Slow-release microbial agent as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a slow-release type microbial agent. The slow-release type microbial agent mainly comprises a microbial agent carrier and a compound bacteria solution embedded in the microbial agent carrier, wherein the microbial agent carrier comprises a mixture consisting of lignocellulose, humic acid, bentonite, diatomite, polylactic acid and nano silicon dioxide. According to the invention, three bacilli are compounded, a plurality of slow-release agent combinations are adopted, and major elements combining quick-acting nitrogen and slow-release nitrogen are adopted, so that the slow-release effect is further enhanced, in addition, a synergist is also added, so that the slow-release microbial agent improves the quality-improving and efficiency-improving effects, and especially in tomato crops, the slow-release microbial agent has the advantages that the quality-improving and efficiency-improving effects are achieved; the yield of tomatoes can be greatly improved, the aftereffect is sufficient, and the topdressing frequency in the maintenance process can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural microorganisms, and in particular to a slow-release microbial agent and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] As the world pays more attention to food safety and environmental protection, the environmental problems caused by traditional fertilizers (such as soil degradation and eutrophication of water bodies) have prompted people to seek more environmentally friendly and efficient alternatives. Biofertilizers, especially those containing functional microorganisms, have attracted widespread attention because they can improve soil structure, increase nutrient utilization, and enhance plant disease resistance. Microbial agents have comprehensive nutrient elements and can improve soil and soil compaction caused by the use of chemical fertilizers. They improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil and enhance the soil's ability to retain water, fertilizer, and fertilizer. After entering the soil, the beneficial microorganisms in the microbial agents form a symbiotic proliferation relationship with the microorganisms in the soil, inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and transform them into beneficial bacteria, interact with each other, promote each other, and play a synergistic role in the group. Beneficial bacteria produce a large number of metabolites during the growth and reproduction process, promote the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, and can directly or indirectly provide crops with a variety of nutrients and stimulating substances, promote and regulate crop growth, and are an environmentally friendly fertilizer.

[0003] However, existing microbial agents have some limitations: Short-term effect: Most microbial agents show good effects in the short term after application, but their activity decreases rapidly over time and requires frequent replenishment. Poor stability: Microorganisms are easily affected by external environmental factors, such as changes in temperature, humidity, pH value, etc., which lead to reduced survival rate or loss of activity. Uneven distribution: Due to the lack of effective carriers and protection measures, microorganisms are unevenly distributed in the soil, making it difficult to achieve the best application effect. Cost-effectiveness: Higher material and technical requirements in the production process increase the manufacturing cost of the product and limit its large-scale promotion.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a sustained-release microbial agent. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to solve the above problems and provides a sustained-release microbial agent and a preparation method and application thereof. Specifically, the technical solution provided by the present application is as follows: In a first aspect, the present application provides a sustained-release microbial agent, the sustained-release microbial agent mainly comprising a microbial agent carrier and a composite bacterial solution embedded in the microbial agent carrier; The microbial agent carrier includes a mixture of lignocellulose, humic acid, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, polylactic acid (PLA), and nano-silicon dioxide.

[0006] Specifically, the microbial agent carrier can have multiple schemes, Scheme 1: the mass ratio of lignocellulose and humic acid is 1:5; Scheme 2: the mass ratio of bentonite and diatomaceous earth is 3:2; Scheme 3: the mass ratio of polylactic acid and nano-silicon dioxide is 3:1; Scheme 4: lignocellulose: humic acid: bentonite = 1:5:3; Scheme 5: lignocellulose: humic acid: polylactic acid = 1:5:3; Scheme 6: lignocellulose: humic acid: bentonite: diatomaceous earth: polylactic acid: nano-silicon dioxide = 1:5:3:2:3:1. Scheme 6 is the most preferred.

[0007] Furthermore, the composite bacterial liquid includes Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus velezensis. Specifically, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, with a deposit number of ACCC 62256, was purchased from the China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Center; the Bacillus megaterium, with a deposit number of ACCC 01509, was purchased from the China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Center; and the Bacillus velezensis, with a deposit number of ACCC 02747, was purchased from the China Agricultural Microbiological Culture Collection Center.

[0008] Preferably, the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens: Bacillus megaterium: Bacillus velez are compounded in a mass ratio of 2:2:1.

[0009] Furthermore, the sustained-release microbial agent also includes macroelements and trace elements.

[0010] Specifically, the macroelements are ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, urea formaldehyde polymer, and the microelements are calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and iron sulfate. Among them, the macroelements are obtained by compounding fast-acting nitrogen (ammonium sulfate) and slow-release nitrogen (urea formaldehyde polymer), which is conducive to enhancing the slow-release effect of the slow-release microbial agent.

[0011] Furthermore, the sustained-release microbial agent also includes at least one synergist, which is one or both of quercetin and / or quercetin.

[0012] The effective live bacteria count of the above-mentioned sustained-release microbial agent products shall not be less than 500 million / g.

[0013] In the second aspect, based on the same invention, the present invention also provides a method for preparing a sustained-release microbial agent, the preparation method comprising the following steps: S1: Mix various components of the microbial agent carrier in proportion and grind them through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture; S2: compounding and activating Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus velez according to a certain proportion to obtain a composite bacterial solution; S3: mixing the mixture obtained in S1 with water at a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain a microbial agent carrier; S4: mixing the microbial agent carrier obtained in S3 and the composite bacterial solution obtained in S2; S5: mixing the macroelements and the microelements and crushing them through a 20-40 mesh sieve to obtain an inorganic nutrient element mixture; S6: adding the inorganic nutrient element mixture and the synergist obtained in S5 to the mixture in S4 respectively, stirring and mixing again to be uniform, granulating, and obtaining a slow-release microbial agent.

[0014] In a third aspect, the present invention also provides the use of the above-mentioned slow-release microbial agent in promoting plant growth.

[0015] Specifically, the plant is selected from Solanaceae crops and / or Asteraceae crops, and the Solanaceae crops include at least one of tomato, tobacco and pepper.

[0016] Furthermore, the slow-release microbial agent is used as base fertilizer or topdressing fertilizer.

[0017] Preferably, when the slow-release microbial agent is used as a base fertilizer, it can be spread or applied in furrows, with a dosage of 20-40 kg / mu; when used as a topdressing fertilizer, it can be applied in furrows, with a dosage of 10-20 kg / mu.

[0018] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention explores the effects of slow-release microbial inoculant products prepared by different strain combinations and different microbial inoculant carrier schemes. The present invention adopts a compound of three types of Bacillus, a combination of multiple slow-release agents, and a large amount of elements combining fast-acting nitrogen with slow-release nitrogen to further enhance the slow-release effect. In addition, a synergist is added to enable the slow-release microbial inoculant to improve the effect of improving quality and increasing efficiency, especially in tomato crops, which can greatly increase the yield of tomatoes, has sufficient stamina, and can reduce the number of topdressing times during maintenance. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention, but not for limiting the scope of the present invention in any way. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. The experimental methods used in the present invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The materials, reagents, etc. used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, can be obtained from commercial channels. In addition, other terms used in the present invention, unless otherwise specified, generally have the meanings commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0020] Example 1: Screening of composite bacterial liquid 1.1 Experimental Materials Test plants: Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. ), the variety was Qianxi, purchased from Jiangsu Yimutian Vegetable Seedling Co., Ltd.; Test soil: taken from Gaotang County, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province.

[0021] 1.2 Test methods The pot experiment was conducted in flower pots with an inner diameter of the pot mouth, inner diameter of the pot bottom and pot height of 20 cm, 14 cm and 16 cm respectively. Each pot contained 3 kg of soil, and the microbial solution was mixed with the soil at a ratio of 1%. After the tomato seedlings were planted, the experimental group settings were shown in Table 1: Table 1: Experimental group settings for Example 1

[0022] In the experimental settings in Table 1, 30 tomato seedlings were used for each treatment, and more than 3 groups of parallel repeated experiments were set up for each treatment.

[0023] 1.3 Test indicators Ten days after the tomato seedlings were planted, the indicators were measured, and 15-20 tomato seedlings with uniform growth were selected from each group to measure the experimental data. The height of the tomato plants was measured with a tape measure, and the stem diameter was measured with a vernier caliper.

[0024] 1.4 Experimental Data The test data are shown in Table 2.

[0025] Table 2: Experimental data of Example 1

[0026] 1.5 Experimental Results and Analysis From the analysis of the experimental data in Table 2, it can be obtained that the addition of single strains of T1-T3 has a significant growth-promoting effect. The compounding of two strains of T4-T6 has a significantly better growth-promoting effect than the control and the growth of a single strain. The treatment of the compounding of three strains of T7 has a significantly better growth-promoting effect than the control, the single strain, and the compounding of two strains. T7 increased the plant height by 46.2% relative to CK1, and the stem thickness increased by 26.97%. Therefore, this application will continue to develop the three-strain compounding scheme of T7.

[0027] Example 2: Screening of microbial agent carriers 2.1 Experimental Materials Test plants: Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. ), the variety is Provence.

[0028] Test location: Experimental shed of Shandong Xinchao Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd., Gaotang County, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province.

[0029] 2.2 Experimental methods Based on the best composite bacterial solution formula obtained in Example 1, the scheme of the microbial agent carrier was screened, and a fertilizer sample was made according to the scheme in Table 1. The experiment was carried out in the experimental shed at a dosage of 20 kg / mu to verify the slow-release effect of the microbial agent. The specific experimental group settings are shown in Table 3: Table 3: Experimental group settings for Example 2

[0030] In the experimental settings in Table 3, each treatment was one ridge (about 0.02 mu), and each treatment was set up with more than 3 groups of parallel repeated experiments.

[0031] 2.3 Test indicators Plant height and stem diameter of tomato seedlings 7 and 14 days after planting. 15-20 tomato seedlings with uniform growth were selected from each group to measure the experimental data. The plant height of tomato plants was measured with a tape measure, and the stem diameter was measured with a vernier caliper.

[0032] 2.4 Experimental Data The test data are shown in Table 4.

[0033] Table 4: Experimental data of Example 2

[0034] 2.5 Experimental Results and Analysis From the experimental data analysis in Table 2, it can be seen that the combination of T13 has the best sustained release effect, and the growth-promoting effect is most obvious 14 days after planting, and the stamina is stronger. Therefore, the present invention selects the formula of T13 for subsequent product development.

[0035] Example 3: Screening of synergists 3.1 Experimental Materials Same as Example 2.

[0036] 3.2 Experimental methods On the basis of Example 2, based on the formula of T13, we added synergists again, and verified the effects of different synergist addition schemes, made fertilizer samples and conducted experiments in the experimental shed at a dosage of 20 kg / mu. The experimental group settings are shown in Table 5: Table 5: Experimental group settings for Example 3

[0037] 3.3 Test indicators The plant height and stem diameter of tomatoes were measured 7 days after planting. 15-20 tomato seedlings with uniform growth were selected from each group to determine the experimental data. The plant height of tomato plants was measured with a tape measure, and the stem diameter was measured with a vernier caliper.

[0038] 3.4 Experimental Data The experimental data are shown in Table 6.

[0039] Table 6: Experimental data of Example 3

[0040] 3.5 Experimental Results and Analysis From the experimental data in Table 6, it can be seen that the growth-promoting effect of adding curcumin in T14 is better than that of adding quercetin in T15, and the growth-promoting effect of adding a combination of curcumin and quercetin in T16 is significantly better than that of not adding a synergist or adding a single synergist.

[0041] Compared with T13, T16 had a 21.43% increase in plant height and a 16.95% increase in stem diameter; compared with T14, T16 had a 3.14% increase in plant height and a 2.35% increase in stem diameter; compared with T15, T16 had a 9.31% increase in plant height and a 6.57% increase in stem diameter. Therefore, this application selected the formula of T16 as the optimal slow-release microbial agent product for production.

[0042] Example 4: Field experiment of sustained-release microbial agent 4.1 Experimental Materials Test plants: Tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum L. ), the variety is Zhongza 109.

[0043] Test location: Tomato planting shed of farmers in Gaotang County, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province.

[0044] The control product of CK3 is a non-sustained-release microbial agent commonly used by farmers.

[0045] 4.2 Experimental methods According to the experimental settings in Table 7, base fertilizer treatment was carried out in the tomato greenhouse. In the greenhouse, each ridge was about 0.02 mu. Two ridges were set for each treatment in the experiment, and more than three groups of repeated experiments were set up in the entire greenhouse.

[0046] Table 7: Experimental group settings of Example 4

[0047] 4.3 Test indicators Plant height and stem diameter of tomatoes 7 and 14 days after planting; the first, second, third, fourth, fifth and sixth yield tests; single fruit weight at the second yield test.

[0048] Plant height (cm): Use a tape measure to measure from the surface soil to the highest point of the plant's main stem; Stem diameter (mm): The stem diameter was measured at the flattest part of the stem using a vernier caliper; Follow up with 6 yield measurements, the yield data in the table refers to the yield of each ridge (about 0.02 mu); Single fruit weight: For each treatment, select fruits with uniform growth and weigh and count them, and repeat for more than 3 times.

[0049] 4.4 Experimental Data The experimental data are shown in Table 8: Table 8: Experimental data of Example 4

[0050] 4.5 Experimental Results and Analysis From the experimental data analysis in Table 8, it can be concluded that through the plant height and stem diameter data at 7 days and 14 days, the experimental group with added microbial agent carrier has better subsequent growth promotion effect. Through the analysis of 6 yield measurement data, it was found that in the first two yield measurements, the yield of the slow-release microbial agent (T17 / T18) was relatively lower than that of the non-slow-release microbial agent (CK4 / CK5); in the third yield measurement, the yield of the slow-release microbial agent (T17 / T18) was slightly higher than that of the non-slow-release microbial agent (CK4 / CK5); but in the subsequent fourth, fifth and sixth yield measurements, the yield of the slow-release microbial agent (T17 / T18) was significantly higher than that of the non-slow-release microbial agent (CK4 / CK5); the total yield was calculated and compared, and it was found that the total yield of T17 increased by 24.17% compared with CK4 and increased by 64.27% compared with CK3; the total yield of T18 increased by 23.38% compared with CK5 and increased by 78.15% compared with CK3.

[0051] It is understandable that those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or changes based on the technical solution and concept of the present invention, and all these changes or substitutions should fall within the protection scope of the claims attached to the present invention.

Claims

1. A sustained-release microbial agent, characterized in that: The sustained-release microbial agent mainly comprises a microbial agent carrier and a composite bacterial solution embedded in the microbial agent carrier; The microbial agent carrier comprises a mixture of lignocellulose, humic acid, bentonite, diatomaceous earth, polylactic acid and nano-silicon dioxide.

2. A sustained-release microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The composite bacterial liquid comprises Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus velezii.

3. A sustained-release microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slow-release microbial agent also includes macroelements and medium and trace elements.

4. A sustained-release microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The macroelements are ammonium sulfate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, and urea formaldehyde polymer, and the microelements are calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, and iron sulfate.

5. A sustained-release microbial agent according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sustained-release microbial agent also includes at least one synergist.

6. A method for preparing a sustained-release microbial agent as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1: Mix various components of the microbial agent carrier in proportion and grind them through a 40-mesh sieve to obtain a mixture; S2: compounding and activating Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus megaterium and Bacillus velez according to a certain proportion to obtain a composite bacterial solution; S3: mixing the mixture obtained in S1 with water at a mass ratio of 3:1 to obtain a microbial agent carrier; S4: mixing the microbial agent carrier obtained in S3 and the composite bacterial solution obtained in S2; S5: mixing the macroelements and the microelements and crushing them through a 20-40 mesh sieve to obtain an inorganic nutrient element mixture; S6: adding the inorganic nutrient element mixture and the synergist obtained in S5 to the mixture in S4 respectively, stirring and mixing again to be uniform, granulating, and obtaining a slow-release microbial agent.

7. Use of the slow-release microbial agent as described in any one of claims 1 to 5 in promoting plant growth.

8. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The plant is selected from Solanaceae crops and / or Asteraceae crops, and the Solanaceae crops include at least one of tomatoes, tobacco and peppers.

9. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that: The slow-release microbial agent is used as base fertilizer or topdressing fertilizer.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the slow-release microbial agent is used as base fertilizer, it can be spread or applied in furrows, with a dosage of 20-40 kg / mu; when it is used as topdressing fertilizer, it can be applied in furrows, with a dosage of 10-20 kg / mu.

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