Automatic feeding system for abalone culture and use method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic feeding system for abalone culture and a using method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of mariculture, the automatic feeding system comprises a hoisting module, a feeding module, a communication module and a control module which are electrically connected with one another, the hoisting module is used for hoisting a net cage to the water surface, and the feeding module is used for feeding feed into the net cage on the water surface; the control module instructs the hoisting module to hoist the net cage to the water surface; the communication module is used for acquiring current time and uploading the time to the control module, the control module instructs the hoisting module to adjust the hoisting frequency of the net cage according to the time, the control module instructs the hoisting module to improve the hoisting frequency in spring and autumn, and the control module instructs the hoisting module to reduce the hoisting frequency in winter; according to the intelligent feeding system, the current season, the seawater oxygen content and the seawater temperature are directly or indirectly obtained through the control module, the feeding frequency is correspondingly adjusted, intelligent feeding is completed, and then the influence of feed feeding on the feeding environment is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of marine aquaculture, and particularly relates to an automatic feeding system for abalone aquaculture and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Abalone is a marine organism that is widely used as food, so there is a demand for large-scale artificial breeding of abalone. Relevant industry personnel have set up a series of water facilities to carry out centralized breeding of abalone.

[0003] At present, the main methods of abalone culture are marine raft culture and deep-sea cage culture. In deep-sea culture, since the cage needs to be sunk to the seabed for culture, the feeding is inconvenient and the management is difficult. During feeding, it is very troublesome to pull up the cage for manual feeding, and due to the low efficiency, the cage takes a long time to pull out, causing the abalone to be separated from the seawater for a long time, increasing the mortality rate. For this reason, Chinese patent CN108157260B discloses an automated feeding device for abalone culture, wherein the automated feeding device is placed in the deep sea, and the automated feeding device comprises a feeding mechanism, a lifting mechanism, a feeding mechanism and a moving mechanism, wherein the feeding mechanism is set above the feeding mechanism, and the lifting mechanism is placed on the feeding mechanism. At the top of the feeding mechanism, the traveling mechanism is installed at the lower end of the feeding mechanism and fixed to the outer side of the fixed row in the feeding mechanism; the feeding mechanism moves forward and backward along the traveling mechanism, so that the lifting mechanism moves to the position just above the net cage in the feeding mechanism, the lifting mechanism lifts the net cage and transfers it to the position just below the feeding mechanism, and the feeding mechanism feeds the net cage in the feeding mechanism, thereby feeding the abalone in the net cage, which improves the feeding efficiency and solves the problems of feeding trouble in abalone net cage culture and the risk of death of abalone during feeding;

[0004] However, in the above structure, the feed feeding amount is precisely controlled only by adding a fixed amount of feed to the feeding box each time and then putting the fixed amount of feed into the net cage. However, different feeding amounts in the net cage are required in different situations. For example, the bait is composed of large fresh seaweeds such as kelp and agaricus or dried seaweed cut into segments. In summer, the water temperature is high, and the seaweed constituting the feed has a greater probability of rotting. It is more likely that excessive humus will lead to an increase in ammonia nitrogen in the water and a decrease in dissolved oxygen, thereby causing the aquaculture water quality to deteriorate. Under the premise that the single feeding amount remains unchanged, too frequent feeding will cause the water quality to deteriorate. In spring or autumn, the water temperature is low and the probability of feed rotting is lower. At this time, the feed fed once can be stored for a longer time without affecting the water body, and the abalone is more active in the growth period, so it is necessary to increase the frequency of floating the net cage for feeding. For this reason, an automatic feeding system for abalone aquaculture with high flexibility in adjusting the feed feeding amount and a method for using the system are needed. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an automatic feeding system for abalone farming and a use method thereof, which has the characteristics of high flexibility in adjusting the feed delivery amount.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] An automatic feeding system for abalone farming comprises a lifting module, a feeding module, a communication module and a control module electrically connected to each other, wherein the lifting module is used to lift a net cage to the water surface, the feeding module is used to feed feed into the net cage on the water surface, the control module instructs the lifting module to lift the net cage to the water surface, and the control module instructs the feeding module to feed feed into the net cage when the lifting module lifts the net cage to the water surface;

[0008] The communication module is used to obtain the current time and upload the time to the control module. The control module instructs the lifting module to adjust the lifting frequency of the cage according to the time. The control module instructs the lifting module to increase the lifting frequency in spring and autumn, and instructs the lifting module to reduce the lifting frequency in winter.

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the communication module is used to obtain the current time and upload the time t to the control module, and the control module instructs the lifting module to adjust the lifting frequency to once F(t) days.

[0010] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the control module adjusts the feed amount to the net cage according to the time instruction feeding module, and the control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feed amount in spring and autumn. The control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feed amount in spring and autumn.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feeding amount to L, wherein L=G(t)×L0.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, it also includes a sensor module, which is electrically connected to the control module. The sensor module is used to detect the oxygen content of seawater and upload the oxygen content data to the control module. When the oxygen content exceeds a threshold value, the control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount. When the oxygen content is lower than the threshold value, the control module instructs the feeding module to reduce the feeding amount.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sensor module is used to detect the oxygen content of seawater and upload the oxygen content data Y to the control module. The control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feed amount to L×A1, wherein A1=Y0 / Y, and Y0 is the oxygen content constant pre-input into the control module.

[0014] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sensor module is used to detect the seawater temperature and upload the temperature data to the control module. When the temperature exceeds the threshold, the control module instructs the feeding module to reduce the feeding amount. When the oxygen content is lower than the threshold, the control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sensor module is used to detect the seawater temperature W and upload the temperature data to the control module. The control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feeding amount to L×A1×A2, where A2=W0 / W, and W0 is a temperature constant pre-input into the control module.

[0016] A method for using an automatic feeding system for abalone farming is applicable to the above-mentioned automatic feeding system for abalone farming, and comprises the following steps:

[0017] Step 1: The communication module obtains the current time and uploads the time to the control module, and the control module calculates the time since the last lifting of the cage;

[0018] Step 2: The control module determines the current season;

[0019] Step 3: Control whether the module is spring or autumn. If the judgment result is yes, execute step 4; otherwise, execute step 5.

[0020] Step 4: The control module shortens the lifting time and executes step 6;

[0021] Step 5: The control module extends the lifting time and executes step 6;

[0022] Step 6: The control module determines whether the time from the last lifting of the cage is greater than the lifting time. If the judgment result is yes, execute step 7, otherwise return to step 1;

[0023] Step 7: The control module instructs the lifting module to lift the cage.

[0024] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0025] (1) The season is determined by making the control module obtain the current time. In summer, when the water temperature is high and feeding too frequently will cause the water quality to deteriorate, the feeding frequency is reduced. In spring or autumn, when the water temperature is low, the probability of feed decay is lower. At this time, the feed fed once can be stored for a longer time without affecting the water body, and the abalone is more active during the growth period. When it is necessary to increase the frequency of floating the cage for feeding, the floating feeding frequency is increased, and the lifting frequency is adjusted according to the season, thereby adjusting the feeding frequency, thereby improving the flexibility of adjusting the feed input amount;

[0026] (2) The oxygen content of seawater is detected by setting a sensor module, and the control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount when the oxygen content exceeds a threshold value, and instructs the feeding module to reduce the feeding amount when the oxygen content is lower than the threshold value. When the oxygen content is high and the feed corruption has a small impact on the feeding environment, the feeding amount is increased to reduce the probability of insufficient feed, and when the oxygen content is low and the feed corruption has a large impact on the feeding environment, the feeding amount is reduced to reduce the impact of the feed input on the feeding environment;

[0027] (3) The seawater temperature is detected by setting a sensor module, and the control module instructs the feeding module to reduce the feeding amount when the temperature exceeds the threshold. The control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount when the seawater temperature is lower than the threshold. When the seawater temperature is high and the impact of feed corruption on the breeding environment is small, the feeding amount is increased to reduce the probability of feed shortage. When the seawater temperature is low and the impact of feed corruption on the breeding environment is large, the feeding amount is reduced to reduce the impact of the feed input on the breeding environment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the execution steps of the system of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a schematic side view of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a front view schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 FIG. 4 is a control loop block diagram of the present invention.

[0033] Description of main component symbols:

[0034] In the figure: 1. Lifting module; 2. Feeding module 3. Net box; 4. Control module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.

[0036] See also Figure 1-4 , an automatic feeding system for abalone farming, comprising a lifting module, a feeding module, a communication module and a control module electrically connected to each other, the lifting module is used to lift the net cage to the water surface, the feeding module is used to feed the net cage on the water surface, the control module instructs the lifting module to lift the net cage to the water surface, and the control module instructs the feeding module to feed the net cage when the lifting module lifts the net cage to the water surface;

[0037] Specifically, the lifting module is used not only to lift the cage from the aquaculture area in the seawater to the sea surface, but also to drive the cage to move directly below the feeding port.

[0038] At the same time, each cage includes at least a feeding port, which is set to be one-way open to prevent abalone in the cage from escaping;

[0039] Since the control module controls the lifting of the net cage by the lifting module through the lifting program, the control module can judge whether the lifting is completed according to whether the lifting program is executed. When it is judged that the lifting is completed, the feeding port is directly above the feeding port of the net cage, and the control module instructs the feeding module to throw the feed. The feed falls to the feeding port under the action of gravity and enters the net cage through the one-way opening feeding port, completing the automatic feeding of the net cage;

[0040] Specifically, the control module itself also includes a timer, which is used to count the time when the asset last executed the lifting procedure. This time represents the time since the last feeding. When the time exceeds the date of the feeding frequency, for example, feeding is required every two days, and the timer shows that more than two days have passed since the last execution of the lifting procedure, it means that a new feeding is required. Therefore, the control module determines once a second whether the time recorded by the timer exceeds the date of the feeding frequency. When the judgment result is yes, the control module instructs the lifting module to lift the cage, and then executes the subsequent automatic feeding steps.

[0041] Since the bait is composed of large fresh seaweed or dried seaweed cut into segments such as kelp and agaragar, and in summer, the water temperature is high, the seaweed that constitutes the feed is more likely to rot, and it is more likely that excessive humus will lead to an increase in ammonia nitrogen in the water and a decrease in dissolved oxygen, which will lead to the deterioration of aquaculture water quality. Under the premise that the single feeding amount remains unchanged, too frequent feeding will lead to deterioration of water quality. It is necessary to feed in small amounts and multiple times to increase the feeding frequency. In spring or autumn, the water temperature is lower and the probability of feed rot is lower. The feed fed at this time can be stored for a longer time without affecting the water body, and then it is necessary to properly maintain the frequency of cage floating feeding, so that the cage floating feeding frequency needs to be maintained at a moderate level in winter;

[0042] To this end, the communication module is used to obtain the current time and upload the time to the control module. The control module instructs the lifting module to adjust the lifting frequency of the cage according to the time. The control module instructs the lifting module to increase the lifting frequency in spring and autumn, and instructs the lifting module to reduce the lifting frequency in winter.

[0043] Specifically, the communication module is used to download the current time data accurate to the day from the public timing platform and upload it to the control module. After receiving the time data, the control module calculates the number of days from the time displayed in the time data to the last January 1, and then determines the season and the corresponding feeding frequency according to the size of the number of days;

[0044] For judging the season and the corresponding feeding frequency, the control module inputs the function F(t) for judging the date and feeding amount in advance, and the control module instructs the hoisting module to adjust the hoisting frequency to once every F(t) days, wherein F(t)=2sin(t / 88+3)+3, t is the number of days, 0≤t≤365, and the value of F(t) is the integer of the function value. If it is a leap year, when t>365, the control module takes t=365, and if it is not a leap year, when t=365, it means that the next date is January 1st of the new year. At this time, after the control module downloads the time data and calculates, the displayed time is t=0, the number of days from the last January 1st.

[0045] At the same time, for the process of adjusting the lifting frequency, specifically, after each lifting is performed, the lifting module sends a lifting completion signal to the control module. After each lifting completion signal is received, the control module checks the value Z of F(t)=2sin(t / 88+3)+3, and then the control module instructs the lifting module to perform another lifting Z days from now, thereby completing the adjustment of the lifting frequency of the lifting module;

[0046] When the current time is spring or autumn, it is necessary to properly maintain the frequency of cage floating and feeding. According to the function graph of F(t), when t is close to 0 and 270, the value of F(t)=2sin(t / 88+3)+3 is close to 3. At this time, the control module instructs the lifting module to perform lifting and feeding once every 3 days, so as to maintain the frequency of cage floating and feeding at an appropriate level in spring or autumn.

[0047] When the current time is summer, it is necessary to increase the frequency of floating cage feeding. When t is close to 90, the value of F(t)=2sin(t / 88+3)+3 is close to 1. At this time, the control module instructs the lifting module to perform lifting and feeding once a day, thereby increasing the frequency of floating feeding in summer.

[0048] When the current time is winter, the frequency of floating cage feeding needs to be reduced. When t is close to 360, the value of F(t)=2sin(t / 88+3)+3 exceeds 4. At this time, the control module instructs the lifting module to perform lifting and feeding once every 4 days, thereby reducing the frequency of floating feeding in winter.

[0049] By enabling the control module to obtain the current time to determine the season, the feeding frequency can be reduced in summer when the water temperature is high and too frequent feeding will cause the water quality to deteriorate. In spring or autumn, the water temperature is low and the probability of feed rot is lower. At this time, the feed fed once can be stored for a longer time without affecting the water body, and abalone is more active during its growth period. Therefore, when it is necessary to increase the frequency of floating the cage for feeding, the frequency of floating feeding is increased, and the lifting frequency is adjusted according to the season, and then the feeding frequency is adjusted, thereby improving the flexibility of adjusting the feed delivery amount.

[0050] In the above process, the feeding amount of the feeding module during the single feeding will also affect the total feed input amount. In spring and autumn, abalone is in the growth period and the activity and intake are high, so it is necessary to replenish feed in time. In summer, the probability of residual feed corruption is high, and a small amount of high-frequency low-feed is needed to ensure that the abalone survives while reducing the feed residual rate. In winter, the floating frequency is low, and the abalone activity is low and the intake is small. Therefore, it is also necessary to reduce the feeding amount. For this reason, the control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount in spring and autumn, and reduces the feeding amount in summer and winter.

[0051] Specifically, the control module is pre-input with a standard feed amount L0, and each time the control module feeds, the control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feeding amount to L;

[0052] Wherein, L = G(t) × L0, G(t) = 2sin(t / 29-1.5)+3, 0≤t≤365;

[0053] When t is in spring or autumn, the value of t is close to 90 and 270, at which time the value of G(t) is large, close to 5, and the value of L=G(t)×L0 is large, which is completed when timely supplementation of feed is needed in spring and autumn, and the single feeding amount is increased;

[0054] When t is in summer or winter, the value of t is close to 180 and 360. At this time, the value of G(t) is small, close to 1, and the value of L=G(t)×L0 is large. When the probability of residual feed corruption is high or the abalone intake is low, the single feeding amount is reduced.

[0055] Under different circumstances, the oxygen content of seawater is different. When the oxygen content is high, the feed spoils faster, and it is necessary to reduce the feeding amount, reduce the amount of residual feed, and thus reduce the probability of spoilage. When the oxygen content is low and the probability of feed spoilage is slow, it is necessary to increase the feeding amount to ensure sufficient aquaculture feed. For this purpose, a sensor module is also included. The sensor module is electrically connected to the control module. The sensor module is used to detect the oxygen content of seawater and upload the oxygen content data to the control module. When the oxygen content exceeds a threshold, the control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount. When the oxygen content is lower than a threshold, the control module instructs the feeding module to reduce the feeding amount.

[0056] Specifically, the control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feeding amount to L×A1, where A1=Y0 / Y, and Y0 is the oxygen content constant pre-input into the control module;

[0057] When Y is larger, it means that the oxygen content is higher and the feed amount needs to be reduced. At this time, the value of A1=Y0 / Y is smaller. When the control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feed amount to L×A1, the feed amount is reduced when the oxygen content is higher.

[0058] When Y is small, it means that the oxygen content is small and the feed amount needs to be increased. At this time, the value of A1=Y0 / Y is large. When the control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feed amount to L×A1, the feed amount is increased when the oxygen content is small.

[0059] The oxygen content of seawater is detected by setting a sensor module, and the control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount when the oxygen content exceeds a threshold value, and instructs the feeding module to reduce the feeding amount when the oxygen content is lower than a threshold value. When the oxygen content is high and the impact of feed corruption on the breeding environment is small, the feeding amount is increased to reduce the probability of feed shortage. When the oxygen content is low and the impact of feed corruption on the breeding environment is large, the feeding amount is reduced to reduce the impact of the feed input on the breeding environment.

[0060] The sensor module is used to detect the seawater temperature and upload the temperature data to the control module. When the temperature exceeds the threshold, the control module instructs the feeding module to reduce the feeding amount. When the seawater temperature is lower than the threshold, the control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount.

[0061] The seawater temperature is detected by setting a sensor module, and the control module instructs the feeding module to reduce the feeding amount when the temperature exceeds the threshold. The control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount when the seawater temperature is lower than the threshold. When the seawater temperature is high and the impact of feed corruption on the breeding environment is small, the feeding amount is increased to reduce the probability of feed shortage. When the seawater temperature is low and the impact of feed corruption on the breeding environment is large, the feeding amount is reduced to reduce the impact of the feed input on the breeding environment.

[0062] Specifically, the control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feeding amount to L×A1×A2, wherein A2=W0 / W, and W0 is a temperature constant pre-input into the control module.

[0063] The present invention also includes a method for using the automatic feeding system for abalone farming, which is applicable to the automatic feeding system for abalone farming, and includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1: The communication module obtains the current time and uploads the time to the control module, and the control module calculates the time since the last lifting of the cage;

[0065] Step 2: The control module determines the current season;

[0066] Step 3: Control whether the module is spring or autumn. If the judgment result is yes, execute step 4; otherwise, execute step 5.

[0067] Step 4: The control module shortens the lifting time and executes step 6;

[0068] Step 5: The control module extends the lifting time and executes step 6;

[0069] Step 6: The control module determines whether the time from the last lifting of the cage is greater than the lifting time. If the judgment result is yes, execute step 7, otherwise return to step 1;

[0070] Step 7: The control module instructs the lifting module to lift the cage.

[0071] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Although the present invention has been disclosed as a preferred embodiment as above, it is not used to limit the present invention. Any technical personnel in this field can make some changes or modify the technical contents disclosed above into equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any brief modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic feeding system for abalone culture, characterized in that: It comprises a lifting module, a feeding module, a communication module and a control module which are electrically connected to each other, wherein the lifting module is used to lift the net cage to the water surface, the feeding module is used to feed the net cage on the water surface, the control module instructs the lifting module to lift the net cage to the water surface, and the control module instructs the feeding module to feed the net cage when the lifting module lifts the net cage to the water surface; The communication module is used to obtain the current time and upload the time to the control module. The control module instructs the lifting module to adjust the lifting frequency of the cage according to the time. The control module instructs the lifting module to increase the lifting frequency in spring and autumn, and instructs the lifting module to reduce the lifting frequency in winter.

2. The automatic feeding system for abalone culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The communication module is used to obtain the current time and upload the time t to the control module, and the control module instructs the lifting module to adjust the lifting frequency to once F(t) days, where F(t)=2sin(t / 88+3)+3, 0≤t≤365.

3. An automatic feeding system for abalone culture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feeding amount to the net cage according to the time instruction. The control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount in spring and autumn. The control module instructs the feeding module to reduce the feeding amount in summer or winter.

4. An automatic feeding system for abalone culture according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feeding amount to L, wherein L=G(t)×L0, G(t)=2sin(t / 29-1.5)+3, 0≤t≤365.

5. The automatic feeding system for abalone culture according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a sensor module, which is electrically connected to the control module. The sensor module is used to detect the oxygen content of seawater and upload the oxygen content data to the control module. When the oxygen content exceeds a threshold, the control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount. When the oxygen content is lower than a threshold, the control module instructs the feeding module to reduce the feeding amount.

6. The automatic feeding system for abalone culture according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sensor module is used to detect the oxygen content of seawater and upload the oxygen content data Y to the control module. The control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feeding amount to L×A1, where A1=Y0 / Y, and Y0 is the oxygen content constant pre-input into the control module.

7. The automatic feeding system for abalone culture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The sensor module is used to detect the seawater temperature and upload the temperature data to the control module. When the temperature exceeds a threshold, the control module instructs the feeding module to reduce the feeding amount. When the oxygen content is lower than a threshold, the control module instructs the feeding module to increase the feeding amount.

8. The automatic feeding system for abalone culture according to claim 7, characterized in that: The sensor module is used to detect the seawater temperature W and upload the temperature data to the control module. The control module instructs the feeding module to adjust the feeding amount to L×A1×A2, where A2=W0 / W, and W0 is a temperature constant pre-input into the control module.

9. A method for using an automatic feeding system for abalone culture, characterized in that: An automatic feeding system for abalone farming applicable to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps: Step 1: The communication module obtains the current time and uploads the time to the control module, and the control module calculates the time since the last lifting of the cage; Step 2: The control module determines whether it is spring or autumn, and if the determination result is yes, execute step 3, otherwise execute step 4; Step 3: The control module shortens the lifting time and executes step 5; Step 4: The control module extends the lifting time and executes step 5; Step 5: The control module determines whether the time from the last lifting of the cage is greater than the lifting time. If the judgment result is yes, execute step 6, otherwise return to step 1; Step six: The control module instructs the lifting module to lift the cage.

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