Color mixing and repairing method for brick or stone cultural relics and application of color mixing and repairing method

Abstract

The invention discloses a toning and repairing method for brick or stone cultural relics and application of the toning and repairing method, and relates to the technical field of cultural relic repairing. Comprising the following steps: preparing a plurality of color samples with different colors by adopting a shape repairing material, natural rock color and water, and forming a database according to a one-to-one correspondence relationship between color value parameters of each color sample and a formula; and calculating chromatic aberration between the to-be-repaired area and each color sample according to the database and obtaining the minimum chromatic aberration, and performing color matching and repairing on the to-be-repaired area according to the formula of the color sample corresponding to the minimum chromatic aberration. According to the method, the cultural relic repairing difficulty is greatly reduced, the professional knowledge requirement and the color sensitivity requirement for repairing personnel are both reduced, and available formulas with similar colors can be rapidly obtained. Besides, natural minerals are adopted as colored raw materials in the formula of the color sample, the stability is good, the binding capacity with surrounding raw stones is high, and on the basis that color coordination of a repaired area is guaranteed, damage to cultural relics caused by repeated repair is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cultural relic restoration, and in particular to a color adjustment and restoration method for brick or stone cultural relics and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] Brick cultural relics generally include bricks of ancient buildings, and stone cultural relics generally include grotto temples, stone carvings and cliff statues carved and / or excavated on various rocks. Since these cultural relics mostly exist in open-air environments and according to the different ages of their formation, they all show different degrees of weathering, incompleteness, peeling and cracking. In severe cases, there is even partial detachment of the cultural relics themselves, which not only affects the safety and stability of the cultural relics, but also causes immeasurable losses to the various values ​​​​endowed by the cultural relics themselves. Therefore, the restoration of cultural relics is one of the keys to cultural relic protection.

[0003] In order to ensure that the value of cultural relics will not be destroyed due to restoration, it is necessary not only to reduce the number of times cultural relics in the same area are repaired as much as possible, that is, to try to repair them successfully in one go, to avoid secondary damage to the surrounding original stones during the removal of repair materials due to repeated repairs; and after the repair is successful, the connection between the repair material and the cultural relic body is stable and not easy to fall off, and at the same time, the color of the repaired area needs to be coordinated and unified with the surrounding original stones.

[0004] In order to ensure the color of the repaired area is coordinated with the surrounding original stones, the current restoration method of cultural relics mainly relies on researchers to adjust the color according to the color of the surrounding original stones. However, the color of the original stones varies greatly due to environmental influences. Even the same brick or stone material will show different shades and / or different colors. Figure 1 At the same time, in order to prepare repair materials that are close to the color of the surrounding original stones, researchers need to master a lot of art and cultural relic restoration basics, and also need to have a high sensitivity to color, which increases the difficulty of cultural relic restoration.

[0005] In view of this, the present invention is proposed. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a color adjustment and restoration method for brick or stone cultural relics and its application.

[0007] The present invention is achieved in that:

[0008] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a color adjustment and restoration method for brick or stone cultural relics, comprising preparing a plurality of color samples of different colors using a repair material, natural rock color and water, and forming a database according to a one-to-one correspondence between the color value parameters of each color sample and a formula; calculating the color difference between the area to be repaired and each color sample according to the database and obtaining the minimum color difference, and performing color adjustment and restoration on the area to be repaired according to the formula of the color sample corresponding to the minimum color difference.

[0009] In an optional embodiment, the number of color samples is ≥1000, and the minimum color difference ΔE satisfies ΔE<1.

[0010] Preferably, the number of color samples is ≥1500.

[0011] In an optional embodiment, the color of the color sample includes at least one of gray, red, yellow, white and cyan.

[0012] Preferably, the colors of the color sample include gray, red, yellow, white and cyan.

[0013] In an optional embodiment, the repair material is burnt gravel.

[0014] Natural rock colors include at least one of black rock colors, white rock colors, yellow rock colors, red rock colors, green rock colors and gray rock colors.

[0015] The water is deionized water.

[0016] In an optional embodiment, the color value parameter of the color sample is an average value of the color value parameters detected at multiple color detection points.

[0017] Preferably, the number of the color detection points is 10 to 30, and each surface of the color sample is provided with at least one color detection point.

[0018] Preferably, the color value parameters are detected using a spectrophotometer.

[0019] In an optional embodiment, the method for preparing the color sample includes uniformly mixing the repair material, natural rock color and water, and then shaping, drying, curing and polishing in sequence.

[0020] In an optional embodiment, the curing time is 20 to 40 days.

[0021] In an optional embodiment, the grinding depth is 1 to 3 mm.

[0022] In an optional embodiment, the color value parameters include L, a and b, and the color difference is calculated using the following method:

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an application of a method as described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments in the field of cultural relics restoration.

[0024] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] The present invention provides a coloring and restoration method for brick or stone cultural relics and its application. By preparing a plurality of color samples and establishing a database of the corresponding relationship between the color value parameters and the formula of the color samples, the color value parameters of the surrounding raw stones can be directly detected and compared with the color samples in the database during the restoration process to obtain a plurality of color differences. The formula of the corresponding color sample can be directly determined according to the minimum color difference, which greatly reduces the difficulty of coloring. The restoration material can be directly modulated according to the formula to perform coloring and restoration on the area to be restored. The method greatly reduces the difficulty of cultural relic restoration, reduces the professional knowledge requirements and color sensitivity requirements of the restoration personnel, and the color samples of different formulas modulated at the same time can be continuously stored in the database, providing a basis for the overall coordination and unification of the colors of the cultural relic restoration. In addition, the formulas of the color samples provided by the present invention all use natural minerals as colored raw materials, which have better stability than chemically synthesized pigments and good binding ability with the surrounding raw stones. On the basis of ensuring the color coordination of the restoration area, the damage to the cultural relics caused by repeated restoration due to inaccurate color matching of the restoration materials is avoided. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic diagram showing the different colors of stone artifacts in different areas;

[0028] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a color sample provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a color sample provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of color comparison in step S04 of Example 1 of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 A comparison diagram of the stone cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty stone bridge in Xumi Fushou Temple of Chengde Mountain Resort restored by the method provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 A comparison diagram of the stone cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty stone bridge in Xumi Fushou Temple of Chengde Mountain Resort restored by the method provided in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7This is a comparison diagram of the stone cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty stone bridge in Xumi Fushou Temple of Chengde Mountain Resort restored by the method provided in Example 1 of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below. If the specific conditions are not specified in the embodiments, they are carried out according to conventional conditions or conditions recommended by the manufacturer. If the manufacturer of the reagents or instruments used is not specified, they are all conventional products that can be purchased commercially.

[0035] The features and performance of the present invention are further described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0036] The current color matching method for cultural relics restoration includes on-site color matching and color testing by operators to ensure that the overall color of the cultural relics before and after restoration is coordinated and unified. This method requires the operator to have a lot of professional knowledge and good color acuity. Even so, repeated color matching and color testing are required to obtain color-coordinated restoration materials, which makes cultural relics restoration more difficult.

[0037] There are also some color adjustment methods that detect the color value parameters of the surrounding raw stones, and then the electronic device calculates the formula of the color adjustment and restoration material according to the color value parameters. However, due to the different raw materials, there is still a large difference between the color of the color adjustment and the color of the color adjustment and restoration material obtained by the actual color adjustment, which is difficult to meet the requirements of color coordination and uniformity in the process of cultural relics restoration. Based on this, the inventor proposes the following solution.

[0038] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a color adjustment and restoration method for brick or stone cultural relics, comprising preparing a plurality of color samples of different colors using a repair material, natural rock color and water, and forming a database according to a one-to-one correspondence between the color value parameters of each color sample and a formula; calculating the color difference between the area to be repaired and each color sample according to the database and obtaining the minimum color difference, and performing color adjustment and restoration on the area to be repaired according to the formula of the color sample corresponding to the minimum color difference.

[0039] This method greatly reduces the difficulty of cultural relic restoration, reduces the professional knowledge requirements and color sensitivity requirements for restorers, and only needs to detect the color value parameters of the surrounding raw stones during the restoration process, and use the database to compare to obtain the formula corresponding to the minimum color difference. At the same time, the color samples of different formulas can be continuously stored in the database, providing a basis for the overall coordination and unification of the colors of cultural relic restoration. In addition, the formulas of the color samples provided by the present invention all use natural minerals as colored raw materials, which have better stability than chemically synthesized pigments and good binding ability with the surrounding raw stones. On the basis of ensuring the color coordination of the restoration area, the damage to the cultural relics caused by repeated restoration is avoided.

[0040] In an optional embodiment, in order to ensure that the overall color of the cultural relics after restoration is coordinated and unified, the more color samples, the better. For example, the number of color samples is ≥1000, preferably, the number of color samples is ≥1500. At present, the data involved in the method provided by the present invention already has data of 1500 color samples, and its color range almost covers the main brick and stone cultural relics in China, such as tuff, sandstone, white marble and blue brick, etc. The color system includes gray system, red system, white, cyan system, etc. Different color systems contain rich colors, and the subtle color changes of the same color stone can find the corresponding color in the sample block, which lays the foundation for the refined color matching restoration of brick and stone cultural relics.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, in order to ensure that the overall color of the cultural relic is coordinated and unified after restoration, the minimum color difference ΔE between the color sample and the surrounding original stones satisfies ΔE<1.

[0042] In an optional embodiment, the color value parameters include L, a and b, where L represents brightness, the lower the L value, the darker the color, and the higher the L value, the brighter the color; a represents red-green color, a>0 represents reddish color, a<0 ​​represents greenish color; b represents yellow-blue color, b>0 represents yellowish color, a<0 ​​represents bluish color. The color difference is calculated using the following method:

[0043] In an optional embodiment, the color of the color sample includes at least one of gray, red, yellow, white and cyan, which can meet the coloring and restoration requirements of various brick and stone cultural relics.

[0044] Preferably, the colors of the color samples include gray, red, yellow, white and cyan, so as to ensure that the colors of various bricks and stone cultural relics can find color samples with similar colors in the database.

[0045] In an optional embodiment, in order to ensure the color accuracy of the color sample, reduce errors, and ensure the overall coordination and uniformity of the restoration of the cultural relics, the color value parameter of the color sample is the average value of the color value parameters detected by multiple color detection points.

[0046] Preferably, the number of the color detection points is 10 to 30, and each surface of the color sample is provided with at least one color detection point.

[0047] Preferably, the color value parameters are detected using a spectrophotometer.

[0048] Existing coloring materials, such as watercolor pigments or water-soluble toner pigments, are all chemically synthesized pigments, which have poor aging resistance and are prone to fading and falling off in open air environments for a long time.

[0049] In an optional embodiment, the repair material is burnt gravel.

[0050] Natural rock color includes at least one of black rock color, white rock color, yellow rock color, red rock color, green rock color and gray rock color. Black rock color can be made of graphite powder, yellow rock color can be made of Dunhuang soil, white rock color can be made of clam powder, red rock color can be made of red sand soil, green rock color can be made of green volcanic stone powder, and gray rock color can be made of fine tile ash.

[0051] The water is deionized water.

[0052] By using the above-mentioned repair materials, natural rock colors and water-adjusted color repair materials, the color stability of the color repair materials can be guaranteed and the possibility of repeated repairs can be reduced. By adjusting the types and proportions of raw materials, color samples of various colors can be obtained, which is conducive to ensuring that the overall color of the cultural relics is coordinated and unified after restoration.

[0053] In an optional embodiment, in order to ensure that the color value parameters of the color sample are accurate, the method for preparing the color sample includes uniformly mixing the repair material, natural rock color and water, and then shaping, drying, curing and polishing in sequence.

[0054] Preferably, the shaping can be prepared into samples of the same size by a mold, for example, any of round, square or spherical shapes can be prepared. By preparing a three-dimensional color sample, the area for color value parameter detection can be increased, and the accuracy of the color value parameter can also be guaranteed.

[0055] In an optional embodiment, the curing time is 20 to 40 days.

[0056] In an optional implementation, the grinding depth is 1 to 3 mm. The grinding can be performed by grinding the color sample with materials such as sandpaper to produce a texture similar to the corresponding brick or stone cultural relic to ensure the accuracy of the color value parameters.

[0057] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an application of a method as described in any one of the aforementioned embodiments in the field of cultural relics restoration.

[0058] Example 1

[0059] This embodiment provides a method for coloring and restoring brick or stone cultural relics, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S01. Use the repair material, natural rock color and deionized water to mix thoroughly and evenly. The mass of deionized water is equal to the mass of solid. Press the mixed slurry into a cylindrical mold with a diameter of 5 cm and a height of 2.5 cm. Curing the sample for 28 days until the sample is completely dry and solidified.

[0061] After the sample block is completely cured, use colorless sandpaper of the same mesh size to grind the color measurement surface of the sample block to simulate the rough mechanism of the surface of bricks and stone cultural relics. The grinding depth is 2mm. After grinding, clean the surface dust to obtain the color sample.

[0062] According to the above method, the types and proportions of the raw materials of the restoration materials and natural rock colors were changed to obtain 1500 color samples, such as Figure 2 and Figure 3 Its color system covers gray, red, yellow, white and cyan, and each color system has a variety of colors with different lightness and darkness.

[0063] S02. Use a spectrophotometer to test the color value parameters of the color sample, including ensuring that the color measurement surface of each sample block is clean and free of any dirt, and then equally dividing each color sample into 16 points, using a spectrophotometer to test each point, obtaining 16 groups of L, a, and b values, and taking the average of the 16 groups of L, a, and b values ​​as the color value parameters of the color sample. Repeat the above steps to obtain the color value parameters of 1500 color samples.

[0064] S03, the color value parameters and formula of each sample block are matched one by one and pre-stored in the electronic device to form a color database.

[0065] For the convenience of management, each color sample can also be numbered, and the number, color value parameters and formula can be stored in the electronic device one by one.

[0066] S04, such as Figure 4 As shown, a spectrophotometer is used to detect the color around the repaired area, and the average color value of the area is input into the database. Calculate the color difference between the color around the area to be repaired and each color sample, and compare the values ​​of each color difference to obtain the minimum color difference. If the minimum color difference ΔE is less than 1, and the color sample corresponding to the minimum color difference is compared with the color of the area to be repaired on site, and the compared colors are highly consistent (the color difference cannot be distinguished by the naked eye), the area to be repaired is color-adjusted according to the formula of the color sample corresponding to the minimum color difference.

[0067] S05. After the repaired area is completely dry, use a spectrophotometer to test the chromaticity of the repaired area and the surrounding area, calculate the color difference, and evaluate whether the color of the repaired area is coordinated with the color of the cultural relic itself.

[0068] The method of Example 1 was used to repair the stone cultural relics of the Qing Dynasty stone bridge in Xumi Fushou Temple of Chengde Mountain Resort. Figure 5 to Figure 7 The results shown by Figure 5 to Figure 7It can be seen that the color of the stone cultural relics before and after restoration by the method provided in Example 1 is coordinated and unified, and it is difficult to distinguish the restoration traces with the naked eye, which has a better application value for the protection of cultural relics.

[0069] The embodiments of the present invention provide a color adjustment and restoration method for brick or stone cultural relics and its application. By producing multiple color samples, its color range almost covers the main brick and stone cultural relics in my country, such as tuff, sandstone, white marble and blue bricks, including gray, red, white and blue, etc. Different color systems contain rich colors, and the slight color changes of stones of the same color can be found in the sample blocks with corresponding colors, laying a foundation for the refined color matching and restoration of brick and stone cultural relics.

[0070] The color value parameters of the color samples recorded in the method of the embodiment of the present invention are all actual detection parameters, and the proportions are all actual formulas of the materials. Therefore, as long as the color difference satisfies ΔE<1, the restored cultural relics are difficult to distinguish the difference by the naked eye, and the color uniformity is good; in addition, the method avoids the need for multiple repeated color adjustment or multiple repeated repairs caused by computer calculation errors or human calculation errors, thereby avoiding secondary damage to the cultural relics.

[0071] The method of the embodiment of the present invention simulates the surface texture of the cultural relic by polishing, thereby avoiding the increase of color visual differences caused by different surface textures. At the same time, by taking the average value of the color value parameters through multi-point detection, the error can be reduced, the accuracy of the color value parameters can be ensured, and the overall color coordination and unification of the cultural relic after restoration can be achieved.

[0072] This method does not require operators to have a lot of professional knowledge, which reduces the difficulty of cultural relics restoration. At the same time, it can ensure the quality of cultural relics restoration and avoid secondary damage to cultural relics. It has better application value. The minimum color difference is obtained through database analysis, and the double insurance of re-detecting the color difference after restoration ensures that this material is most suitable for the restoration of the cultural relics themselves.

[0073] Furthermore, the colors of all restoration materials involved in the present invention are all formulated using natural inorganic mineral rock colors. Compared with chemical synthetic pigments, they are more stable in nature, better combined with restoration materials, and are not easy to change color or fade in outdoor open air environments.

[0074] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for coloring and restoring brick or stone cultural relics, characterized in that: The method comprises preparing a plurality of color samples of different colors by using a repairing material, natural rock color and water, and forming a database according to the one-to-one correspondence between the color value parameters of each color sample and the formula; calculating the color difference between the area to be repaired and each color sample according to the database and obtaining the minimum color difference, and performing color adjustment and repair on the area to be repaired according to the formula of the color sample corresponding to the minimum color difference.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The number of the color samples is ≥ 1000, and the minimum color difference ΔE satisfies ΔE<1; Preferably, the number of the color samples is ≥1500.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The color of the color sample includes at least one of gray, red, yellow, white and cyan; Preferably, the colors of the color sample include gray, red, yellow, white and cyan.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The said repairing material is burnt gravel; The natural rock color includes at least one of black rock color, white rock color, yellow rock color, red rock color, green rock color and gray rock color; The water is deionized water.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The color value parameter of the color sample is the average value of the color value parameters detected by multiple color detection points; Preferably, the number of the color detection points is 10 to 30, and each surface of the color sample is provided with at least one color detection point; Preferably, the color value parameters are detected using a spectrophotometer.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The method for preparing the color sample comprises uniformly mixing the repair material, the natural rock color and water, and then sequentially shaping, drying, curing and polishing.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The curing time is 20 to 40 days.

8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The grinding depth is 1 to 3 mm.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The color value parameters include L, a and b, and the color difference is calculated using the following method:

10. Use of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the field of cultural relics restoration.

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