Straw agricultural waste crushing and composting device

Abstract

The invention provides a straw agricultural waste crushing and composting device, and relates to the technical field of agricultural waste treatment. Comprising a U-shaped box, a trapezoidal box is fixedly arranged in the middle of the bottom face of the U-shaped box, a first conveying belt, a second conveying belt, a third conveying belt and a cutting base plate are arranged in the U-shaped box, a pair of smashing shafts is rotatably inserted in the trapezoidal box, and a plurality of smashing reamers are fixedly arranged on the smashing shafts; a hollow roller is arranged above the U-shaped box, an L-shaped side plate is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top face of the U-shaped box, a pair of L-shaped tool rests is arranged above the cutting base plate, cutting blades are fixedly arranged on the bottom edges of the L-shaped tool rests, and the L-shaped side plate is connected with the pair of L-shaped tool rests through a swing arm mechanism. According to the straw smashing device, straw is sequentially subjected to dual treatment of cutting and smashing, high-efficiency and high-quality smashing can be conducted on the straw, reutilization of resources is achieved, the straw smashing effect can be guaranteed, and the follow-up composting process can be conveniently accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural waste treatment, in particular to a device for crushing and composting straw-type agricultural waste. Background Art

[0002] Returning straw-like agricultural waste to the fields has many advantages, such as improving soil structure, increasing soil organic matter, improving soil fertility, and eliminating air pollution caused by straw burning. It has gradually become popular and has produced good economic, ecological and social benefits.

[0003] The Chinese invention patent discloses an integrated control device for crushing and composting straw-type agricultural waste (publication number: CN110590423A), which includes a material composting chamber, a straw crushing device, a temperature and oxygen control system, a humidity control system, and a discharging system. The material composting chamber is equipped with a feeding port, a measuring port, a spare port, and a groove at the bottom, which is connected to the straw crushing device at the top and a microporous net, a porous plate, and a cold and hot air mixing chamber at the bottom; the straw crushing device includes a feed drive motor and a double stirring blade.

[0004] However, the above patent and related equipment currently on the market cannot really meet the requirements for the crushing of straw before composting. Incompletely crushed straw decomposes slowly and takes a longer time to be completely decomposed into organic matter. Incompletely crushed straw stacking can easily cause uneven composting, and some straw may be over-stacked, resulting in poor ventilation or uneven humidity, which in turn affects the composting effect. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose a straw-like agricultural waste crushing and composting device.

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A straw-type agricultural waste crushing and composting device comprises a U-shaped box, a through-distributed trapezoidal box is fixedly arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the U-shaped box, and the bottom end of the trapezoidal box is in an open state; A first conveyor belt is provided on the left side of the U-shaped box, and a second conveyor belt is provided on the right side of the U-shaped box. A cutting substrate is provided between the first conveyor belt and the second conveyor belt, and both front and rear ends of the cutting substrate are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped box. A third conveyor belt extending to the left and right sides is provided directly below the second conveyor belt. A pair of crushing shafts are rotatably inserted into the trapezoidal box and are distributed through the box. A plurality of crushing reamers are fixed on the pair of crushing shafts and are distributed in an alternating manner. The upper part of the U-shaped box is provided with fixed rollers distributed front and back, the middle part of the fixed roller is sleeved with a concentrically fixed hollow roller, and the bottom surface of the hollow roller is against the top surface of the first conveyor belt; An L-shaped side plate is fixedly arranged on the right side of the top surface of the U-shaped box, and a pair of parallel L-shaped tool holders are arranged above the cutting base plate. A cutting blade is fixedly arranged on the bottom edge of each L-shaped tool holder, and the L-shaped side plate is connected to the pair of L-shaped tool holders through a swing arm mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, five first rollers are rotatably inserted into the left side of the U-shaped box, and the middle section of each first roller is sleeved with a concentrically fixed first roller, and the first conveyor belt is sequentially sleeved on the five first rollers and synchronously driven and connected; A pair of second rollers are rotatably inserted into the right side of the U-shaped box, and the middle section of each second roller is sleeved with a concentrically fixed second roller, and the second conveyor belt is sleeved on the pair of second rollers and synchronously driven; Four third rollers are rotatably inserted into the bottom right side of the U-shaped box, and the middle sections of the third rollers are sleeved with concentrically fixed third rollers. The third conveyor belt is sequentially sleeved on the four third rollers and synchronously transmitted and connected.

[0008] Preferably, a pair of fixed ear seats of different heights are fixedly provided at the middle of the top edges of the front and rear sides of the U-shaped box, the rear end of the fixed roller shaft is rotatably inserted through the top of the fixed ear seat at the rear, the front end of the fixed roller shaft is rotatably inserted through the middle of the fixed ear seat at the front, and the front end of the fixed roller shaft is sleeved with a concentrically fixed second gear; A first connecting shaft is rotatably inserted at the top of the fixed ear seat located in the front, and a concentrically fixed first gear is sleeved in the middle of the first connecting shaft, and the first gear is meshed and connected with the second gear.

[0009] Preferably, a reduction motor is fixedly arranged at the upper left corner of the front side of the U-shaped box, and the motor shaft end of the reduction motor is coaxially fixedly connected with the front end of the first roller shaft located at the far left; the front end of each of the crushing shafts is sleeved with a coaxially fixed linkage gear, and a pair of linkage gears are meshed and connected; A second connecting shaft is rotatably inserted at the lower right corner of the front side of the U-shaped box, a third gear is concentrically fixedly sleeved in the middle of the second connecting shaft, a fourth gear is concentrically fixedly sleeved at the front end of the third roller shaft located on the far right, and the third gear is meshingly connected with the fourth gear.

[0010] Preferably, the front end of the first roller shaft located on the far right is sleeved with a first sprocket fixedly connected concentrically, the front end of the first connecting shaft is sleeved with a second sprocket fixedly connected concentrically, and the first sprocket is synchronously meshed and transmission-connected with the second sprocket through a first chain belt; The rear end of the fixed roller is sleeved with a concentrically fixed third sprocket, the rear end of the crushing shaft located on the right is sleeved with a concentrically fixed fourth sprocket, and the third sprocket is synchronously meshed and driven with the fourth sprocket through a second chain belt.

[0011] Preferably, a fifth sprocket is sleeved on the rear end of the first roller shaft located on the far right and fixedly connected concentrically, and a sixth sprocket is sleeved on the rear end of the second roller shaft located on the left and fixedly connected concentrically, and the fifth sprocket is synchronously meshed and drivenly connected with the sixth sprocket through a third chain belt; The front end of the second roller shaft on the right side is sleeved with a concentrically fixed seventh sprocket, and the front end of the second connecting shaft is sleeved with a concentrically fixed eighth sprocket. The seventh sprocket is synchronously meshed and transmission-connected with the eighth sprocket through a fourth chain belt.

[0012] Preferably, the swing arm mechanism comprises two pairs of parallel swing arms of different lengths, a pair of symmetrically distributed L-shaped ear seats are fixedly provided on the front and rear sides of the left side wall of the L-shaped side plate, a pair of symmetrically distributed positioning ear seats are fixedly provided on the left side wall of the L-shaped side plate, and the pair of positioning ear seats are located between the pair of L-shaped ear seats; An extended pin is rotatably inserted into the outer end of the positioning ear seat, the outer end of the extended pin passes through the top end of the L-shaped ear seat on the corresponding side, and a driven pin is rotatably inserted into the bending part of the L-shaped ear seat; A pair of parallel swing arms are hingedly provided at the top and corners of the L-shaped tool holder, and the right ends of the pair of parallel swing arms are respectively fixedly connected to the outer ends of the extended pin shaft and the outer ends of the driven pin shaft on the corresponding side.

[0013] Preferably, a fixed shaft is rotatably inserted into the middle of the left side wall of the L-shaped side plate, a fixed swing arm is fixedly provided at the left end of the fixed shaft, a pair of fixed pin holes are provided at both ends of the fixed swing arm, a driven swing arm is fixedly provided at the inner end of each of the extended pin shafts, and a driven pin hole is provided at the outer end of each of the driven swing arms; A pair of L-shaped pins are arranged between the fixed swing arm and the pair of driven swing arms, and the two ends of each of the L-shaped pins are respectively slidably inserted into the fixed pin hole and the driven pin hole on the corresponding side.

[0014] Preferably, a rectangular through hole is opened on the left side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate, a concentrically fixed reciprocating gear is sleeved on the right end of the fixed shaft, the top of the reciprocating gear is inserted through the middle of the rectangular through hole, and the top of the reciprocating gear is meshed with a T-shaped rack distributed front and back; A pair of U-shaped clamping seats are fixedly arranged on the left side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate, and the pair of U-shaped clamping seats are distributed on the front and rear sides of the rectangular through hole, and the front and rear sides of the T-shaped rack are slidably engaged in the pair of U-shaped clamping seats; Two pairs of pulley shafts are rotatably inserted on the left side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate, and each pair of pulley shafts is respectively located on the left and right sides of the U-shaped base, and the top end of each pulley shaft is sleeved with a concentrically fixed T-shaped pulley, and each T-shaped pulley slides against the T-shaped rack.

[0015] Preferably, a circular through hole is opened on the right side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate, a servo motor with an output end facing upward is fixed inside the circular through hole, a concentrically fixed turntable is sleeved on the motor shaft end of the servo motor, and a pair of eccentrically distributed limit pins are fixed on the top surface of the turntable; A T-shaped stopper and a fixed pin are fixed to the middle part of the T-shaped rack, a third connecting shaft is rotatably inserted on the top surface of the L-shaped side plate, an L-shaped swing arm is fixed to the top end of the third connecting shaft, an elliptical pin hole is opened at the left end of the L-shaped swing arm, the top end of the fixed pin is slidably inserted in the elliptical pin hole, and the right end of the T-shaped stopper and the right end of the L-shaped swing arm are alternately engaged and connected with a pair of limit pins.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. In the present invention, under the cooperation of the first conveyor belt, the second conveyor belt and the third conveyor belt, the straw is preliminarily compacted by a hollow roller, and the straw is alternately cut by a pair of cutting blades. The cutting and crushing of the straw before composting is conducive to microbial decomposition, accelerates the composting process, and promotes the decomposition and release of organic matter; 2. In the present invention, the straw cut by the cutting blades is fully crushed by the combined action of a pair of relatively rotating crushing shafts and a plurality of staggered crushing reamers. The straw is first cut alternately and then fully crushed, so that the straw can be mixed more evenly, the utilization efficiency of the straw by microorganisms can be improved, the composting process can be accelerated, the decomposition and release of organic matter can be promoted, and the composting effect can be improved; In summary, the present invention can perform high-efficiency and high-quality crushing of straw through the dual processing of cutting and crushing the straw in sequence, thereby realizing resource recycling, ensuring the effect of straw crushing, and facilitating and accelerating the subsequent composting process, saving manpower and time costs, and improving the composting effect. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of this application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a rear view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the swing arm mechanism in the present invention; Figure 6 It is an exploded schematic diagram of the swing arm mechanism in the present invention; The serial numbers in the figure are: 1, U-shaped box; 2, trapezoidal box; 3, first roller; 4, first conveyor belt; 5, second roller; 6, second conveyor belt; 7, cutting substrate; 8, third roller; 9, third conveyor belt; 10, crushing shaft; 11, crushing reamer; 12, linkage gear; 13, fixed roller; 14, hollow roller; 15, reduction motor; 16, first gear; 17, second gear; 18, first chain belt; 19, third chain belt; 20, second chain belt; 21, third gear; 22, first Four gears; 23. Fourth chain belt; 24. L-shaped side plate; 25. Positioning ear seat; 26. L-shaped ear seat; 27. Extended pin shaft; 28. Driven swing arm; 29. ​​Parallel swing arm; 30. L-shaped tool holder; 31. Cutting blade; 32. Fixed shaft; 33. Fixed swing arm; 34. L-shaped pin shaft; 35. Reciprocating gear; 36. T-shaped rack; 37. U-shaped holder; 38. T-shaped pulley; 39. T-shaped stopper; 40. Fixed pin shaft; 41. servo motor; 42. Turntable; 43. L-shaped swing arm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0019] Embodiment 1: This embodiment provides a straw-type agricultural waste crushing and composting device, see Figure 1-6 , comprising a U-shaped box 1, a through-distributed trapezoidal box 2 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the U-shaped box 1, and the bottom end of the trapezoidal box 2 is in an open state; A first conveyor belt 4 is provided on the left side of the U-shaped box 1, and a second conveyor belt 6 is provided on the right side of the U-shaped box 1. A cutting base plate 7 is provided between the first conveyor belt 4 and the second conveyor belt 6, and both front and rear ends of the cutting base plate 7 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped box 1. A third conveyor belt 9 extending to the left and right sides is provided directly below the second conveyor belt 6. A pair of crushing shafts 10 are rotatably inserted into the trapezoidal box 2. A plurality of crushing cutters 11 are fixedly provided on the pair of crushing shafts 10. The upper part of the U-shaped box 1 is provided with fixed rollers 13 distributed front and back, and the middle part of the fixed roller 13 is sleeved with a concentrically fixed hollow roller 14, and the bottom surface of the hollow roller 14 is against the top surface of the first conveyor belt 4; An L-shaped side plate 24 is fixedly provided on the right side of the top surface of the U-shaped box 1, and a pair of parallel L-shaped tool holders 30 are provided above the cutting substrate 7. A cutting blade 31 is fixedly provided on the bottom edge of each L-shaped tool holder 30, and the L-shaped side plate 24 is connected to the pair of L-shaped tool holders 30 through a swing arm mechanism.

[0020] It should be noted that: in this embodiment, five first rollers 3 are rotatably inserted and distributed on the left side of the U-shaped box 1, and the middle section of each first roller 3 is sleeved with a concentrically fixed first roller, and the first conveyor belt 4 is sequentially sleeved on the five first rollers and synchronously driven and connected. Under the action of the first conveyor belt 4, the first roller 3 and the first roller can be driven to rotate synchronously; A pair of second rollers 5 are rotatably inserted and distributed through the right side of the U-shaped box 1, and the middle section of each second roller 5 is sleeved with a concentrically fixed second roller, and the second conveyor belt 6 is sleeved on the pair of second rollers and synchronously driven and connected. Under the action of the second conveyor belt 6, the second roller 5 and the second roller can be driven to rotate synchronously; Four third rollers 8 are rotatably inserted into the bottom right side of the U-shaped box 1, and the middle sections of the third rollers 8 are sleeved with concentrically fixed third rollers. The third conveyor belt 9 is sequentially sleeved on the four third rollers and synchronously transmitted and connected. Under the action of the third conveyor belt 9, the third rollers 8 and the third rollers can be driven to rotate synchronously.

[0021] Embodiment 2: Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment also includes the following contents: like Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, a pair of fixed ears with different heights are fixedly provided at the middle of the top edges of the front and rear sides of the U-shaped box 1, the rear end of the fixed roller shaft 13 is rotatably inserted through the top of the fixed ear seat at the rear, the front end of the fixed roller shaft 13 is rotatably inserted through the middle of the fixed ear seat at the front, and the front end of the fixed roller shaft 13 is sleeved with a concentrically fixed second gear 17; A first connecting shaft is rotatably inserted at the top of the fixed ear seat located in the front, and a concentrically fixed first gear 16 is sleeved in the middle of the first connecting shaft. The first gear 16 is meshed and connected with the second gear 17. The first gear 16 can mesh and drive the second gear 17, the fixed roller shaft 13, the hollow roller 14, and the third sprocket to rotate in the opposite direction; A reduction motor 15 is fixedly arranged at the upper left corner of the front side of the U-shaped box 1, and the motor shaft end of the reduction motor 15 is coaxially fixedly connected with the front end of the first roller 3 located on the far left, and the motor shaft of the reduction motor 15 can drive the first roller 3, the first roller, and the first conveyor belt 4 to rotate synchronously; the front end of each crushing shaft 10 is sleeved with a concentrically fixed linkage gear 12, and a pair of linkage gears 12 are meshed and connected. Under the meshing action of the pair of linkage gears 12, the pair of crushing shafts 10 can be driven to rotate relative to each other, and the plurality of crushing cutters 11 can be driven to rotate alternately synchronously; A second connecting shaft is rotatably inserted at the lower right corner of the front side of the U-shaped box 1, a third gear 21 is sleeved concentrically fixedly in the middle of the second connecting shaft, a fourth gear 22 is sleeved concentrically fixedly in the front end of the third roller shaft 8 located on the far right, the third gear 21 is meshed and connected with the fourth gear 22, and the third gear 21 can mesh and drive the fourth gear 22, the third roller shaft 8, and the third conveyor belt 9 to rotate in the opposite direction; The front end of the first roller shaft 3 located on the far right is sleeved with a first sprocket fixedly connected concentrically, and the front end of the first connecting shaft is sleeved with a second sprocket fixedly connected concentrically. The first sprocket is synchronously meshed and connected with the second sprocket through a first chain belt 18. The first sprocket can drive the second sprocket, the first connecting shaft, and the first gear 16 to rotate synchronously through the first chain belt 18; The rear end of the fixed roller 13 is sleeved with a concentrically fixed third sprocket, and the rear end of the crushing shaft 10 located on the right is sleeved with a concentrically fixed fourth sprocket. The third sprocket is synchronously meshed and driven with the fourth sprocket through the second chain belt 20. The third sprocket can drive the fourth sprocket, the crushing shaft 10 located on the right, the crushing reamer 11, and the linkage gear 12 to rotate in the opposite direction through the second chain belt 20; The rear end of the first roller shaft 3 located on the far right is sleeved with a concentrically fixed fifth sprocket, and the rear end of the second roller shaft 5 located on the left is sleeved with a concentrically fixed sixth sprocket, the fifth sprocket is synchronously meshed and driven with the sixth sprocket through the third chain belt 19, and the fifth sprocket can drive the sixth sprocket, the second roller shaft 5, the second roller, the second conveyor belt 6, and the seventh sprocket to rotate synchronously through the third chain belt 19; The front end portion of the second roller shaft 5 located on the right side is sleeved with a concentrically fixed seventh sprocket, and the front end portion of the second connecting shaft is sleeved with a concentrically fixed eighth sprocket. The seventh sprocket is synchronously meshed and connected with the eighth sprocket through the fourth chain belt 23. The seventh sprocket can drive the eighth sprocket, the second connecting shaft and the third gear 21 to rotate synchronously through the fourth chain belt 23.

[0022] Embodiment 3: Based on Embodiment 2, this embodiment also includes the following contents: like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the swing arm mechanism includes two pairs of parallel swing arms 29 of different lengths, a pair of symmetrically distributed L-shaped ear seats 26 are fixedly provided on the front and rear sides of the left side wall of the L-shaped side plate 24, and a pair of symmetrically distributed positioning ear seats 25 are fixedly provided on the left side wall of the L-shaped side plate 24, and the pair of positioning ear seats 25 are located between the pair of L-shaped ear seats 26; An extended pin 27 is rotatably inserted into the outer end of the positioning ear seat 25, and the outer end of the extended pin 27 passes through the top end of the L-shaped ear seat 26 on the corresponding side, and a driven pin is rotatably inserted into the bending part of the L-shaped ear seat 26; A pair of parallel swing arms 29 are hingedly provided at the top and corners of the L-shaped tool rest 30, and the right ends of the pair of parallel swing arms 29 are respectively fixedly connected to the outer ends of the extended pin shaft 27 and the outer ends of the driven pin shaft on the corresponding side; A fixed shaft 32 is rotatably inserted into the middle of the left side wall of the L-shaped side plate 24, and a fixed swing arm 33 is fixedly provided at the left end of the fixed shaft 32. A pair of fixed pin holes are provided at both ends of the fixed swing arm 33. A driven swing arm 28 is fixedly provided at the inner end of each extended pin shaft 27, and a driven pin hole is provided at the outer end of each driven swing arm 28. A pair of L-shaped pins 34 are provided between the fixed swing arm 33 and the pair of driven swing arms 28. The two ends of each L-shaped pin 34 are respectively slidably inserted into the fixed pin hole and the driven pin hole on the corresponding side. Under the limiting effect of the pair of L-shaped pins 34, the pair of driven swing arms 28 can be driven to swing back and forth alternately along the corresponding extended pins 27. The driven swing arm 28 can drive the parallel swing arm 29 to swing back and forth synchronously through the extended pins 27. A rectangular through hole is provided on the left side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate 24, and a concentrically fixed reciprocating gear 35 is sleeved on the right end of the fixed shaft 32. The top of the reciprocating gear 35 is inserted through the middle of the rectangular through hole, and the top of the reciprocating gear 35 is meshed with a T-shaped rack 36 distributed front and back. The T-shaped rack 36 can mesh and drive the reciprocating gear 35, the fixed shaft 32, and the fixed swing arm 33 to swing back and forth. A pair of U-shaped clamping seats 37 are fixedly disposed on the left side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate 24. The pair of U-shaped clamping seats 37 are distributed on the front and rear sides of the rectangular through hole, and the front and rear sides of the T-shaped rack 36 are slidably engaged in the pair of U-shaped clamping seats 37. The T-shaped rack 36 can slide forward and backward along the pair of U-shaped clamping seats 37. Two pairs of pulley shafts are rotatably inserted on the left side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate 24, and each pair of pulley shafts is respectively located on the left and right sides of the U-shaped clamping seat 37, and the top end of each pulley shaft is sleeved with a concentric fixed T-shaped pulley 38, and each T-shaped pulley 38 slides against the T-shaped rack 36. When the T-shaped rack 36 slides back and forth, the two pairs of T-shaped pulleys 38 play a limiting role to prevent the T-shaped rack 36 from deviating from the motion track; A circular through hole is provided on the right side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate 24, and a servo motor 41 with an output end facing upward is fixedly provided inside the circular through hole. A concentrically fixed turntable 42 is sleeved on the motor shaft end of the servo motor 41, and a pair of eccentrically distributed limit pins are fixedly provided on the top surface of the turntable 42. The motor shaft of the servo motor 41 can drive the turntable 42 and the pair of limit pins to rotate synchronously. A T-shaped stopper 39 and a fixed pin 40 are fixed to the middle part of the T-shaped rack 36, and a third connecting shaft is rotatably inserted on the top surface of the L-shaped side plate 24. An L-shaped swing arm 43 is fixed to the top end of the third connecting shaft. An elliptical pin hole is provided at the left end of the L-shaped swing arm 43, and the top end of the fixed pin 40 is slidably inserted in the elliptical pin hole, and the right end of the T-shaped stopper 39 and the right end of the L-shaped swing arm 43 are alternately engaged with a pair of limit pins. Under the limiting action formed by the fixed pin 40 and the elliptical pin hole, the limiting action of a pair of limit pins alternately with the L-shaped swing arm 43 and the T-shaped stopper 39 can drive the T-shaped rack 36 to slide back and forth.

[0023] Specifically, the working principle and operation method of the present invention are as follows: Step 1: Under the driving action of the reduction motor 15, the motor shaft of the reduction motor 15 drives the first roller 3, the first roller, the first conveyor belt 4, the first sprocket, and the fifth sprocket to rotate synchronously. The first sprocket drives the second sprocket, the first connecting shaft, and the first gear 16 to rotate synchronously through the first chain belt 18. The first gear 16 engages and drives the second gear 17, the fixed roller 13, the hollow roller 14, and the third sprocket to rotate in the opposite direction. The fifth sprocket drives the sixth sprocket, the second roller 5, the second roller, the second conveyor belt 6, and the seventh sprocket to rotate synchronously through the third chain belt 19. The seventh sprocket drives the eighth sprocket, the second connecting shaft, and the third gear 21 to rotate synchronously through the fourth chain belt 23. The third gear 21 meshes and drives the fourth gear 22, the third roller 8, and the third conveyor belt 9 to rotate in the opposite direction. The third sprocket drives the fourth sprocket, the crushing shaft 10, the crushing reamer 11 and the linkage gear 12 on the right side to rotate in the opposite direction through the second chain belt 20, and drives the crushing shaft 10 and the crushing reamer 11 on the left side to rotate in the positive direction under the meshing action of the pair of linkage gears 12; Step 2: Under the driving action of the servo motor 41, the motor shaft of the servo motor 41 drives the turntable 42 and a pair of limit pins to rotate synchronously, one limit pin abuts against the T-shaped stopper 39 and drives the T-shaped rack 36 to slide backward along the pair of U-shaped seats 37 and the two pairs of T-shaped pulleys 38, and under the limiting action formed by the fixed pin 40 and the elliptical pin hole, drives the L-shaped swing arm 43 to swing backward along the third connecting shaft, and the other limit pin abuts against the right end of the L-shaped swing arm 43, drives the L-shaped swing arm 43 to swing forward along the third connecting shaft, and then drives the T-shaped rack 36 to slide forward; As the turntable 42 and the pair of limiting pins continue to rotate, the T-shaped rack 36 is driven to slide back and forth, and the T-shaped rack 36 is then engaged to drive the reciprocating gear 35, the fixed shaft 32, and the fixed swing arm 33 to swing back and forth. Under the limiting action of the pair of L-shaped pins 34, the pair of driven swing arms 28 are driven to swing back and forth alternately along the corresponding extended pins 27. The driven swing arms 28 drive the parallel swing arms 29 to swing back and forth synchronously through the extended pins 27, thereby driving the pair of L-shaped tool holders 30 to swing alternately toward the cutting substrate 7, and driving the pair of cutting blades 31 to alternately abut against the cutting substrate 7; Step three, placing the straw on the left side of the top surface of the first conveyor belt 4, under the conveying action of the first conveyor belt 4, the straw is driven to be conveyed to the cutting base plate 7, and the straw is preliminarily compacted by the hollow roller 14. After the straw is conveyed to the cutting base plate 7, the straw is alternately cut by a pair of cutting blades 31, and the cut straw is pushed to the left side of the top surface of the second conveyor belt 6. Under the conveying action of the second conveyor belt 6, the cut straw falls to the right side of the top surface of the third conveyor belt 9. Under the conveying action of the third conveyor belt 9, the cut straw falls into the trapezoidal box 2, and then through the joint action of a pair of relatively rotating crushing shafts 10 and a number of staggered crushing cutters 11, the cut straw is fully crushed, and the crushed straw is discharged along the bottom port of the trapezoidal box 2 for subsequent composting treatment.

[0024] The present invention can perform high-efficiency and high-quality crushing of the straw by sequentially performing the dual treatment of cutting and crushing the straw, thereby realizing resource recycling, ensuring the effect of straw crushing, and facilitating and accelerating the subsequent composting process, saving manpower and time costs, and improving the composting effect.

[0025] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A straw-type agricultural waste crushing and composting device, characterized in that: It comprises a U-shaped box (1), a through-distributed trapezoidal box (2) is fixedly arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the U-shaped box (1), the bottom end of the trapezoidal box (2) is in an open state, a first conveyor belt (4) is arranged on the left side of the U-shaped box (1), a second conveyor belt (6) is arranged on the right side of the U-shaped box (1), a cutting base plate (7) is arranged between the first conveyor belt (4) and the second conveyor belt (6), and the front and rear ends of the cutting base plate (7) are both fixedly connected to the inner wall of the U-shaped box (1); A third conveyor belt (9) extending to the left and right sides is provided directly below the second conveyor belt (6); a pair of pulverizing shafts (10) are rotatably inserted into the trapezoidal box (2) and are distributed through the pulverizing shafts (10); a plurality of staggered pulverizing cutters (11) are fixedly provided on the pair of pulverizing shafts (10); The upper part of the U-shaped box (1) is provided with fixed rollers (13) distributed front and rear, the middle part of the fixed rollers (13) is sleeved with a concentrically fixed hollow roller (14), and the bottom surface of the hollow roller (14) is against the top surface of the first conveyor belt (4); An L-shaped side plate (24) is fixedly provided on the right side of the top surface of the U-shaped box (1), and a pair of L-shaped tool holders (30) are arranged above the cutting base plate (7) and are distributed in parallel. A cutting blade (31) is fixedly provided on the bottom edge of each of the L-shaped tool holders (30), and the L-shaped side plate (24) is connected to the pair of L-shaped tool holders (30) via a swing arm mechanism.

2. The straw-based agricultural waste crushing and composting device according to claim 1 is characterized by: Five first rollers (3) are rotatably inserted into the left side of the U-shaped box (1), and are distributed throughout. The middle section of each first roller (3) is sleeved with a concentrically fixed first roller, and the first conveyor belt (4) is sleeved on the five first rollers in sequence and is synchronously driven and connected; A pair of second rollers (5) are rotatably inserted into the right side of the U-shaped box (1), and each of the second rollers (5) is sleeved with a concentrically fixed second roller in the middle section, and the second conveyor belt (6) is sleeved on the pair of second rollers and synchronously driven; Four third rollers (8) are rotatably inserted into the bottom right side of the U-shaped box (1) and are distributed throughout. The middle sections of the third rollers (8) are sleeved with concentrically fixed third rollers. The third conveyor belt (9) is sleeved on the four third rollers in sequence and is synchronously driven and connected.

3. The straw-based agricultural waste crushing and composting device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: A pair of fixed ear seats of different heights are fixedly provided in the middle of the top edges of the front and rear sides of the U-shaped box (1); the rear end of the fixed roller shaft (13) is rotatably inserted through the top of the fixed ear seat at the rear, and the front end of the fixed roller shaft (13) is rotatably inserted through the middle of the fixed ear seat at the front, and the front end of the fixed roller shaft (13) is sleeved with a concentrically fixed second gear (17); A first connecting shaft is rotatably inserted into the top of the fixed ear seat located in the front, and a concentrically fixed first gear (16) is sleeved in the middle of the first connecting shaft, and the first gear (16) is meshingly connected with the second gear (17).

4. The straw agricultural waste crushing and composting device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A reduction motor (15) is fixedly arranged at the upper left corner of the front face of the U-shaped box (1), and the motor shaft end of the reduction motor (15) is coaxially fixedly connected to the front end of the first roller shaft (3) located at the far left; the front end of each of the crushing shafts (10) is sleeved with a coaxially fixed linkage gear (12), and a pair of linkage gears (12) are meshingly connected; A second connecting shaft is rotatably inserted at the lower right corner of the front side of the U-shaped box (1); a third gear (21) is concentrically fixedly sleeved on the middle part of the second connecting shaft; a fourth gear (22) is concentrically fixedly sleeved on the front end of the third roller shaft (8) located on the far right; the third gear (21) is meshingly connected with the fourth gear (22).

5. The straw-based agricultural waste crushing and composting device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The front end of the first roller shaft (3) located on the far right is sleeved with a first sprocket wheel fixedly connected concentrically, the front end of the first connecting shaft is sleeved with a second sprocket wheel fixedly connected concentrically, and the first sprocket wheel is synchronously meshed and transmission-connected with the second sprocket wheel via a first chain belt (18); The rear end of the fixed roller shaft (13) is sleeved with a third sprocket which is fixedly connected concentrically, and the rear end of the crushing shaft (10) located on the right side is sleeved with a fourth sprocket which is fixedly connected concentrically, and the third sprocket is synchronously meshed and transmission-connected with the fourth sprocket via a second chain belt (20).

6. The straw-based agricultural waste crushing and composting device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rear end of the first roller shaft (3) located on the far right is sleeved with a fifth sprocket fixedly connected concentrically, and the rear end of the second roller shaft (5) located on the left is sleeved with a sixth sprocket fixedly connected concentrically, and the fifth sprocket is synchronously meshed and transmission-connected with the sixth sprocket via a third chain belt (19); The front end of the second roller shaft (5) located on the right side is sleeved with a seventh sprocket fixedly connected concentrically, and the front end of the second connecting shaft is sleeved with an eighth sprocket fixedly connected concentrically, and the seventh sprocket is synchronously meshed and transmission-connected with the eighth sprocket via a fourth chain belt (23).

7. The straw-based agricultural waste crushing and composting device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The swing arm mechanism comprises two pairs of parallel swing arms (29) of different lengths, a pair of symmetrically distributed L-shaped ear seats (26) are fixedly provided on the front and rear sides of the left side wall of the L-shaped side plate (24), a pair of symmetrically distributed positioning ear seats (25) are fixedly provided on the left side wall of the L-shaped side plate (24), and the pair of positioning ear seats (25) are located between the pair of L-shaped ear seats (26); An extended pin shaft (27) is rotatably inserted into the outer end of the positioning ear seat (25), the outer end of the extended pin shaft (27) passes through the top end of the L-shaped ear seat (26) on the corresponding side, and a driven pin shaft is rotatably inserted into the bending part of the L-shaped ear seat (26); A pair of parallel swing arms (29) are hingedly provided at the top and corners of the L-shaped tool holder (30), and the right ends of the pair of parallel swing arms (29) are respectively fixedly connected to the outer end of the extended pin shaft (27) and the outer end of the driven pin shaft on the corresponding side.

8. The straw-based agricultural waste crushing and composting device according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fixed shaft (32) is rotatably inserted into the middle of the left side wall of the L-shaped side plate (24), a fixed swing arm (33) is fixedly provided at the left end of the fixed shaft (32), a pair of fixed pin holes are provided at both ends of the fixed swing arm (33), a driven swing arm (28) is fixedly provided at the inner end of each of the extended pin shafts (27), and a driven pin hole is provided at the outer end of each of the driven swing arms (28); A pair of L-shaped pin shafts (34) are provided between the fixed swing arm (33) and the pair of driven swing arms (28), and the two ends of each L-shaped pin shaft (34) are respectively slidably inserted into the fixed pin hole and the driven pin hole on the corresponding side.

9. The straw-based agricultural waste crushing and composting device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A rectangular through hole is provided on the left side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate (24); a concentrically fixed reciprocating gear (35) is sleeved on the right end of the fixed shaft (32); the top of the reciprocating gear (35) is inserted through the middle of the rectangular through hole; the top of the reciprocating gear (35) is meshed with a front-rear distributed T-shaped rack (36); A pair of U-shaped clamping seats (37) are fixedly provided on the left side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate (24), the pair of U-shaped clamping seats (37) are distributed on the front and rear sides of the rectangular through hole, and the front and rear sides of the T-shaped rack (36) are slidably engaged in the pair of U-shaped clamping seats (37); Two pairs of pulley shafts are rotatably inserted on the left side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate (24), each pair of pulley shafts is respectively located on the left and right sides of the U-shaped clamping seat (37), and the top end of each pulley shaft is sleeved with a concentrically fixed T-shaped pulley (38), and each T-shaped pulley (38) slides against the T-shaped rack (36).

10. The straw-based agricultural waste crushing and composting device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A circular through hole is provided on the right side of the top surface of the L-shaped side plate (24), a servo motor (41) with its output end facing upward is fixedly disposed inside the circular through hole, a concentrically fixed rotating disk (42) is sleeved on the motor shaft end of the servo motor (41), and a pair of eccentrically distributed limiting pins are fixedly disposed on the top surface of the rotating disk (42); A T-shaped stopper (39) and a fixed pin shaft (40) are fixedly provided at the middle of the T-shaped rack (36), a third connecting shaft is rotatably inserted on the top surface of the L-shaped side plate (24), an L-shaped swing arm (43) is fixedly provided at the top end of the third connecting shaft, an elliptical pin hole is provided at the left end of the L-shaped swing arm (43), the top end of the fixed pin shaft (40) is slidably inserted in the elliptical pin hole, and the right end of the T-shaped stopper (39) and the right end of the L-shaped swing arm (43) are alternately engaged with a pair of limit pin shafts.

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