A shelling and color sorting machine for tea fruit based on machine vision

Abstract

The invention provides a machine vision-based shelling and color sorting machine for oil-tea fruit, which belongs to the technical field of oil-tea processing and production; it comprises a component for visually color sorting tea seeds of shelled oil-tea fruit, the color sorting component comprises a conveyor line and a visual selection machine, the visual selection machine is equidistantly fixed on the conveyor line, and a pre-shelling component for shelling the tea seeds of the oil-tea fruit before visual color sorting is installed on one side of the visual color sorting component; by arranging the pre-shelling component, a rotating rod, an eccentric wheel, a first connecting rod and other components are driven by a double-axis motor to drive a slider and a first screen to slide back and forth, so that the wear-resistant strip contacts with the protrusions on the filter screen to generate vibration, and impurities and dirt attached to the surface of the oil-tea fruit can be shaken off before shelling the oil-tea fruit, and the clogging of the oil-tea fruit when falling from the feeding end can be reduced by vibration, and accurate screening can be performed according to the different volumes of the oil-tea fruit, and oil-tea fruits of different sizes can pass through the sieve holes of corresponding sizes, thereby realizing the preliminary classification of the oil-tea fruit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of oil-tea processing and production, and in particular to an oil-tea fruit shelling and color sorting machine based on machine vision. Background Art

[0002] In the processing of tea fruit, shelling is a crucial link, which directly affects the quality of tea seeds and the final production efficiency. The existing shelling equipment has poor adaptability to tea fruits of different specifications. Tea fruits of different sizes are difficult to be properly processed in the same shelling device. Some larger tea fruits may not be fully shelled, while smaller tea fruits may be over-extruded or damaged during the shelling process, resulting in unsatisfactory shelling effect and quality, and reducing the output efficiency of tea seeds. Therefore, the present application provides a tea fruit shelling color sorting machine based on mechanical vision to meet the needs. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a camellia oleifera shelling and color sorting machine based on mechanical vision to solve the problem in the above-mentioned background technology that the existing camellia oleifera shelling equipment has poor adaptability to camellia oleifera fruits of different specifications.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A machine vision-based oil-tea fruit shelling and color sorting machine, comprising a component for visual color sorting of tea seeds of the oil-tea fruit after shelling, the color sorting component comprising a conveyor line and a visual sorting machine, the visual sorting machine being fixedly arranged on the conveyor line at equal distances, and a pre-shelling component for shelling the tea seeds of the oil-tea fruit before visual color sorting is installed on one side of the visual color sorting component;

[0006] The pre-shelling assembly includes a shelling box, which is installed on one side of the conveyor line. A first screen is slidably provided on the inner wall of the shelling box, a filter is fixed on the inner wall of the shelling box, a double-axis motor is fixedly provided on one side of the shelling box, a rotating rod is rotatably provided on one side of the shelling box close to the double-axis motor, and both ends of the rotating rod are fixed to two output ends of the double-axis motor, eccentric wheels are fixedly provided on both ends of the rotating rod, first support plates are fixedly provided on both sides of the shelling box, a sliding block is slidably provided on the surface of the first support plate, a first connecting rod is rotatably provided on one side of the eccentric wheel close to the sliding block, and the first connecting rod is rotatably connected to the sliding block.

[0007] The inner wall of the shelling box is slidably provided with a first sliding plate, and a plurality of first blades are fixedly provided with the first sliding plate on a side close to the first screen, a second supporting plate is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the shelling box, a first sliding rod is fixedly provided on the second supporting plate, a lower pressing plate is slidably provided on the outer side of the first sliding rod, the lower pressing plate is fixed with the first sliding plate, a first spring is fixedly provided on the lower pressing plate, one end of the first spring is fixed with the second supporting plate, and a second connecting rod is rotatably provided on the side of the lower pressing plate shelling box away from the dual-axis motor, one end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to the lower pressing plate, and the other end of the second connecting rod is rotatably connected to a side of the first screen close to the second connecting rod.

[0008] The mesh holes on the first mesh are gradually enlarged from the side close to the filter mesh toward the side of the second connecting rod.

[0009] The side of the slider close to the first screen is fixed to the first screen, the side of the filter close to the slider is fixed with multiple protrusions at equal intervals, the side of the slider close to the protrusion is fixed with a wear-resistant strip, and the wear-resistant strip is in extrusion contact with the protrusion, and the side of the shelling box close to the dual-axis motor is provided with a debris discharge port.

[0010] The inner wall of the shelling box is equipped with a shelling component for shelling oil tea fruits of different specifications, and the shelling component includes a third support plate, on which a lower bin is fixedly provided at equal intervals, and the feeding direction of the lower bin corresponds to the first screen, and a second screen is slidably provided on the inner wall of the shelling box, and a partition is fixedly provided at equal intervals on the second screen, and a second slide bar is fixedly provided at equal intervals on the third support plate, and a second sliding plate is slidably provided on the outer side of the second slide bar, and a second blade is fixedly provided on the side of the second sliding plate close to the second screen in sequence, and a semicircular block is fixedly provided between the second blades, and the length of the second blade and the semicircular block between the partition is gradually shortened from the side close to the feeding end toward the side of the third connecting rod, and one side of the second screen is fixed to the first screen through a connecting plate, and the shelling A third connecting rod is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the box, a fourth support plate is fixedly provided on the side of the shelling box close to the third connecting rod, a sliding rod is slidably provided on the fourth support plate, a pulley is fixedly provided on the side of the sliding rod away from the fourth support plate, a second spring is sleeved on the sliding rod, one end of the second spring is fixed to the fourth support plate, and the other end of the second spring is fixed to the pulley, an arc-shaped piece is fixedly provided on the side of the second screen close to the pulley, the arc-shaped piece contacts with the outer side wall of the pulley, one end of the third connecting rod is rotatably connected to the second sliding plate, and the other end of the third connecting rod is rotatably connected to the top of the sliding rod, a plurality of fans are equidistantly fixedly provided on the side of the shelling box close to the connecting plate, the output end of the fan faces the second screen, and a shell outlet is provided on the side of the shelling box away from the fan, and a shell outlet is fixedly connected to a shell discharge pipe.

[0011] A classification part for classifying and conveying shelled tea seeds is installed on one side of the shelling box close to the conveyor line. The classification part includes a fifth support plate, which is fixed on the inner wall of the shelling box. A plurality of discharge ends are equidistantly arranged on the fifth support plate, and the plurality of discharge ends face the conveyor line.

[0012] The lengths of the plurality of feeding ends are gradually increased.

[0013] The inner wall of the shelling box is fixedly provided with a feeding end.

[0014] The filter screen is gradually inclined from a side close to the feed end toward a side of the first screen screen.

[0015] The blades of the first blade and the second blade are made of cemented carbide.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0017] In the above scheme, by setting a pre-shelling component, a dual-axis motor drives the rotating rod, the eccentric wheel, the first connecting rod and other components to drive the slider and the first screen to slide back and forth, so that the wear-resistant strip contacts the protrusions on the filter screen to generate vibration, which can shake off the impurities and dirt attached to the surface of the oil tea fruit before shelling the oil tea fruit, and the vibration can reduce the blockage of the oil tea fruit when it falls from the feed end;

[0018] The sieve holes on the first sieve gradually increase from the side close to the filter to the side of the second connecting rod, and the first sieve slides back and forth driven by the slider, so that the oil-tea fruit can be accurately screened according to the different volumes of the oil-tea fruit. The oil-tea fruit of different sizes can pass through the sieve holes of corresponding sizes, thereby realizing the preliminary classification of the oil-tea fruit. During the reciprocating sliding of the first sieve, the first sliding plate and the first blade are driven to reciprocate up and down to contact the oil-tea fruit, which can not only pre-shell the oil-tea fruit and destroy the shell of the oil-tea fruit in advance, thereby reducing the burden for subsequent complete shelling, but also play a dredging role when screening oil-tea fruits of different specifications, thereby preventing the oil-tea fruit from accumulating on the sieve and blocking the sieve holes, thereby ensuring the continuous and stable progress of the screening and shelling process;

[0019] Cleaning the dirt on the surface of tea fruit in advance can reduce the pollution and wear of the subsequent shelling and screening equipment. The reduction of dirt improves the operating environment of each component of the equipment and reduces the probability of component wear and failure caused by dirt adhesion.

[0020] The cleaning, screening and pre-shelling operations are completed in the same process, which reduces the operation steps, avoids the material transfer and waiting time between different processes, and improves the overall processing efficiency. At the same time, the equipment structure is more compact, the floor space is smaller, and the equipment cost and space cost are reduced;

[0021] Through the shelling component that is set up, the length of the second blade and the semicircular block between the partitions in the shelling component gradually shortens from near the feed end to the third connecting rod side, so that targeted shelling can be performed according to the different specifications of tea oil fruits. The larger tea oil fruits are preliminarily processed by the shorter second blade and semicircular block near the feed end, and the smaller tea oil fruits are finely shelled by the longer knife, which improves the shelling effect and quality and ensures that tea oil fruits of different sizes can receive suitable shelling operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the oil-tea fruit shelling and color sorting machine based on mechanical vision of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of another perspective of the oil-tea fruit shelling and color sorting machine based on machine vision of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the conveyor line and the visual selection machine of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the filter screen, feed end and lower pressure plate of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the first screen, shelling box and unloading end of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the third support plate, the partition plate and the second sliding rod of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 For the present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0030] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the first screen, the lower material bin and the shell outlet of the present invention;

[0031] Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 Enlarged view of point C in the middle;

[0032] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the second sliding plate, the second blade and the semicircular block of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.12 For the present invention Fig.11 Enlarged view of point D in the middle.

[0034] Reference numerals

[0035] 1. Visual color sorting component; 101. Conveyor line; 102. Visual sorting machine; 2. Pre-shelling component; 201. Shelling box; 202. First screen; 203. Filter; 204. Double-axis motor; 205. Rotating rod; 206. Eccentric wheel; 207. First support plate; 208. Sliding block; 209. First connecting rod; 210. First sliding plate; 211. First blade; 212. Second support plate; 213. First sliding rod; 214. Lower pressure plate; 215. First spring; 216. Second connecting rod; 301. Protrusion; 302. Wear-resistant strip; 303, impurity discharge port; 4, shelling assembly; 401, third support plate; 402, discharge bin; 403, second screen; 404, partition; 405, second slide bar; 406, second slide plate; 407, second blade; 408, semicircular block; 409, third connecting rod; 410, fourth support plate; 411, slide bar; 412, pulley; 413, second spring; 414, arc-shaped member; 415, fan; 416, shell outlet; 417, shell discharge pipe; 5, classification section; 501, fifth support plate; 502, discharge end; 6, feed end.

[0036] As shown in the figure, in order to clearly implement the structure of the embodiment of the present invention, specific structures and devices are marked in the figure, but this is only for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific structure, device and environment. According to specific needs, ordinary technicians in this field can adjust or modify these devices and environments, and the adjustments or modifications made are still included in the scope of the attached claims. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The following is a detailed description of a mechanical vision-based oil-tea fruit shelling and color sorting machine provided by the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. At the same time, it is explained here that in order to make the embodiments more detailed, the following embodiments are the best and preferred embodiments, and those skilled in the art may also adopt other alternative methods to implement some known technologies; and the accompanying drawings are only for a more specific description of the embodiments, and are not intended to specifically limit the present invention.

[0038] like Figure 1 to Figure 2As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a shelling and color sorting machine for oil-tea camellia fruits based on mechanical vision, including a component 1 for visually color sorting tea seeds of shelled oil-tea camellia fruits, the visual color sorting component 1 comprising a conveyor line 101 and a visual sorting machine 102, the visual sorting machine 102 being equidistantly fixedly arranged on the conveyor line 101, the conveyor line 101 being used to convey the shelled tea seeds to the visual sorting machine 102 for color sorting, the visual sorting machine 102 utilizing mechanical vision technology to identify and analyze the color, shape and other characteristics of the tea seeds, and screen out tea seeds that do not meet the requirements, thereby improving the quality of the tea seeds, and a pre-shelling component 2 for shelling the tea seeds of the oil-tea camellia fruits before visual color sorting is installed on one side of the color sorting component.

[0039] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, specifically, the pre-shelling component 2 includes a shelling box 201, the shelling box 201 is installed on one side of the conveying line 101, the inner wall of the shelling box 201 is fixedly provided with a feeding end 6, the inner wall of the shelling box 201 is slidably provided with a first screen 202, and the inner wall of the shelling box 201 is fixedly provided with a filter 203, the filter 203 is gradually inclined from the side close to the feeding end 6 toward the side of the first screen 202, so that the oil-tea fruit enters the first screen 202, the sieve holes on the first screen 202 are gradually increased from the side close to the filter 203 toward the side of the second connecting rod 216, and preliminary screening can be performed according to the size of the oil-tea fruit, so that oil-tea fruits of different sizes can be more appropriately processed during the shelling process, and a dual-axis motor 204 is fixedly provided on one side of the shelling box 201, and the shelling box 201 is close to the dual-axis motor 204. A rotating rod 205 is rotatably provided on one side of the dual-axis motor 204, and both ends of the rotating rod 205 are fixed to the two output ends of the dual-axis motor 204, eccentric wheels 206 are fixedly provided on both ends of the rotating rod 205, and first support plates 207 are fixedly provided on both sides of the shelling box 201, and a slider 208 is slidably provided on the surface of the first support plate 207, and a first connecting rod 209 is rotatably provided on one side of the eccentric wheel 206 close to the slider 208, and the first connecting rod 209 is rotatably connected to the slider 208; the dual-axis motor 204 and the rotating rod 205 are connected by a coupling, and the coupling is an elastic coupling, which can effectively compensate for the installation error and angular deviation between the dual-axis motor 204 and the rotating rod 205, reduce vibration and noise during transmission, and at the same time play a certain protective role in overload to prevent the motor and the rotating rod 205 from being damaged due to overload.

[0040] like Figures 1 to 12As shown, the inner wall of the shelling box 201 is slidably provided with a first sliding plate 210, and a plurality of first blades 211 are fixedly provided on the side of the first sliding plate 210 close to the first screen 202, and a second supporting plate 212 is fixedly provided on the inner wall of the shelling box 201, and a first sliding rod 213 is fixedly provided on the second supporting plate 212, and a lower pressing plate 214 is slidably provided on the outer side of the first sliding rod 213, and the lower pressing plate 214 is fixed to the first sliding plate 210, and a spring is fixed on the lower pressing plate 214, one end of the spring is fixed to the second supporting plate 212, and a second connecting rod 216 is rotatably provided on the side of the shelling box 201 away from the dual-axis motor 204, one end of the second connecting rod 216 is rotatably connected to the lower pressing plate 214, and the other end of the second connecting rod 216 is rotatably connected to the side of the first screen 202 close to the second connecting rod 216.

[0041] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the side of the slider 208 close to the first screen 202 is fixed to the first screen 202, and the side of the filter 203 close to the slider 208 is equidistantly fixed with a plurality of protrusions 301, and the side of the slider 208 close to the protrusion 301 is fixed with a wear-resistant strip 302, and the wear-resistant strip 302 is in extrusion contact with the protrusion 301, and the side of the shelling box 201 close to the dual-axis motor 204 is provided with a discharge port 303. When the slider 208 slides with the first screen 202, the wear-resistant strip 302 slides on the protrusion 301 to generate vibration, which helps to shake off impurities in the oil tea fruit onto the filter 203. The side of the shelling box 201 close to the dual-axis motor 204 is provided with a discharge port 303, and impurities are discharged from the shelling box 201 through the discharge port 303 to ensure the cleanliness of the shelling process.

[0042] When the oil-tea fruit enters the shelling box 201 from the feed end 6, the double-axis motor 204 is started, and the two ends of the double-axis motor 204 drive the rotating rod 205 to rotate synchronously. The rotation of the rotating rod 205 causes the eccentric wheels 206 fixed at both ends to rotate accordingly. When the eccentric wheel 206 rotates, it drives the first connecting rod 209 to rotate. Under the impetus of the rotation of the first connecting rod 209, the slider 208 slides back and forth along the surface of the first support plate 207. Since the slider 208 is fixedly connected to the first screen 202, the sliding of the slider 208 will drive the first screen 202 to slide back and forth synchronously. During the process, the wear-resistant strips 302 on the slider 208 will continuously contact the protrusions 301 equidistantly fixed on one side of the filter 203 close to the slider 208. When the wear-resistant strips 302 contact the protrusions 301, the filter 203 will vibrate. In this way, the tea fruit that falls from the feed end 6 onto the filter 203 will slide toward the first screen 202 under the action of the vibration. At the same time, the tea fruit on the screen will be affected by the vibration, and the impurities and dirt attached to the surface will be shaken off. These impurities and dirt will fall from the filter 203 and be discharged from the shelling box 201 through the discharge pipe.

[0043] As the slider 208 drives the first screen 202 to slide in the direction of the second connecting rod 216, the first screen 202 will push the second connecting rod 216 to rotate in the direction of the lower pressing plate 214. While the second connecting rod 216 rotates, it will press the lower pressing plate 214 downward to make it slide downward along the outer wall of the first sliding rod 213. At this time, the first spring 215 installed between the lower pressing plate 214 and the second supporting plate 212 is compressed. When the lower pressing plate 214 slides downward, it will drive the first sliding plate 210 fixed thereto to move downward together. The first blade 211 on the first sliding plate 210 squeezes the tea fruit that has fallen from the filter screen 203, thereby pre-shelling the tea fruit. The first screen 202 slides back and forth under the push of the slider 208, which causes the tea fruit on the first screen 202 to slide back and forth as well. The reciprocating sliding of the tea fruit cooperates with the sieve holes on the first screen 202 that gradually increase from the side close to the filter screen 203 to the side of the second connecting rod 216, so that the tea fruit can be screened according to the different volumes of the fruit.

[0044] When the eccentric wheel 206 rotates and drives the first connecting rod 209 to pull the slider 208 back in the direction of the first connecting rod 209, the slider 208 will pull the first screen 202 to slide in the direction of the slider 208. At this time, the first screen 202 pulls the second connecting rod 216 to rotate in the direction of the slider 208. The rotation of the second connecting rod 216 will drive the lower pressure plate 214 to reset upward. During the process of the lower pressure plate 214 sliding upward, the first spring 215 recovers its deformation, driving the first blade 211 on the first sliding plate 210 to reset together, continuously driving the dual-axis motor 204 to rotate, and the two ends of the dual-axis motor 204 drive the rotating rod 205 to rotate, thereby making the eccentric wheel 206 The first connecting rod 209 drives the slider 208 to slide back and forth continuously. The reciprocating sliding of the slider 208 can vibrate the tea fruit falling from the feed end 6, and effectively remove impurities and dirt attached to its surface; on the other hand, the slider 208 drives the first screen 202 to slide back and forth, and the tea fruit can be screened according to the size of the tea fruit using the sieve holes on the first screen 202. During the screening process, the reciprocating sliding of the first screen 202 can also drive the first blade 211 to move back and forth up and down, and contact the tea fruit. It can not only pre-shell the tea fruit, but also play a dredging role when screening tea fruits of different specifications, to prevent the tea fruit from clogging the sieve holes.

[0045] Compared with the existing products that first sort and then shell, the present device can clean the attachments and dirt on the surface of the tea fruit while feeding, reducing the operation steps and improving the overall processing efficiency. Moreover, multiple operations such as cleaning, screening and pre-shelling are completed in the same process, making the structure of the equipment more compact, occupying a smaller area, and reducing equipment and space costs. At the same time, cleaning the dirt on the surface of the tea fruit in advance can reduce the pollution and wear of the dirt on subsequent shelling and screening equipment, extend the service life of the equipment, and reduce the maintenance cost of the equipment.

[0046] like Figures 6 to 12 As shown, further, the inner wall of the shelling box 201 is installed with a shelling component 4 for shelling tea fruits of different specifications, and the shelling component 4 includes a third support plate 401, and a lower bin 402 is fixedly provided on the third support plate 401 at an equidistant distance, and the feeding direction of the lower bin 402 corresponds to the first screen 202, and a second screen 403 is slidably provided on the inner wall of the shelling box 201, and a partition 404 is fixedly provided on the second screen 403 at an equidistant distance, and a second slide bar 405 is fixedly provided on the third support plate 401 at an equidistant distance, and a second sliding plate 406 is slidably provided on the outer side of the second slide bar 405, and a second blade 407 is fixedly provided on the second sliding plate 406 close to the second screen 403 in sequence, and a semicircular block 408 is also fixedly provided between the second blades 407, and the partitions 404 are fixedly provided with a plurality of semicircular blocks 408. The length of the second blade 407 and the semicircular block 408 is gradually shortened from the side close to the feed end 6 toward the side of the third connecting rod 409. In order to adapt to oil-tea fruits of different specifications, when the oil-tea fruits enter from the feed end 6, the oil-tea fruits of different sizes will first contact the second blades 407 and semicircular blocks 408 of different lengths. The larger oil-tea fruits will be preliminarily shelled by the shorter second blades 407 and semicircular blocks 408 near the feed end 6; the smaller oil-tea fruits will be more shelled by the longer second blades 407 and semicircular blocks 408, thereby achieving targeted shelling of oil-tea fruits of different specifications and improving the shelling effect and quality. The blade material of the first blade 211 and the second blade 407 is cemented carbide with a Rockwell hardness of HRC60 - HRC70. The blade of this material has good wear resistance and sharpness, which can effectively improve the shelling efficiency and quality of oil-tea fruits of different specifications and extend the service life of the tool.

[0047] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, one side of the second screen 403 is fixed to the first screen 202 through a connecting plate, a third connecting rod 409 is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the shelling box 201, a fourth support plate 410 is fixedly provided on the side of the shelling box 201 close to the third connecting rod 409, a sliding rod 411 is slidably provided on the fourth support plate 410, a pulley 412 is fixedly provided on the side of the sliding rod 411 away from the fourth support plate 410, a second spring 413 is sleeved on the sliding rod 411, one end of the second spring 413 is fixed to the fourth support plate 410, and the other end of the second spring 413 is fixed to the pulley 412 A curved piece 414 is fixedly provided on one side of the second screen 403 close to the pulley (412), and the curved piece 414 contacts the outer wall of the pulley 412. One end of the third connecting rod 409 is rotatably connected to the second sliding plate 406, and the other end of the third connecting rod 409 is rotatably connected to the top of the sliding rod 411. A plurality of fans 415 are equidistantly fixedly provided on one side of the shelling box 201 close to the connecting plate, and the output end of the fan 415 faces the second screen 403. A shell outlet 416 is provided on the side of the shelling box 201 away from the fan 415, and a shell discharge pipe 417 is fixedly connected to the shell outlet 416.

[0048] When the tea fruit is placed on the first screen 202 and slides back and forth, it will fall into the corresponding lower bin 402 according to its own size based on the different sizes of the screen holes of the first screen 202. Then, the tea fruit falls from the lower bin 402 and falls on the second screen 403. At this time, the partitions 404 arranged equidistantly on the second screen 403 will play a role, classifying the tea fruits of different specifications and sizes and distributing them on the second screen 403 in an orderly manner. Since the first screen 202 and the second screen 403 are fixedly connected by a connecting plate, when the first screen 202 slides back and forth driven by the relevant mechanism, it will drive the second screen 403 to slide synchronously through the connecting plate. When the second screen 403 moves toward the third connecting rod 40 9, the arc-shaped member 414 fixed on the second screen 403 will contact the pulley 412. As the second screen 403 continues to slide, the arc structure on the arc-shaped member 414 will push the pulley 412, so that the pulley 412 drives the sliding rod 411 to slide upward along the fourth support plate 410. In this process, the second spring 413 sleeved on the sliding rod 411 will be compressed. At the same time, the sliding rod 411 slides upward to drive the third connecting rod 409 to rotate in the direction of the second sliding plate 406. When the third connecting rod 409 rotates downward, it will push the second sliding plate 406, so that the second sliding plate 406 slides downward along the outer side of the second sliding rod 405 with the second blade 407 fixed on one side thereof.

[0049] When the second blade 407 and the semicircular block 408 come into contact with the tea fruit and perform the shelling operation, the second blade 407 can cut the shell of the tea fruit, and during the sliding of the second screen 403, the semicircular block 408 will squeeze the sliding tea fruit, and this squeezing effect can effectively separate the shell of the tea fruit from the tea seeds, thereby squeezing the tea seeds out of the shell to achieve the purpose of shelling.

[0050] like Figures 7 to 11 As shown, it should be noted that the lengths of the second blades 407 and the semicircular blocks 408 between different partitions 404 are different. Specifically, in the partition 404 close to the feed end 6, the tea fruit dropped from the discharge end 502 is usually smaller in size, and the corresponding second blades 407 and semicircular blocks 408 are the longest in length. This is because smaller tea fruits require longer tools and semicircular blocks 408 to more effectively perform shelling operations. As they extend toward the third connecting rod 409, the size of the tea fruits in the partition 404 gradually becomes medium and larger, and the corresponding second blades 407 and semicircular blocks 408 are gradually shortened. This is because for larger-sized tea fruits, shelling can be completed without an overly long tool. Such a design can not only ensure the shelling effect, but also avoid unnecessary loss and energy waste caused by an overly long tool, thereby achieving precise shelling operations on tea fruits of different sizes.

[0051] When the first screen 202 slides toward the slider 208 with the second screen 403 through the connecting plate, the arc-shaped member 414 on the second screen 403 will gradually separate from the pulley 412. At this time, the second spring 413 that was previously compressed will gradually restore its deformation and push the sliding rod 411 to slide downward. When the sliding rod 411 slides downward, it will pull the third connecting rod 409 to rotate toward the pulley 412. The rotation of the third connecting rod 409 will pull the second sliding plate 406 to slide upward along the outer side of the second sliding rod 405, completing a working cycle.

[0052] After completing the shelling operation, the driving fan is started, and the wind generated by the rotation of the fan will blow toward the second screen 403. This wind can blow out the shells produced by the second blade 407 after shelling the oil tea fruit, so that the shelled shells can be removed from the second screen 403 in time to avoid the accumulation of shells affecting the subsequent shelling work.

[0053] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, a classification section 5 for classifying and conveying shelled tea seeds is installed on one side of the shelling box 201 close to the conveying line 101, and the classification section 5 includes a fifth support plate 501, and the fifth support plate 501 is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shelling box 201, and a plurality of discharge ends 502 are arranged on the fifth support plate 501 in sequence and equidistantly, and the plurality of discharge ends 502 face the conveying line 101, and the lengths of the plurality of discharge ends 502 are gradually increased.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 7 As shown, it should be particularly noted that the length from the discharge end 502 close to the feed end 6 to the discharge end 502 close to the third connecting rod 409 shows a gradually increasing trend, which can provide more favorable conditions for the subsequent visual color sorting process according to the different sizes of tea seeds that have been shelled. Specifically, after the shelling process, the tea seeds of different sizes are conveyed through the discharge end 502 with a gradually changing length, so that the visual color sorter can more accurately and efficiently screen the color and quality of the tea seeds, because the arrangement and distribution of tea seeds of different sizes in the discharge ends 502 with different lengths will be more regular, thereby facilitating the visual color sorter to quickly identify and distinguish tea seeds that meet different standards, thereby improving the accuracy and efficiency of color sorting, and thereby improving the quality and output efficiency of the entire oil tea fruit processing process.

[0055] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine vision-based oil tea fruit shelling and color sorting machine, comprising a component (1) for visual color sorting of tea seeds of shelled oil tea fruits, the visual color sorting component (1) comprising a conveyor line (101) and a visual sorting machine (102), the visual sorting machine (102) being fixedly arranged on the conveyor line (101) at equal distances, characterized in that: A pre-shelling component (2) for shelling the tea seeds of the oil-tea fruit before visual color sorting is installed on one side of the color sorting component; The pre-shelling assembly (2) comprises a shelling box (201), the shelling box (201) being installed on one side of the conveying line (101), a feed end (6) being fixedly provided on the inner wall of the shelling box (201), a first screen (202) being slidably provided on the inner wall of the shelling box (201), a filter (203) being fixedly provided on the inner wall of the shelling box (201), the filter (203) being gradually inclined from a side close to the feed end (6) toward a side close to the first screen (202), a double-axis motor (204) being fixedly provided on one side of the shelling box (201), and the shelling box (201) being provided with a plurality of motors. 1) A rotating rod (205) is rotatably provided on one side close to the dual-axis motor (204), and two ends of the rotating rod (205) are fixed to two output ends of the dual-axis motor (204), eccentric wheels (206) are fixedly provided on both ends of the rotating rod (205), first support plates (207) are fixedly provided on both sides of the shelling box (201), a sliding block (208) is slidably provided on the surface of the first support plate (207), a first connecting rod (209) is rotatably provided on one side of the eccentric wheel (206) close to the sliding block (208), and the first connecting rod (209) is rotatably connected to the sliding block (208); The inner wall of the shelling box (201) is slidably provided with a first sliding plate (210), a side of the first sliding plate (210) close to the first screen (202) is fixedly provided with a plurality of first blades (211), the inner wall of the shelling box (201) is fixedly provided with a second support plate (212), a first slide bar (213) is fixedly provided on the second support plate (212), a lower pressing plate (214) is slidably provided on the outer side of the first slide bar (213), the lower pressing plate (214) is fixedly provided with the first sliding plate (210), and a first spring (215) is fixedly provided on the lower pressing plate (214), One end of the first spring (215) is fixed to the second support plate (212), and a second connecting rod (216) is rotatably provided on the side of the shelling box (201) of the lower pressing plate (214) away from the dual-axis motor (204), one end of the second connecting rod (216) is rotatably connected to the lower pressing plate (214), and the other end of the second connecting rod (216) is rotatably connected to the side of the first screen (202) close to the second connecting rod (216), and the sieve holes on the first screen (202) are gradually enlarged from the side close to the filter screen (203) toward the side of the second connecting rod (216); The side of the slider (208) close to the first screen (202) is fixed to the first screen (202); a plurality of protrusions (301) are fixedly provided at equal intervals on the side of the filter screen (203) close to the slider (208); a wear-resistant strip (302) is fixedly provided on the side of the slider (208) close to the protrusion (301), and the wear-resistant strip (302) is in compression contact with the protrusion (301); and a debris discharge port (303) is provided on the side of the shelling box (201) close to the dual-axis motor (204); The shelling box (201) has a shelling assembly (4) installed on the inner wall thereof for shelling tea fruits of different specifications. The shelling assembly (4) comprises a third support plate (401), on which a lower material bin (402) is fixedly provided at equal intervals, and the feeding direction of the lower material bin (402) corresponds to the first screen (202). A second screen (403) is slidably provided on the inner wall thereof, and partitions (404) are fixedly provided at equal intervals on the second screen (403). A second slide bar (405) is fixedly provided at equal intervals on the third support plate (401), and the outer side of the second slide bar (405) is slidably provided on the inner wall thereof. A second sliding plate (406) is movably provided, a second blade (407) is fixedly provided in sequence on the side of the second sliding plate (406) close to the second screen (403), a semicircular block (408) is fixedly provided between the second blades (407), the length of the second blade (407) and the semicircular block (408) between the partition plate (404) is gradually shortened from the side close to the feed end (6) toward the side of the third connecting rod (409), one side of the second screen (403) is fixed to the first screen (202) through a connecting plate, and a third connecting rod (409) is rotatably provided on the inner wall of the shelling box (201); A fourth support plate (410) is fixedly provided on one side of the shelling box (201) close to the third connecting rod (409), a sliding rod (411) is slidably provided on the fourth support plate (410), a pulley (412) is fixedly provided on the side of the sliding rod (411) away from the fourth support plate (410), a second spring (413) is sleeved on the sliding rod (411), one end of the second spring (413) is fixed to the fourth support plate (410), the other end of the second spring (413) is fixed to the pulley (412), and an arc-shaped spring (413) is fixedly provided on the side of the second screen (403) close to the pulley (412). The arc-shaped member (414) contacts the outer wall of the pulley (412), one end of the third connecting rod (409) is rotatably connected to the second sliding plate (406), and the other end of the third connecting rod (409) is rotatably connected to the top of the sliding rod (411), a plurality of fans (415) are fixedly provided at equal intervals on one side of the shelling box (201) close to the connecting plate, the output end of the fan (415) faces the second screen (403), and a shell outlet (416) is provided on one side of the shelling box (201) away from the fan (415), and a shell discharge pipe (417) is fixedly connected to the shell outlet (416); A classification section (5) for classifying and conveying shelled tea seeds is installed on one side of the shelling box (201) close to the conveying line (101), and the classification section (5) comprises a fifth support plate (501), the fifth support plate (501) is fixedly arranged on the inner wall of the shelling box (201), and a plurality of discharge ends (502) are arranged on the fifth support plate (501) at equal intervals, and the plurality of discharge ends (502) face the conveying line (101), and the lengths of the plurality of discharge ends (502) are arranged to gradually increase.

2. The oil-tea fruit shelling and color sorting machine based on mechanical vision according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The blades of the first blade (211) and the second blade (407) are made of cemented carbide.

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