Artificial bone scaffold and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to an artificial bone scaffold and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of biomedical materials. According to the main technical scheme, the preparation method of the artificial bone scaffold comprises the following steps: adding polycaprolactone and amorphous phosphate into an organic solvent for mixing treatment; and volatilizing the organic solvent to obtain the composite material. Wherein the amorphous phosphate comprises amorphous calcium phosphate and / or doped amorphous calcium phosphate; and preparing the composite material into the artificial bone scaffold. The prepared artificial bone scaffold is adjustable in porosity and good in hole connectivity, and has good osteoinductivity and an immunoregulation function. Meanwhile, the amorphous calcium phosphate material can release active ions such as calcium and zinc in the degradation process, and the elements can influence the growth of blood vessels in early-stage sclerotin and regulate and control the growth and remodeling of middle and later-stage sclerotin, so that the biological activity of the artificial bone scaffold is greatly improved. In addition, personalized bone defect repair can be realized through 3D printing of the artificial bone scaffold, and bone formability is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of biomedical materials, and in particular to an artificial bone scaffold and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] According to statistics, there are more than 6 million patients with skeletal system dysfunction caused by accidents, diseases, etc. in my country every year. With the continuous aggravation of the aging population, the number of patients suffering from skeletal system diseases will continue to grow, and the clinical demand for the treatment of bone defect diseases is becoming increasingly urgent. Traditional bone defect treatment methods include autologous bone transplantation, allogeneic bone transplantation and artificial bone transplantation. Although autologous bone is an ideal bone defect repair material, the bone harvesting process increases the trauma and pain of the patient, and the bone supply source is limited, shaping is difficult, and it is difficult to meet the needs of large bone transplantation. Allogeneic bone may spread the disease and cause postoperative complications due to the existence of immune rejection. Therefore, artificial bone transplantation has become a common method for the treatment of bone defects.

[0003] Compared with traditional implanted bone repair materials, biodegradable 3D printed artificial bone materials can achieve personalized shape customization, and have the advantages of adjustable porosity and high bioactivity. Therefore, it has good application prospects in clinical orthopedics, dentistry and other fields.

[0004] At present, the most widely used biodegradable artificial bone materials in clinical application include calcium phosphate ceramics, calcium sulfate ceramics, polycaprolactone, and polylactic acid polymer materials. Although these materials have good biocompatibility, they have at least the following problems as artificial bone scaffolds: (1) low biological activity, which is not conducive to stimulating bone regeneration and the rapid growth of new bone; (2) poor pore connectivity, which cannot achieve a perfect match with the defect site. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of this, the present invention provides an artificial bone scaffold and a preparation method thereof, the main purpose of which is to improve the biological activity of the artificial bone scaffold.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention mainly provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an artificial bone scaffold, which comprises the following steps:

[0008] Step 1): adding polycaprolactone and amorphous phosphate to an organic solvent for mixing; volatilizing the organic solvent to obtain a composite material; wherein the amorphous phosphate includes amorphous calcium phosphate and / or doped amorphous calcium phosphate;

[0009] Step 2): preparing the composite material into an artificial bone scaffold.

[0010] Preferably, the doped amorphous calcium phosphate is zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate; preferably, in the zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate: the molar ratio of zinc ions to calcium ions is 0.05-0.50; the molar ratio of the sum of calcium ions and zinc ions to phosphate ions is 1.45-1.55.

[0011] Preferably, the method for preparing the zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate comprises:

[0012] A first mixed solution is prepared; wherein the first mixed solution comprises diammonium hydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 1 to 25 g / L, polyacrylic acid with a concentration of 0.1 to 5 g / L, and a volatile solvent;

[0013] A second mixed solution is prepared; wherein the second mixed solution comprises calcium chloride with a concentration of 2-50 g / L, zinc chloride with a concentration of 2-50 g / L, and a volatile solvent;

[0014] The first mixed solution and the second mixed solution are mixed, and zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate is obtained after the volatile solvent evaporates.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation steps of the amorphous calcium phosphate include:

[0016] The preparation steps of the amorphous calcium phosphate include:

[0017] A first mixed solution is prepared; wherein the first mixed solution comprises diammonium hydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 1 to 25 g / L, polyacrylic acid with a concentration of 0.1 to 5 g / L, and a volatile solvent;

[0018] A second mixed solution is prepared; wherein the second mixed solution comprises calcium chloride with a concentration of 2-50 g / L and a volatile solvent;

[0019] The first mixed solution and the second mixed solution are mixed, and after the volatile solvent evaporates, amorphous calcium phosphate is obtained.

[0020] Preferably, in step 1), the average particle size of the amorphous phosphate is 10 to 500 nm; and / or the molar ratio of calcium ions to phosphate ions in the amorphous calcium phosphate is 1.45 to 1.55.

[0021] Preferably, in step 1), the number average molecular weight of the polycaprolactone is 36,000 to 100,000; and / or the mass ratio of the amorphous phosphate to the polycaprolactone is 0.05 to 1:1; and / or the mass ratio of the total mass of the amorphous phosphate and the polycaprolactone to the organic solvent is 1:5 to 10.

[0022] Preferably, in step 1), the organic solvent is one or more of chloroform, dimethylformamide and dichloromethane; and / or the mixing treatment time is 0.5-6h; and / or the organic solvent volatilization temperature is 20-45°C and the volatilization time is 0.5-48h.

[0023] Preferably, in the step 2), the composite material is subjected to a melt extrusion 3D printing process to obtain an artificial bone scaffold with a desired porosity and wire width; preferably, the porosity is 50-90%, and the wire width is 200-1000 μm.

[0024] Preferably, in the melt extrusion 3D printing process: the melt extrusion temperature is 80 to 180° C., the melt extrusion speed is 0.05 to 0.5 mm / s, and the moving speed of the print head is 1 to 15 mm / s.

[0025] On the other hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides an artificial bone scaffold, wherein the material of the artificial bone scaffold is a composite material of polycaprolactone and amorphous phosphate; wherein the amorphous phosphate includes amorphous calcium phosphate and / or doped amorphous calcium phosphate; preferably, the doped amorphous calcium phosphate is zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate; preferably, the mass ratio of the amorphous phosphate to polycaprolactone is 0.05 to 1:1; preferably, the porosity of the artificial bone scaffold is 50 to 90%; preferably, the artificial bone scaffold is a melt-extruded 3D printed artificial bone scaffold; further preferably, the wire width is 200 to 1000 μm.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the artificial bone scaffold and the preparation method thereof of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0027] On the one hand, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an artificial bone scaffold, comprising the following steps: step 1), adding polycaprolactone and amorphous phosphate to an organic solvent for mixing treatment; after the organic solvent is volatilized, a composite material is obtained; wherein the amorphous phosphate includes amorphous calcium phosphate and / or doped amorphous calcium phosphate; step 2), the composite material is prepared into an artificial bone scaffold. Here, the present invention uses a wet chemical method to uniformly mix polycaprolactone and amorphous phosphate to prepare a composite material (here, the wet chemical mixing method makes it difficult for the composite material to have the problem of nano material agglomeration), and then the composite material is prepared into an artificial bone scaffold. During the use of the artificial bone scaffold, as the polycaprolactone material degrades, the amorphous phosphate material doped therein can be released, and the amorphous phosphate material can quickly release calcium ions (preferably also zinc ions), which has osteogenic and immunomodulatory effects, is conducive to stimulating bone regeneration, and can improve the biological activity of the material. In addition, the amorphous material can be rapidly degraded and released within 24 hours, which is conducive to stimulating the rapid growth of new bone.

[0028] Furthermore, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an artificial bone scaffold, which is mainly to obtain an artificial bone scaffold with the required porosity and wire width by melt extrusion 3D printing of a composite material. Here, the shape of the artificial bone scaffold prepared by melt extrusion 3D printing can be customized to match the shape of the defect site, achieve personalized bone defect repair, and improve bone formability; and the porosity, pore size and compression strength of the artificial bone scaffold prepared by melt extrusion 3D printing are adjustable, which is conducive to the growth of new bone.

[0029] In summary, compared with traditional degradable ceramics, polymers and other bone repair materials, the artificial bone scaffold prepared by the embodiment of the present invention has adjustable porosity, good pore connectivity, good bone inductivity and immunomodulatory function. At the same time, amorphous calcium phosphate materials can release active ions such as calcium and zinc during the degradation process. In biomedical bone repair materials, such elements can affect the growth of blood vessels in the early bone, regulate the growth and remodeling of the middle and late bone, and greatly improve the biological activity of artificial bone materials. In addition, 3D printed artificial bone scaffolds can realize personalized bone defect repair and improve bone formability. It plays an important role in the treatment of large bone segments, bone tumor resection and alveolar bone defects, and has good application prospects in the biomedical field.

[0030] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is the morphology of amorphous calcium phosphate;

[0032] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an artificial bone scaffold with a mass fraction of amorphous calcium phosphate of 5wt% and a porosity of 90%;

[0033] Figure 3 is the morphology of zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate;

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of an artificial bone scaffold with a zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate having a mass fraction of 5wt% and a porosity of 90%;

[0035] Figure 5 It is an artificial bone scaffold with a mass fraction of amorphous calcium phosphate of 10wt% and a porosity of 70%;

[0036] Figure 6 It is a microscopic morphology energy spectrum diagram of an artificial bone scaffold with a mass fraction of amorphous calcium phosphate of 50wt% and a porosity of 50%.

[0037] Figure 7These are the MC3T3-E1 cell immunofluorescence images of the artificial bone scaffold of Comparative Example 2 and the artificial bone scaffold of Example 1. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention application are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures, or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0039] The embodiment of the present invention provides an artificial bone scaffold and a preparation method thereof, wherein the artificial bone scaffold is prepared using a polycaprolactone-amorphous phosphate composite material as a raw material, and as the polycaprolactone material degrades, the amorphous phosphate material doped therein can be released, and the amorphous phosphate can quickly release calcium ions and zinc ions, which is beneficial to stimulate bone regeneration, improve osteogenesis, and have an immunomodulatory function. Therefore, the artificial bone scaffold has excellent biological activity. Furthermore, the artificial bone scaffold is prepared using a 3D printing method, so that the shape of the scaffold can be customized, and a perfect match with the defective part is achieved, and the porosity of the artificial bone scaffold is adjustable, and the air connectivity is good, which is beneficial to the growth of new bone tissue. Therefore, the artificial bone scaffold of the present invention has good clinical application prospects.

[0040] The main scheme of the present invention is as follows:

[0041] On the one hand, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for preparing an artificial bone scaffold, which comprises the following steps:

[0042] Step 1): adding polycaprolactone and amorphous phosphate into an organic solvent for mixing (uniformly mixing and dissolving); volatilizing the organic solvent to obtain a composite material; wherein the amorphous phosphate includes amorphous calcium phosphate and / or doped amorphous calcium phosphate.

[0043] Preferably, the average particle size of the amorphous phosphate is 10-50 nm; the molar ratio of calcium ions to phosphate ions in the amorphous calcium phosphate is 1.45-1.55. By controlling this ratio, the properties and performance of the artificial bone scaffold are closer to those of human bones.

[0044] Preferably, the doped amorphous calcium phosphate is zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate; in the zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate, the molar ratio of zinc ions to calcium ions is 0.05-0.50, and the molar ratio of the sum of calcium ions and zinc ions to phosphate ions is 1.45-1.55.

[0045] Preferably, the number average molecular weight of polycaprolactone is 36,000-100,000.

[0046] Preferably, the mass ratio of amorphous calcium phosphate to polycaprolactone is 0.05-1:1 to ensure the strength and biological function of the artificial bone scaffold. The mass ratio of the total mass of amorphous calcium phosphate and polycaprolactone to the organic solvent is 1:5-10.

[0047] Preferably, the organic solvent is chloroform, dimethylformamide or dichloromethane, and the dissolution time is 0.5-6h.

[0048] Preferably, the temperature for solvent evaporation is 20-45° C., and the time for solvent evaporation is 0.5-48 h.

[0049] Step 2): preparing the composite material into an artificial bone scaffold.

[0050] In this step: the composite material is subjected to melt extrusion 3D printing treatment to obtain an artificial bone scaffold with the required porosity and wire width; preferably, the porosity is 50-90%, and the wire width is 200-1000 μm. Wherein, in the melt extrusion 3D printing process: the melt extrusion temperature is 80-180°C, the melt extrusion speed is 0.05-0.5 mm / s, and the moving speed of the print head is 1-15 mm / s. Here, the melt extrusion 3D printing process parameters are determined according to the physical and chemical properties of the composite material.

[0051] The present invention is further described below through specific implementation:

[0052] Example 1

[0053] This embodiment prepares an artificial bone scaffold, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0054] Step 1): 0.5 g of amorphous calcium phosphate having an average particle size of about 50 nm and a molar ratio of calcium ions to phosphate ions of 1.45 (wherein the morphology of amorphous calcium phosphate is shown in Figure 1 As shown, the shape is spherical, and the average particle size is about 50nm) and 9.5g of polycaprolactone with a molecular weight of 36000 are added to 100g of dichloromethane organic solvent, dissolved (i.e., mixed) at room temperature for 0.5h, and then the mixed solution is subjected to solvent evaporation at room temperature for 24h to obtain a composite material.

[0055] Step 2): Put the composite material into the barrel of a melt extrusion 3D printer, set the melt extrusion temperature to 80°C, the melt extrusion speed to 0.05 mm / s, the moving speed of the print head to 1 mm / s, the printed wire width to 0.5 mm, and obtain an artificial bone scaffold containing an amorphous calcium phosphate mass fraction of 5 wt% and a porosity of 90%.

[0056] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of an artificial bone scaffold prepared in this embodiment with a mass fraction of amorphous calcium phosphate of 5wt% and a porosity of 90%; wherein, the height of the artificial bone scaffold is 13mm and the diameter is 13mm.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment prepares an artificial bone scaffold, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1): 0.5 g of zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate having an average particle size of 80 nm and a molar ratio of the sum of calcium ions and zinc ions to phosphate ions of 1.55 (wherein, in the zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate, the molar ratio of zinc ions to calcium ions is 0.25; the morphology of the zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the shape is spherical, and the average particle size is about 80nm) and 9.5g of polycaprolactone with a molecular weight of 36000 are added to 100g of dichloromethane organic solvent, dissolved (i.e., mixed) at room temperature for 0.5h, and then the mixed solution is subjected to solvent evaporation at room temperature for 24h to obtain a composite material.

[0060] Step 2): Place the composite material into the barrel of a melt extrusion 3D printer, set the melt extrusion temperature to 80°C, the melt extrusion speed to 0.05 mm / s, the moving speed of the print head to 1 mm / s, the wire width to 0.5 mm, and obtain an artificial bone scaffold with a zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate mass fraction of 5 wt% and a porosity of 90%.

[0061] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an artificial bone scaffold prepared in this embodiment with a zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate having a mass fraction of 5wt% and a porosity of 90%; wherein the artificial bone scaffold has a height of 13mm and a diameter of 13mm.

[0062] Example 3

[0063] This embodiment prepares an artificial bone scaffold, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0064] Step 1): 1 g of amorphous calcium phosphate with an average particle size of 50 nm and a molar ratio of calcium ions to phosphate ions of 1.55 and 9 g of polycaprolactone with a molecular weight of 100,000 are added to 55 g of dichloromethane organic solvent and dissolved (i.e., mixed) at room temperature for 3 hours. The mixed solution is then subjected to solvent evaporation at room temperature for 48 hours to obtain a composite material.

[0065] Step 2): Put the composite material into the barrel of a melt extrusion 3D printer, set the melt extrusion temperature to 180°C, the melt extrusion speed to 0.1 mm / s, the moving speed of the print head to 2 mm / s, and the wire width to 0.5 mm to obtain an artificial bone scaffold with an amorphous calcium phosphate mass fraction of 10 wt% and a porosity of 70%.

[0066] Figure 5 The artificial bone scaffold has an amorphous calcium phosphate mass fraction of 10wt% and a porosity of 70%. The height of the artificial bone scaffold is 13mm and the diameter is 13mm.

[0067] Example 4

[0068] This embodiment prepares an artificial bone scaffold, which mainly includes the following steps:

[0069] Step 1): 10 g of amorphous calcium phosphate with an average particle size of 50 nm and a molar ratio of calcium ions to phosphate ions of 1.55 and 10 g of polycaprolactone with a molecular weight of 36,000 are added to 200 g of dichloromethane organic solvent, dissolved at room temperature for 6 hours, and then the mixed solution is evaporated at room temperature for 48 hours to obtain a composite material.

[0070] Step 2): Put the composite material into the barrel of a melt extrusion 3D printer, set the melt extrusion temperature to 120°C, the melt extrusion speed to 0.05 mm / s, the moving speed of the print head to 1 mm / s, the wire width to 0.5 mm, and obtain an artificial bone scaffold with an amorphous calcium phosphate mass fraction of 50wt% and a porosity of 60%.

[0071] Figure 6 This is the microscopic morphology spectrum of an artificial bone scaffold with a mass fraction of 50wt% amorphous calcium phosphate and a porosity of 50%. Figure 6 It can be seen that the surface calcium, phosphorus and oxygen elements are evenly distributed on the surface of the stent, indicating that the amorphous calcium phosphate material inside the stent is well distributed.

[0072] Comparative Example 1

[0073] Compared with Example 1, the mass ratio of amorphous calcium phosphate to polycaprolactone in Comparative Example 1 is greater than 1:1, specifically 1.2:1.

[0074] Step 1): 12 g of amorphous calcium phosphate with an average particle size of 50 nm and a molar ratio of calcium ions to phosphate ions of 1.45 and 10 g of polycaprolactone with a molecular weight of 36,000 are added to 220 g of dichloromethane organic solvent, dissolved at room temperature for 6 hours, and then the mixed solution is evaporated at room temperature for 48 hours to obtain a composite material.

[0075] Step 2): The composite material is placed in the barrel of a melt extrusion 3D printer. Due to the high content of amorphous calcium phosphate, extrusion printing is still not possible even if the extrusion temperature is increased to 180°C or higher.

[0076] Comparative Example 2

[0077] Comparative Example 2 Compared with Example 1, Comparative Example 2 is an artificial bone scaffold without adding amorphous calcium phosphate material, specifically as follows:

[0078] Step 1): 10 g of polycaprolactone with a molecular weight of 36,000 was placed into the barrel of a melt extrusion 3D printer, the melt extrusion temperature was set to 80°C, the melt extrusion speed was set to 0.05 mm / s, the moving speed of the print head was set to 1 mm / s, and the wire width was set to 0.5 mm to obtain an artificial bone scaffold with a porosity of 90%.

[0079] The artificial bone scaffolds prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 2 were subjected to MC3T3-E1 cell immunofluorescence experiments. Figure 7 The MC3T3-E1 cell immunofluorescence images of the artificial bone scaffold made of polycaprolactone material in Comparative Example 2 and the artificial bone scaffold made of amorphous calcium phosphate composite polycaprolactone material in Example 1 show that compared with Example 1, the fluorescence intensity of OCN and ALP proteins in the artificial bone scaffold prepared in Comparative Example 2 is ( Figure 7 The green fluorescence in the scaffold is significantly lower than that prepared in Example 1, indicating that the scaffold prepared in Example 1 has higher biological activity.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any form. Any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiment according to the technical essence of the present invention still falls within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an artificial bone scaffold, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: Step 1): adding polycaprolactone and amorphous phosphate to an organic solvent for mixing; volatilizing the organic solvent to obtain a composite material; wherein the amorphous phosphate includes amorphous calcium phosphate and / or doped amorphous calcium phosphate; Step 2): preparing the composite material into an artificial bone scaffold.

2. The method for preparing an artificial bone scaffold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The doped amorphous calcium phosphate is zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate; Preferably, in the zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate: the molar ratio of zinc ions to calcium ions is 0.05-0.50; and the molar ratio of the sum of calcium ions and zinc ions to phosphate ions is 1.45-1.

55.

3. The method for preparing an artificial bone scaffold according to claim 2, characterized in that: The method for preparing the zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate comprises: A first mixed solution is prepared; wherein the first mixed solution comprises diammonium hydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 1 to 25 g / L, polyacrylic acid with a concentration of 0.1 to 5 g / L, and a volatile solvent; A second mixed solution is prepared; wherein the second mixed solution comprises calcium chloride with a concentration of 2-50 g / L, zinc chloride with a concentration of 2-50 g / L, and a volatile solvent; The first mixed solution and the second mixed solution are mixed, and zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate is obtained after the volatile solvent evaporates.

4. The method for preparing an artificial bone scaffold according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation steps of the amorphous calcium phosphate include: A first mixed solution is prepared; wherein the first mixed solution comprises diammonium hydrogen phosphate with a concentration of 1 to 25 g / L, polyacrylic acid with a concentration of 0.1 to 5 g / L, and a volatile solvent; A second mixed solution is prepared; wherein the second mixed solution comprises calcium chloride at a concentration of 2-50 g / L and a volatile solvent; The first mixed solution and the second mixed solution are mixed, and after the volatile solvent evaporates, amorphous calcium phosphate is obtained.

5. The method for preparing an artificial bone scaffold according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: In the step 1): The average particle size of the amorphous phosphate is 10 to 500 nm; and / or The molar ratio of calcium ions to phosphate ions in the amorphous calcium phosphate is 1.45 to 1.

55.

6. The artificial bone scaffold according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: In the step 1): The number average molecular weight of the polycaprolactone is 36000 to 100000; and / or The mass ratio of amorphous phosphate to polycaprolactone is 0.05 to 1:1; and / or The mass ratio of the total mass of the amorphous phosphate and the polycaprolactone to the mass of the organic solvent is 1:5-10.

7. The artificial bone scaffold according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: In the step 1): The organic solvent is one or more of chloroform, dimethylformamide and dichloromethane; and / or The mixing time is 0.5-6h; and / or The organic solvent evaporates at a temperature of 20-45°C and evaporates for a time of 0.5-48 hours.

8. The artificial bone scaffold according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: In the step 2): The composite material is subjected to a melt extrusion 3D printing process to obtain an artificial bone scaffold with a desired porosity and wire width; Preferably, the porosity is 50-90%, and the wire width is 200-1000 μm.

9. The artificial bone scaffold according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the melt extrusion 3D printing process: The melt extrusion temperature is 80-180° C., the melt extrusion speed is 0.05-0.5 mm / s, and the moving speed of the print head is 1-15 mm / s.

10. An artificial bone scaffold, characterized in that: The material of the artificial bone scaffold is a composite material of polycaprolactone and amorphous phosphate; wherein the amorphous phosphate includes amorphous calcium phosphate and / or doped amorphous calcium phosphate; Preferably, the doped amorphous calcium phosphate is zinc-doped amorphous calcium phosphate; Preferably, the mass ratio of the amorphous phosphate to polycaprolactone is 0.05 to 1:1; Preferably, the porosity of the artificial bone scaffold is 50-90%; Preferably, the artificial bone scaffold is a melt extrusion 3D printed artificial bone scaffold; further preferably, the wire width is 200 to 1000 μm.

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