Longtan pearl plum planting method

Abstract

The invention discloses a Longtan pearl plum planting method which comprises the following steps: S1, forest land preparation: firstly disinfecting and drying planting pits in the sun, filling leaves, straws and / or weeds into the planting pits, then returning soil to 1 / 2 of the volume of the planting pits, adding charcoal, returning soil to 2 / 3 of the volume of the planting pits, and covering the planting pits with soil; thoroughly decomposed organic fertilizer is added to fill the planting pit, and soil is returned to exceed the pit opening by 10-15 cm; s2, seedling selection and field planting, wherein seedlings are planted in planting holes from February to March, soil covering is carried out, root fixing water is sprayed, and then a mulching film is covered for moisture preservation; s3, fertilizer and water management; s4, shaping and pruning; s5, disease and pest control; according to the planting method, after a planting pit is disinfected, an EM bacterial solution is added into leaves, straw and / or weeds for fermentation, and the PH value of soil in the planting pit is neutralized; the air permeability and the water-retaining property in the planting pits are kept through charcoal, harmful microorganisms and germs in the soil are adsorbed, and the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced; through reasonable fertilizer and water management, pruning and pest control, the fruit yield and quality are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plum fruit planting, in particular to a Longtan pearl plum planting method. Background Art

[0002] Longtan Pearl Plum is a new variety selected from wild plums in Tian'e County, Guangxi. It is known as the "Queen of Plums". It is deeply loved by consumers for its delicious taste and rich nutrition. Quality is a complex of multiple factors, including appearance quality, flavor quality, nutritional quality, processing quality and storage quality. Among the many quality factors, appearance and flavor quality are the most important, and the color and taste of the fruit are the top priority. Since the taste of Longtan Pearl Plum has a positive relationship with soluble solids, the higher the soluble solids content, the higher the sweetness of the taste and the higher the solid-acid ratio. At present, the planting rate of Longtan Pearl Plum in Tian'e County, Guangxi and surrounding areas is relatively high, and the market prospects are broad. However, in actual planting and production, due to improper planting and management of Longtan Pearl Plum, the yield is unstable and the quality fluctuates greatly, which cannot effectively promote farmers to increase production and income. At the same time, due to unreasonable fertilization all year round, the fertilizer utilization rate is low, which easily leads to soil compaction. After soil compaction, it greatly affects the growth of fruit trees, further affecting the yield and quality. Summary of the invention

[0003] The main purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the above-mentioned background technology and provide a Longtan Pearl Plum planting method, which can improve the fertilizer utilization rate and improve the yield and quality of Longtan Pearl Plum.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the Longtan Pearl Plum planting method proposed in the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0005] S1. Forest land preparation: select a gently sloping or flat land with deep and fertile soil at an altitude of 400-900m, which is sheltered from the wind and facing the sun, as the planting area. Dig a planting pit in the planting area, disinfect and sun-dry the planting pit, fill the bottom of the planting pit with leaves, straw and / or weeds in the planting area, and then fill the soil to 1 / 2 of the pit volume. Then add charcoal and fill the soil to 2 / 3 of the pit volume. Then add decomposed organic fertilizer to fill the planting pit and fill the soil to 10-15cm above the pit mouth. S2. Seedling planting: In February and March, select 60-100cm high seedlings for disinfection and root pulping. At the same time, dig 10-15cm deep planting holes on the planting pits, plant the seedlings in the planting holes, cover them with soil and water them to fix the roots, and then cover them with mulch to keep them moist; S3, fertilizer and water management: keep the soil moist within 10-20 days after planting, and replant seedlings in time if missing seedlings or dead plants are found. Apply 0.3% urea solution after the seedlings turn green and survive. Thereafter, apply fertilizer at least 4 times a year, water the next morning after fertilization, and apply fertilizer to each plant from February to March. 100 catties of 0.3% water-soluble fertilizer, 100-200 catties of compound fertilizer per mu from May to June, 500-800 catties of compound fertilizer per mu from July to August, and 10 days before fruit picking, spray foliar fertilizer including 0.2-5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-20% leaf fertilizer diluted 500 times and the rest of water, 3000-4000 catties of farmyard manure, 40-60 catties of compound fertilizer, 100-200 catties of phosphate fertilizer, and 30-60 catties of urea per mu from September to October. The number of fertilizations varies with the growth of the fruit trees. The yield of the plant depends on the condition. No watering is done during the flowering period in March and the ripening period in August. S4. Shaping and pruning. In the year of planting, pruning tools are used to shape and prune the young trees. Two main branches are retained on the trunk. In the summer of the second year, side branches are selected and retained. In the winter, the extended branches of the main branches are cut short. In the third year, the pruning steps of the second year are repeated. Thereafter, short pruning, shortening, sprout removal, shoot thinning and branch pulling operations are carried out every summer and winter according to the production situation of the pearl plum trees. Flower branches are thinned during the bud stage every year. After 4 to 6 years, the fruit trees will enter the peak fruiting period.

[0006] S5. Disease and pest control: From December to February of each year, the garden should be cleaned to remove fallen leaves, fruits, insect buds, and cut off diseased and dead branches, and take them out of the garden for burning or burying on the spot. From February to March, the whole garden should be sprayed with lime-sulfur mixture. From April to May, pesticides should be sprayed once. From June to July, dead and diseased branches should be pruned. In August, diseases and pests should be checked and targeted treatment should be taken in time. In September, the damaged and dead fruits should be removed in time and the fallen insect fruits should be eliminated. From October to November, the old bark should be scraped off and the tree trunks should be whitewashed.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S1, the spacing between planting pit rows is 4mX4m, and the length, width and depth of the planting pit are all 50cm. The planting pit is dug one month before planting, and is disinfected with slaked lime after digging. EM bacterial solution is added to the leaves, straw and / or weeds in the planting pit, stirred evenly, and then covered with soil.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S2, before planting the sapling into the planting hole, two electrodes are first inserted around the planting hole, the bottom ends of the electrodes are inserted into the charcoal, the electrodes are electrically connected to the host power supply, and the soil of the planting hole is electrified for 10-20 minutes, and a dilute salt solution is poured into the planting hole while electrifying.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S3, after each fertilization and watering, the host power supply and the electrodes are energized to perform electrical stimulation treatment on the Longtan Pearl Plum tree for 2-5 minutes.

[0010] Furthermore, in step S3, the foliar fertilizer further comprises 0.5-5% of strigolactone and 0.5-10% of fertilizer synergist.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S4, the pruning tool includes two hinged scissor blades and handles respectively connected to the two scissor blades, the scissor blades and the handles are integrally formed, a storage cavity for storing a cut protective agent is provided inside the handle, a liquid outlet hole is provided on the outer side wall of the scissor blade, an infusion channel connected to the liquid outlet hole is provided inside the scissor blade and the handle, a pumping device is provided between the two handles, a liquid inlet end of the pumping device is connected to the storage cavity, and a liquid outlet end of the pumping device is connected to the infusion channel; the pumping device includes a cylinder and a piston rod, the piston rod is cooperatively connected to the cylinder, the bottom end of the cylinder is hinged to one of the handles, and the top end of the piston rod is hinged to the other handle The handle is hinged, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are respectively provided on the cylinder, the liquid inlet is connected with the storage cavity through a liquid inlet pipe, the liquid inlet pipe is provided with a first one-way valve, the liquid outlet is connected with the infusion channel through a liquid outlet pipe, and the liquid outlet pipe is provided with a second one-way valve; a liquid filling port is provided at the end of the handle away from the scissor blade, and a threaded structure is provided at the liquid filling port, and the handle is detachably connected with a plug or an extension handle through the threaded structure, and the extension handle is set to a hollow structure. When the handle is connected to the extension handle, the hollow structure is connected with the storage cavity; the cut protector is at least one of ash salt protector, Bordeaux pulp protector, soybean oil copper agent, rosin clear oil mixture, cow dung slurry and liquid wax.

[0012] Further, in step S5, the insecticide is at least one of methyl thiophanate, Bordeaux mixture, thiophanate-methyl, methyl thiophanate, maneb ammonium, agricultural streptomycin, fenitrothion, aphidron, high-efficiency cypermethrin and cypermethrin.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the invention include: using slaked lime to disinfect the planting pit, and after disinfection, adding EM bacterial liquid to leaves, straws and / or weeds for fermentation to neutralize the pH value of the soil in the planting pit; using charcoal to maintain the air permeability and water retention in the planting pit, and adsorb harmful microorganisms and pathogens in the soil, thereby reducing the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and the charcoal contains rich trace elements such as potassium and calcium, which are beneficial to the growth of Longtan Pearl Plum; through reasonable fertilizer and water management, shaping and pruning, and disease and insect pest control, the fruit yield and quality are improved, so that the Longtan Pearl Plum enters the peak fruit-bearing period in the fourth year, and the average annual yield per mu is 2600kg-2800kg, the average single fruit weight is 26g-30g, and the soluble solid content reaches more than 14.8%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the Longtan Pearl Plum planting method in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a pruning tool according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure numerals: 1 scissor blade; 2 handle; 3 storage cavity; 4 liquid outlet; 5 infusion channel; 6 pumping device; 601 cylinder; 602 piston rod; 603 liquid inlet; 604 liquid outlet; 605 liquid inlet pipe; 606 first one-way valve; 607 liquid outlet pipe; 608 second one-way valve; 7 liquid filling port; 8 threaded structure; 9 plug; 10 extended handle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] It should be noted that when a component is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another component, it can be directly on the other component or indirectly on the other component. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or indirectly connected to the other element. In addition, connection can be used for both fixing and circuit connection.

[0018] It should be understood that the terms "length", "width", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship, are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the embodiments of the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0019] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0020] Example 1

[0021] See also Figure 1 and Figure 2 The Longtan Pearl Plum planting method disclosed in this embodiment includes the following steps: S1, forest land preparation, selecting a gently sloping land or flat land with deep and fertile soil layer at an altitude of 400-900m, sheltered from the wind and facing the sun as the planting area, digging a planting pit in the planting area, disinfecting and drying the planting pit, filling the bottom of the planting pit with leaves, straw and / or weeds in the planting area and then backfilling the soil to 1 / 2 of the pit volume, adding charcoal particles and backfilling the soil to 2 / 3 of the pit volume, then adding decomposed organic fertilizer to fill the planting pit and backfilling the soil to exceed the pit mouth by 10-15cm, the planting pit row spacing is 4mX4m, and the length, width and depth of the planting pit are all 50cm The planting pit is dug one month before planting and disinfected with slaked lime. EM bacterial solution is added to the leaves, straw and / or weeds in the planting pit and stirred evenly before returning to the soil. The pH value of the leaves, straw and / or weeds treated with EM bacterial solution becomes acidic after fermentation, while the soil treated with slaked lime becomes alkaline. After the two are neutralized, the pH value of the soil in the planting pit is between 6.5-7.5, which meets the growth environment requirements of Longtan Pearl Plum. Charcoal particles have good air permeability and water retention, can absorb harmful microorganisms and pathogens in the soil, reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, and are rich in trace elements such as potassium and calcium, which are beneficial to the growth of Longtan Pearl Plum.

[0022] S2. Select seedlings and plant them. In February and March, select 60-100 cm tall seedlings for disinfection and root pulping. At the same time, dig 10-15 cm deep planting holes on the planting pits, just to the organic fertilizer layer. Plant the treated seedlings in the planting holes, cover them with soil, water them with rooting water, and cover them with mulch to keep them moist. Before planting the seedlings in the planting holes, insert two electrodes around the planting holes, insert the bottom ends of the electrodes into the charcoal, and both electrodes are electrically connected to the host power supply. The host power supply uses a 3DT series soil continuous cropping barrier electric treatment machine. The soil in the planting holes is energized for 10-20 minutes. While energizing, a dilute salt solution is poured into the planting holes. The charcoal acts as a mediating particle, and an electric current is passed into the soil in the planting holes to kill the pathogens in the soil. At the same time, the acidic electrolyzed water produced by the electrolysis of the dilute salt solution has a broad-spectrum bactericidal ability, which further kills the pathogens in the soil and improves the soil quality.

[0023] S3. Fertilizer and water management. Keep the soil moist within 10-20 days after planting. Replant missing seedlings or dead plants in time. Apply 0.3% urea solution after the seedlings turn green and survive. Fertilize at least 4 times a year thereafter. Water on the morning of the second day after fertilization. Apply 100 kilograms of 0.3% water-soluble fertilizer to each plant from February to March. February to March is the budding and flowering period of Longtan Pearl Plum trees. Water-soluble fertilizers are mainly quick-acting nitrogen fertilizers to meet the nutritional needs of budding and flowering and reduce falling flowers and fruits. Apply 200 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu from May to June. May to June is the early stage of physiological fruit drop and fruit expansion. At this time, Longtan Pearl Plum trees need a lot of nutrients, on the one hand to meet the needs of strong fruit, and on the other hand to prepare for flower bud differentiation. Compound fertilizer is comprehensive Nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, 800 kilograms of compound fertilizer per mu from July to August, July to August is the late stage of flower bud differentiation, and the compound fertilizer is mainly phosphorus and potassium. The purpose is to make the fruit grow well, improve the quality, improve the quality of flower bud differentiation, restore the tree vigor, and achieve high and stable yields. Ten days before fruit picking, spray 5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 20% leaf mul diluted 500 times + 5% strigolactone and 10% fertilizer enhancer and the rest water as foliar fertilizer. From September to October, 3000-4000 kilograms of farmyard manure, 40-60 kilograms of compound fertilizer, 100-200 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, and 30-60 kilograms of urea are applied per mu. After fruit picking from September to October, the tree needs to absorb and store a large amount of nutrients to restore the tree vigor and root growth and The formation of flower buds promotes the growth of new shoots and the flowering and fruiting rate in the following year; the number of fertilizations depends on the growth of the fruit trees and the yield of the plants. No watering is required during the flowering period in March and the ripening period in August; after each fertilization and watering, the host power supply and the electrodes are energized, and the Longtan Pearl Plum trees are subjected to electrical stimulation for 2-5 minutes. A low-voltage current of 30-100 mA is passed to stimulate the roots of the Longtan Pearl Plum trees to absorb more nutrients, improve the utilization rate of fertilizers, promote cell division and elongation of the Longtan Pearl Plum trees, and enhance the transpiration rate, thereby increasing the growth rate, yield and stress resistance of the Longtan Pearl Plum trees. Potassium dihydrogen phosphate contains high concentrations of phosphorus and potassium. Spraying before fruit picking can further improve fruit growth. The winter ammonia contained in the leaves Acid can promote the synthesis of chlorophyll and improve the efficiency of photosynthesis. Aspartic acid can also participate in the assembly and regulation of photosynthetic pigment complexes, further enhance the efficiency of photosynthesis, and improve fruit yield and quality. Strigolactone can reduce the transport of auxin and reduce the occurrence of plant branching, thereby controlling the number of plant branches. Fertilizer enhancers are a type of active substance that aims to increase nutrient effectiveness. They increase the supply of nutrients to crops by fixing nitrogen and activating phosphorus and potassium elements that are difficult to use in the soil, thereby improving the utilization rate of fertilizers. They can be sprayed before harvesting fruit. At the same time, the use of the above foliar fertilizers in combination with electrical stimulation can transfer most of the nutrients to the fruit, greatly improving the quality of the fruit.

[0024] S4. Shaping and pruning. In the year of planting, pruning tools are used to shape and prune the young trees, leaving two main branches on the trunk. In the summer of the second year, side branches are selected and the extended branches of the main branches are shortened in winter. The pruning steps of the second year are repeated in the third year. Thereafter, shortening, shortening, sprout removal, shoot thinning and branch pulling operations are carried out every summer and winter according to the production situation of the pearl plum trees. Flower branches are thinned during the bud stage every year, and the fruit trees enter the peak fruit-bearing period after 4 to 6 years. The pruning tool includes two hinged scissor blades 1 and handles 2 respectively connected to the two scissor blades 1. The scissor blades 1 and the handle 2 are integrally formed, and a storage cavity 3 for storing a cut protective agent is provided inside the handle 2. A liquid outlet hole 4 is opened on the outer side wall of the scissor blade 1. An infusion channel 5 connected to the liquid outlet hole 4 is provided inside the scissor blade 1 and the handle 2. A liquid pumping device 6 is provided between the two handles 2. The liquid inlet end of the liquid pumping device 6 is connected to the storage cavity 3, and the liquid outlet end of the liquid pumping device 6 is connected to the infusion channel 5. The liquid pumping device 6 includes a cylinder 601 and a piston rod 602, the piston rod 602 is connected to the cylinder 601, the bottom end of the cylinder 601 is hinged to a handle 2, the top end of the piston rod 602 is hinged to another handle 2, and the cylinder 601 is respectively provided with a liquid inlet 603 and a liquid outlet 604, the liquid inlet 603 is connected to the storage chamber 3 through a liquid inlet pipe 605, the liquid inlet pipe 605 is provided with a first one-way valve 606, the liquid outlet 604 is connected to the infusion channel 5 through a liquid outlet pipe 607, and the liquid outlet pipe 607 is provided with a second one-way valve 608. Specifically, the first one-way valve 606 and the second one-way valve 608 are both gas-liquid dual-purpose one-way valves. When pruning, the handle 2 is held and moved outward to open the scissor blade 1, and the piston rod 602 is pulled out of the cylinder 601 to form a negative pressure, and the cut protective agent stored in the storage chamber 3 enters the cylinder 601 through the liquid inlet pipe 605, the first one-way valve 606, and the liquid inlet 603. While the handle 2 moves toward each other for pruning, the piston rod 602 is pressed into the cylinder 601, and the cut protective agent entering the cylinder 601 is applied to the cut of the branch through the liquid outlet 604, the liquid outlet pipe 607, the second one-way valve 608, the infusion channel 5, and the liquid outlet hole 4. There is no need to manually apply the cut protective agent. It only takes an average of 2 minutes to prune a 3-year-old Longtan Pearl Plum tree, which can greatly improve the efficiency of pruning work.A liquid filling port 7 is provided at the end of the handle 2 away from the scissors blade 1, and a threaded structure 8 is provided at the liquid filling port 7. The handle 2 is detachably connected to a plug 9 or an extension handle 10 through the threaded structure 8. The cut end protective agent is added to the storage chamber 3 through the liquid filling port 7, and then the plug 9 can be used to seal it. The extension handle 10 is set to a hollow structure. When the handle 2 is connected to the extension handle 10, the hollow structure is connected to the storage chamber 3. On the one hand, the extension handle 10 can extend the handle 2 to facilitate pruning high branches, and on the other hand, it can increase the capacity of the storage chamber 3 to avoid frequent addition of cut end protective agent, which affects work efficiency. The cut end protective agent is at least one of ash salt protective agent, Bordeaux pulp protective agent, soybean oil copper agent, rosin clear oil mixture, cow dung slurry and liquid wax, wherein the ash salt protective agent is prepared by: using 1 kg of lime, 0.05 kg of salt, 1 kg of water, and a little fresh cow dung and mixing well; Bordeaux pulp protective agent Use 0.5 kg of copper sulfate, 1.5 kg of lime, and 7.5 kg of water to make Bordeaux slurry, then add 0.2 kg of animal oil and stir to make it; soybean oil copper agent is prepared by using 1 part of soybean oil, copper sulfate, and slaked lime. When preparing, first grind the copper sulfate and slaked lime into fine powder, then pour the soybean oil into the pot and boil it until it boils, then add the copper sulfate and slaked lime to the soybean oil, stir and cool it thoroughly to make it; rosin and clear oil mixture is prepared by using 1 part of rosin, clear oil (phenolic acid varnish), heat the clear oil to boiling, then add the rosin powder and mix well; cow dung slurry uses 6 parts of cow dung, 8 parts each of slaked lime and wood ash, 1 part of fine river sand, add water to make a paste and it can be used; liquid wax is prepared with 6 parts of rosin, 2 parts of animal oil, 2 parts of alcohol, and 1 part of turpentine. When preparing, first heat the rosin and animal oil at the same time to melt them, stir well, remove from heat and cool, then slowly add alcohol and turpentine and stir well.

[0025] S5. Disease and insect pest control: from December to February of each year, the garden is cleaned, fallen leaves, fallen fruits, insect buds, diseased branches and dead branches are cut off, and they are taken out of the garden for burning or buried deep on the spot. From February to March, the whole garden is sprayed with lime sulfur mixture. From April to May, insecticides are sprayed once. From June to July, dead and diseased branches are pruned. In August, diseases and insect pests are checked and targeted treatment is carried out in time. In September, the damaged and dead fruits are removed in time and the fallen insect fruits are eliminated. From October to November, the old bark is scraped off and the tree trunks are painted white. The insecticide is at least one of methyl thiophanate, Bordeaux mixture, chlorothalonil, methyl thiophanate, mancozeb, agricultural streptomycin, fenitrothion, aphidicide, high-efficiency flucythrin and cypermethrin.

[0026] The method of this embodiment was used to conduct a planting experiment at the applicant's planting base in Nali Village, Nazhi Township, Tiane County, Guangxi. One acre was set aside as a test plot, and 40 Longtan Pearl Plum seedlings with consistent growth conditions were selected for planting. The fruit-bearing period began in the fourth year of planting. The harvests for two consecutive years were statistically analyzed, with an average annual yield of 2800 kg per mu, an average single fruit weight of 30 g, a maximum fruit weight of 45 g, and a soluble solids content of 15.3%.

[0027] Embodiment 2:

[0028] The planting method of this embodiment is different from that of Example 1 in that: in step S2, the soil of the planting hole is electrified for 10 minutes; in step S3, 100 kilograms of compound fertilizer are applied per mu from May to June, 500 kilograms of compound fertilizer are applied per mu from July to August, and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5% foliar fertilizer diluted 500 times and the remainder of water are sprayed 10 days before fruit picking; 3,000 kilograms of farmyard manure, 40 kilograms of compound fertilizer, 100 kilograms of phosphate fertilizer, and 30 kilograms of urea are applied per mu from September to October; a planting test is also conducted at the applicant's planting base in Nali Village, Nazhi Township, Tian'e County, Guangxi, one mu is designated as a test plot, 40 Longtan Pearl Plum seedlings with consistent growth conditions are selected for planting, and the fruit-bearing period is entered in the fourth year of planting. The harvests for two consecutive years are statistically analyzed, and the average annual yield per mu is 2,600 kg, the average single fruit weight is 26 g, the maximum fruit weight is 40 g, and the soluble solid content is 14.8%.

[0029] Embodiment 3:

[0030] The planting method of this embodiment is different from that of embodiment 1 in that: in step S2, the soil of the planting hole is electrified for 15 minutes; in step S3, 150 catties of compound fertilizer is applied per mu from May to June, 650 catties of compound fertilizer is applied per mu from July to August, and 10 days before fruit picking, 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 5% leaf mulberry diluted 500 times + 0.5% strigolactone + 0.5% fertilizer synergist and the remainder of water is sprayed on the leaves; 350 kg of farmyard manure is applied per mu from September to October. 0 jin, 50 jin of compound fertilizer, 150 jin of phosphate fertilizer, and 50 jin of urea; the planting experiment was also carried out at the applicant's planting base in Nali Village, Nazhi Township, Tian'e County, Guangxi. One acre was designated as a test plot, and 40 Longtan Pearl Plum seedlings with consistent growth conditions were selected for planting. The fruit-bearing period began in the fourth year of planting. Statistics for two consecutive years showed an average annual yield of 2700kg per mu, an average single fruit weight of 28g, a maximum fruit weight of 42g, and a soluble solids content of 15.0%.

[0031] Comparative test example:

[0032] The comparative test example also carried out a planting test at the applicant's planting base in Nali Village, Nazhi Township, Tiane County, Guangxi, and 3 mu were set aside as test plots for comparative examples 1-3, and 40 Longtan Pearl Plum seedlings with the same growth conditions were selected for planting, and the fruit-bearing period was reached in the fifth year of planting; the difference between comparative example 1 and embodiment 1 was that foliar fertilizer was not sprayed 10 days before fruit picking, and the rest was the same. The harvests for two consecutive years were statistically analyzed, and the average annual yield per mu was 2500 kg, the average single fruit weight was 25 g, the maximum fruit weight was 39 g, and the soluble solid content was 13.9%; The difference between Comparative Example 2 and Example 1 is that the charcoal is omitted in step S1, the soil in the planting hole is not electrified in step S2, and no electrical stimulation is performed in step S3. The rest is the same, with an average annual yield per mu of 2400 kg, an average single fruit weight of 24 g, a maximum fruit weight of 36 g, and a soluble solid content of 14.2%; Comparative Example 3 is operated according to the existing conventional planting method, and the harvests for two consecutive years are statistically analyzed, with an average annual yield per mu of 2000 kg, an average single fruit weight of 23 g, a maximum fruit weight of 35 g, and a soluble solid content of 13.9%.

[0033] The actual measurement showed that the Longtan Pearl Plums of Example 1, Example 2 and Example 3 began to bear fruit in the second year, entered the peak fruit-bearing period in the fourth year, had an average annual yield of 2600kg-2800kg per mu, an average single fruit weight of 26g-30g, and a soluble solid content of more than 14.8%; the Longtan Pearl Plums of Comparative Examples 1 to 3 entered the peak fruit-bearing period in the fifth year, had an average annual yield of 2000kg-2550kg per mu, had a low and unstable yield, and had a low average single fruit weight and poor quality.

[0034] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific / preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, they can also make several substitutions or modifications to these described embodiments, and these substitutions or modifications should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention. In the description of this specification, the description of reference terms "an embodiment", "some embodiments", "preferred embodiments", "examples", "specific examples" or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in combination with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily target the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In the absence of mutual contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples. Although the embodiments of the present invention and their advantages have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of protection of the patent application.

Claims

1. A method for planting Longtan Pearl Plum, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Forest land preparation: Select a gently sloping or flat land with deep and fertile soil at an altitude of 400-900m, which is leeward and sunny, as the planting area. Dig a planting pit in the planting area, disinfect and sun-dry the planting pit, fill the bottom of the planting pit with leaves, straw and / or weeds in the planting area and then fill the soil to 1 / 2 of the pit volume, add charcoal and fill the soil to 2 / 3 of the pit volume, then add decomposed organic fertilizer to fill the planting pit and fill the soil to 10-15cm above the pit mouth; S2. Select seedlings for planting. In February and March, select 60-100 cm high seedlings for disinfection and root pulping. At the same time, dig 10-15 cm deep planting holes on the planting pits, plant the seedlings in the planting holes, cover with soil, water them with rooting water, and cover with mulch to keep them moist; S3. Fertilizer and water management: keep the soil moist within 10-20 days after planting, replant in time if missing seedlings or dead plants are found, apply 0.3% urea solution after the seedlings turn green and survive, and apply fertilizer at least 4 times a year thereafter, water the trees the next morning after fertilization, apply 100 catties of 0.3% water-soluble fertilizer per plant from February to March, apply 100-200 catties of compound fertilizer per mu from May to June, apply 500-800 catties of compound fertilizer per mu from July to August, and spray foliar fertilizer including 0.2-5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5-20% leaf fertilizer diluted 500 times and the remainder of water 10 days before fruit picking, apply 3000-4000 catties of farmyard manure, 40-60 catties of compound fertilizer, 100-200 catties of phosphate fertilizer, and 30-60 catties of urea per mu from September to October, and the number of fertilizations depends on the growth of the fruit trees and the yield of the trees, and no watering is done during the flowering period in March and the ripening period in August; S4. Shaping and pruning: Use pruning tools to prune the young trees in the year of planting, keep two main branches on the trunk, select side branches in the summer of the second year, and cut the extension branches of the main branches in winter. Repeat the pruning steps of the second year in the third year. After that, cut short, shorten, remove sprouts, thin out shoots and pull branches every summer and winter according to the production situation of the pearl plum trees. Thin out the flower branches during the bud stage every year. After 4 to 6 years, the fruit trees will enter the peak fruiting period; S5. Disease and pest control: From December to February of each year, the garden should be cleaned to remove fallen leaves, fruits, insect buds, and cut off diseased and dead branches, and take them out of the garden for burning or burying on the spot. From February to March, the whole garden should be sprayed with lime-sulfur mixture. From April to May, pesticides should be sprayed once. From June to July, dead and diseased branches should be pruned. In August, diseases and pests should be checked and targeted treatment should be taken in time. In September, the damaged and dead fruits should be removed in time and the fallen insect fruits should be eliminated. From October to November, the old bark should be scraped off and the tree trunks should be whitewashed.

2. The Longtan Pearl Plum planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the planting pit row spacing is 4mX4m, and the length, width and depth of the planting pit are all 50cm. The planting pit is dug one month before planting and disinfected with slaked lime. EM bacterial solution is added to the leaves, straw and / or weeds in the planting pit, stirred evenly and then covered with soil.

3. The Longtan Pearl Plum planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, before planting the sapling into the planting hole, two electrodes are first inserted around the planting hole, the bottom ends of the electrodes are inserted into the charcoal, the electrodes are electrically connected to the host power supply, the soil of the planting hole is electrified for 10-20 minutes, and a dilute salt solution is poured into the planting hole while electrifying.

4. The Longtan Pearl Plum planting method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step S3, after each fertilization and watering, the host power supply and the electrodes are energized to perform electrical stimulation treatment on the Longtan Pearl Plum tree for 2-5 minutes.

5. The Longtan Pearl Plum planting method according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step S3, the foliar fertilizer further comprises 0.5-5% of strigolactone and 0.5-10% of fertilizer synergist.

6. The Longtan Pearl Plum planting method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In step S4, the pruning tool includes two hinged scissor blades and handles respectively connecting the two scissor blades, the scissor blades and the handles are integrally formed, a storage cavity for storing a cut protective agent is provided inside the handle, a liquid outlet is provided on the outer side wall of the scissor blade, an infusion channel connected to the liquid outlet is provided inside the scissor blade and the handle, a liquid pumping device is provided between the two handles, a liquid inlet end of the liquid pumping device is connected to the storage cavity, and a liquid outlet end of the liquid pumping device is connected to the infusion channel.

7. The Longtan Pearl Plum planting method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid pumping device includes a cylinder and a piston rod, the piston rod is cooperatively connected to the cylinder, the bottom end of the cylinder is hinged to one of the handles, and the top end of the piston rod is hinged to the other handle. A liquid inlet and a liquid outlet are respectively provided on the cylinder, the liquid inlet is connected to the storage chamber through an inlet pipe, a first one-way valve is provided on the inlet pipe, the liquid outlet is connected to the infusion channel through an outlet pipe, and a second one-way valve is provided on the outlet pipe.

8. The Longtan Pearl Plum planting method according to claim 7, characterized in that: A liquid filling port is provided at one end of the handle away from the scissor blade, and a threaded structure is provided at the liquid filling port. The handle is detachably connected to a plug or an extension handle through the threaded structure, and the extension handle is configured as a hollow structure. When the handle is connected to the extension handle, the hollow structure is communicated with the storage cavity.

9. The Longtan Pearl Plum planting method according to claim 9, characterized in that: The cut protector is at least one of ash salt protector, Bordeaux pulp protector, soybean oil copper agent, rosin oil mixture, cow dung ash slurry and liquid wax.

10. The Longtan Pearl Plum planting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the insecticide is at least one of methyl thiophanate, Bordeaux mixture, thiophanate-methyl, methyl thiophanate, maneclonil, agricultural streptomycin, fenitrothion, aphidron, high-efficiency cypermethrin and cypermethrin.

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