Mobile energy comprehensive utilization system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a mobile energy comprehensive utilization system and a control method thereof. The system comprises a solar energy utilization mechanism, an expansion work recovery mechanism, a thermoelectric power generation module, a battery, a semiconductor refrigeration module and an air duct. The solar energy utilization mechanism comprises a photovoltaic photo-thermal plate, a positive displacement type pump and a throttling valve and is connected with the hot end of the temperature difference power generation module. The expansion work recovery mechanism comprises a low-temperature fuel storage tank, a throttling valve, an ejector and an evaporator and is connected with the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module. The thermoelectric power generation module and the photovoltaic photo-thermal plate are directly connected with the battery to supply power to the battery, and the battery is additionally connected with the semiconductor refrigeration module to supply power to the semiconductor refrigeration module. The evaporator and the semiconductor refrigeration module are jointly placed in the air duct. The temperature difference power generation module supplies power to the battery through the expansion work recovery effect of the ejector and the photovoltaic photo-thermal plate, the semiconductor refrigeration module is supplied with power through the part of electric energy, energy recovery of the whole system is achieved, the temperature is further reduced through the combined action of the system and the evaporator, and precise temperature and humidity control is achieved. Therefore, the purposes of energy recycling and cooling are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of energy recovery, and in particular to a mobile comprehensive energy utilization system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Currently, mobile systems represented by the automotive industry have problems such as low temperature control efficiency, high power consumption, and affected cruising range. In particular, temperature regulation of cabins such as the cab requires a large amount of electricity and has very low efficiency. Most of the energy is dissipated and discharged during the work and heat exchange process.

[0003] Photovoltaic thermal panels are power generation devices that generate direct current when exposed to sunlight. They are almost entirely composed of thin solid photovoltaic cells made of semiconductor materials (such as silicon). Photovoltaic power generation is a technology that uses the photovoltaic effect generated at the semiconductor interface to directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. Photovoltaic power generation technology has the advantages of convenient energy conversion, mature technology, intuitiveness, and high efficiency, and is widely used in various fields.

[0004] Semiconductor refrigeration has the characteristics of small size, simple structure and stable operation, but it has not been widely used due to its low refrigeration efficiency and small refrigeration capacity. By combining evaporative cooling technology with semiconductor refrigeration technology, the stability of evaporative cooling technology can be improved, and the refrigeration efficiency of semiconductor refrigeration technology can also be improved. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention provides a mobile comprehensive energy utilization system and a control method thereof, which can recover part of the energy lost in the form of exhaust or cooling during the use of the engine and convert it into useful work, and in the process of converting it into useful work, achieve the effect of cooling the system and complete precise temperature control to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A mobile energy comprehensive utilization system includes an energy recovery and reuse mechanism, a temperature difference power generation module, a battery 209, a semiconductor refrigeration module, an air duct 301, a temperature detection device and a control module 405; the energy recovery and reuse mechanism includes a solar energy utilization mechanism and an expansion work recovery mechanism, and the two are coupled through the temperature difference power generation module to form an integrated energy recovery and reuse mechanism; wherein the solar energy utilization mechanism includes a photovoltaic thermal panel 204, one end of the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 is connected to the hot end 203 of the temperature difference power generation module, and the other end of the hot end 203 of the temperature difference power generation module is connected to the inlet of the throttle valve 207; the outlet of the throttle valve 207 is connected to the inlet of the positive displacement pump 206; the outlet of the positive displacement pump 206 is connected to the other end of the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 to form a loop; the expansion work recovery mechanism includes a low-temperature fuel storage tank 101, a first throttle valve 102, a heat exchanger 103, a special diverter valve 104, a second throttle valve 105, an evaporator 106, The first ejector 107, the second ejector 108, the cold end outlet 109 of the temperature difference power generation module, the pump 110 and the engine 111; the outlet of the low-temperature fuel storage tank 101 is respectively connected to the inlet of the first throttle valve 102 and the inlet of the special diverter valve 104; the outlet of the first throttle valve 102 is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger 103; the outlet of the heat exchanger 103 is connected to the inlet of the first ejector 107; the outlet of the first ejector 107 is connected to the inlet of the second ejector 108; the outlet of the second ejector 108 is connected to the cold end 201 of the temperature difference power generation module; the cold end outlet 109 of the temperature difference power generation module is connected to the inlet of the pump 110; the outlet of the pump 110 is connected to the engine 111; the heat exchanger 103 is arranged below the engine 111; the outlet of the special diverter valve 104 is respectively connected to the inlet of the second throttle valve 105 and the inlet of the second ejector 108; the outlet of the second throttle valve 105 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 106; the outlet of the evaporator 106 is connected to the inlet of the ejector 104;

[0008] The semiconductor refrigeration module comprises a semiconductor refrigeration module chip 303, a semiconductor refrigeration module hot end 302 and a semiconductor refrigeration module cold end 304, wherein the semiconductor refrigeration module hot end 302 and the semiconductor refrigeration module cold end 304 are respectively located at the hot end and the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration module chip 303;

[0009] The battery 209 is directly connected to the temperature difference power generation module chip 202, the photovoltaic thermal panel 204, the positive displacement pump 206, and the hot end 302 of the semiconductor refrigeration module; the temperature difference power generation chip 202 generates electricity and supplies it to the battery 209 by using the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends formed by the ejector and the photovoltaic thermal panel 204; the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 generates photovoltaic electricity and supplies it to the battery 209; the battery 209 supplies power to the hot end 302 of the semiconductor refrigeration module to realize semiconductor refrigeration, and the switching of the hot and cold ends is realized by changing the direction of the current passed into the semiconductor refrigeration module chip 303;

[0010] The air duct 301 forms a long and narrow space, and the evaporator 106, the semiconductor refrigeration chip 303, the semiconductor refrigeration module cold end 304 and the fan 305 are placed together in the air duct 301 to form a composite refrigeration system;

[0011] A first temperature sensor 401 is provided at the outlet of the heat exchanger 103; a second temperature sensor 403 is provided at the inlet of the special diverter valve 104; a third temperature sensor 402 is provided at the inlet of the cold end 201 of the thermoelectric power generation module; a fourth temperature sensor 406 is provided at the inlet of the hot end 203 of the thermoelectric power generation module; a fifth temperature sensor 404 is provided at the fan 305 at the outlet of the air duct 301; the five temperature sensors constitute a temperature detection device and are directly connected to the control module 405;

[0012] The special diverter valve 104 is a three-way valve with a movable metal sheet inside as a flow blocker; the three-way valve is controlled by a controller 1044, which is an integrated module integrating a temperature sensor and a motor. After receiving the temperature difference signal, the controller 1044 drives the metal sheet inside the three-way valve through the motor to select blocking the left flow path, the right flow path or not to perform the flow blockage operation; when the left flow path is blocked, the low-temperature fuel flows through the second injector 108 and the first injector 107 to meet the small flow demand; when the right flow path is blocked, the low-temperature fuel flows through the second throttle valve 105, the evaporator 106, and the first injector 107 to meet the medium flow demand; when the left and right flow paths are not blocked, part of the low-temperature fuel flows through the second injector 108 and the first injector 107, and part of the fuel flows through the second throttle valve 105, the evaporator 106, and the first injector 107 to meet the large flow demand.

[0013] Preferably, the temperature difference power generation module chip 202 is a single-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip, a double-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip or a multi-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip;

[0014] The cold end 201 of the temperature difference power generation module is connected to the cold end radiator through a flexible heat conductive material; the hot end 203 of the temperature difference power generation module is connected to the hot end radiator through a flexible heat conductive material.

[0015] Preferably, the semiconductor refrigeration module chip 303 is a single-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip, a double-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip or a multi-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip;

[0016] The cold end 304 of the semiconductor refrigeration module is connected to the cold end radiator through a flexible heat conductive material; the hot end 302 of the semiconductor refrigeration module is connected to the hot end radiator through a flexible heat conductive material.

[0017] Preferably, the flexible thermally conductive material is any one of thermally conductive silicone grease, thermally conductive pads, thermally conductive rubber and metal film. These flexible thermally conductive materials have good thermal conductivity, can effectively dissipate heat, prevent semiconductor materials from overheating, and ensure the safety and reliability of the overall equipment. At the same time, these flexible thermally conductive materials have good flexibility, can adapt to the compact and complex spatial structure of the equipment, and can meet the heat dissipation requirements under complex spatial structures. These materials also have light weight and good environmental stability, and can better meet the needs of the semiconductor refrigeration module.

[0018] Preferably, the fuel stored in the cryogenic fuel storage tank 101 is liquid hydrogen, liquefied natural gas, liquid ethane, liquid propane or cryogenic methanol. Compared with traditional fuels, these cryogenic fuels have the advantages of high specific impulse, high energy conversion rate, low storage pressure, high stability, etc. Most prominently, these cryogenic fuels are abundant in source and can be green and low-carbon. At the same time, they can maintain low-temperature combustion through low-temperature combustion strategies such as reducing the maximum pressure and temperature of the combustion chamber, reduce nitrogen oxides and smoke emissions, and improve thermal efficiency and engine performance.

[0019] Preferably, the engine 111 is a piston internal combustion engine, a gas turbine or a rotary engine. These engines can be used for a variety of low-temperature fuels and have the advantages of compact structure, high efficiency, light weight, etc. At the same time, they have a fast startup speed and can achieve high load operation in a short time. In addition, they are easy to operate and maintain, run smoothly, and have high reliability, which can meet the use requirements of the mobile energy comprehensive utilization system.

[0020] The control method of the mobile energy comprehensive utilization system measures the temperature T1 of the low-temperature fuel in the heat exchanger 103 through the first temperature sensor 401; measures the temperature T2 before the special diverter valve through the second temperature sensor 403; measures the cold end temperature T of the temperature difference power generation module through the third temperature sensor 402 3； The control module 405 receives the temperature feedback signals from each temperature sensor and performs feedback control on the opening of the special diverter valve 104 in the loop through the motor in the controller 1044; measures the hot end temperature T4 of the temperature difference power generation module through the fourth temperature sensor 406; measures the temperature T5 in the air duct through the fifth temperature sensor 404; the control module 405 controls the magnitude and direction of the current input to the semiconductor refrigeration module according to the temperature feedback signals from the fourth temperature sensor and the fifth temperature sensor.

[0021] The control method of the mobile energy comprehensive utilization system is as follows: when the solar radiation is strong and the system is operated in the refrigeration mode: the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 operates normally, the fourth temperature sensor 406 measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high, and the third temperature sensor 402 measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low; when the temperature T4 is detected to be higher than the set value T sAnd the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is higher than the set value ΔT s1 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is reduced, the amount of low-temperature fuel is reduced, so that the temperature T3 of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power supply to the battery 209 is reduced, and the refrigeration capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module is reduced, so as to meet the working requirements of the refrigeration mode;

[0022] When the solar radiation is strong and the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 works normally, the fourth temperature sensor 406 measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high, and the third temperature sensor 402 measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high; when the temperature T4 is higher than the set value T s And the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is higher than the set value ΔT s2 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is increased, the amount of low-temperature fuel increases, so that the temperature T3 of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module increases, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module increases, the power supply to the battery 209 increases, and the refrigeration capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module increases, so that it meets the working requirements of the freezing mode;

[0023] When the solar radiation is weak and the refrigeration mode is used, the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 cannot work normally, the fourth temperature sensor 406 measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low, and the third temperature sensor 402 measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low; when the temperature T4 is detected to be lower than the set value T s And the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is higher than the set value ΔT s3 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is reduced, the amount of low-temperature fuel is reduced, so that the temperature T3 of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power supply to the battery 209 is reduced, and the refrigeration capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module is reduced, so as to meet the working requirements of the refrigeration mode;

[0024] When the solar radiation is weak and the module is operated in the freezing mode, the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 cannot work normally, the fourth temperature sensor 406 measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low, and the third temperature sensor 402 measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high; when the temperature T4 is detected to be lower than the set value T s And the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is lower than the set value ΔT s4 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is increased, the amount of low-temperature fuel is increased, the cold end temperature T3 of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the power supply to the battery 209 is increased, and the cooling capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module is increased, so as to meet the working requirements of the freezing mode.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the mobile energy comprehensive utilization system of the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] By coupling the expansion work recovery mechanism and the solar energy utilization mechanism to recover energy, different working strategies make them work alone or in coupling, which reduces the difference in properties of the battery cells under different temperatures and improves the temperature uniformity of the battery. Due to the application of semiconductor refrigeration technology, the present invention has the characteristics of energy saving and environmental protection as well as high efficiency and speed. The control module of the present invention controls the current size and direction of the semiconductor refrigeration module according to the temperature feedback signals of the fourth temperature sensor and the fifth temperature sensor. The control method is used to achieve precise temperature control in different zones, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient and stable operation in all seasons and all working conditions. Heat dissipation and heating treatment can only be carried out after the temperature difference reaches the set value, which ensures the temperature uniformity of the battery module and reduces the risk of temperature gradient. The present invention combines autonomous judgment with feedback regulation to make temperature control more convenient, avoid difficulty in heating / heat dissipation during long-term operation, achieve precise temperature control and save system costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a mobile energy comprehensive utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the control structure of a mobile energy comprehensive utilization system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a control logic diagram of the control device of an embodiment of the present invention when the solar radiation is strong and the device is in a refrigeration mode;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a control logic diagram of the control device of an embodiment of the present invention when the solar radiation is strong and the device is in a freezing mode;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a control logic diagram of the control device of an embodiment of the present invention when the solar radiation is weak and the device is in a refrigeration mode;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a control logic diagram of the control device of an embodiment of the present invention when the solar radiation is weak and the device is in a freezing mode;

[0033] In the attached figure: 101-cryogenic fuel storage tank; 102-first throttle valve; 103-heat exchanger; 104-special diverter valve; 105-second throttle valve; 106-evaporator; 107-first ejector; 108-second ejector; 109-cold end outlet of thermoelectric power generation module; 110-pump; 111-engine; 201-cold end of thermoelectric power generation module; 202-chip of thermoelectric power generation module; 203-hot end of thermoelectric power generation module; 204-photovoltaic thermal panel; 205-first pipeline; 206-positive displacement pump; 207-third throttle valve; 208-second pipeline; 209-battery; 301-air duct; 302-hot end of semiconductor refrigeration module; 303-chip of semiconductor refrigeration module; 304-cold end of semiconductor refrigeration module; 305-fan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation mode of the present invention or the technical solution in the prior art, the relevant drawings will be further described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0035] The embodiment of the present invention proposes a mobile energy comprehensive utilization system and a control method thereof, which introduces an ejector to recycle and reuse expansion work; uses photovoltaic thermal panels to generate solar power, and uses solar energy received during the movement of the system to generate electricity; introduces a semiconductor refrigeration module to assist in cooling the system cabin, and the hot and cold ends can perform active thermal management of the system cabin by changing the magnitude and direction of the current to achieve precise temperature control; a heat pipe with fins is embedded outside the temperature difference power generation module chip through flexible thermal conductive materials, thereby enhancing the heat exchange of the temperature difference power generation module chip and helping to enhance its heat dissipation or heating; the cold and hot environment formed by the refrigeration pipeline and solar energy is utilized through the temperature difference power generation module, and electrical energy is generated by thermoelectric power generation and stored in the battery, thereby achieving energy recycling.

[0036] The present invention discloses a mobile energy comprehensive utilization system, comprising an energy recovery and reuse mechanism, a temperature difference power generation module, a battery 209, a semiconductor refrigeration module, an air duct 301, a temperature detection device and a control module 405; the energy recovery and reuse mechanism comprises a solar energy utilization mechanism and an expansion work recovery mechanism, and the two are coupled to form an integrated energy recovery and reuse mechanism through the temperature difference power generation module; wherein the expansion work recovery mechanism comprises a low-temperature fuel storage tank 101, and a first throttle valve 102, a special diverter valve 104, an evaporator 106, a heat exchanger 103, a first ejector 107 and a second ejector 108, a cold end outlet 109 of the temperature difference power generation module, a pump 110 and an engine 111 are sequentially distributed on the gas transmission pipeline; the outlet of the low-temperature fuel storage tank 101 is respectively connected to the first throttle valve 102, a special diverter valve 104, an evaporator 106, a heat exchanger 103, a first ejector 107 and a second ejector 108, a cold end outlet 109 of the temperature difference power generation module, a pump 110 and an engine 111; The inlet of a throttle valve 102 is connected to the inlet of a special diverter valve 104; the outlet of the first throttle valve 102 is connected to the inlet of a heat exchanger 103; the outlet of the heat exchanger 103 is connected to the inlet of a first ejector 107; the outlet of the first ejector 107 is connected to the inlet of a second ejector 108; the outlet of the second ejector 108 is connected to the cold end 201 of a thermoelectric power generation module; the cold end outlet 109 of the thermoelectric power generation module is connected to the inlet of a pump 110; the outlet of the pump 110 is connected to an engine 111; the heat exchanger 103 is arranged below the engine 111; the outlet of the special diverter valve 104 is respectively connected to the inlet of a second throttle valve 105 and the inlet of a second ejector 108; the outlet of the second throttle valve 105 is connected to the inlet of an evaporator 106; the outlet of the evaporator 106 is connected to the inlet of the ejector 104.

[0037] After the cryogenic fuel flows out of the cryogenic fuel storage tank 101, it is divided into two streams of fluids, a high-pressure fuel flow and a low-pressure fuel flow. The high-pressure fuel flow enters the heat exchanger 103 after being throttled by the first throttle valve 102, and the low-pressure fuel flow is diverted after passing through a special diverter valve 104. Part of the low-pressure fuel flow enters the evaporator 106 after being throttled by the second throttle valve 105, and part of the low-pressure fuel flow directly enters the second injector 108. After that, the high-pressure fuel flow and the low-pressure fuel flow meet in the first injector 107, and the high-pressure fuel flow induced the low-pressure fuel flow to form a medium-pressure fuel flow and enter the second injector 108. After the fluid exits the second injector 108, it enters the engine 111 through the cold end 201 of the temperature difference power generation module and the pump 110 to form a loop.

[0038] The solar energy utilization mechanism includes a photovoltaic thermal panel 204, one end of the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 is connected to the hot end 203 of the temperature difference power generation module, and then connected to the positive displacement pump 206 and the other end of the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 through a throttle valve 207 to form a loop.

[0039] The temperature difference power generation module chip 202 uses the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends formed by the ejector and the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 to generate electricity and supply the battery 209; at the same time, the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 is directly connected to the battery 209 to generate photovoltaic electricity and supply the battery 209. The battery 209 is also connected to the hot end 302 of the semiconductor refrigeration module and supplies power to it, realizing semiconductor refrigeration, further enhancing the refrigeration effect and realizing precise temperature and humidity control.

[0040] The semiconductor refrigeration module comprises a semiconductor refrigeration module chip 303, a semiconductor refrigeration module hot end 302 and a semiconductor refrigeration module cold end 304, wherein the semiconductor refrigeration module hot end 302 and the semiconductor refrigeration module cold end 304 are respectively located at the hot end and the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration module chip 303;

[0041] The battery 209 is directly connected to the temperature difference power generation module chip 202, the photovoltaic thermal panel 204, the positive displacement pump 206, and the hot end 302 of the semiconductor refrigeration module; the temperature difference power generation chip 202 generates electricity and supplies it to the battery 209 by using the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends formed by the ejector and the photovoltaic thermal panel 204; the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 generates photovoltaic electricity and supplies it to the battery 209; the battery 209 supplies power to the hot end 302 of the semiconductor refrigeration module to realize semiconductor refrigeration, and the switching of the hot and cold ends is realized by changing the direction of the current passed into the semiconductor refrigeration module chip 303;

[0042] The air duct 301 forms a long and narrow space, and the evaporator 106, the semiconductor refrigeration chip 303, the semiconductor refrigeration module cold end 304 and the fan 305 are placed together in the air duct 301 to form a composite refrigeration system;

[0043] A first temperature sensor 401 is provided at the outlet of the heat exchanger 103; a second temperature sensor 403 is provided at the inlet of the special diverter valve 104; a third temperature sensor 402 is provided at the inlet of the cold end 201 of the thermoelectric power generation module; a fourth temperature sensor 406 is provided at the inlet of the hot end 203 of the thermoelectric power generation module; a fifth temperature sensor 404 is provided at the fan 305 at the outlet of the air duct 301; the five temperature sensors constitute a temperature detection device and are directly connected to the control module 405;

[0044] The special diverter valve 104 is a three-way valve with a movable metal sheet inside as a flow blocker; the three-way valve is controlled by a controller 1044, which is an integrated module integrating a temperature sensor and a motor. After receiving the temperature difference signal, the controller 1044 drives the metal sheet inside the three-way valve through the motor to select blocking the left flow path, the right flow path or not to perform the flow blockage operation; when the left flow path is blocked, the low-temperature fuel flows through the second injector 108 and the first injector 107 to meet the small flow demand; when the right flow path is blocked, the low-temperature fuel flows through the second throttle valve 105, the evaporator 106, and the first injector 107 to meet the medium flow demand; when the left and right flow paths are not blocked, part of the low-temperature fuel flows through the second injector 108 and the first injector 107, and part of the fuel flows through the second throttle valve 105, the evaporator 106, and the first injector 107 to meet the large flow demand.

[0045] The control method of the mobile energy comprehensive utilization system of the present invention measures the temperature T1 of the low-temperature fuel in the heat exchanger 103 by the first temperature sensor 401; measures the temperature T2 before the special diverter valve by the second temperature sensor 403; measures the cold end temperature T of the temperature difference power generation module by the third temperature sensor 402 3； The control module 405 receives the temperature feedback signals from each temperature sensor and performs feedback control on the opening of the special diverter valve 104 in the loop through the motor in the controller 1044; measures the hot end temperature T4 of the temperature difference power generation module through the fourth temperature sensor 406; measures the temperature T5 in the air duct through the fifth temperature sensor 404; the control module 405 controls the magnitude and direction of the current input to the semiconductor refrigeration module according to the temperature feedback signals from the fourth temperature sensor and the fifth temperature sensor.

[0046] According to the working conditions of the photovoltaic thermal panels and the requirements of the cabin cooling mode, it is divided into four modules for control. The specific implementation methods are as follows:

[0047] When the solar radiation is strong and the refrigeration mode is used, the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 works normally, the fourth temperature sensor 406 measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high, and the third temperature sensor 402 measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low. s And the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is higher than the set value ΔT s1 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is reduced, the amount of low-temperature fuel is reduced, so that the temperature T3 of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power supply to the battery 209 is reduced, and the refrigeration capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module is reduced, so as to meet the working requirements of the refrigeration mode;

[0048] When the solar radiation is strong and the module is in the freezing mode, the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 works normally, the fourth temperature sensor 406 measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high, and the third temperature sensor 402 measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high. s And the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is higher than the set value ΔT s2 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is increased, the amount of low-temperature fuel increases, so that the temperature T3 of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module increases, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module increases, the power supply to the battery 209 increases, and the refrigeration capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module increases, so that it meets the working requirements of the freezing mode;

[0049] When the solar radiation is weak and the module is operated in the cold storage mode, the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 cannot work normally, the fourth temperature sensor 406 measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low, and the third temperature sensor 402 measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low. s And the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is higher than the set value ΔT s3 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is reduced, the amount of low-temperature fuel is reduced, so that the temperature T3 of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power supply to the battery 209 is reduced, and the refrigeration capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module is reduced, so as to meet the working requirements of the refrigeration mode;

[0050] When the solar radiation is weak and the module is in freezing mode, the photovoltaic thermal panel 204 cannot work normally, the fourth temperature sensor 406 measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low, and the third temperature sensor 402 measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high. s And the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is lower than the set value ΔT s4 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is increased, the amount of low-temperature fuel is increased, the cold end temperature T3 of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the power supply to the battery 209 is increased, and the cooling capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module is increased, so as to meet the working requirements of the freezing mode.

[0051] The mobile comprehensive energy utilization system and control method proposed in the present invention realize energy conversion and recovery by recovering expansion work through the ejector and absorbing solar energy for power generation through the photovoltaic thermal panel; realize zoned precise temperature control through different control methods, and achieve efficient and stable operation in all seasons and all working conditions; dissipate heat or heat treatment when temperature difference occurs, ensuring the temperature uniformity of the battery module; adopt autonomous judgment combined with feedback adjustment, making temperature control more convenient, avoiding difficulty in heating or heat dissipation during long-term operation, and saving costs while accurately controlling temperature.

[0052] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to impose any limitation on the technical solution of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that, without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention, the present technical solution can also be subjected to several simple modifications and substitutions, and these modifications and substitutions also fall within the scope of protection covered by the claims.

Claims

1. A mobile energy comprehensive utilization system, comprising an energy recovery and reuse mechanism, a temperature difference power generation module, a battery (209), a semiconductor refrigeration module, an air duct (301), a temperature detection device and a control module (405); characterized in that: The energy recovery and reuse mechanism comprises a solar energy utilization mechanism and an expansion work recovery mechanism, and the two are coupled through a temperature difference power generation module to form an integrated energy recovery and reuse mechanism; wherein the solar energy utilization mechanism comprises a photovoltaic thermal panel (204), one end of the photovoltaic thermal panel (204) is connected to a hot end (203) of the temperature difference power generation module, and the other end of the hot end (203) of the temperature difference power generation module is connected to an inlet of a throttle valve (207); an outlet of the throttle valve (207) is connected to an inlet of a positive displacement pump (206); an outlet of the positive displacement pump (206) is connected to the other end of the photovoltaic thermal panel (204) to form a loop; the expansion work recovery mechanism comprises a low-temperature fuel storage tank (101), a first throttle valve (102), a heat exchanger (103), a special diverter valve (104), a second throttle valve (105), an evaporator (106), a first ejector (107), a second ejector (108), a temperature difference The cold end outlet (109), pump (110) and engine (111) of the power generation module; the outlet of the cryogenic fuel storage tank 101 is respectively connected to the inlet of the first throttle valve 102 and the inlet of the special diverter valve 104; the outlet of the first throttle valve 102 is connected to the inlet of the heat exchanger 103; the outlet of the heat exchanger 103 is connected to the inlet of the first ejector 107; the outlet of the first ejector 107 is connected to the inlet of the second ejector 108; the outlet of the second ejector 108 is connected to the cold end 201 of the thermoelectric power generation module; the cold end outlet 109 of the thermoelectric power generation module is connected to the inlet of the pump 110; the outlet of the pump 110 is connected to the engine 111; the heat exchanger 103 is arranged below the engine 111; the outlet of the special diverter valve 104 is respectively connected to the inlet of the second throttle valve 105 and the inlet of the second ejector 108; the outlet of the second throttle valve 105 is connected to the inlet of the evaporator 106; the outlet of the evaporator 106 is connected to the inlet of the ejector 104; The semiconductor refrigeration module comprises a semiconductor refrigeration module chip (303), a semiconductor refrigeration module hot end (302) and a semiconductor refrigeration module cold end (304), wherein the semiconductor refrigeration module hot end (302) and the semiconductor refrigeration module cold end (304) are respectively located at the hot end and the cold end of the semiconductor refrigeration module chip (303); The battery (209) is directly connected to the temperature difference power generation module chip (202), the photovoltaic thermal panel (204), the positive displacement pump (206), and the hot end (302) of the semiconductor refrigeration module; wherein the temperature difference power generation chip (202) generates electricity by using the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends formed by the ejector and the photovoltaic thermal panel (204) and supplies the electricity to the battery (209); at the same time, the photovoltaic thermal panel (204) generates photovoltaic electricity and supplies the electricity to the battery (209); the battery (209) supplies electricity to the hot end (302) of the semiconductor refrigeration module to realize semiconductor refrigeration, and the switching of the hot and cold ends is realized by changing the direction of the current passed into the semiconductor refrigeration module chip (303); The air duct (301) forms a long and narrow space, and the evaporator (106), the semiconductor refrigeration chip (303), the cold end (304) of the semiconductor refrigeration module and the fan (305) are placed in the air duct (301) to form a composite refrigeration system; A first temperature sensor (401) is arranged at the outlet of the heat exchanger (103); a second temperature sensor (403) is arranged at the inlet of the special diverter valve (104); a third temperature sensor (402) is arranged at the inlet of the cold end (201) of the temperature difference power generation module; a fourth temperature sensor (406) is arranged at the inlet of the hot end (203) of the temperature difference power generation module; and a fifth temperature sensor (404) is arranged at the fan (305) at the outlet of the air duct (301); the five temperature sensors constitute a temperature detection device and are directly connected to the control module (405); The special diverter valve (104) is a three-way valve, and a movable metal sheet is arranged inside as a flow blocker; the three-way valve is controlled by a controller (1044), and the controller (1044) is an integrated module integrating a temperature sensor and a motor. After receiving the temperature difference signal, the controller drives the metal sheet inside the three-way valve through the motor to select to block the left flow path, the right flow path, or not to perform the flow path blocking operation; when the left flow path is blocked, the low-temperature fuel flows through the second injector (108) and the first injector (107), meeting the small flow demand; when the right flow path is blocked, the low-temperature fuel flows through the second throttle valve (105), the evaporator (106), and the first injector (107), meeting the medium flow demand; when the left and right flow paths are not blocked, part of the low-temperature fuel flows through the second injector (108) and the first injector (107), and part of the fuel flows through the second throttle valve (105), the evaporator (106), and the first injector (107), meeting the large flow demand.

2. A mobile energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature difference power generation module chip (202) is a single-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip, a double-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip or a multi-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip; The cold end (201) of the temperature difference power generation module is connected to the cold end radiator via a flexible heat conductive material; the hot end (203) of the temperature difference power generation module is connected to the hot end radiator via a flexible heat conductive material.

3. A mobile energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible heat-conducting material is any one of heat-conducting silicone grease, heat-conducting pad, heat-conducting rubber and metal film.

4. A mobile energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The semiconductor refrigeration module chip (303) is a single-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip, a double-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip or a multi-stage semiconductor refrigeration chip; The cold end (304) of the semiconductor refrigeration module is connected to the cold end radiator through a flexible heat conductive material; the hot end (302) of the semiconductor refrigeration module is connected to the hot end radiator through a flexible heat conductive material.

5. A mobile energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flexible heat-conducting material is any one of heat-conducting silicone grease, heat-conducting pad, heat-conducting rubber and metal film.

6. The mobile energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fuel stored in the cryogenic fuel storage tank (101) is liquid hydrogen, liquefied natural gas, liquid ethane, liquid propane or cryogenic methanol.

7. The mobile energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The engine (111) is a piston internal combustion engine, a gas turbine or a rotary engine.

8. The control method of the mobile energy comprehensive utilization system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The temperature T1 of the low-temperature fuel in the heat exchanger (103) is measured by the first temperature sensor (401); the temperature T2 before the special diverter valve is measured by the second temperature sensor (403); and the cold end temperature T2 of the temperature difference power generation module is measured by the third temperature sensor (402). 3； The control module (405) receives the temperature feedback signals from each temperature sensor and performs feedback control on the opening of a special diverter valve (104) in the loop through a motor in the controller (1044); measures the hot end temperature T4 of the temperature difference power generation module through a fourth temperature sensor (406); measures the temperature T5 in the air duct through a fifth temperature sensor (404); and controls the magnitude and direction of the current input to the semiconductor refrigeration module according to the temperature feedback signals from the fourth temperature sensor and the fifth temperature sensor.

9. The control method of the mobile energy comprehensive utilization system according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the solar radiation is strong and the module is operated in the cold storage mode, the photovoltaic thermal panel (204) operates normally, the fourth temperature sensor (406) measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high, and the third temperature sensor (402) measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low; when the temperature T4 is detected to be higher than the set value T s And the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is higher than the set value ΔT s1 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is reduced, the amount of low-temperature fuel is reduced, so that the temperature T3 of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power supply to the battery (209) is reduced, and the refrigeration capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module is reduced, so that it meets the working requirements of the refrigeration mode; When the solar radiation is strong and the module is operated in the freezing mode, the photovoltaic thermal panel (204) operates normally, the fourth temperature sensor (406) measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high, and the third temperature sensor (402) measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high; when the temperature T4 is detected to be higher than the set value T s And the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is higher than the set value ΔT s2 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is increased, the amount of low-temperature fuel increases, so that the temperature T3 of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module increases, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module increases, the power supply to the battery (209) increases, and the refrigeration capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module increases, so that it meets the working requirements of the freezing mode; When the solar radiation is weak and the system is operated in the cold storage mode, the photovoltaic thermal panel (204) cannot work normally, the fourth temperature sensor (406) measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low, and the third temperature sensor (402) measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low; when the temperature T4 is detected to be lower than the set value T s And the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is higher than the set value ΔT s3 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is reduced, the amount of low-temperature fuel is reduced, so that the temperature T3 of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the power supply to the battery (209) is reduced, and the refrigeration capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module is reduced, so that it meets the working requirements of the refrigeration mode; When the solar radiation is weak and the system is operated in freezing mode, the photovoltaic thermal panel (204) cannot work normally, the fourth temperature sensor (406) measures that the temperature T4 at the hot end of the thermoelectric power generation module is low, and the third temperature sensor (402) measures that the temperature T3 at the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is high; when the temperature T4 is detected to be lower than the set value T s And the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends ΔT is lower than the set value ΔT s4 When the opening of the special diverter valve 104 is increased, the amount of low-temperature fuel is increased, the temperature T3 of the cold end of the thermoelectric power generation module is reduced, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the power generation of the thermoelectric power generation module is increased, the power supply to the battery (209) is increased, and the cooling capacity of the semiconductor refrigeration module is increased, so that it meets the working requirements of the freezing mode.

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