sided toothed synchronous belt 6-3, and the root clamp floating clamping assembly 6-7 of the two root clamp limiting units makes the two double-sided toothed synchronous belts 6-3 relative to the outer sides. The two guide rods 6-5 are meshed side by side to form a conveying channel. The guide rod 6-5 is tilted upward from front to back and forms an angle of 5 to 10° with the double-sided toothed synchronous belt 6-3. When the cabbage moves backward, it will be pulled downward by the double-sided toothed synchronous belt 6-3 and tightly adhere to the guide rod 6-5; the root clamping frame assembly 6-6 is installed on the frame mounting plate assembly 6-4 by bolts, and the frame mounting plate assembly 6-4 is installed on the harvesting part connecting frame 3-1 of the frame 3 by bolts; the L-shaped plate connecting the guide rod 6-5 and the root clamping frame assembly 6-6 is provided with an oblong groove, and by adjusting the connection position of the root clamping frame assembly 6-6 and the oblong groove on the L-shaped plate, the distance between the two guide rods 6-5 can be adjusted to change the size of the channel to adapt to different varieties of cabbage.

[0066] The root clamping limit mechanism 6 also includes an arc cone right angle reduction motor 6-9; two root clamping driving wheels 6-2 are respectively connected to the second transmission shaft, and the output shaft of the arc cone right angle reduction motor 6-9 is connected to one end of the second transmission shaft. The arc cone right angle reduction motor 6-9 drives the two root clamping driving wheels 6-2 to rotate through the second transmission shaft, which is electrically driven, more energy-saving, environmentally friendly and low-pollution. Preferably, the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 is of the T20 series, with a tooth width of 32mm and a pitch of 20mm, which can better clamp the root of the cabbage; in addition, the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 can avoid slipping compared to traditional belts. The root clamping limit mechanism 6 clamps the cabbage rosette through a pair of meshing double-sided tooth synchronous belts 6-3, so that cabbage rosettes of different varieties and sizes are tightly attached to the two guide rods 6-5, thereby greatly reducing the deviation of the optimal cutting position of the cabbage and greatly improving the qualified rate of root cutting.

[0067] The double-sided toothed synchronous belt 6-3 and the conveyor belt 4-1 are clamped synchronously to avoid the problem of only one-sided force on the conveyor belt 4-1 during the root cutting process, thereby avoiding the problem of posture changes during the root cutting process of the cabbage, thereby causing root cutting damage.

[0068] The root clamping belt uses a double-sided toothed synchronous belt 6-3, which has better transmission performance than traditional belts and can avoid slipping during operation. The cabbage harvesting device of this embodiment is a side-suspended design, and the entire machine needs to be suspended on the three-point suspension mechanism of the tractor when working. Before officially carrying out the cabbage harvesting operation, it is first necessary to adjust the tractor's three-point suspension device so that the lower bottom surface of the pulling roller 1-1 is close to the ground; adjust the hole position of the floating mounting plate 2-6 and the position of the first mounting frame 2-4 in the second mounting frame 2-5, so that the lowest point of the plowing plate 2-1 can reach the cabbage to be harvested; adjust the installation position of the spring fixing plate 4-6 on the threaded rod 4-5, so that the clamping force given to the conveyor belt 4-1 by the tensioning arm assembly 4-2 can clamp the cabbage; adjust the spacing of the guide rod 6-5 so that cabbages of different sizes are in the best root cutting position after limiting.

[0069] When the cabbage harvesting operation is officially carried out, the tractor drives the whole machine forward, and a pair of pulling rollers 1-1 rotate in the opposite direction close to the ground. The pair of pulling rollers 1-1 are located in the open space on both sides of the cabbage. As the machine moves forward, the pulling rollers 1-1 pull the cabbage upward, and finally fall into the root clamping limit mechanism 6. At this time, a pair of meshing double-sided toothed synchronous belts 6-3 clamp the root of the cabbage and transport it backward; when it reaches the guide rod 6-5, the double-sided toothed synchronous belt 6-3 clamps the cabbage and transports it backward along the curved surface of the guide rod 6-5. At this time, the bottom of the cabbage falls above the pair of guide rods 6-5, and the double-sided toothed synchronous belt 6-3 is installed on the guide rod 6-5. When the cabbage is moved backward, it will be pulled down by the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 and tightly attached to the guide rod 6-5. Some of the previous steps may cause the cabbage to be clamped in different positions by the conveyor belt. For example, the cabbage is in the middle of the conveyor belt, or lower or upper, or if the cabbage is crooked, it will be pulled down by the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 and the position will be much straighter. The floating amount of the best root cutting position of each cabbage will be reduced, and the root cutting effect will be better. When continuing to be transported backward, the cabbage clamped by the conveyor belt 4-1 and the double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3 completes root cutting at the double disc root cutting mechanism 5.

[0070] The present invention utilizes a double-screw extraction mechanism 1 to extract cabbage, and a weeding mechanism 2 assists the cabbage to enter a floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4. The floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4 conveys the extracted cabbage backwards. The root clamping and limiting mechanism 6 extracts the cabbage that is not completely off the ground and clamps its root tightly. The root clamping and limiting mechanism 6 drags the cabbage rosette through a meshing double-sided tooth synchronous belt 6-3, so that cabbage rosettes of different varieties and sizes are closely attached to two guide rods 6-5, thereby greatly reducing the deviation of the optimal cutting position of the cabbage and reducing the cabbage cutting damage. The present invention can adapt to the mechanical harvesting operation of cabbage of different varieties and sizes by changing the installation position of the extraction roller 1-1, the tension and opening size of the floating clamping and conveying mechanism 4, and the relative distance of the double guide rods 6-5, thereby having better variety adaptability.

[0071] It should be understood that although this specification is described according to various embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment may also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0072] The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or changes that do not deviate from the technical spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cabbage harvesting device, characterized in that: It comprises a double-screw extracting mechanism (1), a weeding mechanism (2), a frame (3), a floating clamping and conveying mechanism (4), a double-disc root cutting mechanism (5) and a root clamping and limiting mechanism (6); The double-screw extracting mechanism (1) is mounted at the front lower part of the frame (3); the weeding mechanism (2) is mounted at the front of the frame (3) and is located above the double-screw extracting mechanism (1); the floating clamping and conveying mechanism (4) is mounted on the frame (3) and is located behind the weeding mechanism (2); the root clamping and limiting mechanism (6) is mounted on the frame (3) and is located below the floating clamping and conveying mechanism (4); and the double-disc root cutting mechanism (5) is mounted on the frame (3) and is located behind and below the root clamping and limiting mechanism (6); The double-screw pulling mechanism (1) is used to pull out the cabbage, the weeding mechanism (2) is used to assist the cabbage to enter the floating clamping and conveying mechanism (4), the floating clamping and conveying mechanism (4) is used to convey the pulled cabbage backwards, the root clamping and limiting mechanism (6) is used to hold the cabbage rosette, and the double-disc root cutting mechanism (5) is used to cut off the cabbage root clamped by the floating clamping and conveying mechanism (4) and the root clamping and limiting mechanism (6).

2. The cabbage harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-screw extraction mechanism (1) comprises an extraction roller (1-1), a bearing seat (1-2), an L-shaped mounting plate (1-3), a mounting plate (1-4), a parallel-axis reduction motor (1-5), and a plum blossom coupling (1-6); The extraction rollers (1-1) are arranged in pairs, the parallel shaft reduction motor (1-5) is connected to the shaft at the rear end of the extraction roller (1-1) via a plum blossom coupling (1-6), and the shaft at the rear end of the extraction roller (1-1) is installed in a bearing seat (1-2); the bearing seat (1-2) is installed on an L-shaped mounting plate (1-3), an oblong groove is provided on the L-shaped mounting plate (1-3), the bearing seat (1-2) is connected to the oblong groove via bolts, and the bearing seat (1-2) is adjusted to be aligned with the oblong groove. The position of the groove connection can change the relative installation position of the bearing seat (1-2) and the L-shaped installation plate (1-3), and is used to adjust the position between the two extraction rollers (1-1); the L-shaped installation plate (1-3) and the installation plate (1-4) have two vertically arranged long circular grooves on their sides, which are connected by bolts. The long circular grooves can change the relative installation position of the L-shaped installation plate (1-3) and the installation plate (1-4) up and down, and are used to adjust the height of the extraction roller (1-1) from the ground.

3. The cabbage harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reel mechanism (2) comprises a reel plate (2-1), an L-shaped reduction motor (2-2), a reel wheel (2-3), a first mounting frame (2-4), a second mounting frame (2-5), a floating mounting plate (2-6), and a bearing seat (2-7); A first rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the reel (2-3), one end of the first rotating shaft is connected to the output shaft of the L-shaped reduction motor (2-2), and the other end is mounted on the bearing seat (2-7). The L-shaped reduction motor (2-2) and the bearing seat (2-7) are respectively mounted on both sides of the front end of the first mounting frame (2-4). The rear end of the first mounting frame (2-4) can be slidably sleeved in one end of the second mounting frame (2-5), and the front and rear positions can be adjusted by tightening the screws. The other end of the second mounting frame (2-5) is mounted on one end of the floating mounting plate (2-6) through a pin, and the other end of the floating mounting plate (2-6) is mounted on the harvesting part connecting frame (3-1) of the frame (3).

4. The cabbage harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: One end of the floating mounting plate (2-6) is provided with a plurality of pairs of through holes along the edge, and the other end of the second mounting frame (2-5) can be selectively mounted on the through holes of the floating mounting plate (2-6) through pins, and the hole position of the second mounting frame (2-5) on the floating mounting plate (2-6) is adjusted so that the lowest point of the reeling plate (2-1) can be close to the lower end surface of the conveyor belt (4-1).

5. The cabbage harvesting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frame (3) comprises a harvesting part connecting frame (3-1), a second rotating shaft (3-2), a horizontal external spherical bearing seat (3-3) and a control part connecting frame (3-4); the two ends of the second rotating shaft (3-2) are respectively mounted in two horizontal external spherical bearing seats (3-3); the horizontal external spherical bearing seat (3-3) is mounted on the control part connecting frame (3-4); and the harvesting part connecting frame (3-1) is mounted on the second rotating shaft (3-2) via U-shaped bolts; the double-screw extracting mechanism (1), the weeding mechanism (2), the frame (3), the floating clamping and conveying mechanism (4), the double-disc root cutting mechanism (5) and the root clamping and limiting mechanism (6) are respectively mounted on the harvesting part connecting frame (3-1).

6. The cabbage harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The floating clamping conveying mechanism (4) comprises two symmetrically arranged floating clamping conveying units, each of which comprises a conveying belt (4-1), a tensioning arm assembly (4-2), an L-shaped reduction motor (4-3), an active roller mounting seat (4-4), a threaded rod (4-5), a spring fixing sheet (4-6), a driven roller (4-7) and an active roller (4-8); The L-shaped reduction motor (4-3) is mounted on the active roller mounting seat (4-4) and connected to the active roller (4-8), driving the active roller (4-8) to rotate; the active roller mounting seat (4-4) and the tensioning arm assembly (4-2) are respectively mounted on the harvesting section connecting frame (3-1) of the frame (3); the driven roller (4-7) is welded to the harvesting section connecting frame (3-1); the conveyor belt (4-1) is mounted on the driven roller (4-7) and the active roller (4-8); and two floating clamping conveying units are connected to the conveyor belt (4-1). The tensioning arm assembly (4-2) is arranged relatively to the inner side of the harvesting part connecting frame (3-1) of the frame (3) and is in contact with the conveyor belt (4-1) respectively; the spring fixing plate (4-6) is installed on the threaded rod (4-5); one end of the spring is connected to the tensioning arm assembly (4-2) and the other end is connected to the spring fixing plate (4-6); by changing the installation position of the spring fixing plate (4-6) on the threaded rod (4-5), the pre-tightening force of the tensioning arm assembly (4-2) on the conveyor belt (4-1) can be changed.

7. The cabbage harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-disc root cutting mechanism (5) comprises a motor mounting plate (5-1), a cutter disc (5-2), a flange (5-3), a bearing seat mounting plate (5-4), a transmission device assembly (5-5), a first transmission shaft, an elastic plum blossom coupling (5-6) and an arc-cone right-angle reduction motor (5-7); The two cutter discs (5-2) are arranged opposite to each other and partially overlap each other. The cutter discs (5-2) are mounted on a flange (5-3), and the flange (5-3) is mounted on a transmission device assembly (5-5). The two transmission device assemblies (5-5) are respectively mounted on a motor mounting plate (5-1) and a bearing seat mounting plate (5-4). The two transmission device assemblies (5-5) are respectively connected to a first transmission shaft. One end of the first transmission shaft is connected to an output shaft of an arc cone right-angle reduction motor (5-7) through an elastic plum blossom coupling (5-6), and the other end is connected to a bearing seat. The bearing seat is mounted on the bearing seat mounting plate (5-4).

8. The cabbage harvesting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The motor mounting plate (5-1) and the bearing seat mounting plate (5-4) are respectively provided with transversely arranged long circular grooves, and the flange (5-3) is connected to the transmission device assembly (5-5) through the long circular grooves on the motor mounting plate (5-1) and the bearing seat mounting plate (5-4). By adjusting the position of the flange (5-3) in the long circular groove, the overlap amount of the two cutter discs (5-2) can be changed.

9. The cabbage harvesting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The root clamping limiting mechanism (6) comprises two symmetrically arranged root clamping limiting units, a root clamping driving wheel mounting plate assembly (6-1), a root clamping driving wheel (6-2), a double-sided toothed synchronous belt (6-3), a frame mounting plate assembly (6-4), a guide rod (6-5), a root clamping frame assembly (6-6), a root clamping floating clamping assembly (6-7) and a root clamping driven wheel (6-8); The root clamp driving wheel (6-2) is installed on the root clamp driving wheel mounting plate assembly (6-1), the root clamp floating clamp assembly (6-7), the guide rod (6-5) and the root clamp driven wheel (6-8) are respectively installed on the root clamp frame assembly (6-6), and the double-sided toothed synchronous belt (6-3) is installed on the root clamp driving wheel (6-2) and the root clamp driven wheel (6-8); the root clamp driving wheel (6-2) is designed as a tooth shape, the root clamp driving wheel (6-2) is meshed with the inner side of the double-sided toothed synchronous belt (6-3), the root clamp floating clamp assembly (6-7) is located below the guide rod (6-5), and is located in the circle of the double-sided toothed synchronous belt (6-3), and is in contact with the inner side of the double-sided toothed synchronous belt (6-3), and the two root clamp limit units are The root clamping floating clamping assembly (6-7) enables the relative outer sides of the two double-sided toothed synchronous belts (6-3) to mesh, and the two guide rods (6-5) form a conveying channel, and the guide rods (6-5) are inclined upward from front to back and form an angle with the double-sided toothed synchronous belt (6-3); the root clamping frame assembly (6-6) is installed on the frame mounting plate assembly (6-4), and the frame mounting plate assembly (6-4) is installed on the frame (3); an oblong groove is provided on the L-shaped plate connecting the guide rod (6-5) and the root clamping frame assembly (6-6), and by adjusting the connection position of the root clamping frame assembly (6-6) and the oblong groove on the L-shaped plate, the distance between the two guide rods (6-5) can be adjusted, thereby changing the size of the channel to adapt to different varieties of cabbage.

10. The cabbage harvesting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: Also includes an arc cone right angle reduction motor (6-9); The two root clamping driving wheels (6-2) are respectively connected to the second transmission shaft, the output shaft of the arc cone right angle reduction motor (6-9) is connected to one end of the second transmission shaft, and the arc cone right angle reduction motor (6-9) drives the two root clamping driving wheels (6-2) to rotate via the second transmission shaft.

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