Laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping function

Abstract

The laser cladding additive manufacturing device with the powder beam shaping function comprises a spray head bottom plate, a laser cladding spray head and a box body are installed on the spray head bottom plate, and a powder feeding module is arranged in the box body; the powder feeding module comprises a powder collecting hopper arranged in an inner cavity of the box body and used for containing powder, a first cyclone hopper installed on the laser cladding spray head, a first powder feeding pipe communicating with the bottom end of the powder collecting hopper, and a gas conveying pipe arranged at a top end opening of the powder collecting hopper and used for outputting gas. The powder feeding module and the laser cladding spray head are fully integrated and then matched with a double-cyclone structure integrated in the spray head, the product is compact, a flexible pipe is omitted, the problem that the powder feeding rate is unstable due to a hose is solved, and the powder feeding efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, the problem that the precision and quality of a formed part are poor due to the fact that the powder cannot be accurately gathered to the center area of the molten pool is solved, it is guaranteed that the utilization rate is higher after powder gathering and shaping, and the forming efficiency and precision are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser additive manufacturing, and in particular to a laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping. Background Art

[0002] Laser cladding is a laser surface modification technology that adds cladding material (powder feeding, wire feeding, presetting, etc.) to the surface of the workpiece (or base material), and uses high-energy-density laser heating to quickly melt the cladding material and the thin layer of metal on the base surface. At this time, the workpiece itself conducts heat to quickly solidify and crystallize into a cladding layer, thereby obtaining a modified layer or repair layer that is metallurgically bonded to the base material, has a low dilution rate, and has various properties.

[0003] After searching patent numbers CN107627002A laser cladding device, CN107217257A laser cladding device and CN106583726A laser multi-beam cladding device, although the positional relationship between the feeding channel and the laser beam is revealed, the powder feeder and the nozzle of the existing powder feeder are connected by a hose, and the two are in a separated state, which leads to the following problems: 1. The flexible hose connecting the powder feeder and the multi-beam nozzle is too long, which can easily cause pressure attenuation or loss when the powder feeder is conveying powder, resulting in unstable powder feeding rate, affecting the accuracy of powder feeding rate and forming quality and efficiency. At the same time, the long flexible hose can also lead to uneven and disorderly powder feeding (such as Figure 7 As shown in the figure, there is a risk of clogging of the powder feeding pipe, and at the same time, it will cause uneven distribution of powder delivered to the molten pool; 2. The multi-beam nozzle will drive the hose to move during operation, which may easily cause changes in the powder feeding rate and unstable powder transmission, that is, the powder feeding amount per unit time will fluctuate, thus affecting the morphology of the cladding layer and the forming size accuracy; 3. When the powder beam passes through the internal channel of the nozzle, the powder and gas are mixed together, and the powder tends to be distributed in a divergent manner around the molten pool, and cannot be accurately gathered in the central area of ​​the molten pool, and thus cannot be fully melted and adhered to the surface of the cladding layer, which can easily affect the roughness of the surface of the cladding layer, resulting in poor precision and quality of the formed parts. Summary of the invention

[0004] The present invention provides a laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping comprises a nozzle bottom plate, on which a laser cladding nozzle and a box are fixedly mounted, a powder feeding module is arranged in the box, and the powder feeding module comprises a powder collecting funnel arranged in the inner cavity of the box and used for holding powder, a first cyclone funnel installed on the laser cladding nozzle, a first powder feeding pipe connected to the bottom end of the powder collecting funnel, a gas delivery pipe arranged at the top port of the powder collecting funnel and used for outputting gas, a second powder feeding pipe connected to the bottom end of the first cyclone funnel, and a second cyclone funnel arranged at the bottom of the powder feeding pipe bracket of the laser cladding nozzle. The second cyclone funnel is sealedly connected to the outer wall of the powder feeding pipe bracket through threads, one end of the second powder feeding pipe away from the first cyclone funnel passes through the inner side of the powder feeding pipe bracket and is arranged at the top port of the second cyclone funnel, one end of the first powder feeding pipe away from the powder collecting funnel is arranged at the top port of the first cyclone funnel, and the powder particles are transported downward in a spiral form when passing through the first cyclone funnel and the second cyclone funnel, and the laser beam generated in the laser cladding nozzle is divided into multiple beams by the internal beam splitter thereof to achieve coaxial wrapping of the second cyclone funnel.

[0006] Preferably, the end of the first powder delivery pipe away from the powder collecting funnel is tangent to the inner wall of the conical end of the first cyclone funnel.

[0007] Preferably, an end of the second powder delivery pipe away from the first cyclone funnel is tangent to the inner wall of the conical end of the second cyclone funnel.

[0008] Preferably, the powder feeding module also includes a powder storage tank arranged on the outside of the box and used to store powder particles, a motor arranged in the inner cavity of the box, a turntable connected to the output end of the motor, and a scraper arranged on the top of the turntable. The powder in the powder storage tank leaks onto the turntable through a discharge pipe, and when the turntable rotates, the powder is scraped into the powder collecting funnel through the scraper.

[0009] Preferably, a support arm is fixedly connected to the scraper, and one end of the support arm is fixedly mounted on a feed pipe at the bottom end of the powder storage tank.

[0010] Preferably, a gas tank for storing inert gas is fixedly mounted on the nozzle bottom plate, and the gas tank delivers gas to the powder collecting funnel, the first powder delivery pipe, the first cyclone funnel, the second powder delivery pipe and the second cyclone funnel through a gas delivery pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the laser cladding nozzle includes an upper cover connected to the nozzle base plate and a collimator mechanism mounted on the upper cover by screws, and a fixing part is fixed on the upper cover by screws, a through hole is penetrated through the surface of the fixing part, the bottom end of the first cyclone funnel is inserted into the inside of the through hole, and one end of the second powder delivery pipe is arranged in the through hole and communicates with the bottom end of the first cyclone funnel.

[0012] Preferably, a mounting hole is formed through the nozzle bottom plate, and the fixing member is arranged inside the mounting hole.

[0013] Preferably, the box body, the collimator mechanism and the gas tank are on the same vertical plane, and the collimator mechanism is arranged between the box body and the gas tank.

[0014] Preferably, the nozzle base plate is an L-shaped plate integrally formed by a transverse plate and a longitudinal plate, and the box body and the gas tank are respectively installed on the transverse plate of the nozzle base plate, and the longitudinal plate of the nozzle base plate is provided with connecting holes for installing screws.

[0015] Preferably, the laser cladding nozzle also includes a support frame connected to the upper cover, a reflective focusing mirror mechanism installed on the support frame, a spectroscope mechanism provided on the support frame, and a reflective light path through hole opened on the support frame. The laser beam emitted from the collimator mechanism is divided into multiple beams by the spectroscope mechanism and the reflective focusing mirror mechanism to achieve coaxial wrapping of the second cyclone funnel.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: In the present invention, the powder feeding module and the multi-beam laser cladding nozzle are fully integrated to eliminate the intermediate transmission flexible tube, occupying a smaller space and making the product more compact. The problem of unstable powder transportation caused by the movement of the hose during the operation of the multi-beam nozzle is avoided, thereby effectively solving the problems of unstable powder feeding rate, blockage of the powder feeding tube and uneven powder caused by the hose between the powder feeder and the nozzle.

[0017] In the present invention, by adopting the double cyclone structure technology formed by the first cyclone funnel and the second cyclone funnel, the powder is separated from the gas, the powder convergence is achieved, and it is ensured that the powder can be dispersed and regularly enter the molten pool formed by the multiple light beams, and the powder beam is prevented from overflowing. Then, the powder can be accurately aligned with the molten pool, the utilization rate is high, the forming accuracy and efficiency are improved, and the mixing of powder and gas in the internal channel of the existing nozzle is avoided, the powder is distributed in a divergent manner, and it is impossible to accurately converge to the central area of ​​the molten pool, causing the problem of poor precision and quality of the formed parts.

[0018] In summary, the present invention fully integrates the powder feeding module and the multi-beam laser cladding nozzle and cooperates with the double cyclone structure integrated inside the nozzle. The product is relatively compact, the intermediate transmission flexible tube is eliminated, and the problem of unstable powder feeding rate caused by the hose is solved. At the same time, it also solves the problem of poor precision and quality of formed parts caused by the divergent distribution of existing powders and the inability to accurately converge to the center area of ​​the molten pool. It ensures that the utilization rate of powder after convergence and shaping is higher, powder waste is reduced, environmental pollution is small, and the forming efficiency and precision are further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the powder feeding module of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second powder delivery pipe and the second cyclone funnel of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the scraper structure of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the powder feeding state of the first powder feeding pipe of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the powder feeding state of the second powder feeding pipe of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram comparing the uneven powder delivery of the existing structure and the uniform powder delivery of this scheme.

[0026] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the coordination path of the double cyclone structure and the laser beam of the present invention.

[0027] Fig. 9 Schematic diagram for comparing powder beam without and with a double cyclone structure.

[0028] Fig.10 This is a schematic diagram of the beam splitter mechanism and reflective focusing mirror mechanism inside the laser cladding nozzle.

[0029] In the figure: 1. nozzle base plate; 2. laser cladding nozzle; 3. box; 4. powder collecting funnel; 5. first cyclone funnel; 6. first powder delivery pipe; 7. gas delivery pipe; 8. second powder delivery pipe; 9. second cyclone funnel; 10. powder storage tank; 11. motor; 12. turntable; 13. scraper; 14. gas tank; 15. upper cover; 16. collimator mechanism; 17. fixing part; 100. reflective focusing mirror mechanism; 200. spectroscope mechanism; 300. support frame; 400. reflected light path through hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] In order to more clearly understand the above-mentioned purpose, features and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments of the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other without conflict.

[0031] In the present invention, the term "plurality" refers to two or more than two, unless otherwise clearly defined. The term "and / or" used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more related listed items. The terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; "connected" can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "assembled on", "installed on", "fixed on" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be a central element. When an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be a central element at the same time. The terms "vertical", "horizontal", "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only implementation method.

[0033] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways than those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments of the following disclosure.

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 9As shown, the present invention provides a laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping, comprising a nozzle base plate 1, a laser cladding nozzle 2 and a box 3 are fixedly mounted on the nozzle base plate 1, a powder feeding module is arranged in the box 3, and the powder feeding module comprises a powder collecting funnel 4 arranged in the inner cavity of the box 3 and used for holding powder, a first cyclone funnel 5 installed on the laser cladding nozzle 2, a first powder feeding pipe 6 connected to the bottom end of the powder collecting funnel 4, a gas delivery pipe 7 arranged at the top port of the powder collecting funnel 4 and used for outputting gas, a second powder feeding pipe 8 connected to the bottom end of the first cyclone funnel 5, and a second cyclone 8 arranged at the bottom of the powder feeding pipe bracket of the laser cladding nozzle 2. Funnel 9, the second cyclone funnel 9 is sealedly connected with the outer wall of the powder feeding pipe bracket through threads, the end of the second powder feeding pipe 8 away from the first cyclone funnel 5 passes through the inner side of the powder feeding pipe bracket and is arranged at the top port of the second cyclone funnel 9, the end of the first powder feeding pipe 6 away from the powder collecting funnel 4 is arranged at the top port of the first cyclone funnel 5, and the powder particles are transported downward in a spiral form when passing through the first cyclone funnel 5 and the second cyclone funnel 9, and the laser beam generated in the laser cladding nozzle 2 is divided into multiple beams by the internal beam splitter thereof to achieve coaxial wrapping of the second cyclone funnel 9.

[0035] Among them, in order to maintain air tightness, the powder feeding module needs to place the first cyclone funnel 5 in a closed box 3 to ensure that after the argon gas forms a cyclone vortex with the powder, the powder can be converged for the first time to ensure that the powder feeding rate after convergence is relatively stable. At the same time, the powder will flow from the center of the second powder feeding pipe 8 during transportation, and the gas will flow along the periphery of the second powder feeding pipe 8 to ensure that the gas enters the second cyclone funnel 9 along the second powder feeding pipe 8, prompting the powder to converge for the second time in the second cyclone funnel 9 at the bottom, thereby reducing the problem of powder dispersion. At the same time, since the powder feeding module and the laser cladding nozzle 2 are fully integrated, the problem of the existing powder feeder and the nozzle being completely separated is solved, and the integrated part of this article occupies a smaller space, and the product is more compact, which effectively solves the problem of unstable powder feeding rate caused by the hose between the powder feeder and the nozzle, and the problem of unstable powder transportation caused by the movement of the hose driven by the movement of the nozzle.

[0036] Furthermore, in actual operation, the top of the second cyclone funnel 9 can be connected to a sealing cover, wherein the outer wall of the vertical end of the powder feeding pipe bracket can be provided with an external thread texture, and the sealing cover is threadedly connected to the outer wall of the powder feeding pipe bracket through the internal thread of the inner wall thereof, so as to form a sealed connection at the top of the second cyclone funnel 9, prevent gas from leaking from the top of the second cyclone funnel 9, ensure that after the gas and powder form a cyclone vortex, the powder will be separated from the gas and discharged from the nozzle of the nozzle 3 at the same time, wherein the powder flows out from the center of the nozzle, and the gas flows out along the periphery of the nozzle, so that the powder and the gas are separated, and the powder can be accurately gathered in the central area of ​​the molten pool, thereby improving the precision and quality of the formed part.

[0037] It should be emphasized that the connection between the second cyclone funnel 9 and the powder feeding pipe bracket includes but is not limited to threaded connection, and can also be bonded with other materials, etc., which are all technologies well known and applied by those skilled in the art and will not be described one by one in this article.

[0038] Furthermore, the double cyclone structure formed by the first cyclone funnel 5 and the second cyclone funnel 9 realizes the convergence of powder, ensuring that the powder can 100% enter the molten pool formed by the multiple light beams and will not escape from the molten pool, so that the powder can be accurately aligned with the molten pool, with high utilization rate. In addition, after the powder shaping accuracy is improved by adopting the double cyclone structure, the powder convergence effect is better, the light-material coupling accuracy is also higher, and the forming efficiency and accuracy are further improved.

[0039] Combination Figure 5 As shown, as a further feature, the end of the first powder delivery pipe 6 away from the powder collecting funnel 4 is tangent to the inner wall of the conical end of the first cyclone funnel 5. Through the surface of the first powder delivery pipe 6 tangent to the first powder delivery pipe 6 and located on the conical side of the first cyclone funnel 5, the airflow with powder is ejected from the first powder delivery pipe 6 to form a spiral shape, and then the airflow principle of Cyclone (that is, the airflow principle of cyclone vacuum cleaner, because it is an existing public technology and has been widely used in various fields, it will not be elaborated in detail in this article) is adopted to separate the gas and the powder, ensure that the powder forms a convergent powder flow along the bottom of the funnel, promote the utilization rate of the powder after convergence and shaping, ensure that the surface roughness and forming accuracy of the parts are correspondingly improved, thereby preventing the powder from presenting a disorderly powder flow driven by the gas.

[0040] Combination Figure 6As shown, as a further step, the end of the second powder feeding pipe 8 away from the first cyclone funnel 5 is tangent to the inner wall of the conical end of the second cyclone funnel 9. Through the surface of the second powder feeding pipe 8 tangent to and located on the conical side of the second cyclone funnel 9, the powder is ejected from the second powder feeding pipe 8 to form a spiral shape, and the powder convergence effect and shaping accuracy are better, and the dispersion is regular, which not only improves the transportation efficiency but also reduces the risk of pipeline blockage. It is worth noting that when the second cyclone funnel 9 structure is adopted at the bottom of the laser cladding nozzle 2, it is necessary to cooperate with multiple laser beams to coaxially wrap the cyclone structure to ensure that the powder beam is accurately coaxial with the laser beam and improve the laser cladding forming accuracy.

[0041] Furthermore, the collimator mechanism 16, the vertical pipe section of the powder feeding pipe bracket and the second cyclone funnel 9 are arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the center points of each component are arranged in sequence from top to bottom while being on the same axis, which can enable the second cyclone funnel 9 to be located in the center area of ​​multiple laser beams and at the same time in the inner area of ​​the multiple beams, thereby forming a coaxial wrapping of the second cyclone funnel 9 by multiple laser beams.

[0042] Combination Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, as a further feature, the powder delivery module also includes a powder storage tank 10 disposed on the outside of the box body 3 and used to store powder particles, a motor 11 disposed in the inner cavity of the box body 3, a turntable 12 connected to the output end of the motor 11, and a scraper 13 disposed on the top of the turntable 12. The powder in the powder storage tank 10 leaks onto the turntable 12 through a discharge pipe, and when the turntable 12 rotates, the powder is scraped into the powder collecting funnel 4 through the scraper 13. A support arm is fixedly connected to the scraper 13, and one end of the support arm is fixedly mounted on the discharge pipe at the bottom end of the powder storage tank 10.

[0043] Specifically, the rotation direction of the turntable 12 is set to counterclockwise in this article, so that after the powder particles leak from the powder storage tank 10 to the turntable 12, the turntable 12 is driven to rotate by the motor 11, so that when the powder is accumulated to a certain height, the excess powder will be scraped into the powder collecting funnel 4 by the scraper 13, thereby ensuring that the powder particles enter the first cyclone funnel 5 along the first powder delivery pipe 6, and during this period, the powder is brought to the powder delivery pipe below by the air flow with the help of the air delivery pipe 7.

[0044] As a further feature, a gas tank 14 for storing inert gas is fixedly mounted on the nozzle base plate 1, and the gas tank 14 delivers gas to the powder collecting funnel 4, the first powder delivery pipe 6, the first cyclone funnel 5, the second powder delivery pipe 8 and the second cyclone funnel 9 through the gas pipe 7, wherein the inert gas in the gas tank 14 is argon, and the gas pipe 7 is a gas pipe for delivering argon.

[0045] Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, as a further feature, the laser cladding nozzle 2 includes an upper cover 15 connected to the nozzle base plate 1 and a collimator mechanism 16 mounted on the upper cover 15 by screws, and a fixing member 17 is fixedly mounted on the upper cover 15 by screws, a through hole is penetrated through the surface of the fixing member 17, the bottom end of the first cyclone funnel 5 is inserted into the inside of the through hole, and one end of the second powder feeding pipe 8 is arranged in the through hole and communicates with the bottom end of the first cyclone funnel 5, a mounting hole is penetrated through the nozzle base plate 1, and the fixing member 17 is arranged on the inner side of the mounting hole.

[0046] Specifically, the fixing member 17 is installed so that when the bottom end of the first cyclone funnel 5 is inserted into the central through hole of the fixing member 17 , the stability of the first cyclone funnel 5 can be ensured, and the central through hole of the fixing member 17 can be ensured.

[0047] Furthermore, the box body 3, the collimator mechanism 16 and the gas tank 14 are on the same vertical plane, and the collimator mechanism 16 is arranged between the box body 3 and the gas tank 14. This position design layout ensures the normal operation of the laser cladding nozzle 2 while ensuring the use of the powder feeding module, and at the same time makes the device have a certain stability.

[0048] Combination Figure 1 As shown, as a further feature, the nozzle base plate 1 is an L-shaped plate integrally formed by a transverse plate and a longitudinal plate, and the box body 3 and the gas tank 14 are respectively installed on the transverse plate of the nozzle base plate 1, and connecting holes for installing screws are opened on the longitudinal plate of the nozzle base plate 1, so that the nozzle base plate 1 can be detachably connected to the external structure through the screws on the longitudinal plate.

[0049] Combination Figure 8-Figure 10 As shown, as a further feature, the laser cladding nozzle 2 also includes a support frame 300 connected to the upper cover 15, a reflective focusing mirror mechanism 100 installed on the support frame 300, a spectroscope mechanism 200 provided on the support frame 300, and a reflective light path through hole 400 provided on the support frame 300. The laser beam emitted from the collimator mechanism 16 is divided into multiple beams by the spectroscope mechanism 200 and the reflective focusing mirror mechanism 100 to achieve coaxial wrapping of the second cyclone funnel 9.

[0050] Specifically, the laser beam emitted from the collimator mechanism 16 can be projected onto the beam splitter of the beam splitter mechanism 200, and the beam splitter splits the laser beam into multiple beams and projects them onto the corresponding reflective focusing mirror of the reflective focusing mirror mechanism 100. The laser beam reflected by the reflective focusing mirror is projected to the bottom of the second cyclone funnel 9 through the reflective light path through hole 400 to form an envelope light spot. During this period, multiple laser beams coaxially wrap the second cyclone funnel 9 structure when forming the envelope light spot, thereby achieving higher light-material coupling accuracy, higher powder utilization, and further improved forming efficiency and accuracy.

[0051] Further, the support frame 300 is cylindrical, and the support frame 300 has an upper surface, and an adjustment bracket is arranged on the upper surface, and a beam splitter groove for fixing the beam splitter, a bracket groove for fixing each adjustment bracket, and a reflective light path through hole 400 that passes through the support frame 300 are formed inwardly on the upper surface. The support frame 300 is provided with a beam splitter and at least two reflective focusing mirrors, and the reflective focusing mirrors are fixed to the support frame 300 through the adjustment bracket, and the position is finely adjusted by the adjustment bracket, and the adjustment bracket is fixed to the support frame 300 through the bracket groove; in this embodiment, the number of the reflective focusing mirrors and the adjustment bracket is three for illustration, and it is further required to be explained that in other embodiments, the number of the reflective focusing mirrors and the adjustment brackets can also be two or four or more, the central vertical line of the support frame 300 overlaps with the optical axis of the beam splitter, and each bracket groove is evenly arranged around the upper surface relative to the beam splitter groove. The beam splitter receives the incident light beam and reflects it to form a reflected light beam. The reflective focusing mirror receives the reflected light beam and converts it into a focused light beam. The focused light beam passes through the reflective light path through hole 400 that penetrates the support frame 300 and then forms a cladding focus on the substrate.

[0052] It is worth noting that the multi-beam technology of the laser cladding nozzle 2 described above is a well-known public technology. For more details, please refer to the public patent cited in the background technology. It should be noted that when operating and using this article, it is necessary to quote the content of the positional relationship of the multi-beam in the public patent, and no improvement is made to its technology. Since the multi-beam technology is a well-known public technology and can be well known and applied by those skilled in the art, this article does not further elaborate on the multi-beam technology of the laser cladding nozzle 2. In addition, it is more important to note that when the laser cladding nozzle 2 is used in conjunction with the existing multiple laser beams, the laser cladding nozzle 2 can be collectively referred to as a multi-beam laser cladding nozzle 2. After the multi-beam laser cladding nozzle 2 is integrated with the powder feeding module, it occupies a smaller space and the product is more compact. By placing the first cyclone funnel 5 in the closed box 3, the airtightness of the powder feeding module is ensured.

[0053] Combination Figure 8 and Fig.10 As shown, it should be noted that Figure 8and Fig.10 The arrow marked with "L" represents a laser beam. There are multiple laser beams. In this embodiment, since the number of reflective focusing mirrors and adjustment brackets is three, the laser beams in this embodiment are described as three beams.

[0054] Combination Figure 7 and Fig. 9 As shown, when the laser cladding additive manufacturing device does not adopt the double cyclone structure, the powder is divergent and will be scattered around the molten pool. The powder that cannot be fully melted will adhere to the surface of the cladding layer, affecting the surface roughness of the cladding layer, and the divergent powder cannot be accurately coaxial with the laser beam, affecting the laser cladding forming accuracy; when the laser cladding additive manufacturing device adopts the double cyclone structure proposed in this scheme, the double cyclone structure is used to realize the convergence of powder into a powder beam, which can 100% enter the molten pool formed by multiple light beams, so the powder will not leave the molten pool, the powder beam can be accurately aligned with the molten pool, the utilization rate is high, the surface roughness is good, and high-precision forming can be achieved.

[0055] The working principle and use process of the present invention are as follows: when in use, powder particles are discharged from the bottom feed pipe of the powder storage tank 10 onto the turntable 12, and then the motor 11 works to drive the turntable 12 to rotate, so that when the powder is accumulated to a certain height, the excess powder will be scraped into the powder collecting funnel 4 by the scraper 13, and during this period, with the help of the cooperation of the air delivery pipe 7 and the air tank 14, the powder is brought to the first powder delivery pipe 6 below by the air flow, thereby ensuring that the powder particles enter the first cyclone funnel 5 along the first powder delivery pipe 6, and because one end of the first powder delivery pipe 6 is tangent to the surface of the conical side of the first cyclone funnel 5, the gas can be ejected along the first powder delivery pipe 6. The tube wall of the cyclone funnel 5 spirals downward, generating a uniform spiral airflow, so that the powder can flow uniformly downward into the second powder feeding tube 8 along with the airflow. Subsequently, since one end of the second powder feeding tube 8 is tangent to the surface of the conical end of the second cyclone funnel 9, the powder can be ejected from the second powder feeding tube 8 and flow uniformly downward in a spiral shape on the tube wall of the second cyclone funnel 9. The powder aggregation effect and shaping accuracy are better and the dispersion is regular, which not only improves the transportation efficiency, but also reduces the risk of pipeline blockage. At the same time, since the utilization rate of the powder is improved after aggregation and shaping, the surface roughness and forming accuracy of the parts are correspondingly improved.

[0056] Therefore, the present invention adopts the double cyclone technology of the first cyclone funnel 5 and the second cyclone funnel 9 to separate the powder and gas in the internal channel of the nozzle, reduce the divergence effect of the powder beam after leaving the nozzle, help the powder beam to coaxially align with the molten pool area, prevent the powder beam from overflowing, improve the powder utilization rate and the forming accuracy and efficiency, and avoid the mixing of powder and gas in the internal channel of the existing nozzle, the powder is distributed in a divergent manner, and cannot be accurately gathered in the central area of ​​the molten pool, causing the problem of poor precision and quality of the formed parts.

[0057] It is worth noting that the powder feeding module in this article is the powder feeder module, and the main part of the powder feeder is mainly composed of a powder collecting funnel 4, a first cyclone funnel 5, a first powder feeding pipe 6, a turntable 12, a motor 11 and a gas tank 14. The main part cooperates with the remaining structures to realize the direct integration of the powder feeder module and the multi-beam laser cladding nozzle 2, cancels the intermediate transmission flexible pipe, avoids the multi-beam nozzle working process to drive the hose movement, and causes the problem of unstable powder delivery, thereby effectively solving the problem of unstable powder feeding rate caused by the hose between the powder feeder and the nozzle.

[0058] In the description of this specification, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representation of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0059] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping, characterized in that: The invention comprises a nozzle base plate (1), on which a laser cladding nozzle (2) and a box (3) are fixedly mounted, wherein a powder delivery module is arranged in the box (3), wherein the powder delivery module comprises a powder collecting funnel (4) arranged in the inner cavity of the box (3) and used for receiving powder, a first cyclone funnel (5) installed on the laser cladding nozzle (2), a first powder delivery pipe (6) connected to the bottom end of the powder collecting funnel (4), a gas delivery pipe (7) arranged at the top port of the powder collecting funnel (4) and used for outputting gas, a second powder delivery pipe (8) connected to the bottom end of the first cyclone funnel (5), and a second cyclone funnel (9) arranged at the bottom of the powder delivery pipe bracket of the laser cladding nozzle (2). The second cyclone funnel (9) is sealedly connected to the outer wall of the powder delivery pipe bracket, the end of the second powder delivery pipe (8) away from the first cyclone funnel (5) passes through the inner side of the powder delivery pipe bracket and is arranged at the top end of the second cyclone funnel (9), the end of the first powder delivery pipe (6) away from the powder receiving funnel (4) is arranged at the top end of the first cyclone funnel (5), and the powder particles are transported downward in a spiral form when passing through the first cyclone funnel (5) and the second cyclone funnel (9), and the laser beam generated in the laser cladding nozzle (2) is divided into multiple beams by the internal beam splitter thereof to achieve coaxial wrapping of the second cyclone funnel (9).

2. The laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the first powder delivery pipe (6) away from the powder collecting funnel (4) is tangent to the inner wall of the conical end of the first cyclone funnel (5).

3. The laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the second powder delivery pipe (8) away from the first cyclone funnel (5) is tangent to the inner wall of the conical end of the second cyclone funnel (9).

4. The laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that: The powder delivery module further comprises a powder storage tank (10) arranged outside the box (3) and used for storing powder particles, a motor (11) arranged in the inner cavity of the box (3), a turntable (12) connected to the output end of the motor (11), and a scraper (13) arranged on the top of the turntable (12); the powder in the powder storage tank (10) leaks onto the turntable (12) through a discharge pipe, and when the turntable (12) rotates, the powder is scraped into the powder collecting hopper (4) through the scraper (13).

5. The laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping according to claim 4, characterized in that: A support arm is fixedly connected to the scraper (13), and one end of the support arm is fixedly mounted on a feed pipe at the bottom end of the powder storage tank (10).

6. The laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gas tank (14) for storing inert gas is fixedly mounted on the nozzle base plate (1), and the gas tank (14) delivers gas to the powder collecting funnel (4), the first powder delivery pipe (6), the first cyclone funnel (5), the second powder delivery pipe (8) and the second cyclone funnel (9) through a gas delivery pipe (7).

7. The laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping according to claim 6, characterized in that: The laser cladding nozzle (2) comprises an upper cover (15) connected to the nozzle base plate (1) and a collimator mechanism (16) mounted on the upper cover (15) by screws, and a fixing member (17) is fixedly mounted on the upper cover (15) by screws, a through hole is formed through the surface of the fixing member (17), the bottom end of the first cyclone funnel (5) is inserted into the inside of the through hole, and one end of the second powder feeding pipe (8) is arranged in the through hole and communicates with the bottom end of the first cyclone funnel (5), a mounting hole is formed through the nozzle base plate (1), and the fixing member (17) is arranged on the inner side of the mounting hole.

8. The laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping according to claim 7, characterized in that: The box body (3), the collimator mechanism (16) and the gas tank (14) are located on the same vertical plane, and the collimator mechanism (16) is arranged between the box body (3) and the gas tank (14).

9. The laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping according to claim 8, characterized in that: The nozzle base plate (1) is an L-shaped plate formed integrally of a transverse plate and a longitudinal plate, and the box body (3) and the gas tank (14) are respectively mounted on the transverse plate of the nozzle base plate (1), and the longitudinal plate of the nozzle base plate (1) is provided with connection holes for mounting screws.

10. The laser cladding additive manufacturing device with powder beam shaping according to claim 7, characterized in that: The laser cladding nozzle (2) further comprises a support frame (300) connected to the upper cover (15), a reflective focusing mirror mechanism (100) mounted on the support frame (300), a beam splitter mechanism (200) disposed on the support frame (300), and a reflective light path through hole (400) provided on the support frame (300); the laser beam emitted from the collimator mechanism (16) is split into multiple beams by the beam splitter mechanism (200) and the reflective focusing mirror mechanism (100) to achieve coaxial wrapping of the second cyclone funnel (9).

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