A heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and its preparation process

Abstract

This application relates to the field of alloy processing technology, and specifically discloses a heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and its preparation process. In terms of mass percentage, the alloy welding wire is composed of the following raw material components: Mg 4-6%, Cr 0.2-0.35%, Ti 0.1-0.2%, Mn 0.05-0.2%, Zn 0.02-0.05%, C 0.1-0.3%, Sc 0.05-0.15%, and the rest is Al and inevitable impurities, where the impurities ≤ 0.03%; during the preparation of the alloy welding wire, C is added in the form of graphite powder. The preparation process of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is as follows: (1) After heating the aluminum ingot to melting, add each element in turn, stir evenly, degas, heat up and skim the slag, and pour to obtain an aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot; (2) Perform drawing and heat treatment on the aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot to obtain the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire; among them, the C element is added to the melting system in the form of graphite powder, and before adding the graphite powder, the temperature of the melting system is controlled above 1000 °C.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of alloy processing, and more specifically, to a heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and its preparation process. Background Art

[0002] With the development of lightweight and high-speed transportation tools, aluminum alloys have been widely used. At the same time, higher requirements are put forward for the welding materials and welding technologies of aluminum alloys. Aluminum-magnesium alloys have good plastic fracture toughness, fatigue strength, and corrosion resistance. At the same time, they also have good forming processability and weldability. Therefore, they have become the main welding materials for aluminum alloy structural parts, and the performance of welding materials is the key to affecting the overall components. Under the condition of a certain base material, the performance of welded structural parts mainly depends on the welding process and the composition and performance of the welding wire. Therefore, improving the performance of aluminum-magnesium welding wire materials is of great significance for the wide application of aluminum alloy welded structural parts.

[0003] The chemical composition of aluminum alloy welding wires, in addition to the aluminum matrix, generally also contains various main alloying elements, added trace elements, and impurity elements. According to the different main alloying elements, they can be divided into pure aluminum welding wires, aluminum-copper welding wires, aluminum-silicon welding wires, aluminum-manganese welding wires, and aluminum-magnesium welding wires. The main alloying element of aluminum-magnesium welding wires is magnesium, and the trace elements are mainly manganese, chromium, titanium, etc.

[0004] As a welding material with high strength and excellent corrosion resistance, aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wires have a wide range of applications in the field of modern industrial manufacturing. Aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wires not only inherit the light weight, corrosion resistance, and good plasticity of aluminum but also combine the high strength and high hardness characteristics of magnesium, making it an ideal welding material, especially in occasions where heat resistance and wear resistance are required.

[0005] The main characteristics of aluminum-magnesium welding wires include high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, good plasticity and toughness, low smoke and low spatter, and heat resistance. The high strength, high stability, and corrosion resistance of aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wires make them used in many fields such as aerospace, automotive manufacturing, building decoration, electronic appliances, and rail transit.

[0006] Although aluminum-magnesium welding wires have many advantages, there is still room for improvement in heat resistance and wear resistance. Traditional aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wires may experience problems such as performance degradation and strength reduction in extreme high-temperature and friction environments, affecting the stability and service life of welded parts. Therefore, developing a heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and its preparation method to meet the application requirements in high-temperature and wear-resistant environments has become the focus of current research. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire and its preparation method.

[0008] In a first aspect, the present application provides a heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, adopting the following technical solution:

[0009] A heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, by mass percentage, comprises the following raw material components: Mg 4-6%, Cr 0.2-0.35%, Ti 0.1-0.2%, Mn 0.05-0.2%, Zn 0.02-0.05%, C 0.1-0.3%, Sc 0.05-0.15%, reinforcing phase particles 1-2%, and the balance is Al and unavoidable impurities, wherein the impurities ≤ 0.03%;

[0010] In the process of preparing the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, the C is added in the form of graphite powder.

[0011] When the Mg content exceeds 6%, Mg5Al3 and Mg2Al6 will precipitate preferentially at its grain boundaries compared to Al3Mg2, which will lead to the formation of intergranular cracks in the aluminum alloy and reduce the stress corrosion resistance. Therefore, the content of Mg should not exceed 6%. Mn can inhibit the recrystallization process in the aluminum-magnesium alloy, increase the recrystallization temperature, and refine the recrystallized structure; the content of Mn should not be too high, otherwise a large amount of brittle MnAl6 will be formed, resulting in a significant decrease in the plasticity of the alloy and a sharp decline in the processing performance of the material.

[0012] The Cr element is a transition element. Adding a small amount of Cr element can effectively improve the structure and properties of the aluminum alloy. Similar to the Mn element, the Cr element can generate dispersed particles in the aluminum alloy, hinder the movement of dislocations and the migration between grain boundaries, inhibit the occurrence of recrystallization, increase the recrystallization temperature, make the grain size of the alloy casting structure smaller, and improve both the mechanical properties and the stress corrosion resistance of the aluminum alloy. Adding a trace amount of Cr to the aluminum alloy welding wire, when the welding wire melts and solidifies rapidly during welding, primary Al7Cr phase will precipitate dispersedly on the aluminum matrix, thereby improving the strength of the welded joint and reducing the tendency to generate welding hot cracks at the same time.

[0013] When Zn is added to aluminum alone, its improvement of the mechanical properties of the aluminum alloy has limitations. The addition of zinc increases the intergranular cracks and reduces the stress corrosion resistance. When Zn is added to the aluminum-magnesium alloy, the precipitation sequence of the age-hardening phase is: supersaturated solid solution, GP zone, metastable precipitate phase, stable precipitate phase MgZn2, with good strengthening effect and can be heat-treated, so it can be applied to fields such as aerospace, vehicles, and marine engineering, greatly broadening the application fields.

[0014] A small amount of Ti element can not only refine the as-cast structure of aluminum alloy, but also partially inhibit recrystallization, increase the recrystallization temperature, improve the weldability of the aluminum alloy, and at the same time significantly reduce the sensitivity to hot cracks, reduce the tendency of hot cracks in the welded joint during the welding process, thereby improving the welding quality of the welded joint; the addition of Ti element can cause the precipitation of primary TiAl3 phase in the aluminum alloy during the welding process. The TiAl3 particles are very close to the aluminum matrix in terms of lattice constant, crystal structure and size, and can serve as a good substrate for stacking, providing the core for heterogeneous nucleation of the aluminum matrix, and thus significantly refining the grain structure of the welded joint during the welding process.

[0015] The addition of a small amount of Sc can form primary Al3(Sc, Zr) particles during the rapid solidification process of the aluminum alloy. This particle is a particle with an L12-type structure, which can provide the core for heterogeneous nucleation of the aluminum matrix, thereby refining the aluminum alloy grains; the Al(Sc, Zr) particles have the properties of high melting point, refractory and stable structure. During fusion welding, the grain refinement effect caused by the addition of scandium and zirconium is still applicable. Therefore, the grains of the welded joint are refined, the tendency to form welding hot cracks in the welded joint can be reduced, the mechanical properties of the welded joint are improved, and its stress corrosion resistance is also improved.

[0016] The introduction of C element can further strengthen the aluminum-magnesium alloy, improve the heat resistance, wear resistance and impact toughness of the aluminum-magnesium alloy. However, too high content of C element is likely to cause fatigue cracks in the aluminum-magnesium alloy, reduce the strength and plasticity, and thus cause cracking phenomenon. The addition of rare earth element Sc can improve the mechanical properties of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, so it can make up for the defect of the decline of the mechanical properties of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire caused by the introduction of C element.

[0017] Preferably, the particle size of the graphite powder is 160 - 200 μm. More preferably, the particle size of the graphite powder is 160 - 180 μm.

[0018] The melting point of graphite is as high as 3650 °C and it is difficult to melt during the preparation of the welding wire. Controlling the particle size of graphite between 160 - 200 μm can make the graphite powder evenly dispersed in the alloy crystal phase without agglomeration.

[0019] Preferably, during the preparation of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire:

[0020] The Mn is added in the form of Al-Mn master alloy, and the mass content of Mn is 6 - 8%;

[0021] The Cr is added in the form of Al-Cr master alloy, and the mass content of Cr is 6 - 8%;

[0022] The Ti is added in the form of Al-Ti master alloy, and the mass content of Ti is 14 - 16%;

[0023] The Ti is added in the form of an Al-Sc master alloy, wherein the mass content of the Sc is 8-12%.

[0024] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a method for preparing a heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, adopting the following technical solution:

[0025] (1) After heating the aluminum ingot to melting, add each element in sequence. After stirring evenly, degas, heat up and skim the slag, and pour to obtain an aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot bar;

[0026] (2) Carry out drawing and heat treatment on the aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot bar to obtain the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire;

[0027] Among them, the C element is added to the melting system in the form of graphite powder. Before adding the graphite powder, the temperature of the melting system is controlled above 1000 °C.

[0028] In the process of preparing the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire in the present application, it is found that no matter how the particle size of the graphite is controlled, its dispersibility in the aluminum-magnesium melting system is poor. The prior art shows that at 700 °C, the contact angle between the aluminum liquid and the graphite is above 90°, and the wettability of the graphite in the aluminum is extremely poor. The applicant believes that this may be the reason for the poor dispersibility of the graphite in the melting system. By further increasing the temperature of the aluminum-magnesium melting system before adding the graphite powder, when it reaches above 1000 °C, the above problems can be effectively solved, and the heat-resistant and wear-resistant performance of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire can be improved.

[0029] Preferably, the order of adding each element is: aluminum ingot, magnesium ingot, zinc powder, Al-Mn master alloy, Al-Cr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy, Al-Sc master alloy, graphite powder.

[0030] Preferably, the diameter of the aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot bar is 9-12 mm, and the diameter of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is 0.1-4 mm.

[0031] Preferably, in step (1), the temperature for heating to melting is 670-750 °C, the stirring speed is 450-500 r / min, and the stirring time is 0.5-1 h.

[0032] Preferably, in step (2), the specific steps of the drawing and heat treatment are: sequentially performing first drawing - first heat treatment - second drawing - second heat treatment on the aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot bar.

[0033] Preferably, during the first drawing, the end cross-section compression ratio of the aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot bar is 30-40%; during the second drawing, the end cross-section compression ratio of the aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot bar is 20-30%.

[0034] Preferably, the temperature of the first heat treatment is 330 - 360°C, and the time is 1 - 1.5 h; the temperature of the second heat treatment is 320 - 350°C, and the time is 1 - 1.5 h.

[0035] Preferably, the aluminum - magnesium alloy wire obtained in step (2) also undergoes post - treatment. The specific steps are as follows: First, use sandpaper to polish the surface of the aluminum - magnesium alloy wire to remove the oxide layer, and then use acetone or alcohol to remove the grease on the surface to obtain the finished aluminum - magnesium alloy wire.

[0036] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0037] By adding Sc and C elements to the aluminum - magnesium alloy system, while ensuring that the aluminum - magnesium alloy has high wear resistance, it also has relatively high strength; among them, the C element can significantly improve the high - temperature wear - resistant performance of the aluminum - magnesium alloy, and the addition of Sc can improve the defect of the alloy strength decline caused by the addition of the C element.

[0038] The present application introduces the C element into the alloy by using graphite powder, controls the particle size of the graphite powder to be 160 - 180 μm, and raises the temperature of the system to above 1000°C before adding the graphite powder to the molten aluminum - magnesium system, thereby significantly improving the wettability and dispersibility of the graphite powder in the alloy, and ensuring that the aluminum - magnesium alloy wire has high high - temperature resistance and mechanical properties. Specific Embodiments

[0039] The following further elaborates the present application in conjunction with embodiments.

[0040] During the preparation process of the aluminum - magnesium alloy wire of the present application, the heating equipment used is a LY1400 pit - type resistance furnace, and the stirring equipment is a Ti6Al4V mechanical stirring paddle.

[0041] Example 1 Preparation of a high - temperature wear - resistant aluminum - magnesium alloy wire:

[0042] (1) Under argon protection, preheat an alumina crucible to 250°C, add aluminum ingots and heat up to 700°C to melt the aluminum ingots to obtain aluminum liquid. Then, successively add zinc powder, Al - Mn master alloy, Al - Cr master alloy, Al - Ti master alloy, and Al - Sc master alloy. After melting, stir at a speed of 450 r / min for 0.5 h, then heat up to 1000°C, add graphite powder with a particle size of 160 μm, continue to stir for 0.5 h, put in hexafluoroethane for degassing, skimming, and keep it static and heat - insulated for 5 min, and then pour it into a pre - heated steel mold. After cooling, an aluminum - magnesium alloy ingot with a diameter of 10 mm is obtained.

[0043] (2) The aluminum-magnesium alloy casting rod is subjected to the first drawing with an end cross-section compression ratio of 30 - 40%, heat-treated at 350 °C for 1 h; then subjected to the second drawing with an end cross-section compression ratio of 20 - 30%, heat-treated at 330 °C for 1 h to obtain an aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire with a diameter of 3 mm.

[0044] The mass percentage content of each element in the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire prepared in this example is shown in Table 1.

[0045] Example 2 - 3 Preparation of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire:

[0046] The difference from Example 1 is that the addition amount of raw materials is changed, and the mass percentage content of each element in the finally obtained aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is shown in Table 1, and the others are the same as in Example 1.

[0047] Table 1 Composition of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire in Examples 1 - 3

[0048]

[0049] Example 4 Preparation of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire:

[0050] The difference from Example 1 is that graphite powder with a particle size of 180 μm is added, and the others are the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Example 5 Preparation of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire:

[0052] The difference from Example 1 is that graphite powder with a particle size of 200 μm is added, and the others are the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Example 6 Preparation of high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire:

[0054] (1) Under argon protection, preheat the alumina crucible to 250 °C, add aluminum ingots and heat up to 730 °C to melt the aluminum ingots to obtain aluminum liquid. Sequentially add zinc powder, Al-Mn master alloy, Al-Cr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy, and Al-Sc master alloy. After melting, stir at a speed of 480 r / min for 0.5 h, then heat up to 1000 °C, add graphite powder with a particle size of 160 μm, continue to stir for 0.5 h, put in hexafluoroethane for degassing, slag skimming, keep static and heat-insulated for 5 min, and then pour into a preheated steel mold, and cool to obtain an aluminum-magnesium alloy casting rod with a diameter of 10 mm;

[0055] (2) The aluminum-magnesium alloy casting rod is subjected to the first drawing with an end cross-section compression ratio of 30 - 40%, heat-treated at 340 °C for 1 h; then subjected to the second drawing with an end cross-section compression ratio of 20 - 30%, heat-treated at 320 °C for 1 h to obtain an aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire with a diameter of 3 mm.

[0056] The mass percentage content of each element in the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire prepared in this example is the same as that in Example 1.

[0057] Preparation of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire of Comparative Example 1:

[0058] The preparation process is the same as that of Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that no graphite powder and Al-Sc master alloy are added in Comparative Example 1. The mass percentage content of the obtained aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is shown in Table 1.

[0059] Preparation of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire of Comparative Example 2:

[0060] The preparation process is the same as that of Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that no graphite powder is added in Comparative Example 1. The mass percentage content of the obtained aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is shown in Table 1.

[0061] Preparation of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire of Comparative Example 3:

[0062] The preparation process is the same as that of Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that no Al-Sc master alloy is added in Comparative Example 1. The mass percentage content of the obtained aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is shown in Table 1.

[0063] Comparative Example 4

[0064] (1) Under argon protection, preheat the alumina crucible to 250 °C, add aluminum ingots and heat up to 700 °C to melt the aluminum ingots to obtain aluminum liquid. Then add zinc powder, Al-Mn master alloy, Al-Cr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy, and Al-Sc master alloy in sequence. After melting, stir at a speed of 450 r / min for 0.5 h, then heat up to 1000 °C, add chromium carbide, continue to stir for 0.5 h, put in hexafluoroethane for degassing, slag skimming, keep standing and heat insulating for 5 min, and then pour into a preheated steel mold to cool to obtain an aluminum-magnesium alloy casting rod with a diameter of 10 mm;

[0065] (2) Perform the first drawing on the aluminum-magnesium alloy casting rod, with the end cross-section compression ratio of 30-40%, and heat-treat at 350 °C for 1 h; then perform the second drawing, with the end cross-section compression ratio of 20-30%, and heat-treat at 330 °C for 1 h to obtain an aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire with a diameter of 3 mm.

[0066] The mass content of each element in the finally obtained aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is the same as that in Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that in Comparative Example 4, the C element is introduced by adding chromium carbide.

[0067] Comparative Example 5

[0068] The mass content of each element in the finally obtained aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire is the same as that in Example 1. The difference from Example 1 is that before adding graphite powder, the temperature of the molten system is controlled at 950 °C.

[0069] Performance test:

[0070] Sand the surface of the welding wires prepared in each example and comparative example with sandpaper to remove the oxide layer, then wash away the grease with acetone, perform welding, and test the obtained weld layers. The test results are shown in Table 2 below.

[0071] Welding parameters: Use a Tangshan Panasonic YC-500WX AC standard TIG welding machine and a Panasonic TA-1400 robot arm. The welding current is 200 A, the welding voltage is 25 V, the welding speed is 2.5 mm / s, the argon gas flow rate is 15 L / min, the groove angle is 0°, the root face is 0.5 - 1.0 mm, the thickness is 10 mm, and the welding substrate is Q235 steel plate.

[0072] Hardness test: Use an HR-150A Rockwell hardness tester with a load of 150 Kg. Take 5 hardness points for each test sample and calculate the average value.

[0073] Wear resistance test: Conduct a dry abrasive wear test according to ASTM G65A. Use an ABT-3 type abrasive wear testing machine, and the particle size of the quartz sand is 40 - 70 mesh.

[0074] Table 2 Test results

[0075]

[0076] For the welding wires prepared in Examples 1 - 6, the joint forming after welding is in good condition, with high width consistency. The reinforcement surface is in a fish-scale shape, and there are no cracks or pores on the surface. It can be seen from the test results in Table 2 that the weld layer has a higher hardness, a smaller wear amount, and the test data of each example are distributed narrowly, with high repeatability.

[0077] Compared with Example 1, in Comparative Example 1, C and Sc elements are not added, and the wear resistance of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire decreases, while the hardness remains basically unchanged; in Comparative Example 2, C element is not added and Sc element is added, and the wear resistance of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire decreases by a relatively large margin, while the hardness increases slightly; in Comparative Example 3, C element is added and Sc element is not added, and the wear resistance of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire remains basically unchanged, while the hardness decreases significantly. It can be seen from the test results of Comparative Examples 1 - 3 that the introduction of C element can improve the wear resistance of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, but it will have a negative impact on the hardness of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, while the introduction of rare earth element Sc can make up for this defect.

[0078] Compared with Example 1, in Comparative Example 4, the addition method of C element was changed, and C element was introduced in the form of chromium carbide. It can be seen that the hardness of the weld layer obtained in Comparative Example 4 decreased slightly, while the wear resistance decreased significantly; compared with Example 1, in Comparative Example 5, the temperature of the molten alloy system was controlled at 950 °C before adding graphite powder, and the hardness and wear resistance of the obtained weld layer both decreased significantly; it shows that the method of introducing C element by adding graphite powder in this application, combined with the process of raising the temperature of the molten alloy system to 1000 °C before adding, can obtain an aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire with high hardness and high wear resistance.

[0079] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this application, and the protection scope of this application is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the idea of this application belong to the protection scope of this application. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of this application, several improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, characterized in that, By mass percentage, it consists of the following raw material components: Mg 4 - 6%, Cr 0.2 - 0.35%, Ti 0.1 - 0.2%, Mn 0.05 - 0.2%, Zn 0.02 - 0.05%, C 0.1 - 0.3%, Sc 0.05 - 0.15%, and the rest is Al and unavoidable impurities, where the impurities ≤ 0.03%; during the preparation of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire, the C is added in the form of graphite powder, the particle size of the graphite powder is 160 - 200 μm, and before the addition of the graphite powder, the temperature of the molten system is controlled above 1000 °C.

2. The high-temperature and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire according to claim 1, wherein During the preparation of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire: the Mn is added in the form of Al-Mn master alloy, and the mass content of the Mn is 6 - 8%.

3. The heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the preparation of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire: the Cr is added in the form of Al-Cr master alloy, and the mass content of the Cr is 6 - 8%.

4. The high-temperature and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the preparation of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire: the Ti is added in the form of Al-Ti master alloy, and the mass content of the Ti is 14 - 16%.

5. The heat-resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the preparation of the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire: the Sc is added in the form of Al-Sc master alloy, and the mass content of the Sc is 8 - 12%.

6. The preparation process of the high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: (1) After heating the aluminum ingot to melt, add each element in sequence. After stirring evenly, degas, heat up and skim the slag, and pour to obtain an aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot bar. (2) Carry out drawing and heat treatment on the aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot bar to obtain the aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire. Among them, the C element is added to the molten system in the form of graphite powder, and before the addition of the graphite powder, the temperature of the molten system is controlled above 1000 °C.

7. The preparation process of the high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire according to claim 6, characterized in that, The addition sequence of each element is: aluminum ingot, magnesium ingot, zinc powder, Al-Mn master alloy, Al-Cr master alloy, Al-Ti master alloy, Al-Sc master alloy, graphite powder.

8. The preparation process of the high-temperature resistant and wear-resistant aluminum-magnesium alloy welding wire according to claim 6, characterized in that, In step (1), the temperature for heating and melting is 670 - 750 °C, the stirring speed is 450 - 500 r / min, and the stirring time is 0.5 - 1 h. In step (2), the specific steps of drawing and heat treatment are: carry out first drawing - first heat treatment - second drawing - second heat treatment on the aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot bar in sequence. During the first drawing, the end cross-section compression ratio of the aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot bar is 30 - 40%; during the second drawing, the end cross-section compression ratio of the aluminum-magnesium alloy ingot bar is 20 - 30%. The temperature of the first heat treatment is 330 - 360 °C, and the time is 1 - 1.5 h; the temperature of the second heat treatment is 320 - 350 °C, and the time is 1 - 1.5 h.

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