Linkage simple pendulum turning and milling composite pendulum head
By designing a linked single-swing milling composite swing head, the spindle is driven by a servo motor and a reducer, and combining the decoder and the piston frame to stabilize the bearing rotation, the problems of inconvenient debugging and slow system communication in the existing technology are solved, and the processing effect of high speed, high rigidity and high precision is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202411897888.3
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-12-23
- Publication Date
- 2025-03-28
- Estimated Expiration
- Not applicable · inactive patent
AI Technical Summary
In the prior art, disadvantages such as inconvenient debugging and slow system communication limitations lead to low material processing accuracy, difficult processing of special-shaped parts, and offset during the rotation of the bearing roller, resulting in vibration during the rotation of the output shaft, reducing the processing accuracy.
A linked single-swalking milling composite swing head is designed, using a servo motor to drive the coupling and reducer to rotate, and the spindle in the spindle box is connected through the swing shaft. The outer ring of the bearing is equipped with a biaser and a piston frame. The piston frame compresses air through the vacuum frame to stabilize the rotation of the bearing and ensures the smooth rotation of the output shaft.
The torque is amplified by gears, the cutting rigidity is improved, the system is fast and the system is easy to debug, the original electrical parts are low, and it is adapted to various CNC systems to achieve high-speed, high-rigidity, and high-precision processing effects. It also stabilizes the bearing rotation through the piston frame, reduces vibration, and improves machining accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN119703193A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of machine tool equipment, and in particular to a linked single-swing turning-milling compound swing head. Background Art
[0002] At present, there are three main types of single-axis swing milling heads used in my country's machining centers, gantry boring and milling machines, and lathes. The first type of milling head spindle rotation is derived from the main transmission, mostly mechanical transmission, and the milling head rotary indexing is mostly positioned by a dividing plate. The second type of milling head spindle rotation is the same type, and the milling head rotary indexing uses worm gears and gears to achieve continuous indexing. The movement is driven by the main transmission or an additional motor. The third type of milling head spindle and rotary axis use built-in motors and can participate in the rotation; However, the existing technology has shortcomings such as inconvenient debugging and slow system communication, low material processing accuracy, difficulty in processing special-shaped parts, and the offset of the roller rotation process of the bearing causes vibration in the output shaft's autonomous rotation process, thereby reducing processing accuracy. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a linked single-swing turning and milling compound swing head. Summary of the invention
[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art such as inconvenient debugging and slow system communication limitations, low material processing accuracy and difficulty in processing special-shaped parts, thereby proposing a linked single-swing turning and milling compound swing head.
[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a linked turning and milling compound single swing head, comprising a spindle box, a spindle and a spindle rear protection cover, a spindle rear protection cover is fixed to one end of the spindle box, a spindle is embedded in the other end of the spindle box, a first swing shaft connecting plate is fixed in the middle of the spindle box, a bearing outer ring is embedded above the first swing shaft connecting plate, a second swing shaft connecting plate is nested above the bearing outer ring, a reduction box is arranged above the interior of the second swing shaft connecting plate, a swing shaft input shaft is arranged above the reduction box, a coupling is fixed above the swing shaft input shaft, a servo motor is arranged and fixed above the coupling, a flange is fixed below the servo motor, a first shaft rear protection cylinder is installed on the outer side of the second swing shaft connecting plate through a nut, a second shaft rear protection cylinder is installed on the top of the first shaft rear protection cylinder, and a swing shaft rear cover is installed on the top of the second shaft rear protection cylinder.
[0005] Further preferably, the output shaft below the servo motor is connected to the top of the coupling, and the servo motor drives the gear box in the reduction box to rotate through the coupling. The output end of the gear box is connected to the spindle in the spindle box through a swing shaft, and a partial encoder is arranged on the outer ring of the bearing. There is a bearing fixing position below the second swing shaft connecting plate, and the outer ring of the bearing is fixed to the second swing shaft connecting plate through the nut of its outer ring. There are motor power sockets, partial encoder sockets, spindle cooling water ports, cutting water ports, airtight seals, processing air blowing ports and knife return ports on the back cover of the swing shaft. The knife hydraulic oil enters the spindle power end, the servo motor, the partial encoder on the outer ring of the bearing and other swing heads through the inlet. The inlets of the input ends of the line, water, air and oil are all arranged on the back cover of the swing shaft. The first swing shaft connecting plate has a bearing locating shaft, which is installed in the outer ring of the bearing through the bearing locating shaft. The first swing shaft connecting plate is fixed with nuts through the nut holes of the inner ring of the outer ring of the bearing, and the reduction gearbox is installed in the second swing shaft connecting plate. The reduction gearbox is fixed to the upper end surface of the second swing shaft connecting plate through nuts. There is an adjusting nut on the second swing shaft connecting plate to adjust the assembly deviation value caused by the tolerance of parts processing in various parts. There is an output surface under the reduction gearbox, and there is a fixing nut on the output surface of the reduction gearbox. There is a flange on the main shaft box, and there are screw holes around the flange. There is a flange in the first swing shaft connecting plate, and there are screw holes around the flange. Through the flange on the main shaft box, the flange on the docking swing shaft is connected, and fixed with nuts from the main shaft box through the output surface of the reduction gearbox. There are fixing nuts and adjusting nuts on the second swing shaft connecting plate. The adjusting nut can realize the accuracy difference of the geometric surface of the machine tool generated when the swing head is connected to the machine tool, and can be adjusted. The fixing nut plays a role in fixing the connection with the machine tool.
[0006] Further preferably, the bearing outer ring includes an inner ring, a small ring, a large ring, an inner support ring, a vacuum frame, a piston frame, a threaded tube, a piston ring, a sealing plate, a side hole, a rubber ring, a center through hole, a slot and a rolling shaft, an inner ring is arranged inside the bearing outer ring, a large ring is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the bearing outer ring, a small ring is fixedly arranged on the outer ring of the inner ring, an inner support ring is arranged between the bearing outer ring and the inner ring, and multiple rolling shafts are arranged between the bearing outer ring and the inner ring.
[0007] Further preferably, a plurality of vacuum frames are fixedly provided on the outer side of the inner support ring, piston frames are movably inserted into both ends of the vacuum frame, a threaded tube is embedded in the middle thread of the vacuum frame, a sealing plate is fixedly provided at one end of the threaded tube, a rubber ring is bonded to the surface of the sealing plate, a piston ring is nested at one end of the piston frame, and a slot is provided at one end opening of the threaded tube.
[0008] Further preferably, the side opening at the other end of the threaded tube is provided with a side hole, and the middle opening of the threaded tube is provided with a central through hole, and the central through hole is communicated with the side hole.
[0009] Further preferably, a groove is provided in the middle opening of the rolling shaft, the inner support ring is located in the groove of the rolling shaft, a plurality of rolling shafts and a plurality of vacuum frames are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of rolling shafts surround the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing.
[0010] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: through the principle of gear amplification of torque, the cutting rigidity is greater than that of a swing head of the same volume, the system has fast communication and convenient debugging, the configuration cost of electrical components is low, and it is compatible with various CNC systems to achieve high-speed, high-rigidity, and high-precision processing effects; the piston frame is against the side of the rolling shaft, and the piston frame can compress the air inside the vacuum frame so that the piston frame can stably against the side of the rolling shaft to prevent vibration during the rotation of the rolling shaft, ensure the smooth rotation of the outer ring and the inner ring of the bearing, stabilize the rotation of the output shaft, and greatly increase the processing accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a disassembly schematic diagram of the present invention as a whole; Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the outer ring of the bearing of the present invention; Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the outer ring of the bearing of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a disassembly schematic diagram of the outer ring of the bearing of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inner support ring of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the piston frame of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the threaded pipe of the present invention.
[0012] In the figure: spindle box 1, spindle 2, protective cover 3, first swing shaft connecting plate 4, bearing outer ring 5, inner ring 51, small ring 52, large ring 53, inner support ring 54, vacuum frame 55, piston frame 56, threaded tube 57, piston ring 58, sealing plate 59, side hole 510, rubber ring 511, middle through hole 512, slot 513, rolling shaft 514, second swing shaft connecting plate 6, reduction box 7, coupling 8, flange 9, servo motor 10, first shaft rear protective tube 11, second shaft rear protective tube 12, swing shaft rear cover 13. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0013] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.
[0014] Reference Figures 1 to 8A linked turning and milling composite single swing head comprises a spindle box 1, a spindle 2 and a spindle rear protection cover 3, wherein the spindle rear protection cover 3 is fixed to one end of the spindle box 1, and the spindle 2 is embedded in the other end of the spindle box 1, a first swing shaft connecting plate 4 is fixed in the middle of the spindle box 1, a bearing outer ring 5 is embedded above the first swing shaft connecting plate 4, a second swing shaft connecting plate 6 is nested above the bearing outer ring 5, a reduction box 7 is arranged above the inside of the second swing shaft connecting plate 6, a swing shaft input shaft is arranged above the reduction box 7, a coupling 8 is fixed above the swing shaft input shaft, a servo motor 10 is arranged and fixed above the coupling 8, a flange 9 is fixed below the servo motor 10, a first shaft rear protection cylinder 11 is installed on the outer side of the second swing shaft connecting plate 6 through a nut, a second shaft rear protection cylinder 12 is installed on the top of the first shaft rear protection cylinder 11, and a swing shaft rear cover 13 is installed on the top of the second shaft rear protection cylinder 12.
[0015] Preferably, the output shaft below the servo motor 10 is connected to the top of the coupling 8, and the servo motor 10 drives the gear box in the reduction box 7 to rotate through the coupling 8. The output end of the gear box is connected to the main shaft 2 in the main shaft box 1 through a swing shaft. A partial encoder is arranged on the outer ring 5 of the bearing, and a bearing fixing position is arranged below the second swing shaft connecting plate 6. The outer ring 5 of the bearing is fixed to the second swing shaft connecting plate 6 through the nut of its outer ring. There are motor power sockets, partial encoder sockets, spindle cooling water inlets, cutting water inlets, airtight seals, processing air blowing ports and knife return ports on the swing shaft rear cover 13. The knife hydraulic oil enters the power end of the main shaft 2, the servo motor 10, the partial encoder on the outer ring 5 of the bearing, and other parts of the swing head through the inlet. The inlets of the input ends of the line, water, gas and oil are all arranged on the swing shaft rear cover 13. The first swing shaft connecting plate 4 has a bearing locating shaft which is installed in the bearing outer ring 5 through the bearing locating shaft. The first swing shaft connection plate 4 is fixed with a nut through the nut hole of the inner ring of the bearing outer ring 5, the reduction box 7 is installed in the second swing shaft connection plate 6, the reduction box 7 is fixed to the upper end surface of the second swing shaft connection plate 6 through the nut, the second swing shaft connection plate 6 is provided with an adjusting nut, and the assembly deviation value caused by the tolerance of the parts processing of each part is adjusted, the output surface of the reduction box 7 is provided below, and the output surface of the reduction box 7 is provided with a fixing nut, the main shaft box 1 is provided with a flange, and the flange is provided with screw holes around, the first swing shaft connection plate 4 is provided with a flange, and the flange is provided with screw holes around, through the flange on the main shaft box 1, the flange on the butt swing shaft 4 is connected, and the output surface of the reduction box 7 is fixed with a nut from the main shaft box 1, and the second swing shaft connection plate 6 is provided with a fixing nut and an adjusting nut, and the adjusting nut can realize the accuracy difference of the geometric surface of the machine tool generated when the swing head is connected to the machine tool, and can be adjusted, and the fixing nut plays a role in fixing and connecting the machine tool; In specific implementation, the output shaft below the servo motor 10 is connected to the top of the coupling 8, and the servo motor 10 drives the gear box in the reduction box 7 to rotate through the coupling 8, and the output end of the gear box is connected to the main shaft 2 in the main shaft box 1 through the swing shaft; When the servo motor 10 drives the coupling 8 to rotate, the coupling 8 will drive the swing shaft to rotate through the gear box in the reduction box 7, so that the swing head can swing positively and negatively by 360 degrees, and the swing resolution can reach one thousandth of a degree; The outer ring 5 of the bearing is provided with a bias encoder, and a bearing fixing position is provided below the second swing shaft connecting plate 6. The outer ring 5 of the bearing is fixed to the second swing shaft connecting plate 6 through a nut on its outer ring; By selecting the specifications of the encoder, the angular displacement can be controlled to achieve ultra-high precision and processing effect, so that the processing accuracy can reach up to positive and negative delta seconds; The swing shaft rear cover 13 is provided with a motor power socket, a bias encoder socket, a spindle cooling water port, a cutting water port, a gas seal port, a processing air blowing port and a knife return air port. The knife hydraulic oil enters the spindle 2 power end, the bias encoder on the bearing outer ring 5 and other swing heads through the inlet. The inlets of the input ends of the wire, water, gas and oil are all arranged on the swing shaft rear cover 13; By injecting water, gas, oil, etc. into these inlets, the main shaft 2 of the device can be lubricated and cooled during operation, and various operations such as heat dissipation can be performed on other parts to improve the stability of the device during operation.
[0016] In some embodiments, the first swing shaft connecting plate 4 has a bearing positioning shaft which is installed in the bearing outer ring 5 through the bearing positioning shaft and fixed with a nut through the nut hole of the inner ring of the bearing outer ring 5; The first swing shaft connecting plate 4 and the inner part of the bearing outer ring 5 can form a whole, and the stability during the movement is improved by the operation of the bearing outer ring 5; The reduction box 7 is installed in the second swing shaft connecting plate 6 and fixed to the upper end surface of the second swing shaft connecting plate 6 by a nut. An adjusting nut is arranged on the second swing shaft connecting plate 6 to adjust the assembly deviation value caused by the tolerance of the parts processing in each part. The adjusting nut plays the role of optimizing the tolerance generated in the parts processing by adjusting the nut.
[0017] Preferably, the bearing outer ring 5 comprises an inner ring 51, a small circular ring 52, a large circular ring 53, an inner support ring 54, a vacuum frame 55, a piston frame 56, a threaded tube 57, a piston ring 58, a sealing plate 59, a side hole 510, a rubber ring 511, a middle through hole 512, a straight groove 513 and a rolling shaft 514. The inner ring 51 is arranged inside the bearing outer ring 5, the large circular ring 53 is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the bearing outer ring 5, the small circular ring 52 is fixedly arranged on the outer ring of the inner ring 51, an inner support ring 54 is arranged between the bearing outer ring 5 and the inner ring 51, a plurality of rolling shafts 514 are arranged between the bearing outer ring 5 and the inner ring 51, a plurality of vacuum frames 55 are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the inner support ring 54, and the piston frames 514 are movably inserted into the two ends of the vacuum frame 55. 6. A threaded tube 57 is embedded in the middle thread of the vacuum frame 55. A sealing plate 59 is fixedly arranged at one end of the threaded tube 57. A rubber ring 511 is bonded to the surface of the sealing plate 59. A piston ring 58 is nested at one end of the piston frame 56. A slot 513 is arranged at one end opening of the threaded tube 57. A side hole 510 is arranged at the side opening of the other end of the threaded tube 57. A middle through hole 512 is arranged at the middle opening of the threaded tube 57. The middle through hole 512 is communicated with the side hole 510. A groove is arranged at the middle opening of the rolling shaft 514. The inner support ring 54 is located in the groove of the rolling shaft 514. Multiple rolling shafts 514 and multiple vacuum frames 55 are arranged at intervals. Multiple rolling shafts 514 surround between the outer ring 5 and the inner ring 51 of the bearing. In specific implementation, during installation, first, use a flat-blade screwdriver to insert into the flat-blade slot 513 of the threaded tube 57, twist the threaded tube 57 and the sealing plate 59 by the screwdriver to rotate, so that the side hole 510 at the end of the threaded tube 57 extends into the interior of the vacuum frame 55, and the air enters the middle through hole 512 of the vacuum frame 55 through the side hole 510, so that the air can pass through the vacuum frame 55 through the middle through hole 512 and the side hole 510, and then insert the two piston frames 56 into the two ends of the vacuum frame 55, and the air inside the vacuum frame 55 is partially squeezed out by the piston frames 56, and then twist the threaded tube 57 and the sealing plate 59 by the screwdriver to rotate, so that the rubber ring 510 on the side of the sealing plate 59 11 is tightly attached to the inner side of the vacuum frame 55 to complete the seal and prevent air from entering the side hole 510. The piston ring 58 can slide on the port of the vacuum frame 55. The piston ring 58 is set in the gap between the vacuum frame 55 and the piston frame 56. When the outer ring 5 of the bearing rotates at high speed, it rubs the rolling shaft 514 to make it rotate at high speed. The piston frame 56 presses on both sides of the rolling shaft 514 to limit it. The vibration of the rolling shaft 514 during rotation acts on the piston frame 56. The piston frame 56 squeezes the air inside the vacuum frame 55. The air can be compressed and has good buffering capacity. The two piston frames 56 press on both sides of the rolling shaft 514 to make the rolling shaft 514 rotate stably.
[0018] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A combined turning and milling single swing head, comprising a spindle box (1), a spindle (2) and a spindle rear protection cover (3), wherein the spindle rear protection cover (3) is fixed to one end of the spindle box (1), and the spindle (2) is embedded in the other end of the spindle box (1), characterized in that: A first swing shaft connection plate (4) is fixed in the middle of the main shaft box (1); a bearing outer ring (5) is embedded above the first swing shaft connection plate (4); a second swing shaft connection plate (6) is embedded above the bearing outer ring (5); a reduction box (7) is arranged above the interior of the second swing shaft connection plate (6); a swing shaft input shaft is arranged above the reduction box (7); a coupling (8) is fixed above the swing shaft input shaft; a servo motor (10) is arranged and fixed above the coupling (8); a flange (9) is fixed below the servo motor (10); a first shaft rear protection cylinder (11) is mounted on the outer side of the second swing shaft connection plate (6) via a nut; a second shaft rear protection cylinder (12) is mounted on the top of the first shaft rear protection cylinder (11); and a swing shaft rear cover (13) is mounted on the top of the second shaft rear protection cylinder (12).
2. The linkage single-swing turning-milling compound swing head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The output shaft at the bottom of the servo motor (10) is connected to the top of the coupling (8). The servo motor (10) drives the gear box in the reduction box (7) to rotate through the coupling (8). The output end of the gear box is connected to the main shaft (2) in the main shaft box (1) through the swing shaft. A partial encoder is provided on the outer ring of the bearing (5). A bearing fixing position is provided below the second swing shaft connecting plate (6). The outer ring of the bearing (5) is fixed to the second swing shaft connecting plate (6) through a nut on its outer ring. The rear cover (13) is provided with a motor power socket, a bias encoder socket, a spindle cooling water inlet, a cutting water inlet, a gas seal, a processing air blowing port and a knife return air inlet. The knife hydraulic oil enters the spindle (2) power end, the servo motor (10), the bias encoder on the bearing outer ring (5) and other internal parts of the swing head through the inlet. The inlets of the input ends of the line, water, air and oil are all arranged on the swing shaft rear cover (13). The first swing shaft connecting plate (4) has a bearing locating shaft which is installed in the bearing outer ring (5) through the bearing locating shaft. ), the first swing shaft connecting plate (4) is fixed with a nut through the nut hole of the inner ring of the bearing outer ring (5), the reduction box (7) is installed in the second swing shaft connecting plate (6), the reduction box (7) is fixed to the upper end surface of the second swing shaft connecting plate (6) through the nut, the second swing shaft connecting plate (6) has an adjusting nut, and the assembly deviation value caused by the tolerance of the parts processing of each part is adjusted, the reduction box (7) has an output surface below, and the output surface of the reduction box (7) has a fixing nut, the main shaft box (1) has a flange, and the flange has screw holes around it, the first swing shaft connecting plate (4) has a flange, and the flange has screw holes around it, through the flange on the main shaft box (1), the flange on the swing shaft (4) is connected, and the nut is fixed from the main shaft box (1) through the output surface of the reduction box (7), and the second swing shaft connecting plate (6) has a fixing nut and an adjusting nut, the adjusting nut can realize the accuracy difference of the geometric surface of the machine tool generated when the swing head is connected to the machine tool, and can be adjusted, and the fixing nut plays a role in fixing the connection with the machine tool.
3. The linkage single-swing turning-milling compound swing head according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bearing outer ring (5) comprises an inner ring (51), a small circular ring (52), a large circular ring (53), an inner support ring (54), a vacuum frame (55), a piston frame (56), a threaded tube (57), a piston ring (58), a sealing plate (59), a side hole (510), a rubber ring (511), a central through hole (512), a slot (513) and a rolling shaft (514); the inner ring (51) is arranged inside the bearing outer ring (5); the large circular ring (53) is fixedly arranged on the inner side of the bearing outer ring (5); the outer ring of the inner ring (51) is fixedly arranged with a small circular ring (52); an inner support ring (54) is arranged between the bearing outer ring (5) and the inner ring (51); and a plurality of rolling shafts (514) are arranged between the bearing outer ring (5) and the inner ring (51).
4. The linkage single-swing turning-milling compound swing head according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A plurality of vacuum frames (55) are fixedly arranged on the outer side of the inner support ring (54); piston frames (56) are movably inserted into the two ends of the vacuum frames (55); a threaded tube (57) is embedded in the middle thread of the vacuum frame (55); a sealing plate (59) is fixedly arranged at one end of the threaded tube (57); a rubber ring (511) is bonded to the surface of the sealing plate (59); a piston ring (58) is nested at one end of the piston frame (56); and a slot (513) is provided at one end of the threaded tube (57).
5. The linkage single-swing turning-milling compound swing head according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The side opening at the other end of the threaded tube (57) is provided with a side hole (510), and the middle opening of the threaded tube (57) is provided with a central through hole (512), and the central through hole (512) is communicated with the side hole (510).
6. The linkage single-swing turning-milling compound swing head according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The middle opening of the rolling shaft (514) is provided with a groove, the inner support ring (54) is located in the groove of the rolling shaft (514), a plurality of rolling shafts (514) and a plurality of vacuum frames (55) are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of rolling shafts (514) surrounds between the outer ring (5) and the inner ring (51) of the bearing.