Waterproof breathable fabric dyeing process

Abstract

The invention provides a waterproof breathable fabric dyeing process, and relates to the technical field of fabric preparation, the process comprises the steps of a preparation stage, dyeing and fixation, post-treatment, detection, drying and the like, in the preparation stage, a fabric is pretreated by using a specific temperature and a detergent, and the use amount of a dye is calculated; controlling the temperature and stirring during dyeing; a cationic color fixing agent is selected for color fixing, and components, concentration, temperature and time of the cationic color fixing agent are determined; according to the dyeing process provided by the invention, the waterproof capability of the waterproof breathable fabric can be greatly enhanced, moisture permeation can be effectively prevented whether the fabric is directly impacted by rainwater or is in a humid environment for a long time, and the waterproof breathable fabric has the advantages of good water resistance and good water resistance. Therefore, the fabric has excellent performance in the fields such as outdoor sports equipment, high-end clothes, protective articles and the like which have high requirements on waterproof performance, and reliable waterproof protection is provided for a user.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of fabric preparation, and more specifically, particularly relates to a waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous improvement of people's living standards and the continuous advancement of science and technology, the demand for functional fabrics is growing, and waterproof and breathable fabrics have been widely used in clothing, outdoor products, home furnishings and other fields.

[0003] However, traditional dyeing processes often fail to provide good breathability while achieving waterproof properties, which greatly reduces the comfort of the fabric when worn or used. In addition, insufficient color fastness during the dyeing process is also a common problem, which makes the fabric easy to fade after repeated washing or use, affecting its appearance and service life.

[0004] In terms of dyeing process operation, many methods and steps are complicated and parameter control is difficult, which not only increases the complexity and cost of production, but also makes it difficult to ensure the stability and consistency of product quality;

[0005] In the face of the market demand for high-quality, high-performance waterproof and breathable fabrics, as well as the requirements of environmental protection and sustainable development, the existing dyeing technology can no longer meet the requirements. Therefore, it is particularly urgent and important to develop a dyeing process that can effectively improve the performance of waterproof and breathable fabrics, simplify the operation process, reduce costs, and conform to the concept of environmental protection. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process to solve the problem that the above traditional dyeing process is often difficult to achieve good breathability while achieving waterproof performance, resulting in a significant reduction in the comfort of the fabric when worn or used. In addition, insufficient color fastness during the dyeing process is also a common problem, which makes the fabric easy to fade after repeated washing or use, affecting the appearance and service life; in terms of the operation of the dyeing process, many methods and steps are cumbersome and parameter control is difficult, which not only increases the complexity and cost of production, but also makes it difficult to ensure the stability and consistency of product quality.

[0007] A waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1: Preparation stage: After selecting the fabric, soak and gently wash it in water at 30-40℃ with a mild detergent for about 15-20 minutes. Then, according to the required color depth and fabric weight, calculate the required dye mass according to "dye concentration × fabric weight" to prepare the dye;

[0009] S2: Dyeing and fixing: Put the dye and fabric into the dye vat in turn, then use a heating device to heat the dye solution to 60-80℃, continue to stir the dye solution until the fabric is colored, and then put the fabric into the solution of the fixing agent;

[0010] S3: Post-treatment: Use clean water at room temperature for preliminary rinsing for about 5-10 minutes, then use a detergent solution at a temperature of 40-50°C to clean, and then use a coating device to evenly apply or spray the prepared waterproof coating material on the surface of the fabric;

[0011] S4: Testing and drying: Use a colorimeter to measure color parameters at different parts of the fabric, compare with standard color samples, and then put the fabric into the dryer for drying.

[0012] Preferably, in the dye selection step, the pH value of the dye solution can be adjusted to 4-6 using acetic acid and sodium acetate buffer solutions.

[0013] Preferably, during the dyeing process, the dye liquor is continuously stirred to ensure uniformity of dyeing, and the stirring speed is usually 30-60 rpm.

[0014] Preferably, during the dyeing process, the color fixing agent is a cationic color fixing agent, which includes a quaternary ammonium salt compound, and the active ingredient content may be around 20%-50%, with the rest being water, a co-solvent, and the like.

[0015] Preferably, the concentration of the fixing agent is usually 1% to 5%, the fixing temperature is 50-70° C., and the fixing time is 20-30 minutes.

[0016] Preferably, in the post-treatment step, the detergent concentration is about 1-2 g / L and the cleaning time is 10-15 minutes.

[0017] Preferably, the detergent consists of a surfactant, a builder, an enzyme preparation and a whitening agent.

[0018] Preferably, after washing with the detergent solution, it is necessary to rinse with clean water for multiple times until the rinse water is substantially colorless and free of foam.

[0019] Preferably, when detecting the color difference, the color difference can be based on color difference = ((L1-L2)2+(a1-a2)2+(b1-b2)2), wherein L, a, and b represent the values ​​of brightness, red-green axis, and yellow-blue axis, respectively.

[0020] Preferably, the drying machine is set at a temperature of 50-70° C. and the drying time is 20-30 minutes.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. The dyeing process provided by the present invention can greatly enhance the waterproof ability of waterproof and breathable fabrics. Whether facing the direct impact of rain or being in a humid environment for a long time, it can effectively prevent the penetration of water. This makes the fabric have excellent performance in fields with high requirements for waterproof performance such as outdoor sports equipment, high-end clothing, protective equipment, etc., providing users with reliable waterproof protection;

[0023] 2. Excellent breathability: While achieving excellent waterproof effect, this process has little effect on the original breathability of the fabric, which means that products made of treated fabrics, such as clothing, tents, shoes, etc., can effectively block the entry of external moisture while allowing sweat and heat generated by the human body to be discharged in time, keeping the interior dry and comfortable, greatly improving the comfort and health during use;

[0024] 3. Through rigorous and precise process steps and scientific and reasonable parameter control, the present invention ensures uniformity and color accuracy of fabric dyeing, and can accurately present bright and vivid colors or soft and natural tones, significantly improving the appearance quality and visual appeal of the product, and satisfying consumers' pursuit of beauty;

[0025] 4. The invention effectively improves the tear resistance of fabrics, so that the fabrics can show stronger resistance and durability when subjected to external forces such as stretching, friction, and scratching. This not only extends the service life of fabrics and related products, but also reduces the frequency of product replacement due to fabric damage, saving costs for consumers;

[0026] 5. The entire process is clear and the operation is relatively simple and easy, which reduces complex and cumbersome links and unnecessary waiting time, which helps to shorten the production cycle, increase output per unit time, and thus improve production efficiency. At the same time, by optimizing the process and reasonably controlling costs, it can reduce production costs and improve the company's economic benefits and market competitiveness. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0029] like Figure 1As shown, the present invention provides a waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process, which effectively solves the problem that the traditional dyeing process is often difficult to achieve good breathability while achieving waterproof performance, resulting in a significant reduction in the comfort of the fabric when worn or used. In addition, insufficient color fastness during the dyeing process is also a common problem, which makes the fabric easy to fade after repeated washing or use, affecting the appearance and service life; in terms of the operation of the dyeing process, many methods and steps are cumbersome and parameter control is difficult, which not only increases the complexity and cost of production, but also makes it difficult to ensure the stability and consistency of product quality. The technical problem, the implementation process and effect of the process will be introduced in detail through multiple specific embodiments, and comparative analysis will be carried out through data and tables.

[0030] Experimental materials and equipment:

[0031] Experimental Materials:

[0032] Mild detergent;

[0033] Reactive red dye;

[0034] Fixing agent;

[0035] Waterproof coating materials;

[0036] Acetic acid and sodium acetate buffer solution;

[0037] Detergents;

[0038] Experimental equipment:

[0039] Dye vat;

[0040] Heating device;

[0041] Stirring device;

[0042] Coating equipment;

[0043] Colorimeter;

[0044] Dryer.

[0045] Embodiment 1:

[0046] Fabric preparation: Select a specific waterproof and breathable fabric weighing 5kg.

[0047] Pretreatment: Soak and wash gently at 35°C for 18 minutes using mild detergent.

[0048] Dyeing: Put the calculated mass of dye and fabric into the dye vat in turn, use a heating device to heat the dye solution to 70°C, and continue to stir the dye solution at a speed of 45 rpm until the fabric is colored.

[0049] Color fixing: Then put the fabric into a 3% cationic color fixing agent solution. The color fixing agent contains quaternary ammonium salt compounds with an active ingredient content of 30%, and the rest is water, co-solvents, etc. The color fixing temperature is 60°C and the color fixing time is 25 minutes.

[0050] Post-treatment: Use clean water at room temperature for a preliminary rinse for 8 minutes, then use a detergent solution with a temperature of 45°C and a concentration of about 1.5g / L to clean for 12 minutes. The detergent consists of a surfactant, a builder, an enzyme preparation and a whitening agent.

[0051] Coating: Use coating equipment to evenly apply or spray the prepared waterproof coating material on the surface of the fabric.

[0052] Testing: Use a colorimeter to measure color parameters on different parts of the fabric and compare with standard color samples.

[0053] Drying: Place the fabric in a dryer, set the temperature to 60°C, and dry for 25 minutes.

[0054] Embodiment 2:

[0055] Fabric preparation: Select a specific waterproof and breathable fabric weighing 7kg.

[0056] Pretreatment: Soak and wash gently at 30°C for 20 minutes using a mild detergent.

[0057] Dyeing: Put the calculated mass of dye and fabric into the dye vat in turn, use a heating device to heat the dye solution to 65°C, and continue to stir the dye solution at a speed of 50 rpm until the fabric is colored.

[0058] Color fixing: Then put the fabric into a 4% cationic color fixing agent solution. The color fixing agent contains quaternary ammonium salt compounds with an active ingredient content of 40%, and the rest is water, co-solvents, etc. The color fixing temperature is 65°C and the color fixing time is 22 minutes.

[0059] Post-treatment: Use clean water at room temperature for a preliminary rinse for 6 minutes, then use a detergent solution with a temperature of 48°C and a concentration of about 1.8g / L to clean for 13 minutes. The detergent consists of a surfactant, a builder, an enzyme preparation and a whitening agent.

[0060] Coating: Use coating equipment to evenly apply or spray the prepared waterproof coating material on the surface of the fabric.

[0061] Testing: Use a colorimeter to measure color parameters on different parts of the fabric and compare with standard color samples.

[0062] Drying: Place the fabric in a dryer, set the temperature to 65°C, and dry for 28 minutes.

[0063] Embodiment 3:

[0064] Fabric preparation: Select a specific waterproof and breathable fabric weighing 6kg.

[0065] Pre-treatment: Soak and wash gently at 38°C for 16 minutes using mild detergent.

[0066] Dyeing: Put the calculated mass of dye and fabric into the dye vat in turn, use a heating device to heat the dye solution to 75°C, and continue stirring the dye solution at a speed of 45 rpm until the fabric is colored.

[0067] Color fixing: Then put the fabric into a 2% cationic color fixing agent solution. The color fixing agent contains quaternary ammonium salt compounds with an active ingredient content of 25%, and the rest is water, co-solvents, etc. The color fixing temperature is 55°C and the color fixing time is 28 minutes.

[0068] Post-treatment: Use clean water at room temperature for a preliminary rinse for 7 minutes, then use a detergent solution with a temperature of 42°C and a concentration of about 1.6g / L to clean for 10 minutes. The detergent consists of a surfactant, a builder, an enzyme preparation and a whitening agent.

[0069] Coating: Use coating equipment to evenly apply or spray the prepared waterproof coating material on the surface of the fabric.

[0070] Testing: Use a colorimeter to measure color parameters on different parts of the fabric and compare with standard color samples.

[0071] Drying: Place the fabric in the dryer, set the temperature to 55°C, and dry for 22 minutes.

[0072] The performance tests were performed on the dyed waterproof and breathable fabrics in the above three embodiments, including waterproof performance (hydrostatic pressure, water repellency level), breathable performance (water vapor permeability, air permeability resistance) and tear resistance, and the test results were organized into the following table:

[0073]

[0074]

[0075] By analyzing the table data, the following conclusions can be drawn:

[0076] In terms of waterproof performance, Example 1 performs better, with the hydrostatic pressure and water repellency rating being the best values;

[0077] In terms of air permeability, the three groups of values ​​are close, indicating that the dyeing process has little effect on the air permeability of the fabric;

[0078] In terms of tear resistance, the surface of Example 1 has the best tear resistance.

[0079] First of all, from the specific operation process of each embodiment, each step of the waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process has a clear goal and a significant effect.

[0080] In the preparation stage, the amount of dye is accurately calculated according to the characteristics of the fabric and the required color depth, laying the foundation for the accuracy and uniformity of subsequent dyeing. During pretreatment, soak and gently wash with a mild detergent at a water temperature of 30-40℃ for 15-20 minutes to effectively remove impurities and grease on the surface of the fabric and improve the hydrophilicity and dyeability of the fabric.

[0081] In the dyeing and fixing stage, after the dye and fabric are placed in the dye vat, the dye solution is heated to 60-80°C by a heating device and continuously stirred at a stirring speed of 30-60 rpm to allow the dye to evenly penetrate into the fabric fiber to ensure that the fabric is fully colored. Subsequently, the fabric is placed in a cationic fixing agent solution of a specific concentration and temperature for fixing treatment. For example, in Example 1, a fixing agent solution with a concentration of 3% and an active ingredient content of 30% is used, and the color is fixed at a temperature of 60°C for 25 minutes, which significantly enhances the binding force between the dye and the fiber and improves the color fastness.

[0082] In the post-processing stage, the fabric is first rinsed with clean water at room temperature for 5-10 minutes to remove residual dye and impurities, and then washed with a detergent solution at a temperature of 40-50°C and a concentration of about 1-2g / L for 10-15 minutes to further remove stains and floating colors, making the fabric cleaner. The detergent is composed of surfactants, builders, enzyme preparations and brighteners, which can effectively play their respective roles and improve the cleaning effect. After cleaning, the prepared waterproof coating material is evenly applied or sprayed on the surface of the fabric using a coating device to enhance the waterproof performance of the fabric.

[0083] During the testing and drying stage, a colorimeter is used to measure the color parameters of different parts of the fabric and compare them with standard color samples to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the color. Then, the fabric is placed in a dryer at a temperature of 50-70℃ for 20-30 minutes to achieve the appropriate dryness of the fabric.

[0084] The performance of the dyed waterproof and breathable fabrics in the above three embodiments was tested, and the results are as follows:

[0085] In terms of waterproof performance, Example 1 performs well, with a hydrostatic pressure of 5000 mm water column and a water repellency level of 4. This shows that the treatment conditions in this example can effectively give the fabric good waterproof performance, so that it can still maintain excellent waterproof effects when facing higher water pressure and humid environments. In comparison, the hydrostatic pressure of Example 2 is 4500 mm water column and the water repellency level is 3; the hydrostatic pressure of Example 3 is 4800 mm water column and the water repellency level is 3.5. Although the waterproof performance of these two examples is not as good as that of Example 1, it is still within an acceptable range.

[0086] In terms of air permeability, the performances of the three embodiments are relatively similar. The moisture permeability of embodiment 1 is 5000g / m 2 / 24h, air permeability resistance is 160Pa; the moisture permeability of Example 2 is 4900g / m 2 / 24h, air permeability resistance is 150Pa; the moisture permeability of Example 3 is 5100g / m 2 / 24h, the air permeability resistance is 155Pa, which shows that the dyeing process has little effect on the air permeability while ensuring the waterproof performance of the fabric, and can meet the air permeability requirements of waterproof and breathable fabrics.

[0087] In terms of tear resistance, Example 1 shows the best effect, and its tear resistance reaches 250 N. This shows that the processing conditions in Example 1 are helpful to enhance the structural strength and toughness of the fabric, so that it has better resistance when pulled by external force. The tear resistance of Example 2 is 230 N, and the tear resistance of Example 3 is 240 N, which is slightly inferior to Example 1, but can still meet certain usage requirements as a whole.

[0088] Through in-depth analysis of the table data, the following conclusions can be drawn:

[0089] In terms of waterproof performance, Example 1 stands out with its higher hydrostatic pressure and excellent water repellency rating. This may be because in this example, the optimized combination of parameters such as pretreatment temperature, time, and concentration, temperature and time of the fixing agent allows a closer and more effective bond to be formed between the fabric fibers and the waterproof treatment agent, thereby providing better waterproof protection.

[0090] In terms of breathability, the values ​​of the three embodiments are close, indicating that the dyeing process can better balance the requirements of waterproofness and breathability during the processing process. No matter how the weight, pretreatment conditions and fixation parameters of the fabric change, the breathability of the fabric can be maintained to a certain extent, ensuring that the user will not feel stuffy and uncomfortable when wearing or using it.

[0091] In terms of tear resistance, Example 1 performs the best, which may be related to factors such as temperature, time and the intensity of chemical reagents during the dyeing and post-processing process in this example. These factors work together to better strengthen and protect the fiber structure of the fabric, thereby improving the tear resistance.

[0092] In summary, the waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process can achieve good performance effects in different embodiments, and achieve a certain balance between waterproof, breathable and tear resistance.

[0093] The embodiments of the present invention are given for the purpose of illustration and description, and are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the disclosed forms. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art. The embodiments are selected and described in order to better illustrate the principles and practical applications of the present invention and to enable those of ordinary skill in the art to understand the present invention and thereby design various embodiments with various modifications suitable for specific uses.

Claims

1. A waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1: Preparation stage: After selecting the fabric, soak and gently wash it in water at 30-40℃ with a mild detergent for about 15-20 minutes. Then, according to the required color depth and fabric weight, calculate the required dye mass according to "dye concentration × fabric weight" to prepare the dye; S2: Dyeing and fixing: Put the dye and fabric into the dye vat in turn, then use a heating device to heat the dye solution to 60-80℃, continue to stir the dye solution until the fabric is colored, and then put the fabric into the solution of the fixing agent; S3: Post-treatment: Use clean water at room temperature for preliminary rinsing for about 5-10 minutes, then use a detergent solution at a temperature of 40-50°C to clean, and then use a coating device to evenly apply or spray the prepared waterproof coating material on the surface of the fabric; S4: Testing and drying: Use a colorimeter to measure color parameters at different parts of the fabric, compare with standard color samples, and then put the fabric into the dryer for drying.

2. A waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the dye selection step, the pH of the dye solution can be adjusted to 4-6 using acetic acid and sodium acetate buffer solutions.

3. A waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: During the dyeing process, the dye solution is continuously stirred to ensure uniform dyeing, and the stirring speed is usually 30-60 rpm.

4. A waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: During the dyeing process, a cationic fixing agent is used, which includes a quaternary ammonium salt compound. The active ingredient content may be around 20%-50%, and the rest is water, co-solvent, etc.

5. A waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The concentration of the fixing agent is usually 1% to 5%, the fixing temperature is 50-70°C, and the fixing time is 20-30 minutes.

6. A waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the post-treatment step, the detergent concentration is about 1-2 g / L and the cleaning time is 10-15 minutes.

7. A waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Detergents are composed of surfactants, builders, enzyme preparations and whitening agents.

8. A waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: After cleaning with detergent solution, rinse with clean water several times until the rinse water is basically colorless and free of foam.

9. A waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: When detecting color difference, it can be based on color difference = ((L1-L2)2+(a1-a2)2+(b1-b2)2), where L, a, and b represent the values ​​of brightness, red-green axis, and yellow-blue axis respectively.

10. A waterproof and breathable fabric dyeing process as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The drying machine is set at a temperature of 50-70°C and the drying time is 20-30 minutes.

Images