Shipborne container hoisting system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of maritime work equipment, and provides a shipborne container hoisting system and method to improve the port operation efficiency and safety. The system comprises a cart track, a cart, a trolley, a lifting appliance, a winch and a winding drum, eight steel wire ropes are connected with the lifting appliance and the winding drum, and accurate lifting of a container is achieved through a complex winding mode and a pulley mechanism. The system adopts a multi-steel-wire-rope design, stability is improved, deflection and shaking are reduced, the fracture risk of a single steel wire rope is reduced, and maintenance cost is reduced. The hoisting method comprises the steps of cart positioning, trolley accurate alignment, sling winding and hoisting preparation, hoisting operation, container placement and the like, and it is ensured that the container is safely and efficiently hoisted to the designated position. The adaptability and flexibility of the hoisting system are improved, the logistics cost is reduced, and the transportation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of marine engineering equipment, and in particular relates to a shipborne container lifting system and method. Background Art

[0002] In modern port operations, the shipborne container lifting system has become an indispensable and important equipment, playing an important role in improving port operation efficiency, reducing costs, ensuring safety, etc. With the development of technology, the shipborne container lifting system is also constantly innovating and improving to meet the growing needs of port operations.

[0003] The shipborne container lifting system refers to a complete set of equipment systems installed on ships for lifting and handling containers. This system usually includes lifting machinery, such as ship cranes or gantry cranes, control systems, slings, used to connect containers, and lifting equipment connecting the lifting machinery and slings, such as wire ropes, pulleys, etc. The shipborne container lifting system achieves fast and accurate lifting and handling of containers by precisely controlling the movement of lifting machinery and slings, shortening loading and unloading time, improving the turnover rate of ports and ships, reducing logistics costs, and improving transportation efficiency.

[0004] Traditional container spreaders are connected to the drum and suspended under the trolley through four steel wire ropes. When the trolley or cart moves, especially in the case of fast movement or sudden start and stop, the container spreader and container may sway or shake due to inertia. Although the four steel wire ropes provide a relatively stable support, they will inevitably cause shaking under harsh conditions such as strong winds, affecting the accuracy and safety of loading and unloading. Especially for containers with uneven mass distribution, the tension on the four steel wire ropes may be different during the lifting process. In the long run, this may cause uneven wear of the steel wire ropes and even cause the risk of steel wire rope breakage. The four steel wire ropes work at the same time, and damage or wear of any one of the steel wire ropes may affect the safety of the entire lifting system. Therefore, the steel wire ropes need to be inspected, maintained and replaced regularly, which increases maintenance costs and downtime.

[0005] In addition, when the winch controls the lifting of the spreader, it is necessary to ensure that the four wire ropes can be retracted and released synchronously to prevent the spreader from tilting or twisting. The control system has high requirements. If the control accuracy of the winch is insufficient or there are errors in the mechanical structure, the wire ropes may be retracted and released asynchronously, thus affecting the stability of the spreader. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the problems existing in the background technology, the present invention provides a shipborne container lifting system, which includes: Cart tracks, laid on the hull; The trolley installed on the trolley track is a gantry structure, which includes a support beam and a top frame; the support beam is connected to the trolley track through rollers; The trolley driving mechanism includes a motor and a reducer, which is used to drive the trolley to move along the trolley track; The trolley has a trolley track on the top frame, the trolley is installed on the trolley track of the trolley and moves laterally through the trolley track; the trolley track is provided with a trolley driving mechanism for driving the trolley to move laterally on the track; A sling is provided with a lifting beam for connecting the container, and a pulley mechanism is provided on the lifting beam, and the pulley mechanism includes a right pulley mechanism, a middle pulley mechanism, a middle pulley mechanism and a left pulley mechanism; A winch and a drum are also installed on the top frame. The drum is connected to the pulley mechanism of the spreader through a wire rope to drive the spreader to rise and fall. The winch is connected to the drum transmission to drive the drum to rotate, wind and release the wire rope, and control the height of the sling; There are eight steel wire ropes connected between the drum and the sling, which are marked as L1, L2...L8. Among them, L1, L2, L3 and L4 are connected to the drum from the left side, and the winding method is winding from the top of the drum; L5, L6, L7 and L8 are connected to the drum from the right side, and the winding method is winding from the bottom of the drum; Among them: The lead-out end of L1 is connected to the lead-out end of L3 via the left pulley mechanism; The lead-out end of L2 is connected to the lead-out end of L5 via the middle two pulley mechanism; The lead-out end of L4 is connected to the lead-out end of L7 via the middle two pulley mechanism; The lead-out end of L6 is connected to the lead-out end of L8 via the right pulley mechanism.

[0007] Furthermore, six fixed pulleys are sequentially arranged on the top frame on the left side of the drum, which are respectively denoted as C1, C2, ..., C6; six fixed pulleys are sequentially arranged on the top frame on the right side of the drum, which are respectively denoted as C7, C8, ..., C12, among which: L1 connects C2 and C1 in sequence; L2 connects to C3; L3 connects C4 and C6 in sequence; L4 connects to C5; L5 connects to C8; L6 connects C9 and C7 in sequence; L7 connects to C10; L8 is connected to C11 and C12 in sequence.

[0008] In the preferred embodiment, C1 is arranged along the plane where the X-axis and the Z-axis are located; C2 is arranged along the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located; C3 is arranged along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; the angle formed by C4 and the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located is α; C5 is arranged along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; C6 is arranged along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; C7 is arranged along the plane where the X-axis and the Z-axis are located; C8 is arranged along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; the angle formed by C9 and the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located is β; C10 is arranged along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; the angle formed by C11 and the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located is γ; C12 is arranged along the plane where the X-axis and the Z-axis are located.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment, 0≤α≤30°, 0≤β≤30°, and 0≤γ≤30°.

[0010] The method of lifting the container on board the ship is carried out in the following steps: S1. The trolley driving mechanism receives the command from the control host and drives the trolley to move along the track so that the trolley track is aligned with the container to be hoisted.

[0011] S2. After the trolley track is aligned with the container, the trolley drive mechanism: according to the control command, the trolley travel device is started to drive the trolley to move left and right along the track. The trolley adjusts its position according to the real-time feedback of the control host to ensure that the spreader can accurately align with the lock hole of the container.

[0012] S3, the sling is wound, the lead-out end of L1 is connected to the lead-out end of L3 via the left pulley mechanism; the lead-out end of L2 is connected to the lead-out end of L5 via the middle pulley mechanism; the lead-out end of L4 is connected to the lead-out end of L7 via the middle pulley mechanism; the lead-out end of L6 is connected to the lead-out end of L8 via the right pulley mechanism; L1 is connected to C2 and C1 in sequence; L2 is connected to C3; L3 is connected to C4 and C6 in sequence; L4 is connected to C5; L5 is connected to C8; L6 is connected to C9 and C7 in sequence; L7 is connected to C10; L8 is connected to C11 and C12 in sequence.

[0013] S4. The winch drives the drum to rotate forward or reverse according to the control command. When the drum rotates forward, it drives the sling to rise, and when the drum rotates reversely, it drives the sling to descend, thereby adjusting the height of the sling.

[0014] S5. The lifting device slowly descends under the control of the control system, and the locking claws of the lifting beam dock with the locking holes of the container and lock them.

[0015] S6. The winch continues to work, lifting the spreader and container to a certain height through the rotation of the drum. With the coordinated work of the trolley and the small car, the container is lifted, lowered and placed at the designated location.

[0016] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are: First: The present invention uses eight steel wire ropes (L1-L8) to connect the sling and the drum, which increases the stability of the lifting system compared to the traditional four steel wire ropes. The multi-wire rope design can effectively reduce the inertial swing and shaking caused by rapid movement or sudden start and stop, and improve the lifting accuracy and safety. By setting the right pulley mechanism, the middle pulley mechanism, the middle pulley mechanism and the left pulley mechanism, as well as the complex winding method, the tension distribution of the steel wire rope is more uniform, reducing the tension difference caused by the uneven distribution of the container mass, and further improving the lifting stability.

[0017] Second: The design of eight steel ropes makes the tension on each steel rope relatively dispersed, reducing the risk of a single steel rope breaking due to excessive tension, improving the safety and reliability of the entire lifting system, and making the tension more evenly distributed. The wear of each steel rope will also be more uniform, reducing the premature damage and replacement frequency of the steel rope due to uneven wear, and reducing maintenance costs and downtime.

[0018] Third: Through the precise coordination of the trolley and the small car, and the real-time feedback adjustment of the control host, the spreader can be accurately aligned with the lock hole of the container, reducing the adjustment and waiting time during the lifting process. The transmission connection between the winch and the drum makes the lifting and lowering operation of the spreader faster and more accurate, improving the lifting efficiency.

[0019] Fourth: The setting of the fixed pulley (C1-C12) takes into account different angles (α, β, γ) to adapt to different lifting requirements and environmental conditions, enhancing the adaptability and flexibility of the lifting system. In harsh conditions such as strong winds, multiple steel wire ropes and complex winding methods can more effectively resist external interference and maintain the stability of the lifting system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the working state of the ship container lifting system of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the drum and the sling; Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A magnified view of the structure at center; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the winding method of the drum and the sling.

[0021] Numbers in the figure: 1. Cart; 11. Support beam; 12. Top frame; 2. Trolley; 3. Cart driving mechanism; 4. Cart track; 5. Drum; 6. Winch; 7. Hoisting device; 71. Lifting beam; 72. Right pulley mechanism; 73. Middle pulley mechanism; 74. Middle pulley mechanism; 75. Left pulley mechanism; 8. Trolley driving mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the present invention. In addition, the forms of the various structures recorded in the following embodiments are merely illustrative, and the present invention is not limited to the various structures recorded in the following embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Reference Figure 1-Figure 5 The shipborne container lifting system includes: a trolley track 4, which is the basic supporting structure of the entire lifting system, laid on the hull, and provides a moving path for the trolley 1.

[0024] The trolley 1 includes a support beam 11 and a top frame 12. The support beam 11 is connected to the trolley track 4 through rollers to achieve movement along the track. As one of the main structures of the lifting system, it is responsible for horizontal movement on the hull to adjust the position of the trolley 2 track. The trolley 1 is connected to the trolley track 4 through rollers to achieve movement along the track. The trolley 2 track is provided on the top frame 12 to provide a lateral movement path for the trolley 2. The motor, reducer and other components are installed on the trolley 1, and the trolley 1 is driven to move along the track through the transmission device.

[0025] The trolley driving mechanism 3 includes components such as a motor and a reducer, and receives instructions from the control host, and drives the trolley 1 to move along the trolley track 4 through the cooperation of the motor and the reducer.

[0026] The trolley driving mechanism 3 is installed on the trolley 1 and connected to the trolley 1 through a transmission device to drive the trolley 1 to move.

[0027] The trolley 2 is mounted on the trolley 2 track of the trolley 1 and moves laterally through the trolley 2 track to achieve accurate positioning of the sling 7 on the horizontal plane. The trolley 2 is mounted on the trolley 2 track of the top frame 12 of the trolley 1 and moves along the track through the trolley driving mechanism 8. The trolley 2 track is provided with a trolley driving mechanism 8, which drives the trolley 2 to move laterally on the track.

[0028] The trolley driving mechanism 8 starts the trolley 2 running device according to the control command, drives the trolley 2 to move left and right along the track, directly drives the trolley 2 to move on the track, receives the control command, and realizes the precise control of the trolley 2.

[0029] The sling 7 includes a lifting beam 71 and a pulley mechanism for connecting the container. The pulley mechanism includes a right pulley mechanism 72, a middle pulley mechanism 73, a middle pulley mechanism 74 and a left pulley mechanism 75. The pulley mechanism and the wire rope are connected to the drum 5 to realize the lifting and transportation of the container. The sling 7 is connected to the eight wire ropes connected to the drum 5 through the pulley mechanism to realize the lifting and lowering of the sling 7. The locking claw on the lifting beam 71 is docked with the lock hole of the container and locked to realize the fixing of the container.

[0030] The hoist 6 is connected to the drum 5, and the hoist 6 drives the drum 5 to rotate, winds and releases the wire rope, thereby controlling the height of the sling 7. The hoist 6 is connected to the drum 5, and drives the drum 5 to rotate. The drum 5 is connected to the pulley mechanism of the sling 7 through eight wire ropes to control the lifting of the sling 7. Receive control instructions and control the rotation direction and speed of the hoist 6 according to the instructions.

[0031] The fixed pulley is installed on the top frame 12, and serves as a fixing and guiding point for the wire rope to change the direction of the wire rope, ensuring that the wire rope can go around according to the predetermined path, thereby achieving precise control of the sling 7. The wire rope is used to connect the drum 5 and the sling 7, and the direction of the wire rope is changed at the same time. There are eight wire ropes connected between the drum 5 and the sling 7, which are respectively marked as L1, L2...L8, among which L1, L2, L3 and L4 are connected to the drum 5 from the left side, and the winding method is to wind from the top of the drum 5; L5, L6, L7 and L8 are connected to the drum 5 from the right side, and the winding method is to wind from the bottom of the drum 5; among which: The lead-out end of L1 is connected to the lead-out end of L3 via the left pulley mechanism 75; the lead-out end of L2 is connected to the lead-out end of L5 via the middle pulley mechanism 74; the lead-out end of L4 is connected to the lead-out end of L7 via the middle pulley mechanism 74; the lead-out end of L6 is connected to the lead-out end of L8 via the right pulley mechanism 72. Six fixed pulleys are sequentially arranged on the top frame 12 on the left side of the reel 5, which are respectively marked as C1, C2...C6; six fixed pulleys are sequentially arranged on the top frame 12 on the right side of the reel 5, which are respectively marked as C7, C8...C12, among which: L1 connects C2 and C1 in sequence; L2 connects C3; L3 connects C4 and C6 in sequence; L4 connects C5; L5 connects C8; L6 connects C9 and C7 in sequence; L7 connects C10; L8 connects C11 and C12 in sequence.

[0032] C1 is set along the plane where the X-axis and the Z-axis are located; C2 is set along the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located; C3 is set along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; C4 forms an angle of α with the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located; C5 is set along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; C6 is set along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; C7 is set along the plane where the X-axis and the Z-axis are located; C8 is set along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; C9 forms an angle of β with the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located; C10 is set along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; C11 forms an angle of γ with the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located; C12 is set along the plane where the X-axis and the Z-axis are located. Among them, 0≤α≤30°, 0≤β≤30°, 0≤γ≤30°.

[0033] The ship-borne container hoisting method of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps: 1. Preparation stage; System initialization: Ensure that all components of the shipborne container lifting system, including trolley 1, trolley 2, winch 6, drum 5, and hoist 7, are in normal condition. Check whether the wire rope (L1-L8) is worn or broken, and ensure that all pulleys (C1-C12) are flexible. Start the control host and perform a system self-check to ensure that the control system is correct. According to the instructions of the control host or the instructions of the operator, determine the specific location of the container to be lifted.

[0034] 2. Cart 1 positioning; Movement of trolley 1: The trolley drive mechanism 3 receives the command from the control host, and the motor and reducer work together to drive the trolley 1 to move along the trolley track 4. Through the real-time feedback of the control host, the position of trolley 1 is adjusted to ensure that the track of trolley 2 is aligned with the container to be hoisted.

[0035] 3. Precise positioning of car 2; Trolley 2 starts: After the track of trolley 2 is aligned with the container, the trolley driving mechanism 8 receives the control command and starts the travel device of trolley 2. Trolley 2 moves left and right along the track and adjusts its position according to the real-time feedback of the control host to ensure that the spreader 7 can accurately align with the lock hole of the container.

[0036] 4. Winding of the hoist 7 and preparation for hoisting; Winding of the hoist 7: According to a specific winding method, the eight wire ropes (L1-L8) are correctly connected between the pulley mechanism of the hoist 7 and the drum 5. The specific winding method is: the lead-out end of L1 is connected to the lead-out end of L3 through the left pulley mechanism 75; the lead-out end of L2 is connected to the lead-out end of L5 through the middle pulley mechanism 74; the lead-out end of L4 is connected to the lead-out end of L7 through the middle pulley mechanism 74; the lead-out end of L6 is connected to the lead-out end of L8 through the right pulley mechanism 72. L1 to L8 are also guided by the fixed pulleys (C1-C12) on the top frame 12 to ensure that the wire ropes are wound along the predetermined path. After ensuring that all wire ropes are connected correctly, pre-tighten the wire ropes through the winch 6, and check the status of the hoist 7 and the wire ropes.

[0037] 5. Lifting operation; Lifting and lowering of the sling 7: The hoist 6 drives the drum 5 to rotate forward or reverse according to the control command to control the lifting and lowering of the sling 7. When the drum 5 rotates forward, the wire rope is wound on the drum 5 and the sling 7 rises; when it rotates reversely, the wire rope is released and the sling 7 falls.

[0038] The spreader 7 locks the container: the spreader 7 slowly descends under the control of the control system, and the locking claw of the lifting beam 71 docks with the locking hole of the container and locks it. The hoist 6 continues to work, and the spreader 7 and the container are lifted to a certain height by rotating the drum 5. The large car 1 and the small car 2 work together, move accurately according to the control instructions, and lift the container to the specified location.

[0039] 6. Place the container; Container positioning: After reaching the designated position, the trolley 1 and the trolley 2 adjust their positions accurately again to ensure that the container can be placed stably. The spreader 7 releases the container: The hoist 6 is controlled to slowly lower the spreader 7, and the locking claws of the lifting beam 71 are separated from the locking holes of the container, releasing the container. The spreader 7 returns to the initial position under the control of the hoist 6, preparing for the next lifting operation.

[0040] 7. Ending stage; After completing the lifting task, reset all components to their initial state, shut down the control host, and perform system maintenance and inspection.

[0041] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The shipborne container lifting system is characterized by: It includes: Cart tracks, laid on the hull; The trolley installed on the trolley track is a gantry structure, which includes a support beam and a top frame; the support beam is connected to the trolley track through rollers; The trolley driving mechanism includes a motor and a reducer, which is used to drive the trolley to move along the trolley track; The trolley has a trolley track on the top frame, the trolley is installed on the trolley track of the trolley and moves laterally through the trolley track; the trolley track is provided with a trolley driving mechanism for driving the trolley to move laterally on the track; A sling is provided with a lifting beam for connecting the container, and a pulley mechanism is provided on the lifting beam, and the pulley mechanism includes a right pulley mechanism, a middle pulley mechanism, a middle pulley mechanism and a left pulley mechanism; A winch and a drum are also installed on the top frame. The drum is connected to the pulley mechanism of the spreader through a wire rope to drive the spreader to rise and fall. The winch is connected to the drum transmission to drive the drum to rotate, wind and release the wire rope, and control the height of the sling; There are eight steel wire ropes connected between the drum and the sling, which are marked as L1, L2...L8. Among them, L1, L2, L3 and L4 are connected to the drum from the left side, and the winding method is winding from the top of the drum; L5, L6, L7 and L8 are connected to the drum from the right side, and the winding method is winding from the bottom of the drum; Among them: The lead-out end of L1 is connected to the lead-out end of L3 via the left pulley mechanism; The lead-out end of L2 is connected to the lead-out end of L5 via the middle two pulley mechanism; The lead-out end of L4 is connected to the lead-out end of L7 via the middle two pulley mechanism; The lead-out end of L6 is connected to the lead-out end of L8 via the right pulley mechanism.

2. The shipborne container lifting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Six fixed pulleys are arranged on the top frame on the left side of the drum, which are marked as C1, C2, ... C6; six fixed pulleys are arranged on the top frame on the right side of the drum, which are marked as C7, C8, ... C12, among which: L1 connects C2 and C1 in sequence; L2 connects to C3; L3 connects C4 and C6 in sequence; L4 connects to C5; L5 connects to C8; L6 connects C9 and C7 in sequence; L7 connects to C10; L8 is connected to C11 and C12 in sequence.

3. The shipborne container lifting system according to claim 2, characterized in that: C1 is arranged along the plane where the X-axis and the Z-axis are located; C2 is arranged along the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located; C3 is arranged along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; the angle formed by C4 and the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located is α; C5 is arranged along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; C6 is arranged along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; C7 is arranged along the plane where the X-axis and the Z-axis are located; C8 is arranged along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; the angle formed by C9 and the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located is β; C10 is arranged along the plane where the Y-axis and the Z-axis are located; the angle formed by C11 and the plane where the X-axis and the Y-axis are located is γ; C12 is arranged along the plane where the X-axis and the Z-axis are located.

4. The shipborne container lifting system according to claim 3, characterized in that: 0≤α≤30°, 0≤β≤30°, 0≤γ≤30°.

5. A method for lifting a container on a ship, characterized in that: The shipborne container lifting system according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is adopted and carried out according to the following steps: S1, the trolley driving mechanism receives the command of the control host and drives the trolley to move along the track so that the trolley track is aligned with the container to be hoisted; S2. After the trolley track is aligned with the container, the trolley driving mechanism: according to the control command, the trolley travel device is started to drive the trolley to move left and right along the track; the trolley adjusts its position according to the real-time feedback of the control host to ensure that the spreader can accurately align with the lock hole of the container; S3, the lifting device is wound, the lead-out end of L1 is connected to the lead-out end of L3 through the left pulley mechanism; the lead-out end of L2 is connected to the lead-out end of L5 through the middle pulley mechanism; the lead-out end of L4 is connected to the lead-out end of L7 through the middle pulley mechanism; the lead-out end of L6 is connected to the lead-out end of L8 through the right pulley mechanism; L1 is connected to C2 and C1 in sequence; L2 is connected to C3; L3 is connected to C4 and C6 in sequence; L4 is connected to C5; L5 is connected to C8; L6 is connected to C9 and C7 in sequence; L7 is connected to C10; L8 is connected to C11 and C12 in sequence; S4. The winch drives the drum to rotate forward or reverse according to the control command. When the drum rotates forward, it drives the sling to rise, and when the drum rotates reversely, it drives the sling to fall, thereby adjusting the height of the sling; S5. The lifting device slowly descends under the control of the control system, and the locking claws of the lifting beam dock with the locking holes of the container and lock them; S6. The winch continues to work, lifting the sling and container to a certain height through the rotation of the drum; with the coordinated work of the large truck and the small car, the container is lifted, lowered and placed in the designated position.

Images