Long and short branched chain type perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin, proton membrane and preparation method and application of long and short branched chain type perfluorinated sulfonic acid resin

The long-short branch type perfluorosulfonic acid resin addresses the swelling and conductivity issues in PFSA membranes by incorporating specific structural units, resulting in enhanced mechanical stability and ionic conductivity, and improved ion blocking properties for better fuel cell performance.

CN119708298AActive Publication Date: 2025-03-28UNIV OF JINAN
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Patent Information

Application Number
CN202311283535.X
Authority / Receiving Office
CN · China
Patent Type
Applications(China)
Current Assignee / Owner
Filing Date
2023-09-28
Publication Date
2025-03-28
Estimated Expiration
2043-09-28

AI Technical Summary

Technical Problem

Traditional PFSA membranes suffer from excessive swelling due to high water absorption, leading to mechanical weakness, ion selectivity issues, and reduced energy efficiency in applications like fuel cells, which existing methods like PTFE composite membranes attempt to address but with limited success due to compatibility issues and loss of ionic conductivity.

Method used

A long-short branch type perfluorosulfonic acid resin with a specific structural composition that includes perfluoroethylene units, short and long branch perfluorosulfonic acid units, and ion exchange groups, allowing for controlled ion exchange capacity and improved mechanical stability while maintaining high ionic conductivity.

Benefits of technology

The solution effectively enhances the mechanical stability and ionic conductivity of the membrane, resolving the trade-off between swelling and conductivity, and exhibits superior blocking properties for ions like vanadium, thus improving the membrane's performance in fuel cells.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of high polymer materials, and relates to a long and short branch chain type perfluorosulfonic acid resin, a proton membrane and a preparation method and application thereof, the resin structure has long branch chain perfluorosulfonic acid and short branch chain perfluorosulfonic acid structural units, and the structural advantages of the perfluorosulfonic acid resin are retained. Due to the introduction of a long-chain-chain perfluorosulfonic acid structure, the water absorption of the resin and the film can be regulated and controlled, and the dimensional stability is improved; besides, the cationic group in the structure can effectively improve the dissociation of the terminal sulfonic acid group, improve the ionic conductivity of the proton membrane, and solve the contradiction between long side chain and low conductivity. A sulfonic acid group in a short-branch-chain perfluorosulfonic acid structure and an amino group (-N) in a long-branch-chain perfluorosulfonic acid structure can form an acid-base ion pair, so that the strong water absorption effect of the sulfonic acid group in the proton membrane is effectively limited, and the mechanical property of the membrane can be greatly enhanced; in addition, formed ion pairs can also be used for ion conduction, so that the contradiction between'short side chain 'and'high swelling' is solved.
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